General part
The general part of the course is aimed at the examination of the essential aspects of the organization of the State, the characteristics of the legality of the government, the distribution of public establishments, the sources of law, the issues connected with the involvement of Italy in the European Community and the European Union, the arrangement of national territorial autonomy. Futhermore will be given particular attention to the foundamental rights protection, in connection with the effective guaranties to provide the effectivity of the mentioned protection, public administration activities, and the origins, the models and the developement of Constitutional Justice.

Special part
The special part of the course is aimend at the deepening of the issues connected with security on a legal perspective, especially on the undertones and the incessant evolution of the argument.
Always caring about the national and supranational view, further attention will be given to the issue of security, both as a guarantee and as a potential limit of founamental rights. The security guarantee will be examinated in respect of the form of governament, of the diffrent dimensions of territorial security and of the issues connected to information transparency, especially cybersecurity. Futhermore, the juridical challenges given by new technologies will be examinated with particular reguard to the link between security and Artificial Intelligence, security and Internet, security and Big Data management.

general part:
Aa.Vv., Diritto pubblico, a cura di F. Modugno, 2019.

special part:
SPECIFIC PAPERS WILL BE GIVEN DURING THE LESSONS

The course analyzes the historical evolution of Roman Private Law from the origins to the Justinian age. The Roman private law’s topics are: 1) Legal theory and history of law; 2) General traits of the different ages of Roman law; 3) Tradition of Roman law; 4) Political organization of Rome; 5) Sources of Roman law; 6) The Roman jurists and their methods; 7) Civil procedure; 8) Law of persons and family; 9) Law of property and possession; 10) Law of obligations. The following chapters will be not requested: Cap. VIII.5, nn. 9-9.1-9.2-9.3; 10 (471-486); Cap. IX; Cap. X.

MANNINO V., Introduzione alla storia del diritto privato dei Romani (3a ed.), Torino, Giappichelli, 2018.

The course will focus on the different philosophical models of criminal law. The didactic objectives are: a) to provide students with the theoretical tools necessary for the analysis of the legal system, with a main focus on criminal law; b) to allow them to orient themselves in the world of philosophical and theoretical reflection on criminal law, through a look at the different conceptions of the State and the different paradigms of law.
In particular, a look at the different concept of security, freedom, human dignity in the contemporary doctrines of law and the State. Finally, attention will be devoted to the penal sanctions, also through the analysis of the use of the death penalty and the prison instrument over time (up to the present day).

1) Luigi Ferrajoli, Il paradigma garantista, Editoriale Scientifica, 2016
2) (a cura di P. Gonnella, M. Ruotolo), Giustizia e carceri secondo papa Francesco, Jacabook, 2016
3) Cesare Beccaria, Dei delitti e delle pene (a cura di A. Burgio), Feltrinelli oppure in alternativa Cesare Beccaria, Dei Delitti e delle pene (a cura di F. Venturi), Einaudi

The course will be divided into three sections: 1) introduction to private law and its foundations; 2) property rights, obligations and contracts; 3) torts.
The first section provides for an introduction to private law against the background of its opposition to public law and then investigates the concept of the code and the features of the '42 civil code. Particular attention will be paid to the sources of private law within the constitutional and European framework. The fundamentals of private law and the legal entities will then be addressed. The section will close with an overview of the new rights agglomerated around the concept of privacy, including personal data protection schemes and digital identity issues.
The second section deals with property, ownership and possession, analyses the so called "new properties" and the issues related to the Internet of things (IoT). The foundamentals of the law of obligations and contract law will be examined with specific regard to the role of European contract law in reshaping the traditional relationship between freedom of contract and market regulation. Against this background, the course will examine ecommerce contracts, digital goods, potential and issues raised by algorithmic negotiation, Smart contracts and remote utility control.
The third section will be dedicated to the fundamentals of torts, also in comparison with liability for non-performance. With a view to examining the impact of tecnological development on the law of torts, the section will deal with the topic of damages caused by artificial intelligence and robots, with particular attention to the solutions currently available in other jurisdictions.

A) - Mazzamuto (a cura di), Manuale del diritto privato, Torino, Giappichelli (latest edition available)

B) - civil code (updated)

COMPARATIVE LEGAL SYSTEMS
PROGRAM OF THE COURSE A.A. 2020-2021

The course aims to illustrate the history, methods and problems of the comparative approach and to introduce the main legal systems and traditions of the world and the most relevant current legal issues. Special attention will be put on territorial and IT security problems, as regards implemented within different legal systems; at the same time, in a historical perspective, it will highlight the intersections between law, culture and society in the development of those solutions. Finally, it will reflect on the prospects opened up by the processes of supranational harmonization of law.

