Environmental policy and sustainability. The course presents a brief overview of the main schools of thought in environmental matters, following their development especially in recent decades. The course discusses then about methods and tools of environmental policy, illustrates the geography of environmental resources and examines the role of the actors in environmental policy at different geographical scales, from global to local. The problems are also analyzed through some case studies related to different parts of the world. There will be lectures and eventual workshops/excursion.

MADAU Caterina, 2014, (PLEASE NOTE: CHAPTERS 2 and 3 ONLY)
«Entro i limiti del nostro pianeta Teorie e politiche della questione ambientale»
Bologna, PÀTRON

Supplementary book:
GIOVANNINI Enrico, 2024,
«L'utopia sostenibile»
Roma, LATERZA (tascabile)

Supplementary paper:
DI PAOLA Marcello, PELLEGRINO Gianfranco, 2018,
«La Terra reinventata. Etica dell’ambiente e Antropocene»
ACCESSIBILE GRATUITAMENTE SU: https://rosa.uniroma1.it/rosa03/semestrale_di_geografia/article/view/14949/14414

Introduction:
Angeli A., Salvini S., “Introduzione” e “Note Tecniche” in Popolazione e sviluppo nelle regioni del mondo, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2007.
Demographic transition:
Natale M. (a cura di), Economia e popolazione, F. Angeli, Milano, 2002, cap. 2, § 2.3, La transizione demografica, pp. 57-64.
Nobile A., Modernizzazione e transizione demografica. Il cammino della popolazione europea nel XIX secolo, in T. Bonazzi, D. Fiorentino, A. Nobile (a cura di), Nazionalizzazione e modernità, Aracne Editrice, Roma, 2014, pp. 151-167.
Livi Bacci M., Storia minima della popolazione del mondo, Il Mulino, Bologna, nuova edizione 2018, cap. IV, La demografia contemporanea verso l’ordine e l’efficienza, pp. 147-198
The second demographic transition:
Natale M. (a cura di), Economia e popolazione, F. Angeli, Milano, 2002, cap. 2, § 2.4, La seconda transizione demografica: un’interpretazione demo-sociale dell’attuale comportamento riproduttivo dei paesi europei, pp. 67-75.
Population Ageing:
Reynaud C., L’invecchiamento demografico: situazione, determinanti, conseguenze e soluzioni, Dispense, 2017, 23 pp.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Population ageing in Europe: facts, implications and policies, 2014 Cap 2 e cap 4 pp. 15-26 e pp. 47-54
https://op.europa.eu/it/publication-detail/-/publication/1e7549b4-2333-413b-972c-f9f1bc70d4cf
developing countries population:
Livi Bacci M., Storia minima della popolazione del mondo, Il Mulino, Bologna, nuova edizione 2018, cap. V, La popolazione dei paesi poveri, pp. 199-262
Gesano G., Tendenze della popolazione urbana e dei sistemi urbani, in Golini A. (ed.) Il futuro della popolazione mondiale, Bologna il Mulino, pp. 145-162
Population Politics
Bussini O., Politiche di popolazione e migrazioni, Morlacchi Editore, Perugia, nuova edizione 2010, cap. secondo, Le politiche di popolazione, pp.15-36; capitolo terzo, L’attuazione delle politiche di popolazione, pp. 59-86.

The China population:
Farina P., La via cinese alla transizione demografica: dal controllo alla libera scelta, relazione presentata alle VIII Giornate di Studio sulla Popolazione, 2-4 febbraio 2009, 20 pp.
Wang F., Baochang G., Yong C., The End of China’s One-Child Policy, Studies in Family Planning, 47, 1, 2016, pp. 83-86.

International migration
Guarneri, A. Le migrazioni internazionali, Dispense, 2010, 23 pp.
IOM, World Migration Report 2022: Chapter 2 - Migration and Migrants: A Global Overview. https://publications.iom.int/books/world-migration-report-2022-chapter-2
The deographic future:
Livi Bacci M., Storia minima della popolazione del mondo, Il Mulino, Bologna, nuova edizione 2018, cap. VI, Il futuro, pp. 263-328.

Non-attending students must study these topics in depth:

students of AMMINISTRAZIONI E POLITICHE PUBBLICHE
Rosina A., Il futuro non invecchia. Ed. Vita e Pensiero. Pg 23 -67
De Santis G. Popolazioni e sistemi di welfare in Golini A. (ed.) Il futuro della popolazione mondiale, Bologna il Mulino, pp. 119-144

Students of STRATEGIE CULTURALI PER LA COOPERAZIONE E LO SVILUPPO
Livi Bacci M., Il Pianeta Stretto, Il Mulino, Bologna, nuova edizione 2015, cap. IV pp. 69-86, cap VIII ed epilogo pp. 141-163.
Unicef, Levels & Trends in Child Mortality UN Report 2021 pag 12-19
https://childmortality.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/UNICEF-2021-Child-Mortality-Report.pdf
Un Population division World Population prospects 2022 pag 3-11
https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf

Angeli A., Salvini S., “Introduzione” e “Note Tecniche” in Popolazione e sviluppo nelle regioni del mondo, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2007.
Natale M. (a cura di), Economia e popolazione, F. Angeli, Milano, 2002, cap. 2, § 2.3, La transizione demografica, pp. 57-64.
Nobile A., Modernizzazione e transizione demografica. Il cammino della popolazione europea nel XIX secolo, in T. Bonazzi, D. Fiorentino, A. Nobile (a cura di), Nazionalizzazione e modernità, Aracne Editrice, Roma, 2014, pp. 151-167.
Livi Bacci M., Storia minima della popolazione del mondo, Il Mulino, Bologna, nuova edizione 2018, cap. IV, La demografia contemporanea verso l’ordine e l’efficienza, pp. 147-198
Natale M. (a cura di), Economia e popolazione, F. Angeli, Milano, 2002, cap. 2, § 2.4, La seconda transizione demografica: un’interpretazione demo-sociale dell’attuale comportamento riproduttivo dei paesi europei, pp. 67-75.
Reynaud C., L’invecchiamento demografico: situazione, determinanti, conseguenze e soluzioni, Dispense, 2017, 23 pp.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Population ageing in Europe: facts, implications and policies, 2014 Cap 2 e cap 4 pp. 15-26 e pp. 47-54
https://op.europa.eu/it/publication-detail/-/publication/1e7549b4-2333-413b-972c-f9f1bc70d4cf
Livi Bacci M., Storia minima della popolazione del mondo, Il Mulino, Bologna, nuova edizione 2018, cap. V, La popolazione dei paesi poveri, pp. 199-262
Gesano G., Tendenze della popolazione urbana e dei sistemi urbani, in Golini A. (ed.) Il futuro della popolazione mondiale, Bologna il Mulino, pp. 145-162
Bussini O., Politiche di popolazione e migrazioni, Morlacchi Editore, Perugia, nuova edizione 2010, cap. secondo, Le politiche di popolazione, pp.15-36; capitolo terzo, L’attuazione delle politiche di popolazione, pp. 59-86.
Farina P., La via cinese alla transizione demografica: dal controllo alla libera scelta, relazione presentata alle VIII Giornate di Studio sulla Popolazione, 2-4 febbraio 2009, 20 pp.
Wang F., Baochang G., Yong C., The End of China’s One-Child Policy, Studies in Family Planning, 47, 1, 2016, pp. 83-86.
Guarneri, A. Le migrazioni internazionali, Dispense, 2010, 23 pp.
IOM, World Migration Report 2022: Chapter 2 - Migration and Migrants: A Global Overview. https://publications.iom.int/books/world-migration-report-2022-chapter-2
Livi Bacci M., Storia minima della popolazione del mondo, Il Mulino, Bologna, nuova edizione 2018, cap. VI, Il futuro, pp. 263-328.


Materiale didattico aggiuntivo per i non frequentanti
Per gli studenti del corso di laurea AMMINISTRAZIONI E POLITICHE PUBBLICHE
Rosina A., Il futuro non invecchia. Ed. Vita e Pensiero. Pg 23 -67
De Santis G. Popolazioni e sistemi di welfare in Golini A. (ed.) Il futuro della popolazione mondiale, Bologna il Mulino, pp. 119-144
Per gli studenti del corso di laurea STRATEGIE CULTURALI PER LA COOPERAZIONE E LO SVILUPPO
Livi Bacci M., Il Pianeta Stretto, Il Mulino, Bologna, nuova edizione 2015, cap. IV pp. 69-86, cap VIII ed epilogo pp. 141-163.
Unicef, Levels & Trends in Child Mortality UN Report 2021 pag 12-19
https://childmortality.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/UNICEF-2021-Child-Mortality-Report.pdf
Un Population division World Population prospects 2022 pag 3-11
https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf

COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES:
Students will be able to:
• To comprehensively examine the most significant views regarding the legal framework of the international development law in the past and current international debate as well as in the international practice, in particular concerning IOs.
• To be updated on lessons learned and good practices in terms of international development cooperation frameworks and related challenges, in particular in relation to the new 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda scenario (encompassing the environmental vision) and other programmatic and strategic documents concerning emergency/conflicts.
• To have an in depth understanding of the crucial role played by institutional and non-state actors in the international development law framework.
• To get focused on contemporary political, economic, social, cultural and environmental issues through the awareness of the pivotal role, played particularly by BRICs and Developing Countries, thanks to the study of ad hoc policy documents.
• The students will develop an inquiring thinking, thanks to a variety of learning activities in class, such as essay questions, oral presentations, writing assignments, reports, case studies, guest speakers, so to have a real and tangible understanding of how international development cooperation theories at large are put into practice by States, International Organizations (IOs), non-state actors, such as NGO’s, and other key players.

