The course is given through a synergy between three different but complementary disciplines such as restoration, design and strength of materials that will arise in relation to a common theme: the study and interpretation of the existing city.
Knowledge of the city is achieved by means of questions about its composition, its history, its becoming; by means of interdisciplinary theoretical and practical research about the enhancement of the existing city.
In the course will be discussed about the character training, typological and constructional of the historic city and then up to the scale of the building and its construction characteristics, so as to deepen their knowledge of technological components and structural of the pre-modern heritage.
The course aims to provide to the students the tools of understanding and analyze the urban historical context with the objective of possible restauration interventions.
The goal to be achieved is to correlate different themes, interests and attitudes to the knowledge and control of the structure of the city. The knowledge ment as in-depth understanding of urban transformations through historical research, cartography reading, typological study, the structural control of the architecture and then the graphical design finalized to the urban and architectural restoration and recomposition.
There will be a practical exercise on a given topic that will be developed at different representation scales: it will cover initially the entire historic center of Rome down to the size of neighborhood and a single street.
Through this project, students will have the opportunity to test the ability of interpretation and reading of historical buildings: starting from the architectural survey and the subsequent critical and philological analysis of the historic center of Rome, in order to acquire the methodology for a correct intervention of recovery, transformation or restoration.
The course is developed with lectures ex cathedra, visits and inspections, debates.
During the weekly meetings part of the time available will be devoted to a "laboratory" in which there will be graphic tutorials, reviews, thematic analysis in the presence of teachers who will provide practical explanations from time to time on the exercises to be performed.
The periodic review of the projects, exercises, trials, is an integral part of the learning path.
Mid-term evaluations are foreseen together with lectures and laboratory. Student's attendance is required.
The examination consists in the discussion and evaluation of the assignments and drawings gradually developed during the course and the presentation of a "notebook" containing all the exercises made in the classroom, at home and outside.

Restauro:
S. Muratori, R. Bollati, S. Bollati, G. Marinucci, Studi per una operante storia urbana di Roma, Roma, Centro Studi di Storia Urbanistica, 1963
G.Caniggia, G.L.Maffei: Lettura dell’edilizia di base, Venezia 1979
M. G. Corsini: Tipi e tessuti del centro storico di Roma. Lettura del costruito per il progetto, Edizioni Kappa, Roma, 1998.
Guide Rionali di Roma, Rione I Monti (4 parti), Rione X Campitelli (4 parti), fratelli palombi editori, Roma 1984.
AA.VV. Architettura e urbanistica-uso e trasformazione della città storica, collana Roma Capitale 1870-1911, Marsilio ed. 1984
F.Giovanetti (a cura di): Manuale del recupero del comune di Roma, edizioni dei, Roma 1997.
L. Barroero, A. Conti, A.M. Racheli, M. Serio, Via dei Fori Imperiali – la zona archeologica di Roma: urbanistica, beni artistici e politica culturale, Marsilio, Roma 1983.
M.G.Ercolino: La città negata, Ginevra Bentivoglio editoria, Roma 2013.

Analisi e rappresentazione urbana:
R. Arnheim. Arte e percezione visiva. Milano 1965.
M. De Simone. Disegno, rilievo, progetto. Il disegno delle idee, il progetto delle cose. Roma 1990.
E. E. Viollet le Duc. Storia di un disegnatore. Cavallino. Venezia 1992.
M.Docci e D. Maestri. Scienza del disegno. Torino 2000.

Scienza delle costruzioni:
G.Cangi: “Manuale del recupero strutturale antisismico”, edizioni dei, Roma 2005.
A.Giuffré: Letture sulla Meccanica delle Murature Storiche, Edizioni Kappa, Roma 1991.
A.Giuffré: La meccanica nell’architettura, La Nuova Italia Scientifica, Roma 1986.

Course programme
The course is given through a synergy between three different but complementary disciplines such as restoration, design and strength of materials that will arise in relation to a common theme: the study and interpretation of the existing city.
Knowledge of the city is achieved by means of questions about its composition, its history, its becoming; by means of interdisciplinary theoretical and practical research about the enhancement of the existing city.
In the course will be discussed about the character training, typological and constructional of the historic city and then up to the scale of the building and its construction characteristics, so as to deepen their knowledge of technological components and structural of the pre-modern heritage.
There will be a practical exercise on a given topic that will be developed at different representation scales: it will cover initially the entire historic center of Rome down to the size of neighborhood and a single street.
Through this project, students will have the opportunity to test the ability of interpretation and reading of historical buildings: starting from the architectural survey and the subsequent critical and philological analysis of the historic center of Rome, in order to acquire the methodology for a correct intervention of recovery, transformation or restoration.

didactic methods
The course is developed with lectures ex cathedra, visits and inspections, debates.
During the weekly meetings part of the time available will be devoted to a "laboratory" in which there will be graphic tutorials, reviews, thematic analysis in the presence of teachers who will provide practical explanations from time to time on the exercises to be performed.
The periodic review of the projects, exercises, trials, is an integral part of the learning path.
Mid-term evaluations are foreseen together with lectures and laboratory. student's attendance is required.

learning assessment procedures
The examination consists in the discussion and evaluation of the assignments and drawings gradually developed during the course and the presentation of a "notebook" containing all the exercises made in the classroom, at home and outside.