This course includes a general part where the fundamental concepts and areas of Comparative legal systems are introduced. It will then focus on selected topics consistent with the degree programme, which are related to territorial security and information technology-releated aspects. For this, experts will be invited to hold lectures. Finally, the course foresses in-class discussion and other classroom activities that will allow analyzing concretely the problems discussed through the greatest involvement of students.

COMPARATIVE LEGAL SYSTEMS
Readings A.A. 2020-2021

1) V. Varano – V. Barsotti, La tradizione giuridica occidentale, Giappichelli, Torino, 2018
2) Further readings will be recommended during the course.

Additional readings agreed with the teacher on the topics covered during the course are required for students who do not attend at least 80% of the lectures.

The lessons are organized in chronological order, starting from the Late Middle Ages (XII sec.) up to the Italian Constitution of 1948. The problem of the difficult balance between security and individual and collective rights is the central issue of the course. Students are invited to analyze the solutions adopted over the centuries in different geographical and cultural contexts.
Three macro-periods are taken into account:
1) Late Middle Ages (ius commune and iura propria, Roman-canonical process and Inquisition, problem of representation);
2) Modern Age (Legal Humanism, Lutheran Reformation, Roman Inquisition, marginalization of minorities, centralized tribunals, Natural law theories, Enlightenment, American Revolution, French Revolution, Constitutions and Codifications);
3) Contemporary Age (legislation and justice in the Kingdom of Italy, Fascism, Democracy).

Mario Ascheri, "Introduzione storica al diritto moderno e contemporaneo", Torino: Giappichelli, 2008.
The following chapters are excluded:
Parte II, cap. IV: La stampa e la letteratura giuridica (pp. 161-173).
Parte IV, cap. II: Alternative al positivismo e alla civilistica (pp. 301-303).
Parte V, cap. III: only up to p. 423 (La discontinuità: la Costituzione del 1948).

The course will deal, among others, with the following topics: composition of public expenditure and tax revenue; market efficiency and market failures; The role public goods and public remedies to externalities, with emphasis given to the public role for environmental protection; the trade-off between efficiency and equity and the re-distributive role of public policies; The tax and transfers system, taxes on income, consumption, and wealth; the size distribution of income and wealth and the concept of economic inequalities; the role of technology and automated algorithms as a guide to public intervention; the provision of public goods and services by central and local governments.

The main textbook adopted for the course is:

"Economics of the public sector" by JOSEPH STIGLITZ e JAY ROSENGARD

The programme consist of a general and a special part. The general part focuses on illustration of the structure of the tax rule, the constitutional principles in tax matters, the force over time and space of the tax low, active and passive entities of the tax low, and the implementation of the tax low in the administrative phase, also considering the pathological phase of the tributary relationship, aimed at recovery of the sanctions, also penal. The special part is dedicated to the study of state and local taxation. Among the state taxes il will deepen, in particular, the discipline of IRPEF (personal tax), that is the primary state tax of greater impact in terms of taxation and diffusion. Among the local taxes we will study those applied at the maritime state, that is the regional taxes on state concessions and IMU (local tax on land and bouildings) but, with a view to protection of the local territory and the environment, also the form of taxation that concern the refuse disposal and collection and the taxes that are inspired by this environmental vocation of the local taxation.

G. Tinelli, Istituzioni di Diritto Tributario, Principi generali, Cedam, 2020 (tranne capitolo XIII)
S. Mencarelli, G. Tinelli, Lineamenti giuridici dell'imposta sul reddito delle persone fisiche, Giappichelli, 2018.
S. Mencarelli, Portualità turistica e fiscalità locale. Profili giuridici, Cedam, 2018 (capitolo II, III e IV).

The course is divided into two parts and focuses on the analysis of the main aspects of the European integration process and the results achieved in the implementation of the CFSP and the area offreedom, security and justice. In the first part, the institutional structure of the Union, the system of sources, the decision-making process, judicial protection and the relationship between Union law and States’ legal orders will be examined. In the second part, the most relevant results achieved in the construction of the area of freedom, security and justice will be examined with particular reference to the free movement of persons, immigration and border control policy, the common policy on asylum and international protection, police cooperation. The course includes the presentation and discussion, also in seminar form, of the most relevant judgments of the Court of Justice.

The program includes the study of both texts indicated below:

General part:

Adinolfi A., Morviducci C., Elementi di Diritto dell’Unione europea. Sistema istituzionale, circolazione delle persone, politica estera e di sicurezza comune, Torino, 2020;

Special Part:

G. Caggiano, Scritti sul diritto europeo dell’immigrazione, Torino, 2020.