CONTENT:
PART I – Introduction and description of the Course; the UN framework: past vs. future international development cooperation
Topic: Preliminary basics of the International development cooperation
Conceptual framework of the International development cooperation
Operational mechanisms and procedures
The right to development and international cooperation
Topic: Key-elements of the right to development
Economic, sustainable and social factors at the core of the human development concept: theoretical and practical approach
International actors: donors and partners; IOs; the role of the United Nations within the international cooperative framework
From MDGs to SDGs (including environmental and emergency-humanitarian cooperation)
Approaching to the 2015 time limit and beyond: the new era of the post-2015/2030 Development Agenda
PART II – The financial/trade development cooperation
Topic: The International financial and trade development cooperation
The role and action of the World Bank Group and related development cooperation mechanisms and models
The financial cooperation of the International Monetary Fund
Topic: Trade Law and development cooperation principles
The basics of WTO: principles and rules to create and perform International development cooperation practices
Comprehensive overview about international financial and trade development cooperation actors and models
PART III – The regional dimension, the non-institutional approach of the international development cooperation
Topic: The regional dimension of the development cooperation (including environmental and emergency-humanitarian cooperation)
Historical, legal and practical features of the development partnership between EEC/EU and the African and Mediterranean Countries
The European development model cycle: analysis and implementation in a comparative perspective
Topic: The non-state actors of the international development cooperation
NGOs: private profile, global action
The business and the International development cooperation: rethinking the way for best actions
Corporate Social Responsibility and human rights protection in the view of development cooperation
The environmental/climate issues in the international negotiations and multi-level cooperation strategies; focus on the right to water
PART IV – Case studies: Italy
Topic: The Italian development cooperation framework; case studies (environment/climate; humanitarian/emergency cooperation)
Lessons from the past for a new legal and institutional framework of the Italian development cooperation

REQUIRED READINGS:
1) UNDP, Human Development Annual Report 2010/2011/2013/2014/2015/2020/2021-2022 (http://hdr.undp.org/) - Global Sustainable Development Report 2016/2019/2023; 2022 Special Report on Human Security 2022 free choice of one Report (including the 2024 forthcoming edition)
2) 2010, Rumu Sarkar, International Development Law. Rule of Law, Human Rights, and Global Finance, Oxford University Press, chapters 2 and 4, http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195398281.001.0001/acprof-9780195398281
3) Articles listed by Journal/Review (one choice) free access to Journals/Reviews on www. sba.uniroma3.it (for the complete list, please refer to the Syllabus/website of Professor Carletti - gradually updated). Students should inform about their choice after the mid-term exam.

Students are also required to attend to the following webinars for a total amount of 6 hours and to draft a summary of 3 pages maximum: https://hlpf.un.org/2023 https://hlpf.un.org/2023/vnr-labs / https://hlpf.un.org/2023/other-events (also including the forthcoming 2024 session)

The course will focus on the study of environmental movements during the latter half of the 20th century. It will examine how these movements perceived and addressed major environmental issues, transformed into political parties, and interacted with the concept of modernity.
The course will provide an overview of the emergence of conservationist and protectionist movements in 19th century Europe and the first half of the 20th century. Then the main emphasis will be on the movements that arose between the 1960s and 1990s, with a comprehensive exploration of their organizational and cultural aspects.
Specific topics that will be covered include the rise of environmental conservation associations, the emergence of ecological protests, environmental movements, and animal rights activism. The course will also analyze the development of green cultures and parties in Italy, Britain, France, and Germany within the context of their respective political systems. Furthermore, the scientific and political debates surrounding climate change will be examined.
To facilitate a deeper understanding of the subject matter, the course will involve reading and discussing relevant documents from the studied period. These documents will shed light on the political cultures, ideas, and sensitivities that gave birth to these movements and fueled internal political debates.

G. Della Valentina, Storia dell’ambientalismo in Italia. Lo sviluppo insostenibile, Bruno Mondadori, 2011.
G. Guazzaloca, Primo: non maltrattare. Storia della protezione degli animali in Italia, Laterza 2018.
Readings given during classes and available on Moodle.

The first part of he course focuses on the historical question of African history and the history sources for this continent. Particular reference is made to oral sources and methodology. The course will then move on to the fundamental aspects.
The course aims to provide basic background knowledge of the history of the continent and its modern day problems, this in the light of a historical understanding of different cultures.
Subjects covered:
Aspects of African culture (Clans and ancestry, totemism, theism, social structures)
The impact of colonialism
The Africanisation of the colonialistic western culture

- Bernardo Bernardi, Africa. Tradizione e Modernità, Carocci, 2001

- Catherine Coquery Vidrovitch, Breve storia dell'Africa, Il Mulino, 2012 (French original edition)

CONTENT:

PART I – Introduction and description of the course

1) Introduction : East Asia as a regional entity (geopolitics and culture)
2) Historical overview : The pre-war order in East Asia (the Sino-centric order and the Japanese particularism) – Part I
3) Japan and China facing the first great challenge (Modernity)
4) Japan and China facing the second great challenge (Globalization)
5) Revision
6) Mid-term.

PART II

1) Security, identity and stability in East Asia
2) China and the Japan-U.S. alliance - The security dilemma in East Asia
3) Ambiguous Japan: Japan’s national identity at century’s end
4) Power and purpose in Pacific East Asia
5) Revision
6) Final Exam

Students are expected to write a 2.500 words, theoretically informed, research paper on a topic of their choice which has been previously discussed with the instructor.

This course is taught in English.

Required readings:

1) Makoto Iokibe, The Diplomatic History of Postwar Japan, Routledge 2010;
2) Rebecca E. Karl, China's Revolutions in the Modern World, Verso Books 2020;
3) Michael Yehuda, The International Politics of the Asia-Pacific (Fourth and Revised Edition), Routledge 2019;
4) Akihiro Iwashita, Yong-Chool Ha et al., Geo-Politics in Northeast Asia, Routledge 2022;
5) Oliviero Frattolillo, A Cultural History of Postwar Japan, Routledge 2023.

The Islam and Gender course aims to provide heuristic and methodological tools for students to analyze the complex and multivariate dynamics surrounding gender relations in Muslim societies and in the Islamic theological and legal tradition. Primarily, stereotypes and imaginaries concerning Islam and gender relations among Muslims will be contested, for instance, the idea that Muslims are ancestrally patriarchal and religiously zealous, as well as the idea that Muslim women are only oppressed and victimized. Contesting these clichés serves to furnish a more comprehensive outlook on gender in Muslim societies to avoid monolithic, essentialist and culturalist views. Part of the course is devoted to the exploration of normative and theological arrangements on gender in the Islamic tradition: therefore, the features of male and female sexuality will be explicated. A part will be spent on the analysis of feminist and historically contextualized readings of Islamic sources. The interplay of gender relations in modern Muslim communities will then be dealt with, emphasizing the breakthrough of colonialism, the rise of nation-states and globalization. In this, it will consider developments such as the surfacing of Islamic reformist movements (including Salafism and Jihadism) and Islamic and secular feminist movements. Matters of the construction of patriarchy in Islamic societies, their norm-setting as well as the establishment of the diverse emotional and embedded agency of women and men will be central to the lessons.

Duderija, Adis, Alina Isac Alak, and Kristin Hissong, Islam and gender: major issues and debates, London: Routledge 2020.

Wadud, Amina. Qur'an and woman: Rereading the sacred text from a woman's perspective. Oxford University Press, USA, 1999;

Ahmed, Leila. Women and gender in Islam: Historical roots of a modern debate. Yale University Press, 2021;

Mir-Hosseini, Ziba, Mulki Al-Sharmani, and Jana Rumminger. Men in charge?: rethinking authority in Muslim legal tradition. Oneworld, 2014.

The evoltuion of economic theories on international economic relatuions will be followed since the 18th century until now, underlining the relationship of evolving theories with major facts and policies.

A specific programme in english will be agreed with english-speaking students.

The locution "human rights" denotes a field of action as well as a broad, inter-disciplinary, field of studies. In the first perspective, human rights are generally meant to express a set of minimum standards of conduct a State ought to meet in the treatment of individuals over whom it exercises its jurisdiction. Since the end of World War II international charters, conventions, covenants and declarations have been promulgated stating what basic rights individuals have. Notable efforts have been made to enforce adherence to those rights resulting in the creation of a system of multi-level jurisdiction through a number of international courts. Even though many see human rights as a Western, culturally biased, construction based upon an abstract and atomistic conception of the individual, the notion that for a State to promote and perform cruel and degrading acts is unjust, albeit for different reasons, has become increasingly popular globally. In the second perspective, descriptively human rights are said to be powers or properties belonging to all human beings in virtue of being human. Normatively that all human beings must be able to enjoy certain fundamental rights is a matter of global justice. Today not only theories of human rights, concerned with guiding action, but also theories about human rights, concerned with foundational questions, compete with one another. The course concentreates on the theory of autonomy, vulnerability, recognition and justice by Axel Honneth. There is general agreement about the fact that liberal-democratic societies are based on normative principles, which require legal provisions to ensure that governments do not violate anyone’s fundamental rights. Yet, partially on account of the complexity of the ongoing overlapping global processes of integration, deregulation, reform, and partially on account of the influence of anti-foundational critique (deconstruction; postmodernism; relativism), these widely accepted principles seem to have lost much of their original explanatory and prescriptive force. Contrary to those claiming that this problem consists of a mere temporal delay between philosophical investigation and practical application Honneth argues that more is needed than time, hope and persistence to transform theoretically developed principles of freedom and justice into guidelines for political action. In his view the normative principles at the heart of the human rights discourse are formulated in a manner that prevents us from deriving guidelines for political action. In particular, the course will examine the model of normative reconstruction that Honneth developed in neo-Hegelian fashion for the purpose of situating his own theory of justice as recognition in the analysis of the variety of historically determined institutional instances and practices that embody existentially significant claims to realization.