- R. Arnheim, Arte e percezione visiva, Milano 1965
- M. De Simone, Disegno, rilievo, progetto. Il disegno delle idee, il progetto delle cose, Roma 1990
- E. E. Viollet Le Duc, Storia di un disegnatore, Cavallino, Venezia 1992
- M. Docci e D. Maestri, Scienza del disegno, Torino 2000

The course is given through a synergy between three different but complementary disciplines such as restoration, design and strength of materials that will arise in relation to a common theme: the study and interpretation of the existing city.
Knowledge of the city is achieved by means of questions about its composition, its history, its becoming; by means of interdisciplinary theoretical and practical research about the enhancement of the existing city.
In the course will be discussed about the character training, typological and constructional of the historic city and then up to the scale of the building and its construction characteristics, so as to deepen their knowledge of technological components and structural of the pre-modern heritage.
There will be a practical exercise on a given topic that will be developed at different representation scales: it will cover initially the entire historic center of Rome down to the size of neighborhood and a single street.
Through this project, students will have the opportunity to test the ability of interpretation and reading of historical buildings: starting from the architectural survey and the subsequent critical and philological analysis of the historic center of Rome, in order to acquire the methodology for a correct intervention of recovery, transformation or restoration.

G.Cangi: “Manuale del recupero strutturale antisismico”, edizioni dei, Roma 2005.
A.Giuffré: Letture sulla Meccanica delle Murature Storiche, Edizioni Kappa, Roma 1991.
A.Giuffré: La meccanica nell’architettura, La Nuova Italia Scientifica, Roma 1986.

The aim of this course “History of the city and its territory” is to provide students with carefully selected intellectual tools designed to enhance their ability to analyze and be aware of the complex History of the city.
This course, by initially taking into account the lexical peculiarities of the terms “city” and “territory”, will illustrate the urban and architectonic dynamics which have contributed to enrich these specific definitions with meaning.

To this purpose some important examples will be selected, examples chosen within the Classical and the Contemporary period, and that have determined various urban and architectonic configurations. Particular attention will be devoted to the Italian city and especially to the city of Rome.

Through the cyclical and constant dialectics between the figurative and the urban arts what will be emphasized is the nature and the effects of that inevitable interweaving upon the birth, the evolution and all the ‘tiles’ that have contributed to the creation of the varied ‘mosaic’ which is typical of the city and its territory.

General Bibliography:
- Joseph Rykwert, L’idea di città, Adelphi, Milano 2002
- Paolo Sica, L’immagine della città da Sparta a Las Vegas, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1991
- Cesare de Seta, La città europea. Origini, sviluppo e crisi della civiltà urbana in età moderna e contemporanea, Il Saggiatore, Milano 2010
- Vincenzo Trione, Effetto città. Arte/Cinema/Modernità, Bompiani, Milano 2014
- Lewis Mumford, La città nella storia, Comunità, Milano 1963 (Bompiani, Milano1961)
- Piero Maria Lugli, Storia e cultura della città italiana, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1967
- Aldo Rossi, L’architettura della città, Marsilio editori, Padova 1973 (1966)
- Giovanni Botero, Delle cause della Grandezza delle Città, Cappelli, Bologna 1930 (1588)
- Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges, La città antica, Vallecchi, Firenze 1924 (1864)
- Marcel Poëte, La città antica, Einaudi, Torino 1958 (1929)
- Arnaldo Momigliano, La città antica di Fustel de Coulanges, Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane, Napoli 1970
- Jérôme Carcopino, La vita quotidiana a Roma all’apogeo dell’Impero, Laterza, Roma-Bari 2005 (1930)
- Mihail Rostovtzeef, Storia economica e sociale dell’Impero romano, La Nuova Italia, Firenze 1953 (1926), o l’edizione M. Rostocev, idem, Sanzoni, Milano 2003
- P.M. Hohenberg, L.H. Lees, La città europea dal Medioevo a oggi, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1987.