CONTENT OF THE COURSE PROGRAMME -

- Human rights in the philosophical perspective: ontological and epistemological approaches
- The psychological foundation of the fruition of fundamental rights: self-respect, self-trust and self-esteem
- The struggles for recognition and the moral grammar of social conflict: the analysis of society as a theory of justice
- The right to freedom and the social foundation of democratic ethical life
- The reasons for the existence of legal and moral freedom and their pathological turn
- Social freedom and the three registers of the ‘We’ of personal relationships
- Recognition and the free market: the sphere of consumption, labour markets and environmental sustainability
- Human rights in contemporary ethical debates
- Moral reflection, rights and legislation
- Rights and duties
- The challenges of our time

This course is taught in Italian.

1) HONNETH, Axel, "Il diritto della libertà. Lineamenti per un’eticità democratica", trad. C. Sandrelli, Codice Edizioni, Torino 2015 (fino a pagina 308).

2) MILL, John Stuart Mill, Sulla libertà (testo inglese a fronte), a cura di G. Mollica, Bompiani, Milano 2000 (ISBN 978-88-4529-072-5). Alteranativly, the following edition is also admissible: MILL, John Stuart, Saggio sulla libertà, trad. S. Magistretti, Il Saggiatore, Milano 2023 (ISBN 978-88-4283-256-0)

3) GALEOTTI, Anna E., “Hate Speech: un dibattito lungo due decenni” in «Biblioteca della libertà», vol. 54, n. 224, 2019, pp. 3-17 (the article is available in the section FILES of the Team TEORIA DEI DIRITTI UMANI AA2023/2024 on the platform MICROSOFT TEAMS. In the case of denied access to the platform TEAMS and for any difficulties in acquiring the article in question, please, contact the teacher promptly)

4) BESUSSI, Antonella, “Hate Speech: una categoria inattendibile” in «Biblioteca della libertà», vol. 54, n. 224, 2019, pp. 39-54 (the article is available in the section FILES of the Team TEORIA DEI DIRITTI UMANI AA2023/2024 on the platform MICROSOFT TEAMS. In the case of denied access to the platform TEAMS and for any difficulties in acquiring the article in question, please, contact the teacher promptly)

Week 1
Introduction and description of the course.
Methodology.

- Joan Scott, Gender: a Useful Category of Historical Analysis, in , 1, V, 1986, pp. 1053 – 1075
- Wendy Brown, Where is the Sex in Political Theory? In , 7, no. 1 1987
- Karen Offen, Defining Feminism: a Comparative Historical Approach, in , vol. 14, n. 11, 1988, pp. 119-157

Ancient Greece: Plato and Aristotle.

- Susan Moller Okin, Plato and the Greek Tradition of Misogyny, in Susan Moller Okin, Women in Western Political Thought, Princeton University Press, 1992,
- Susan Moller Okin, Philosopher Queens and Private Wives, in Women in Western Political Thought
- Susan Moller Okin, Female Nature and Social Structure, in Women in Western Political Thought
- Susan Moller Okin, Woman’s Place and Nature in a Functionalist World, in Women in Western Political Thought





Week 2
Women in medieval thought and early modern European thought
The Church Fathers: St. Augustine
St. Thomas Aquinas: Women’s place in nature
Deconstructing gender in Machiavelli


- Diana Coole, Women in Medieval Thought: Transitions from Antiquity to the Renaissance, in Women in Political Theory, Lynne Rienner Publisher, 1993
- Zillah Eisenstein, The Historical Continuity of Patriarchy, from The Radical
Future of Liberal Feminism, Northeastern University Press, 1993, Chapter 2
- Hanna Pitkin, Fortune is a Woman. Gender and Politics in the Thought of Niccolò Machiavelli, University of California Press, 1984, chapters 2,3,4,5,6
- Joan Kelly, Did Women Have a Renaissance?, from Joan Kelly, Women, History and Theory, University of Chicago Press, 1984, ch. 7


Week 3
- Protofeminism in Venice(XVI -XVII centuries)
- Natural rights against natural authority
- Thomas Hobbes against the Aristotelian model
- John Locke against patriarchy
- Margaret Cavendish
- Diana Coole, Women in Political Theory, chapter 4
- Carole Pateman, The Sexual Contract, Stanford University Press, 1988, chapters 1, 4, 6



Week 4
The State of Nature and Reconstructing a Masculinized Republic: Rousseau
Vindicating the Rights of Women: Mary Wollstonecraft
Liberal Feminism: John Stuart Mill
- Susan Moller Okin, Women in Western Political Thought, chapters 5, 6, 7
- Penny Weiss and Ann Harper, Rousseau Political Defense of Sex-Roled Family, from Feminist interpretations of Jean Jacques Rousseau, edited by Linda Lange, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002
- Mary Wollstonecraft, excerpt from A Vindication of the Rights of Women, in The Feminist Papers, edited by Alice Rossi, pp. 40-85
- John Stuart Mill, excerpt from The Subjection of Women, in The Feminist Papers, edited by Alice Rossi, pp.196-238
- Susan Moller Okin, Women in Western Political Thought, chapter



Week 5
Constructing Liberal Feminism in the US: The 19th Century Women’s Rights Movement
Contemporary feminist perspectives on patriarchy: sexual difference feminism and egalitarian feminism.
Movie: “Suffragette”.


- Alice Rossi, Introduction: Social Roots of the Woman’s Movement in America, in The Feminist Papers, pp. 241- 281
- From Abolition to Sex Equality: Sarah Grimké (1792-1837) and Angelina Grimké (1805-1879), in The Feminist Papers, pp. 306-322
- Excerpt from the History of Woman Suffrage, in The Feminist Papers, Seneca Falls Convention, pp. 413-421
- Virginia Woolf, excerpt from A Room of One’s Own, in The Feminist Papers, pp. 627-652
- Simone de Beauvoir, excerpt from The Second Sex, in The Feminist Papers, pp. 674-70



Week 6
- Is Multiculturalism Bad for Women?, edited by Susan Moller Okin, Princeton University Press, 1999
In class debate

Week 1
Introduction and description of the course.
Methodology.

- Joan Scott, Gender: a Useful Category of Historical Analysis, in , 1, V, 1986, pp. 1053 – 1075
- Wendy Brown, Where is the Sex in Political Theory? In , 7, no. 1 1987
- Karen Offen, Defining Feminism: a Comparative Historical Approach, in , vol. 14, n. 11, 1988, pp. 119-157
Ancient Greece: Plato and Aristotle.

- Susan Moller Okin, Plato and the Greek Tradition of Misogyny, in Susan Moller Okin, Women in Western Political Thought, Princeton University Press, 1992,
- Susan Moller Okin, Philosopher Queens and Private Wives, in Women in Western Political Thought
- Susan Moller Okin, Female Nature and Social Structure, in Women in Western Political Thought
- Susan Moller Okin, Woman’s Place and Nature in a Functionalist World, in Women in Western Political Thought



Week 2
Women in medieval thought.
The Church Fathers: St. Augustine
St. Thomas Aquinas: Women’s place in nature

- Diana Coole, Women in Medieval Thought: Transitions from Antiquity to the Renaissance, in Women in Political Theory, Lynne Rienner Publisher, 1993
- Zillah Eisenstein, The Historical Continuity of Patriarchy, from The Radical
Future of Liberal Feminism, Northeastern University Press, 1993, Chapter 2
Femininity and masculinity in early modern European thought. Deconstructing gender in Machiavelli


- Joan Kelly, Did Women Have a Renaissance?, from Joan Kelly, Women, History and Theory, University of Chicago Press, 1984, ch. 7
- Ian Maclean, The Renaissance Notion of Women, in , vol. 34, n. 2, Summer 1981, pp. 211-213
- Hanna Pitkin, Fortune is a Woman. Gender and Politics in the Thought of Niccolò Machiavelli, University of California Press, 1984, chapters 2,3,4,5,6


Week 3
Protofeminism in Venice
Natural rights against natural authority
Thomas Hobbes against the Aristotelian model
John Locke against patriarchy
Margaret Cavendish

- Diana Coole, Women in Political Theory, chapter 4
- Carole Pateman, The Sexual Contract, Stanford University Press, 1988, chapters 1, 4, 6

Week 4
The State of Nature and Reconstructing a Masculinized Republic: Rousseau

- Susan Moller Okin, Women in Western Political Thought, chapters 5, 6, 7
- Else Wiestad, Empowerment Inside Patriarchy: Rousseau and the Masculine Construction of Femininity, from Feminist interpretations of Jean Jacques Rousseau, edited by Linda Lange, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002
- Penny Weiss and Ann Harper, Rousseau Political Defense of Sex-Roled Family, from Feminist interpretations of Jean Jacques Rousseau, edited by Linda Lange, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2002
Vindicating the Rights of Women: Mary Wollstonecraft
Liberal Feminism: John Stuart Mill

- Mary Wollstonecraft, excerpt from A Vindication of the Rights of Women, in The Feminist Papers, edited by Alice Rossi, pp. 40-85
- John Stuart Mill, excerpt from The Sujection of Women, in The Feminist Papers, edited by Alice Rossi, pp.196-238
- Susan Moller Okin, Women in Western Political Thought, chapter 9







Week 5
Constructing Liberal Feminism in the US: The 19th Century Women’s Rights Movement


- Alice Rossi, Introduction: Social Roots of the Woman’s Movement in America, in The Feminist Papers, pp. 241- 281
- From Abolition to Sex Equality: Sarah Grimké (1792-1837) and Angelina Grimké (1805-1879), in The Feminist Papers, pp. 306-322
- Alice Rossi, Along the Suffrage Trail, in The Feminist Papers, pp. 407-412
- Excerpt from the History of Woman Suffrage, in The Feminist Papers, Seneca Falls Convention, pp. 413-421
- Akron Convention and Sojourner Truth, in The Feminist Papers, pp. 426-29
Contemporary feminist perspectives on patriarchy.

- Virginia Woolf, excerpt from A Room of One’s Own, in The Feminist Papers, pp. 627-652
- Simone de Beauvoir, excerpt from The Second Sex, in The Feminist Papers, pp. 674-705

Week 6

Is Multiculturalism Bad For Women?, edited by Susan Moller Okin, Princeton University Press, 1999

The course is aimed at providing students with the basic notions of international law and to introduce them to a critical appraisal of the main current global problems according to a systemic and realist-constructivist approach. The syllabus varies with the credits. This is the 8-credit syllabus:

Introduction

I. The state system and the governance of humankind

1. The state system and the international community

2. Inter-state creation and intra-state application of international law

a. General international law
b. Treaties
c. Binding acts of international organizations
d. Relationships between international law sources
e. The dynamics of international law sources
f. Intra-state application of international law rules

3. The allocation of the governmental authority of the states

a. Criteria of allocation of state jurisdiction
b. Delimitation of the spaces in which state jurisdiction is exercised

II. International rules protecting common values of humankind

1. Interstate order

a. Immunity of organs of foreign states
b. Jurisdictional immunity of foreign states
c. Jurisdictional immunity of international organizations

2. The human person

a. Foreign nationals
b. Human rights
c. Humanitarian international law
d. International crimes

3. Sustainable economy

a. World Trade Organization (WTO)
b. GATT
c. Foreign investment
d. Sustainable development
e. Environment

4. Global security

a. Transnational crime
b. Prohibition of the use of force
c. The UN Security system
d. Disarmament and non-proliferation of WMDs

III. International responsibility and international settlement of disputes

1. International responsibility

a. International responsibility of states
b. International responsibility of international organizations
c. International responsibility of individuals

2. International settlement of disputes

a. Adjudication
b. Diplomacy

Textbooks, with further references (in several languages):


9 cfu:

1. Carlo Focarelli,  Diritto internazionale (Milano, Kluwer/Cedam, 2023, 7th edn), except for the paragraphs written in a smaller font-size.

6 cfu:

1. Carlo Focarelli,  Diritto internazionale (Milano, Kluwer/Cedam, 2023, 7a edn), Part I and Part III, except for the paragraphs written in a smaller font-size.

The syllabus is the same for both attending and non-attending students.

Course title: The Museum in the contemporary debate: traditions and contradictions

Never as intensely as today, and at any latitude in the World, the museum institution is at the center of a debate that constantly questions its traditional status as a place of conservation, study and protection of collections. This course aims to offer a broad overview of the museum and of the Museum Studies (definition, statute, structure, services, spaces, professions) and to analyze some themes dear to Critical Museology, such as decolonization, delocalization, the development of museums of memory and human rights, the relationship with social and economic sciences, etc. The second part of the course will take place in the form of seminars conducted in the museums by students based on individual research. Numerous inspections are planned in the Roman museums.

To pass the exam, the student must demonstrate that he/she has studied in depth:

a) at least one of the following texts:
A Companion to Museum Studies, a cura di S. Macdonald, Malden, Mass., Blackwell, 2006
L. Cataldo, M. Paraventi, Il Museo oggi, Modelli museologici e museografici nell'era della digital transformation, Milano Hoepli 2023


b) at least one of the following texts:
The Curation and Care of Museum Collection, a cura di B.A. Campbell, Ch. Baars, London ; New York, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019
The contemporary Museum: shaping Museums for the Global Now, a cura di S. J. Knell, London, New York, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019
M.T. Fiorio, Il museo nella storia. Dallo “studiolo” alla raccolta pubblica, Milano, Mondadori, 2011
F. Haskell, The ephemeral museum. Old master painting and the rise of the art exhibition, New Haven, Yale University Press, 2000 (trad. it. La nascita delle mostre. I dipinti degli antichi maestri e l’origine delle esposizioni d’arte, Milano-Ginevra, Skira, 2008
S. Costa, D. Poulot, M. Volait (a cura di), The period rooms: allestimenti storici tra arte, collezionismo e museologia, Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2016
M. Ferretti e A.Buzzoni, Musei, in Capire l'Italia. Il Patrimonio storico-artistico, TCI, Milano 1979, pp. 112-131.
S. Verde, Le belle arti e i selvaggi, la scoperta dell’altro, la storia dell’arte e l’invenzione del patrimonio culturale, Venezia, Marsilio, 2019
P.C. Marani, R. Pavoni, Musei, Trasformazioni di un'istituzione dall'età moderna al contemporaneo, Venezia, Marsilio, 2006
M.V. Marini Clarelli, Che cos’è un Museo, Carocci, Roma 2005
Musei italiani del dopoguerra (1945-1977). Ricognizioni storiche e prospettive future, a cura di Valter Curzi, Milano, Skira, 2022.
D. Poulot, Musei e museologia, Jaka book, 2008
D. Jallà, Il museo contemporaneo, nuova edizione aggiornata, Torino Utet 2004
A. Mottola Molfino, Il libro dei musei, Torino, Allemandi, 1998
R. Fontanarossa, Collezionisti e musei. Una storia culturale, Torino, Einaudi, 2022

c) the dossier of articles that will be made available during the course and published on the teacher's bulletin board;

d) he or she must also have visited and analyzed spaces and services of the following Roman museums:
- Musei Capitolini
- Musei Vaticani
- Galleria Nazionale d’arte antica di Palazzo Barberini
- Galleria Nazionale d’arte antica di Palazzo Corsini
- Galleria Spada
- Museo Nazionale di Palazzo Venezia
- Museo di Roma
- Museo Napoleonico
- Museo Mario Praz
- Museo della Centrale Montemartini
- Museo Nazionale Romano
- Museo delle Civiltà
- Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna
- MAXXI
- MACRO
- Palazzo Merulana

In addition to what is indicated here, the non-attending student will have to choose and study two further texts from points a) and / or b).

The course will focus on the political history of energy and on the environmental consequences of the emergence of different energy regimes from the beginning of the 20th Century to the present time.

For everyone (2 books):

1. Textbook:
- Bruce Podobnik, "Global Energy Shifts. Fostering Sustainability in a Turbulent Age"

2. One book among the following:
- Giuliano Garavini, "The Rise and Fall of OPEC in the 20th Century"
- Adam Hanieh, "Crude Capitalism: Oil, Corporate Power, and the Making of the World Market"
- Stephen G. Gross, "Energy and Power: Germany in the Age of Oil, Atoms, and Climate Change"
- Brett Christophers, "The Price is Wrong: Why Capitalism Won't Save the Planet"

3. Only for "non frequentanti", in addition to the above books also:
- Van De Graaf/Sovacool, "Global Energy Politics"

This course provides an in-depth study of fundamental dynamics in international politics. Following an introduction on the history and historiography of IR, the course gives an overview on the main theories of international relations: from realism, institutionalism, and liberalism, through the English school and constructivism, to critical, feminist, post-structuralist, and post-colonial theory. Other approaches to IR - International Political Economy (IPE, including from a green perspective) and Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA) - are also introduced. The theories are applied in class through methods of deep learning and reflected upon in two in-class debates. The first debate focuses on cooperation and competition in international politics; the second on dynamics in a multipolar and multiplex world.
The internalization and applications of these theories is further supported through three modules. The first module on movies and international relations focuses on how films perform and influence our understanding of international politics. Students can choose among a list of movies to watch and write a short narrative analysis paper of two movies. The second module on methodologies in IR introduces key methodological approaches in the discipline and showcases their uses with examples of research. The third module on emerging topics in IR focuses on key topics in international politics analyzed through IR theories.
The course is designed to accommodate both students for whom IR theories are new, as well as those who have already taken an IR course. In this respect, it combines frontal lectures on theories and approaches supported through manuals, didactic methodologies of deep learning used in class, as well as student presentations on key readings in IR which gives students the possibility to directly engage with paradigmatic readings and deepen their understanding of them.