General Bibliography cronologically selected:
- Leonardo Benevolo, Storia della città. Vol. 1: la città antica, Roma-Bari, Laterza 2006
- Leonardo Benevolo, Storia della città. Vol. 2: la città medievale, Roma-Bari, Laterza 2006
- Leonardo Benevolo, Storia della città. Vol. 3: la città moderna, Roma-Bari, Laterza 2006
- Leonardo Benevolo, Storia della città. Vol. 4 la città contemporanea, Roma-Bari, Laterza 2006
-
- Paolo Sica, Storia dell'urbanistica. Il Settecento, Bari, Laterza, 1976 (3ª ed. 1981)
- Paolo Sica, Storia dell'urbanistica. L’Ottocento, vol. I, Bari, Laterza, 1977 (3ª ed. 1985)
- Paolo Sica, Storia dell'urbanistica. L'Ottocento, vol. II, Bari, Laterza, 1977 (3ª ed. 1985)
- Paolo Sica, Storia dell'urbanistica. Il Novecento, Bari, Laterza, 1978 (3ª ed. 1985)

- Paolo Morachiello, La città greca, Roma Bari, Laterza 2003
- Paul Zanker, La città romana, Roma Bari, Laterza 2013
- Ennio Concina, La città bizantina, Roma Bari, Laterza 2003
- Alberto Grohmann, La città medievale, Roma Bari, Laterza 2003
- Donatella Calabi, La città del primo Rinascimento, Roma Bari, Laterza 2001
- Claudia Conforti, La città del tardo Rinascimento, Roma Bari, Laterza 2005
- Daniela Del Pesco, Andrew Hopkins, La città del Seicento, Roma Bari, Laterza 2014
- Giovanna Curcio, La città del Settecento, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2008
- Guido Zucconi, La città dell'Ottocento, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2001
- Bernardo Secchi, La città del ventesimo secolo, Roma-Bari, Laterza 2005

General Bibliography thematically suggested.
for 'Arcaic Age':
K. Kerény, Origine e fondazione della mitologia, saggio introduttivo a C. G. Jung e K. Kèreny, Prolegomeni allo studio scientifico della mitologia, Boringhieri, Torino 1964
Per la ‘partizione dello spazio sacro’: cfr. E.A. Gutkind, International History of the City … Development)
Mircea Eliade, Il sacro e il profano, Boringhieri, Torino 1967 (1957) [studi per/sulla ‘città antica’]
Mircea Eliade, Il mito dell’eterno ritorno, Borla, Torino 1968 (1949)

for 'Greek City'/'Town':
K. A. Doxiadis, The Greek City Plan, in “Landscape”, vol. 6, autunno 1956
Gustave Glotz, La città greca, Einaudi, Torino 1955 (1923)

from Medieval Age to Contemporary Age, and various items:
Leonardo Benevolo, Storia della città, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1975
Enrico Guidoni, La città europea. Formazione e significato dal IV al XI secolo, Electa, Milano 1970.
Enrico Guidoni, La città dal Medioevo al Rinascimento, Electa, Roma 1981.
Joseph Connors, Alleanze e inimicizie. L’ urbanistica di Roma barocca, Roma-Bari, 2005
Enrico Guidoni, Angela Marino, Storia dell’urbanistica. Il Seicento, Roma-Bari, 1979
Ludwig Hilberseimer, L’Architettura della Grande Città, Clean ed., Milano 1998
Arturo Soria y Mata, La città lineare, Il Saggiatore, Milano 1968
C.M. Travaglini, Economia e finanza, in "Storia di Roma dall'antichità ad oggi". Vol. IV: Roma moderna, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2002 (pp. 79-115, saggio scaricabile dal sito)
Giovanna Curcio, La città del Settecento, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2008 (capitolo III, pp. 94-142)
- Roma dall’alto, a cura di M.F. Boemi-C.M. Travaglini, Roma, CROMA-Università degli Studi Roma Tre, 2006 (le sezioni indicate dai docenti, scaricabili dal sito).
On the 'Medieval City' in particular:
Dupré-Theseider, La città nell’alto Medioevo, Centro di Studi Italiani sull’Alto Medioevo, Spoleto 1959
Henri Pirenne, Le città del Medioevo, Laterza, Bari, 1974 (1927).
Edith Ennen, Storia della città medievale, Laterza, Roma Bari 1975 (1956)
Luigi Piccinto, Urbanistica medievale, Edizioni dedalo, Firenze 1993 (1978)
Pierre Toubert, Les structures du Latium médiéval. Le Latium méridional et la Sabine du IXe à la fin du XIIe siècle, Ecole Française de Rome, Roma 1973.
Enrico Guidoni, Arte e urbanistica in Toscana, 1000-1305, Bulzoni, Roma 1970
Irina Baldescu, Misura e struttura nelle città fondate dell’Europa centrale, in “Studia Patzinaka”, no. 7, 2008, pp. 59-78.
Jacques Heers, La città nel medioevo in Occidente, Jaca Book, Milano 1995

The construction of urban space

COURSE CONTENT

The proposal to operate in a small center, not far from Rome, concerns the possibility of confronting each other
with an immanent and exemplary theme compared to the Italian urban reality, renewal
and the development of minor historic centers, hit in recent decades by the absence of planning, degradation and abandonment. These places are affected by profound transformations
social, some foreign communities in recent decades are repopulating the belt
of small towns around Rome given the availability
housing and a lower cost of living than the capital, where they go to work.
These processes if understood and accompanied by the institutions and a clear planning could
constitute a resource for places, such as Civita Castellana, that need a horizon
development and transformation.