7. Required textbooks:
• Textbook 1: Dunne, Tim, Milya Kurki, and Steve Smith (eds), International Relations Theories. Discipline and Diversity. Oxford: Oxford University Press (4th edition, 2016)
• Textbook 2: Georg Sørensen, Jørgen Møller, Robert Jackson (eds.), Introduction to International Relations: Theories and Approaches. Oxford: Oxford University Press (8th edition, 2021).

8. Bibliography:
Aggestam, Karin, Annika Bergman Rosamond, and Annica Kronsell. 2019. “Theorising Feminist Foreign Policy.” International Relations 33:1, 23–39.
Capan, Zeynep Gulsah. 2017. “Decolonising International Relations?” Third World Quarterly, 38:1, 1–15.
Cox, Robert. 1983. Gramsci, Hegemony and International Relations: An Essay in Method, Millennium, 12:2.
Fraser, Nancy. 2007. “Re-Framing Justice in a Globalizing World.” In (Mis)Recognition, Social Inequality and Social Justice.
Krasner, Stephen D. 1982. “Structural causes and regime consequences: regimes as intervening variables”, International Organization, 36:02, 185-205.
Linklater, Andrew. 2010. “The English School Conception of International Society: Reflections on Western and non-Western Perspectives”, Ritsumeikan Annual Review of International Studies, 9, 1-13.
Malksoo, Maria. 2012. “The challenge of liminality for International Relations theory,” Review of International Studies, 38:2.
Manners, Ian. 2023. “Arrival of Normative Power in Planetary Politics.” Journal of Common Market Studies.
Moravcsik, Andrew. 1997. “Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics,” International Organization 51:4, 513–53.
Morgenthau, Hans. 1948. “Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace”, McGraw-Hill, Chapter 1.
Richter-Montpetit, Melanie. 2018. “Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Sex (in IR) But Were Afraid to Ask: The ‘Queer Turn’ in International Relations,” Millennium 46:2, 220–40.
Waltz, Kenneth M. 1979. “Theory of International Politics”, Waveland Press, Chapters 5-6.
Wendt, Alexander. 1992. “Anarchy is What States Make of It: the Social Construction of Power Politics” in International Organization, 46:2, pp. 391-425.

Seminars intend to discuss and scientifically analyze some of the most important aspects concerning Italian history of racism, their connections with contemporary forms of racial discrimination and the experiences of collective and individual resistance which constitute Italian antiracism. Racism will be always analyzed in an intersectional perspective, that is recognizing the mutual reproduction of it in the intersection with other social relationships of oppression based on gender, class, sexuality, religion.

Texts will be available to the students during the course.

This workshop aims to be an introduction to the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and will be structured in two parts, one more theoretical and one more applied.
The first part will give a general presentation of the 2030 Agenda, its origins, signatory and non-signatory countries (etc.) but above all the 17 Sustainable Development Goals commonly known as the SDGs of the 2030 Agenda will be examined. Ample space will be devoted to the critical discussion of the structure of the Agenda and of the links between its various objectives, both in terms of complementarity and in terms of possible contradictions.
The second part will then explore some of the Agenda's objectives, with a particular focus on the revitalization of marginal areas. Depending on the specific interests and/or the chosen study plans, questions will be asked about the "dimensions" of the marginality of people and geographical areas and about the various forms of exploitation that can arise from them. This analysis can be conducted both in Italy and in other European countries or on other continents.
At the same time, those who follow the workshop will be guided in the collective creation of audiovisual products, to promote the dissemination of the research carried out.

Identification of material during the laboratory.
Main reference:
https://asvis.it/agenda-2030/

The texts will be indicated during the meetings

Never before in recent years has the idea of Europe been at the center of public debate: for some, it is the only lifeline against nationalism and war; for others, it is the ultimate cause of all our problems and woes, especially economic ones. The invasion of Ukraine by Vladimir Putin's Russia in February 2022 has not only revived the classic themes of war and peace in public discourse but also brought back into focus the issue of the eastern expansion of the concept of Europe, a question with extraordinary historical depth.
Only a profound understanding of the long-term history of European civilization and its interactions with other civilizations around the globe can allow us to decode issues that only superficially appear to be purely contemporary. In the first part of the course, we will focus on the evolution of the notion of Europe, the various thoughts about Europe, and the long-term development of European consciousness. In the second part, we will delve into the phenomenon of exodus and internal migrations within the continent for religious reasons: whether voluntary or forced, they are the dramatic outcome of the process of confessionalization and the construction of modern statehood, characterized by the pursuit of purity through the expulsion and marginalization of religious diversity

First section: 'History of Europe: ideas, perspectives, reflections' (6 ECTS)

Reference books:

Lucien Febvre, L’Europa. Storia di una civiltà, Roma, Donzelli.
Federico Chabod, Storia dell’Idea d’Europa, Roma-Bari, Laterza.
Additional book for students who will not attend the lessons: Egidio Ivetic, Studiare la storia del Mediterraneo, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2024


Second section: "The Europe of exoduses and migrations 'religionis causa'".

Reference books:

Nicholas Terpstra, Purezza e fede. Esuli religiosi nell’Europa moderna, Bologna, Il Mulino.
Bruno Pomara Saverino, Rifugiati. I moriscos e l'Italia, Firenze, Firenze University Press, scaricabile gratuitamente dal sito: https://www.fupress.com/catalogo/rifugiati/3516

Those who only need to take 6 ECTS are required to study the first teaching unit.
IT IS POSSIBLE TO USE THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY STARTING FROM JUNE-JULY 2025, EXCLUSIVELY.

The aim of the course is to analyse the history of European systems in the second half of the 20th century from the angle of Italy, highlighting common challenges and national specificities.

For bureaucratic-administrative reasons the course is divided into two modules of 6 CFU each. Despite this, the lectures will follow a thematic pattern common to both modules. The topics of the books in the second module (‘Berlusconism’ and one of the countries of choice) will in fact already be addressed in the lectures on the first module. In short, the distinction is purely bureaucratic and not one of content. Attendance is therefore recommended to all for the entire duration of the course, regardless of the number of Cfu to be recorded.

In any case, since the bureaucratic subdivision is there, then in defining the syllabuses and course books the distinction should be made

TEMA:
L’Europa nella seconda metà del XX secolo e l’emergere dei movimenti populisti
TESTI:
- Leonardo Rapone (a cura di), "L’Europa del novecento", Carocci, 2020, da pag. 149 a pag. 436
- Marco Tarchi, L’Italia populista, Il Mulino, 2015

In più, A SCELTA, UNO dei seguenti temi, con relativi testi

TEMA: "L'Italia nelle trasformazioni internazionali tra la fine del XX secolo e l'inizio del XXI secolo"
TESTO: "L’Italia contemporanea dagli anni Ottanta a oggi", Carocci, Roma, 2015
- Vol. I, "Fine della guerra fredda e globalizzazione" a cura di Silvio Pons, Adriano Roccucci, Federico Romero
Chi sceglie questo volume deve studiare i saggi di:
- Federico Romero, "L'Italia nelle trasformazioni sociali di fine Novecento", pp. 15-34;
- Silvio Pons, "La bipolarità italiana e la fine della Guerra Fredda", pp. 35-53,
- Valerio Castronovo, "L’Italia nel mercato globale", pp. 71-83;
- Antonio Varsori, "Dalla caduta del Muro di Berlino a Tangentopoli: la dimensione internazionale della crisi della Prima Repubblica”, pp. 209-222;
- Daniela Preda, "Il lungo travaglio istituzionale europeo (1992-2012)", pp. 299-315

TEMA: "Mutamento sociale e cambiamento dei costumi nell'Italia tra la fine del XX e l'inizio del XXI secolo.
TESTO: "L’Italia contemporanea dagli anni Ottanta a oggi", Carocci, Roma, 2015
- Vol. II, "Il mutamento sociale", a cura di Enrica Asquer, Emanuele Bernardi, Carlo Fumian.
Chi sceglie questo volume deve studiare i saggi di:
- Chiara Saraceno, "Famiglie, rapporti di genere e generazioni, politiche sociali", pp. 81-97
- Paolo Capuzzo, "I consumi tra economia e cultura nell’Italia del dopo boom (1973-2008)", pp. 179-197,
- Emanuela Scarpellini, "Consumi e attori sociali: le nuove identità dei consumatori italiani", pp. 199-210,
- Stefano Cavazza, "Consumi, società e politica in Italia (1980-2000)", pp. 211-225
- Giovanni Gozzini, "La televisione tra due repubbliche", pp. 227-242

TEMA: Il Sistema politico degli anni Ottanta, la crisi e il crollo, "Tangentopoli", l'avvento di Berlusconi, il nuovo sistema politico bipolare tra fine XX e inizio XXI secolo
TESTO: "L’Italia contemporanea dagli anni Ottanta a oggi", Carocci, Roma, 2015
- Vol. III, "Istituzioni e politica", a cura di Simona Colarizi, Agostino Giovagnoli, Paolo Pombeni.
Chi sceglie questo volume deve studiare i saggi di:
- Simona Colarizi, "Politica e antipolitica dalla Prima alla Seconda repubblica", pp. 333-347;
- Paolo Segatti, "La nascita della Lega: un capitolo di una storia che ci appartiene", pp. 351-360;
- Filippo Sbrana. Nord non chiama Sud. Genesi e sviluppi della questione settentrionale", pp. 361-381
- Gianfranco Baldini, "Forza Italia: un partito unico", pp. 423-435;
- Andrea Possieri, "Un riformismo incompiuto: il primo governo Prodi", pp. 509-528.

I tre volumi da cui sono estratti i saggi, oltre ad essere acquistabili nelle librerie, sono disponibili presso la Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, la Biblioteca di Storia Moderna e Contemporanea di Via Caetani, nonché le biblioteche dei principali istituti culturali, la cui collocazione è immediatamente rilevabile sul sito del sistema bibliotecario Nazionale, SBN.
In più, ne è stata fatta richiesta di acquisizione presso il Sistema Bibliotecario di Ateneo di Roma Tre.
Nel caso ci fossero difficoltà a reperirli, una copia in Pdf sarà caricata sulla piattaforma Moodle


Per il MODULO DUE, vanno studiati i seguenti temi, coi relativi testi

1) Il “Berlusconismo”, come fenomeno sociale e politico in una prospettiva comparativa internazionale
TESTO: Giovanni Orsina, "Il Berlusconismo nella storia d‘Italia", Marsilio, Venezia, 2013

2) Un approfondimento sulla storia politico sociale di uno dei principali paesi europei.
TESTI: portare UNO A SCELTA fra i seguenti testi:
- Riccardo Brizzi, Michele Marchi, "Storia politica della Francia repubblicana", Le Monnier, 2011, dal cap. 5 alla fine;
- Giulia Guazzaloca, "Storia della Gran Bretagna 1832-2014", Le Monnier, 2015, dal cap. 9 alla fine;
- Gustavo Corni, "Storia della Germania", Il Saggiatore, Milano, 2017, dal cap. 8 alla fine;
- Carmelo Adagio, Alfonso Botti, “Storia della Spagna democratica”, Bruno Mondadori, 2006

The course focuses on the crisis of the "developmentist" modernity, analyzing its original features and its institutional and regulative evolutions, in connection with the changing characters of social theory.
In the final part, we will try to imagine the features of a post-development society, taking inspiration from the "meridian thinking" by Franco Cassano.
Teaching language: English.

- O. Romano, "The sociology of knowledge in a time of crisis. Challenging the phantom of liberty", Routledge, New York & London 2014.
- F. Cassano, "Southern thought. And other essays on the Mediterranean", Fordham University Press, New York 2012.

Module 1: Preliminaries
Development Economics: An Overview
Understanding Development: Concepts and Definitions
Historical Perspectives on Development Thought
Assessing the State of Development

Module 2: Poverty
Theoretical Approaches & empirical Issues
Social Programs

Module 3: Inequality
Theoretical Approaches & empirical Issues

Module 4: Economic Growth
Stylized Facts of Economic Growth
The Solow Model: A Framework for Understanding Growth
Applying the Solow Model to Real-world Contexts
Public Spending and its Impact on Economic Growth

Module 5: Conflict and Development
Determinants of Conflict
The Interplay between Conflict and Development
Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Development

Alain De Janvry & Elisabeth Sadoulet (2021) Development Economics, Theory and Practice (Second edition). Routledge, New York.
Jurgen Brauer & J. Paul Dunne (2012) Peace Economics: A Macroeconomic Primer for Violence-afflicted States. United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington, DC.

Syllabus

1.Inequality between countries and within countries: definition and measures
2.Uneven growth: stylized facts and questions; Cross-country income differences
3. Economic institutions, growth and poverty traps
4. Distributional justice and inequality
a. Income inequality
b. Inequality of opportunity
c.Social mobility and intergenerational inequality
5. Inequality and redistribution: economic and political drivers
6. Inequality and labour market
a. Wage inequality: theory and evidence
b. Race and gender in the labour market
c. Discrimination: theory and evidence
7. Climate change: effects on the labor market
8. Inequality in Italy
a. Income inequality
b. Wealth inequality
c. Wage inequality

Reading list available in the course material, MTeams

Through a critical-thinking approach, the course analyzes the emergence of capitalism in the medieval age up to contemporary society by covering the main forms of capitalism (merchant, industrial and financial) and the thought of Smith, Marx, Weber, Schumpeter, Keynes and Hayek.

Attending students:

Michel Beaud, A History of Capitalism, 1500-2000, Monthly Review Press, New York 2002.

plus a further book:

Fernand Braudel, Afterthoughts on Material Civilization and Capitalism, Johns Hopkins Univiversity Press, Baltimora 1979.

The EU Law course is basically divided into two parts. The general part covers the process of European integration, the Union's spheres of action, the institutional framework, sources of law, the system of jurisdictional guarantees, the relationship between Union law and domestic law.
The second, special part regards the essentials of internal market law, i.e. the concept of the internal market, the free movement of goods, the free movement of persons, the right of establishment and the freedom to provide services.

R. Baratta, Il sistema istituzionale dell'Unione europea, Wolters Kluwer Cedam (ultima edizione)

AAVV, Diritto dell'Unione europea. Parte speciale (a cura di Strozzi e MastroiannI) Giappichelli, Torino, ultima edizione (primi cinque capitoli)

The goal of the course is to give students a comprehensive understanding of the main aspects of European Union integration. The course is articulated into two parts: the first analyzes the general framework of the European Union's legal order, while the second focuses on developments in the internal market. A comprehensive analysis of the leading cases in the ECJ will be integrated into both parts.

The program is divided into a general part and a special part.


General Part:

A. Adinolfi, C. Morviducci, Elementi di diritto dell'Unione europea, Giappichelli Editore, 2020.

Special Part:

L. Daniele, Diritto del mercato unico europeo e dello spazio di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia, Quarta Edizione, Giuffrè Editore, 2019 (Capitoli I, II, III, IV, IV).

A historical perspective on religions must grasp the stratification of their presence on the territory and reconstruct their dynamics and strategies: since 2007, more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas and cities have become the privileged space of contestations, conflicts, negotiation of interests, creation of symbolic resources and capital concerning religion. Innovations and trends concerning religious beliefs and practices are created in cities. Theoretical knowledge will be provided on the concept of religious space/place, the results of empirical research on the presence of religious places in increasingly plural spaces also due to migration movements and diaspora processes.

The main case study will be that of shared religious places. In particular, places where religions coexist in public spaces and in urban and suburban contexts will be analysed. In particular, studies on the relationship between space and religion: from the geography of religion to the geographies of religions.

Theories, concepts, terminology, methods related to the study of religious places and the location of the sacred in space through materiality and planning relations will be exposed and discussed.

Attending Students

1. Course notes and readings indicated in the course (see online teaching materials and additional material to be distributed by the lecturer during lectures)

2. C. Russo, A. Saggioro, Roma città plurale, Bulzoni 2018 or
M.Giorda, M. Burchardt, Materializzare la tolleranza: luoghi multireligiosi tra conflitto e adattamento. “Annali di Studi Religiosi” 20, 2019 (open access - on line).
or D. Albera, M. Couroucli, I luoghi sacri comuni ai monoteismi. Tra cristianesimo, ebraismo e islam. Brescia, Morcelliana, 2013.
or M. Giorda, La Chiesa romena in Italia, Viella 2023

3. Sessione monografica di Humanitas 2021 su “Ecologia e religioni” (curato da B. Nuti)

Not attending students:
1. C. Russo, A. Saggioro, Roma città plurale, Bulzoni 2018 and
M.Giorda, M. Burchardt, Materializzare la tolleranza: luoghi multireligiosi tra conflitto e adattamento. “Annali di Studi Religiosi” 20, 2019 (open access - on line).

2. D. Albera, M. Couroucli, I luoghi sacri comuni ai monoteismi. Tra cristianesimo, ebraismo e islam. Brescia, Morcelliana, 2013.

3. Sessione monografica di Humanitas 2021 su “Ecologia e religioni” (ed B. Nuti)

Introduction: from Kievan Rus' to Ivan IV the Terrible; The First Modernisation of Russia: Peter the Great and the birth of a Great Power; The long Russian 19th century from the Napoleonic wars to the reforms of Alexander II; The Russia of Nicholas II: The contradictions of an impetuous and disorderly development; The First World War and the end of a world; The Bolshevik revolution, its origins and affirmation; The Russian civil wars and the origins of the Soviet state; The NEP, the rise of Stalin, Collectivisation, industrialisation and the birth of Stalin's USSR; The Great Terror; The Comintern, Communist parties and traditional foreign policy; The Second World War; Victory and the birth of a superpower; The Cold War: The USSR and the West; Chhrushchev and the 20th Congress of the PCUS; The Brezhnev years: consolidation and stagnation; The impossible reform of the system: Gorbachev between perestroika and glasnost'; The end of the USSR and the birth of the Russian Federation; Yeltsin and the age of turbulence; A new strongman? Putin the new Russia and its wars: ambitions and contradictions of a regime.