Civita Castellana

Civita Castellana is a place full of strength, a large tuff ship stranded in the ravine, it tells us about the geography of central Italy and its history
glorious and fertile of events and culture. Subject to critical and unstructured social transformations,
reflecting the condition of many smaller centers,
it is also an industrial excellence, with the district
ceramic industry that does not however look to the historic village as a place of investment. Thus revealing a marked contrast between beauty
places that are the result of a rich historical stratification and an uncertain present without a real horizon.
Working on the transformations, possible and already underway, of Civita means working on a condition
widespread Italian, means taking into account the enhancement
of the built and environmental heritage, which are often deeply linked, as in the case of Civita. This work must be done by accompanying social and demographic changes
in progress, to govern these phenomena towards the initiation of virtuous processes instead of in causes of conflict or contributions to degradation.
The proposed theme acts on one of the entrances to the historic center, dealing with disused and dilapidated ones
Coletta and Sbordoni furnaces and proposing them
the partial recovery in an urban project that includes the surfaces of the detailed plan
long drawn up and never implemented.

EDUCATIONAL VISITS

The direct experience of architecture plays a decisive role in the laboratory, in order to privilege
the physical and immanent dimension compared to the theoretical one.
A series of educational visits are therefore proposed
to urban environments, during which to detect
with the design the characteristics of the spaces and their relationships with the context

JOURNEY TO DISCOVER VIENNA

The educational tour "Discovering Vienna" will take place on 08-10 / 11/2019 Participation
it is not mandatory, but recommended.

FIRST EXERCISE - RECONSTRUCTION OF AN URBAN PROJECT
The first exercise involves analysis and reconstruction work, to be carried out in a group, of illustrious urban projects. To acquire tools through the study of design experiences
cognitive and composition of the urban space and its formal structures.

SECOND EXERCISE - TRANSFORMATION OF THE EX-FURNACES IN THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF CIVITA CASTELLANA
The laboratory proposes an urban project for the Sbordoni-Coletta area, taking as a basic reference the consistencies of the plan
existing details, based on the analysis made during the laboratory, they can be modified
the surfaces and functions proposed by the plan. The proposal must include the preliminary design of private buildings, in-depth public buildings and detailed public spaces.
Possible functions to be installed: residence, accommodation,
commercial and catering, exhibition spaces and ceramic workshops, parking, open spaces. The design of the open space is fundamental, and its interaction with the attack on the ground of the buildings.

L. BENEVOLO, La cattura dell’infinito, Roma 1991
F. CELLINI, Architettura e città, Palermo 1991 (dispensa)
C. SITTE, L’arte di costruire la città, Roma 1969
A. e P. SMITHSON, The Space Between, Colonia 2016

“URBAN DESIGN HELPING ARCHITECTURE AND VICE VERSA”

The module’s aim is to promote coherence between the architectural project and the built environment’s design. The module develops detailed design approach to the local scale.

Knowledge will be imparted through lectures on:
- regeneration’s strategies of contemporary city;
- description of several regeneration’s projects;
- major concepts used in the analysis and understanding of the built environment (townscape analysis, morphology, uses, natural environment);
- description of differents masterplans and design code.

The module experiments a design’s method based on site analysis, evaluation and project referred to the local dimension.
The final work, prepared in class seminars, concerns:
- urban design analysis of the local context (urban pattern, open space and environmental issues, infrastructure and transport issues, community and social issues, existing community facilities, development issues/current initiative);
- critical understanding of people’s diverse everyday uses, problems, link and project opportunities, site analysis summary;
- strategic context framework plan and project opportunities as answer to the revealed contradictions.

Students, in investigation’s group, have to produce four outlines: two concern the urban design analysis of the local context and two describe the project through the elaboration of a masterplan, the formulation of a design code and project’s vision.
In the final examination each student presents an overview of the work which is followed by discussion on the issues raised. The module encourages student to develop a critical perspective on their own work.

- Banerjee T., Loukaitou-Sideris T., (edit. by), (2011), Companion to Urban Design, Routledge.
- Carmona, M., (2010), Public Places Urban Spaces, The Dimensions of Urban Design (Second Edition). Architectural Press.
- Gabellini, P., (2001), Tecniche urbanistiche, Carocci ed.
- Gabellini, P., (1998), La rappresentazione nel piano urbanistico, Nis ed.
- Nucci, L., (2011), Verde di prossimità e disegno urbano, Gangemi Editore, Roma.
- Nucci, L., (2004), Reti verdi e disegno della città contemporanea: la costruzione del nuovo piano di Londra, Gangemi Editore, Roma.
- Secchi, B., (2008), La città del Ventesimo Secolo, Laterza Ed., Bari.
- Campos Venuti G., Oliva F (a cura di), (2010), Città senza cultura. Intervista sull'urbanistica, Laterza Ed., Bari.
- AA VV (2013), Governo del territorio e pianificazione spaziale, città studi edizioni, Milano.