1) A. Graziosi, L'Unione Sovietica 1914-1991, Bologna, Il Mulino

3) F. Benvenuti, Russia oggi, dalla caduta dell'Unione sovietica ai nostri giorni, Roma, Carocci.

for non-attending students: P. Paul Bushkovitch, Breve storia della Russia. dalle origini a Putin, Torino, Einaudi

After a short historical and methodological introduction, students will be introduced to the most relevant themes and trends of the Islamic debate from the end of the 19th century until today. Topics covered include: Islam and modernity; the Reformist Movement (salafiyya); Islam and Nationalism; Political Islam in its declinations; Islamic Feminism. Part of the course will be dedicated to the Orientalist Representations and Distorsions of Contemporary Islam and Muslims.
Eventually, students will be invited to read primary texts, among those available, according to their languages knowledge.

C. Texts:

1. M. Campanini, Il pensiero islamico contemporaneo, Bologna: Il Mulino, 2016.
2. P. Caridi, Hamas. Dalla resistenza al regime. Nuova edizione, Milano: Feltrinelli, 2023.
3. One of the following (see teaching mode) :

- Sayyid Qutb, La battaglia tra Islam e capitalismo, Venezia: Marcianum Press, 2016;
- Sayyid Qutb, Milestones, disponibile a https://www.kalamullah.com/Books/Milestones%20Special%20Edition.pdf
- Sadik al-Azm, La tragedia del diavolo. Fede, ragione e potere nel mondo arabo, Roma: LUISS Press, 2016,
- Ruhollah Khomeyni, Il governo islamico, Il cerchio, 2006.
- Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd, Islam e storia, Torino: Bollati Boringhieri
- Tariq Ramadan, Islam e libertà , Torino: Einaudi, 2008
- T. Ramadan, Essere musulmano europeo, Troina (EN): Città Aperta, 2002
- T. Ramadan, Il riformismo islamico. Un secolo di rinnovamento musulmano, Troina (EN): Città Aperta, 2004.
- T. Ramadan, Islam and the Arab Awakening, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
- Hasan Hanafi, La teologia islamica della liberazione, Milano: Jaca Book, 2018.
- Abdou Filali-Ansary, Reformer l'Islam, Paris: La Découverte, 2004
- Mehran Kamrava (ed), The New Voices of Islam, London: IB Tauris, 2006,
- Mohammed ‘Abid El-Jabri, La ragione araba, Milano: Feltrinelli, 1995,
- Fatema Mernissi, Islam e democrazia, Firenze: Giunti, 2002
- F. Mernissi, L’harem e l’Occidente, Firenze: Giunti, 2006
- F. Mernissi, Le donne del profeta. La condizione femminile nell'Islam, Genova: ECIG, 1992.
- Amina Wadud, Il Corano e la donna. Rileggere il testo sacro da una prospettiva di genere, Cantalupa (TO): Effata’, 2012
- Amina Wadud, Inside the Gender Jihad. Women’s Reform In Islam, Oxford: Oneworld, 2006.
- ‘Ali ‘Abd el-Raziq, Islam and the Foundations of Political Power, Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2012 (1925). Disponibile a: http://ecommons.aku.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=uk_ismc_series_intranslation
- Muhammad ‘Abduh, Trattato sull’unicità divina, Bologna: il ponte, 2003.
- Asef Bayat, Making Islam Democratic, Stanford: Stanford UP, 2007
- Khaled Abou El-Fadl, Islam and the Challenge of Democracy, Princeton: Princeton UP, 2004
- Khaled Abou El-Fadl, The Great Theft, NY: Harper, 2007
- Farid Esack, Qur’an: Liberation and Pluralism, Oxford: Oneworld, 1996;
- Mohammad A. Lahbabi, Il personalismo musulmano, Milano: Jaca Book, 2017.
- Hamid Dabashi, Islamic Liberation Theology: Resisting the Empire, London & NY: Rouledge, 2008.
- Jawdat Said, Vie islamiche alla nonviolenza, Zikkaron, 2017

Students can propose books not included above.

IMPORTANT: Students without prior knowledge of Islam, MUST read also:

- L. Declich, L’Islam in 20 parole, Roma-Bari: Laterza, 2016;
- P. G. Donini, Il mondo islamico. Breve storia dal ‘500 ad oggi, Roma-Bari: Laterza, ultima edizione.


or an an introductory textbook to Islam to choose among:

A. Bausani, Islam, Rizzoli, ultima edizione;

or

- G. Filoramo (a cura di), Islam, Laterza, ultima edizione.

or

- Carole Hillenbrand, Islam. Una nuova introduzione storica, Torino: Einaudi, 2016.

Main topics covered in the course:
Ancient and modern historiographical issues: the modalities of the Spanish conquest.
The formation of contemporary Latin America: the abolition of slavery in the nineteenth century.
Latin America in the twentieth century: economy, society, institutions, culture.
The current geopolitical continental situation.
Debate on economic development. Environment and access to resources. The indigenous minorities.

The examination is composed by two part: general part; monographic part.
General Part. One of the following books:
-De Giuseppe M., La Bella G., Storia dell’America Latina contemporanea, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2019;
-Zanatta, L., Storia dell’America latina contemporanea, Roma, Laterza, 2015 (or new edition).

Monographic part. One of the following books:
-Carmagnani, M., Le connessioni mondiali e l’Atlantico 1450-1850, Torino, Einaudi, 2018.
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., La questione indigena in Perù, Roma, Bulzoni, 2010 (L’antologia di testi è parte essenziale del libro).
-Rojas Mix, M., I cento nomi d’America, Firenze, Le Lettere, 2005.
-Vangelista C., Scatti sugli indios. Ricerche di storia visiva, Aracne, Collana “America e Americhe. Storia, relazioni, immagini”, Roma, 2018.
-Vargas Llosa, A., Libertà per l’America latina. Come porre fine a cinquecento anni di oppressione dello Stato, Soveria Mannelli, Rubbettino, 2007.
-Nocera R., Wulzer, P., L'America Latina nella politica internazionale. Dalla fine del sistema bipolare alla crisi dell'ordine liberale, Roma, Carocci, 2020

The course examines the historical and political trajectory of the Middle East and North Africa from the Colonial Era until today. The students will be introduced to the debate on Orientalism, its role in the colonial era, and its relevance until today. A particular focus will be on the post-colonial era. Among the topics covered there will be: State formation, the role of ideologies (both secular and religious) in the shaping of the region, the intra-regional and international relations of the Region and the so-called ‘Arab Spring’. Students are expected to actively participate to the course.
All the available teaching materials, the announcements and all that is related to this course will be posted on the course webpage (https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1-SU_oOYtEuo5xuBrjJtoSwfxcwUEK7AW).

REQUIRED READINGS:


R. Owen, State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East, Routledge: London & New York: 2004.
J. Chalcraft, “The Arab Uprisings of 2011 in Historical Perspective” in The Oxford Handbook of Contemporary Middle-Eastern and North African History, 2016 (available as a pdf file on the course website).
G. Achcar, “The Seasons after the Arab Spring”, Le Monde Diplomatique, June 2019 (available as a pdf file on the course website).
A. Shatz, "Israel's Descent", London Review of Books, June 2024, https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v46/n12/adam-shatz/israel-s-descent?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR2VDYTvkWvPI5eh_YeF-a_EywKtSNhn0KHJhfYTe0l5VV1K8CHB8-mtvB0_aem_Aa4fZ_8aPf0b9SoRz2UWYOlU2s2YSBLMq3rjTlcSqT0WFHyHnyteanJHgNbuqvSooe_CT-hzW2Uk-unayRal5ZRO(available as a pdf file on the course website)

One of the following:

G. Achcar, The People Want. A Radical Exploration of the Arab Uprising, London: Saqi, 2013.
G. Achcar, Morbid Symptoms. Relapse in the Arab Uprisings, London: Saqi, 2016.
L. Anceschi, G. Gervasio & A. Teti (eds), Informal Power in the Greater Middle East. Hidden Geographies, London: Routledge, 2014 & 2016.
M. Aouragh & H. Hamouchene (eds), The Arab Uprisings. A Decade of Struggles, TNI & RLS, 2021, available online at: The Arab uprisings: A decade of struggles - Longreads
A. Bayat, Revolution without Revolutionaries: Making Sense of the Arab Spring, Stanford: Stanford UP, 2017.
A. Bayat, Revolutionary Life. The Everyday of the Arab Spring, Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2021
F. Cavatorta & L. Storm (eds), Political Parties in the Arab World: Continuity and Change, Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2018.
S. Cook, False Dawn: Protest, Democracy, and Violence in the New Middle East, Oxford: Oxford UP, 2017.
Corrao FM - Redaelli R (eds), States, Actors and Geopolitical Drivers in the Mediterranean. Perspectives on the New Centrality in a Changing Region, PalgraveMacMillan, 2021.
F. A. Gerges, ISIS: A History, Princeton: Princeton UP, 2017.
Sune Haugbolle and Mark LeVine (eds.), Altered States: The Remaking of the Political in the Arab World, London, Routledge, 2022.
Marc Owen Jones, Digital Authoritarianism in the Middle East: Deception, Disinformation and Social Media, Hurst/Oxford University Press, 2022.
A. Khalil (ed), Gender, Women and the Arab Spring, London & NY: Routledge, 2015.
H. Kraetzschmar & P. Rivetti (eds), Islamists and the Politics of the Arab Uprisings: Governance, Pluralisation and Contention, Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2018.
Mark LeVine, We'll Play till We Die: Journeys across a Decade of Revolutionary Music in the Muslim World, University of California Press, 2022.
Shamiran Mako and Valentine M. Moghadam, After the Arab Uprisings: Progress and Stagnation in the Middle East and North Africa, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2021.
R. Owen, The Rise and Fall of Arab Presidents for Life, Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2014.
J. Saab (ed.), A region in revolt: Mapping the recent uprisings in North Africa and West Asia, Ottawa: Daraja Press, 2020.
R. Stephan and Mounira M. Charrad (eds), Women Rising: In and Beyond the Arab Spring: New York, New York University Press, 2020.
I. Szmolka (ed.), Political Change in the Middle East and North Africa: After the Arab Spring, Edinburgh, Edinburgh UP, 2017.
Ch. Tripp, The Power and the People: Paths of Resistance in the Middle East, Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2013.


IMPORTANT! Students without any prior knowledge of the History of the MENA, must read one of the following textbooks:

W. Cleveland & M. Bunton, A History of the Modern Middle East, Boulder: Westview Press, 2016,
Betty Anderson, A History of the Modern Middle East, Stanford: Stanford UP, 2016.

The course analyzes the historical evolution of China and its relations with the surrounding region, focusing on the main processes that occurred in the Far East. The course will discuss specific aspects of the history of the Chinese continent, and then focus on the recent transformation of the People's Republic of China. That transformation will be discussed in-depth, to understand the political, economic, social and cultural processes it produced, and its global and regional impact.

By the end of the course, students:

1. will master the fundamental turning points in the history of China from 1911 to 2020
2. will be aware that to understand historical phenomena and historical figures it is necessary to place them in their respective temporal and spatial contexts
3. will be able to reason about the causal relationships that link the different periods of the history of contemporary China, and which juxtapose the different realities of Sinic civilization
4. will be aware of the factors that have led and still lead to the existence of often widely divergent narrations, interpretations and perceptions

ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

By the end of the course, students:

1. will be able to use their knowledge of Chinese history to identify the root of different narratives, representations and arguments
2. will be able to independently organize the study of a period, a phenomenon, a figure linked to the history of contemporary China
3. will be able to use the history of China to enrich their arguments and the knowledge acquired through attendance of other courses
4. will be able to undertake a course of specialized studies in the field of area, historical or international studies

Autonomy of judgement

By the end the course, students:

1. will be able to compare even very divergent interpretations of the same period, phenomenon, historical figure and evaluate them, arriving at their own opinion
2. will be able to identify narratives and representations of Chinese history inspired by different historiographical approaches and currents

Communication skills:

By the end of the course, students:

1. will be able to take part in a discussion regarding controversial or highly divisive issues by supporting their point of view through a calm and reasoned argument, formed on the basis of their readings
2. will be able to listen to the reasons of those who hold very different points of view, arriving at their own evaluation and expressing their opinion in a manner that respects the opinion of others
3. will be able to communicate in a clear and well-organized way, using a linguistic register appropriate to an academic context

1. Guido Samarani, La Cina contemporanea. Dalla fine dell’Impero ad oggi, Torino, Einaudi, 2017
2. (alternatively or in addition to the former textbook) R. Keith Schoppa, Revolution and its Past. Fourth Edition. New York and London: Routledge, 2020.

• Integrated approach between economics and environment
• Sustainable development
• Environmental degradation and market failures
• The Coase's Theorem
• Environmental taxes and environmental standards
• Tradable permits
• Other policy instruments: environmental subsidies and liability
• Cost-benefit analysis
• Economics of climate change
• Economics of natural resources
• Economics of natural disasters
• Circular economy and the just and sustainable transition

Turner KR, Pearce DW, Bateman I (2003) Economia Ambientale, Il Mulino.

Additional teaching material prepared by the lecturer (e.g. slides, lecture notes, publications on scientific journals) will be available on the Moodle platform.

Arguments considered are: sampling and non sampling error, simple random sampling, cluster and stratified sampling, confidence interval, introduction to simple and multiple regression.

Besides the didactic material available on-line, it is adviced to use the following book:

CORBETTA P., GASPERONI G., PISATI M., STATISTICA PER LA RICERCA SOCIALE, IL MULINO, BOLOGNA, 2001.
Chapters and sections to study on the text of Corbetta, Gasperoni and Pisati
Chapter 6: all (except piece-wise linear regression on page. 171) chapter 7: all (not function and use of ratios and not dxy section 5.) Chapter 8: all (except for section 2.3) chapter 10 all (in sections 3.1 e 3.2 excluded the formulas that do not regard the estimate of the population mean).

Internet Architecture
Web Server, DNS, TCP-IP, Client-server architecture,

Digital Humanities Essentials
Metadata, XML, Digital archives, digital preservation, persistent identifiers

Database SQL – Design and Implementation
E-R design method, SQL language, CRUD, Concurrency

Introduction to Programming Techniques
Imperative programming – basic logic structures and algorithms
Object-oriented Programming introduction.

Python Programming Languages and DJANGO Framework
Syntax, variables, structures.

Introduction to Semantic Web
Ontologies, RDF, Wikidata

Introduction to No-SQL database and Vectorial Database

Project
Design and implementation of a web-based dynamic application

https://www.w3schools.com/django/
https://www.dublincore.org/
https://www.w3schools.com/python/

Study of groups in social psychology
Roles, norms, status and group functions
Phenomena in group dynamics
Power and leadership
Intra-groups and inter-groups interactions
Inter-groups relationships and social categorization
Inter-groups conflicts
Stereotype decostruction and prejudice reduction
Communication and social influence in group

- Donelson R. Forsyth. Psicologia dei gruppi (a cura di Livi, Maricchiolo, Mosso) EDRA. 2022
- Monografia:
Bonaiuto, M. & Maricchiolo, F. (2009). La comunicazione non verbale (seconda edizione). Carocci, Roma.

In contemporary societies the arts affect the public discourse, becoming agency of social transformation and contributing to the creation of new cultural meanings, laboratory for the civil society, space and place for shaping the collective and public memories of controversial events, arenas where gender identities, ethnicity and social classes are socially constructed.
The first part of the course will aim at studying artistic production and politics of cultural consumption. It will focus on the following topics: theories of the "author's death", theories of reception, art as social practice, the institutional definitions of artistic value, cases of " non-recognition " and plagiarism, politics of genius, canonization and practices of social exclusion, theories of cultural capital, relationship between art and advertising, the role of social media in the production of artistic reputations and in relation to the "arts worlds", artistic intermediation processes and their social effects.
The second part will concern art institutions. It will address the following topics: activism, art and the public sphere, cancel culture, monuments in the urban space, art as memory technology, cultural consumption of the past and the role of the arts in shaping the public memory of very contested pasts, sociology of museums and politics of museum exhibition, representation of ethnic identities in museums, museums as technology of gender, multimedia arts.

1) Vera L. Zolberg, (2011) Constructing a Sociology of the Arts, Cambridge University Press, New York.
2) Anna Lisa Tota, and Trever Hagen (2016), Routledge International Handbook of Memory Studies, (eds.), Routledge, London chapters n. 1, 2, 6, 19, 30, and 31.

The course aims at introducing students to the comparative methodology and to the main legal systems consolidated globally. The approach will be both from an historical perspective and from one taking into consideration the main and current intersections between legal systems, highlighting similarities, convergences and competition between models and taking into account the developments deriving from the process of supranational harmonization of laws.
The program will focus on:
-the civil law tradition
-the common law tradition
-the tradition of Nordic systems
-the Islamic tradition
-the Hindi tradition
-the Confucian tradition
-the process of supranational harmonization of laws

V. Varano – V. Barsotti, La tradizione giuridica occidentale, Giappichelli, Torino, 2021
G. Calabresi, Il mestiere di giudice. Pensieri di un accademico americano, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2013

PROGRAM

The course aims at introducing students to the comparative methodology and to the main legal systems consolidated globally. The approach will be both from an historical perspective and from one taking into consideration the main and current intersections between legal systems, highlighting similarities, convergences and competition between models and taking into account the developments deriving from the process of supranational harmonization of laws.
The program will focus on:
-the civil law tradition
-the common law tradition
-the tradition of Nordic systems
-the Islamic tradition
-the Hindi tradition
-the Confucian tradition
-convergence and circulation between legal traditions
-the process of supranational harmonization of laws

TEXTBOOKS:
Students can prepare on the following textbooks:
1) V. Varano – V. Barsotti, La tradizione giuridica occidentale, latest edition, Giappichelli, Torino

and


2) G. Calabresi, Il mestiere di giudice. Pensieri di un accademico americano, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2013

TEXTBOOKS:

Students can prepare on the following textbooks:

1) V. Varano – V. Barsotti, La tradizione giuridica occidentale, Giappichelli, Torino, latest ed.

and

2) G. Calabresi, Il mestiere di giudice. Pensieri di un accademico americano, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2013

The course aims at introducing students to the legal traditions of the world, and namely with those traditions with whom the Italian legal system has major contacts. The study of the traditions will be conducted both from a historical and a comparative perspective, taking into account the interaction among legal traditions, the hybridisation and harmonization processes, as well as the competition among legal models.

In particular, the course will deal with the following traditions:
- Civil law
- Common law
- Muslim
- Indu
- East-Asian

Students shall study the following books:

1) V. Varano – V. Barsotti, La tradizione giuridica occidentale, Giappichelli, Torino, 2021

e

2) G. Calabresi, Il mestiere di giudice. Pensieri di un accademico americano, Mulino, Bologna, 2014