The aim of the course is to deepen the knowledge on theories and techniques of urban design and planning, starting from a concrete approach to territorial instances and urban trends in progress.

To achieve this aim, the course, by means a "role-playing game", will reconstruct the scenario of relationships between the various actors - citizens, technicians, operators, real estate owners, public administrators - participating in the city's life, simulating a process of co-planning and participatory planning, on the background of urban policies and planning. In this way, students can be introduce to the reality in which they will surely be involved in the future.

The "ideological" aim is to avoid disciplinary preconceptions, giving space to the ability to "listen" to the territory and those who live there, and to intervene through strategies and actions that determine the quality of urban policies, not forgetting any of the aspects involved.

Area of study and experimentation of the course will be that of the Tiburtina Station in the context of the "Quintiliani" Metropolitan Centrality, provided by the current PRG. In this context, it will be adopted - as an integration - the "utopian" scenario of the workshop "Mending Termini Station" (Rome 2017), which recalls the provisions of the Master Plan of Rome of 1931 which includes, in addition to the completion of the Railway Ring still provided, also the transformation of the Termini Central Station into an underground railway line dedicated to the High Speed line.

In the context of the Laboratory, an Urban Project will be built, respecting regional and state regulations, in which the various institutional (and not) roles will have to make proposals, feasible and sustainable, and confront each other in a "planning conference".

I. Insolera, Roma moderna. Torino, Einaudi, 1993.

The academic course, complemented by the urban planning workshop, is aimed to deal with:
- Basic Elements of the planning law for the analysis of the urban functions.
- The organization of the public powers in the field of planning law: State, Regions, Local governments
- The new Titolo V and the “governo del territorio”;
- The planning instruments: general law.
The power of planning law and the town plan.
Urban destination of the grounds: the conformative rules of the territory and the property.
The protective restriction “morfologico o ricognitivo” and the protection of the primary interest.
- The town plan (PRG): procedure and content
The division of the town plan “in piano strutturale” and “piano operativo” in the regional law.
The Legal Foundation of Contracting Urban Planning Measures: the procedural agreements (art.11 l.241/90)
The “perequazione” and the overcoming of the technique of zoning: the “comparti” and the mixed areas.
The sustainability of the processing choices. The SEA (Strategic Environmental Assessment).
The protection rules and the protection instruments.
- The management of the town plan (PRG):
Town implementation plan and contractual instruments. The use of contract in the implementation of town planning rules. The building of public works and the principle of competition.
- The requirements of the public works and the urban innovative instruments:
The project financinig “spurio”.
The competitive comparison.
The transfer of the development rights and the extraburden.
- The urban regeneration.
- The instruments of regeneration of the urban stock.
- Town planning of average area: the provincial coordinament town plan and the role of the Province as a Public Authority of the average area.
Legal nature, contents and procedure.
The effects of the local planning.
- The parallel “protections”: the area plans and the effects on the property.
River basin Plan (L.d.legsl.152/06)
Landscape Plan (D. Legsl.42/004 e succ.int.)
Parks Plan (L.391/94)
- The building law (TU 380/2001):
The control on the building activity: building license, SCIA, CIL.
The agreement license and the derogatory license.
The control activity of the municipality.

During the lessons, some real cases will be studied in order to acquire a concrete analysis of the town planning law.

• Rivista Giuridica dell'Edilizia anno LX fasc 3 - 2016 A Proposito della riduzione del consumo del suolo
• Progetto urbano. La visione del giurista
• Urbanisticae appalti:Conformazione dei suoli
• trattato di diritto del territorio : Urbanistica perequativa
• Rivista Giuridica dell'Edilizia anno S6S-S2017 L'urbanistica oltre il culto dei piani
• Progetto urbano
• Manuale di diritto urbanistico sesta edizione - giappichelli editore

The detection of statistical phenomena (1): introduction, characters, statistical units, collective, classification of statistical characters, subdivision into classes of a quantitative character, the different types of survey, total survey and sample survey, the questionnaire.
Distribution of a character and its representation (1): from the unitary distributions to the frequency distributions, relative frequencies and percentages, cumulative frequencies, graphic representation of simple distributions, bar or tape graphs, histograms, area charts, pie charts, graphs radar, cartograms, Cartesian diagrams.
Synthesis of the distribution of a character, the means (1): introduction, the arithmetic mean, the geometric mean, the trimmed mean, the median, the fashion, the percentiles.
Synthesis of the distribution of a character: variability (1): introduction, the variability of a distribution, indices based on the deviation from the arithmetic mean, Chebyshev's theorem, standardization, other variability indices, box plot, concentration, homogeneity and heterogeneity, asymmetry indices.
Index numbers, time series and statistical reports (1): introduction, measurement of the change in a historical series, simple index numbers, complex index numbers, statistical reports.
Analysis of the association between two characters (1): introduction, double frequency distributions, graphic representation of the character distribution, analysis of the association between two characters, dependence, independence, interdependence, study of the association between two characters in a double table of frequencies, association measure for disconnected qualitative characters, association measure for ordered qualitative characters, measure of the dependence of a quantitative character from a discrete qualitative or quantitative character, measure of the interdependence between two quantitative characters.
Probability (1): introduction, primitive concepts, events and event algebra, the postulates, probability measure in the classical approach, conditional probability and independence, Bayes theorem, the different concepts of probability.
Random variables and probability distributions (1): introduction, random variables, discrete random variables, continuous random variables, expected value and variance of a random variable, standardized random variables and Chebyshev theorem, Discrete uniform distribution, Bernoulli distribution, Binomial distribution , Poisson distribution, Uniform continuous distribution, Normal distribution, Chi-square distribution, Student t distribution, multiple random variables, central limit theorem.
Sampling and sampling distributions (1): introduction, population and population parameters, sampling from finite, simple, stratified, cluster and stage populations, sampling from infinite populations, sample statistics and sampling distributions, the distribution of the sample mean in populations infinite and finite.
Point estimate (1): introduction, point estimation and estimators, correct estimators, efficient estimators, minimum mean square error, consistent and asymptotically correct estimators, point estimate of the mean of a population, point estimate of the proportion of a population, point estimate of variance of the population, point estimation using the maximum likelihood method.
Estimation by interval (1): introduction, estimation by interval, confidence interval for the mean with known variance and unknown, confidence interval for the proportion, confidence interval for variance, determination of the sample size.
Statistical test theory (1): introduction, hypothesis formulation, acceptance region and rejection region, simple null hypothesis test, p-value, first and second type errors, power function, maximum ratio test likelihood, connection between confidence interval and test.
Tests for averages, proportions and variances (1): introduction, test for the average of a normal population with known and unknown variance, test for the average of a non-normal population, establish the sample size, test for proportion, test for the variance, test based on independent samples from two populations, difference between means, ratio between variances, difference between two proportions, independence test.
Inference in the Bayesian approach (1): introduction, Bayes theorem and a posteriori distribution, a priori distribution, point estimation, interval estimation, hypothesis test, predictive distribution.
The simple linear regression model (1): introduction, functional relationship and statistical relation between two variables, specification of the simple linear regression model, point estimate of regression coefficients, the decomposition of the total variance and the coefficient of determination, property of the estimators of coefficients and average response.
Inference in the linear regression model (1): introduction, assumption of error normality and parameter inference, analysis of variance and F test, inference for mean response and for prediction, residue analysis, outliers and detection methods.
Graph optimization (2,3): the minimal-cost transport problem, general and specialized transport models and their variants, minimum path problems, declaration of nodes and arcs, interactions and declaration of the objective function solving problems on graphs of linear type with AMPL.
Processing on PC (1,2,4,5,6): statistics with Excel, statistical package R, statistical analysis with R, QGIS, AMPL,SAS.
An application to a real case: A particular application of the statistical model for the estimation of the urban planning of the reorganization of the Tiburtina and Termini station with the use of QGIS. Possible extensions to the network model with AMPL.

(1) Statistica, metodologie per le scienze economiche e sociali, S. Borra, A. Di Ciaccio, Mc Graw-Hill.
(2) AMPL, A Modeling Language for Mathematical Progamming, R. Fourer, D. Gay, B. Kernighan, The Scientific Press Series, boyd & fraser publishing company.
(3) Ricerca Operativa, M. Bruglieri, A. Colorni, Zanichelli.
(4) Analisi statistica con Excel, D. Giuliani, M. Dickson, Apogeo.
(5) Analisi esplorativa dei dati con R, G. Espa, R. Micciolo, Apogeo.
(6) A Handbook of Statistical Analyses using SAS, 3rd Edition, by Geoff Der, Brian S. Everitt, Chapman and Hall/CRC.

The course aims to provide students with competence for the design and calculation of conventional structures, with particular reference to concrete buildings with framed structure and the related technical standards. This purpose will be achieved through lectures, both theoretical and applied, that will guide the student in the preparation of the project of a multi-storey building in a seismic zone.
Program:
- foundamentals of structural design
- design of buildings in seismic area: foundamentals
- code requirements (Italy and Europe)
- development of a structural project: the project will involve the design of a residential building for which the structures and related structural drawings will be set. In detail, only some structural elements will be calculated and represented: a column, a beam and a slab

recommended books, not mandatory for the exam, but useful for studing and integrating the material distributed during the lessons
AICAP - DETTAGLI COSTRUTTIVI
AICAP - COMMENTARIO ALLE NTC 08
AICAP - PROGETTAZIONE DI STRUTTURE IN CEMENTO ARMATO GUIDA ALL'USO dell'EUROCODICE 2

This course deals with the disciplinary horizon of landscape architecture: the art and technique to shape open spaces, with materials, methods and approaches proper of landscaping. It focuses on relationships rather than artifacts, processes rather than outcomes; because it prefers the use of natural and living materials, in evolutionary and cyclical time dimensions; Because it proceeds through strategies and programs rather than forms; Because it requires the contamination of various professional skills (botany, geology, natural science engineering, environmental sciences, economics and sociology ...); Because it crosses scale and does not proceed mechanically from general to detail; Because it requires the study and interpretation of behavioral and social topics.
The main objective of the course is to understand this complexity within the framework of the urban open space design, to provide the students with the ability to govern and value this complexity on a cultural, ethical, figurative and environmental level through a receptive and attentive sensitivity (listening and viewing skills) and a specific technical skill (ability to intervene and transform).
The project of open space can be declined in a multitude of species of spaces: gardens, parks, shores, residual areas, gardens, squares, streets, streets, parks, and so on, subject to further specific articulations Than reciprocal hybridisations. Some of these categories are the legacy of a long and valuable historical legacy, others talk about contemporaryity and the continuous transformation of urban spaces. On the last we focus our attention.

The course has a theoretical and design character and is divided into three modules - module 1, "Plants Ecology"; module 2, "Landscape Representation"; module 3, "Landscape Architecture" - which work in a synergic way to offer a framework of methodological, theoretical and operational knowledge aimed at designing open spaces in urban areas.

E. Belfiore, Il verde e la città. Idee e progetti dal Settecento ad oggi, Gangemi Editore 2005.
M. Corrado e A. Lambertini, Atlante delle nature urbane. Centouno voci per i paesaggi quotidiani, Editrice Compositori, 2011.
G. Cullen, Il paesaggio urbano, Calderini 1976.
K. Lynch, L’immagine della città, Marsilio 1964.
C. W. Moore, W. J. Mitchel, W. Turnbull, The poetics of gardens, MIT Press, Cambridge-London 1988, trad. it. La poetica dei giardini, Muzzio Editore 1991.
D. Pandakovic, Dal Sasso A., Saper vedere il paesaggio, Ed. CittàStudi, 2009.
F. Panzini, Progettare la natura – Architettura del paesaggio e dei giardini dalle origini all’epoca contemporanea, Zanichelli 2005.
F. Zagari, Questo è paesaggio – 48 definizioni, Gruppo Mancosu editore 2006.
F. Zagari, Sul paesaggio. Lettera aperta, Libria 2013.

Learning Goals and Objectives: provide students basic knowledge of Botany and Vegetal Ecology related to patterns, processes and paradigms in Landscape Ecology and Urban Ecology.

Contents
•Elements of Biology, Botany and Ecology: Definition of living system, plant and vegetal organism. - Structure and Function of Vascular Plants - Photosynthesis process – Life-forms and Chorotypes.
•Biocenosis – Biotope–Habitat-Ecosystem –Landscape. Anthropocene and Symbiocene.
•Matter cycles and energy flows in natural and urban ecosystems. The city as a dissipative system.
•Nature’s gradients in the Landscape: naturals, semi-naturals, rurals, artificial ecosystems (parks and gardens, urban and peri-urban areas).
•Systematic Botany - Flora and Vegetation - Native and aliens plants, archeophytes and neophytes, spontaneous, apophytes and cultivated plants.
•Flora and vegetation in urban environment and in natural habitat.
•Vegetation structure – Plants Community - Vegetation dynamics – Phytosociology - Biomes and Ecoregions.
•Phytogeography - Mediterranean biogeographical region– World mediterranean ecozones.
•Latium green Landscape: mediterranean, submontan and riparian vegetation, Roman Campagna (Countryside) as anthropic steppe.
•Habitat, definition and classification scheme based on EU Habitats Directive; list of threatened regional endemic habitats objects of conservation and protection measures: SIC, ZSC e ZPS; Hot-spots and Vegetation Red Lists of endagered species.
•Landscape Ecology: patch - matrix - corridor model, buffer zone, ecological network.
•Habitat fragmentation and connettivity, Genetic drift, Biodiversity in natural and urban areas. Third Landscape.
•Trees and the process of vegetal succession in urban areas.
•Taxonomy of forest, wood, countryside and streetscape trees, arboreal composition and dynamics of periurban and urban green, performance, physiology, and morphology of urban trees as well their ecosystem services.
•Urban forestry between wilderness, planning and ecosystemic approach.

Ecologia:
E. ODUM, 1987 – Ecologia. Zanichelli

Vegetazione:
PIGNATTI S. et al., 1995 - Ecologia vegetale. UTET
POLUNIN O. e WALTERS M., 1987 – Guida alle vegetazioni d'Europa. Zanichelli

Ecologia del paesaggio:
RICHARD T T FORMAN, 1995 - Land Mosaics The Ecology of Landscapes and Regions. Cambridge University Press
Ecologia urbana
RICHARD T T FORMAN, 2014 - Urban Ecology Science of Cities
Cambridge University Press
DUNCAN GOODWIN 2017 The Urban Tree
Routledge

Gilles Clément Manifesto del Terzo paesaggio 2005 Quodlibet o pdf libero online.

The Landscape Representation lessons will be aimed at providing the cognitive and practical bases for the analogical and digital management of the landscape project. In particular, attention will be paid to the representation of the landscape through drawings in the various techniques. In this regard, students must keep an A5 format notebook on which to write down information, ideas, and sketches of the project area. Other lessons will be dedicated to the digital representation of the landscape, with targeted lessons on photographic techniques, image management, post production and project render composition through photo editing software. Students will be presented with the new trends in landscape representation, so that they can re-propose the techniques also in the projects of the year theme.
Other lessons will be dedicated to the laboratory which will allow a direct and continuous comparison with the students for a complete project management in different aspects.

Maria Grazia Cianci, 2008. Metafore. Rappresentazione e interpretazioni di paesaggi. Ediz. Illustrata. Editore Alinea, 196 pp., ill. EAN: 9788860552181
Maria Grazia Cianci, 2008. Rappresentazione del paesaggio. metodi, strumenti e procedure per l'analisi e la rappresentazione. Editore Alinea, 151 pp. ISBN 8860553083, 9788860553089
Alessandro Pittaluga, 1987. IL Paesaggio nel territorio. Hoepli, Trento. 232pp
De Luca, L. 2011. La Fotomodellazione Architettonica. Palermo, Italy. Dario Flaccovio Editore, 2011. ISBN:978-88-579-0070-4
Folin M., Rappresentare la città. Topografie urbane nell’Italia di antico regime. Diabasis, 2010, Reggio Emilia. Pp. 106-107.
Stroffolino D., La città misurata. Tecniche e strumenti di rilevamento nei trattati a stampa del Cinquecento, Salerno, Roma 1999, pp. 128 – 132.

The laboratory develops the idea of ​​C.I.R.C.O. (Casa Indispensable for Civic Recreation and Hospitality) proposing a rethinking of the welcoming spaces for migrants, transients and mobile populations, starting from the reuse of the abandoned or underused Roman real estate assets. The goal is to facilitate access to these spaces for all the inhabitants of the city, opening them up to the collective construction of living, spaces for exchange and sociability. The project involves the development of indications for a welcoming policy, in a more mutual sense of hospitality, aimed at generating new forms of reciprocity and coexistence. The work is in direct contact with the local area and its communities.

The course intervene at the core of the city in a creative, interdisciplinary and participatory way. It offers lessons about the relationship between arts, architecture and the city, and direct experiences such as urban explorations, realization of micro-structures at the 1:1 scale, events and performative actions of a high civic and symbolic content, in complex social contexts, with special attention to the intercultural city and the migrant's hospitality.
We can explain the teaching approach goes in three main words: Arts Architecture City.
By Arts we mean the tools of knowledge that guide us towards the comprehension of the dynamics of contemporary urban transformations; poetic glances that are able to reveal those aspects of the city that are often invisible, and to provoke their potentialities.
We understand Architecture as a practice of reading and processing space, both in a physical and symbolic way. The course offers to the students an occasion to experiment the construction of an artifact in the city that is able to provoke social transformations.
We view the City as a contested space, not just in terms of the formal regulations that aim to rule its development but in terms of those new dwelling practices that seek to transform housing and neighborhoods, to change the use and meaning of public space, and to claim people’s right to the city.

https://laboratoriocirco.wordpress.com/

Bibliography:
basic:
- FRANCESCO CARERI, LORENZO ROMITO, CAMPUS ROM, ALTRIMEDIA EDIZIONI, MATERA 2017
- FRANCESCO CARERI, WALKSCAPES. EL ANDAR COMO PRÀCTICA ESTÉTICA / WALKING AS AN AESTHETIC PRACTICE, EDITORIAL GUSTAVO GILI, BARCELLONA 2002, TRAD IT. WALKSCAPES. IL CAMMINARE COME PRATICA ESTETICA, EINAUDI, TORIMO 2006.
-ANNA DETHERIDGE, SCULTORI DELLA SPERANZA. L'ARTE NEL CONTESTO DELLA GLOBALIZZAZIONE, EINAUDI 2012
- AA.VV., INTERNAZIONALE SITUAZIONISTA 1958-69, NAUTILUS/STAMPATRE, TORINO, 1994
- FRANCESCO CARERI, CONSTANT / NEW BABYLON, UNA CITTÀ NOMADE, TESTO & IMMAGINE, TORINO, 2001
- BRUCE CHATWIN, THE SONGLINES (1987), TRAD. IT. LE VIE DEI CANTI, ADELPHI, MILANO, 1988
- FRANCO LA CECLA., PERDERSI, L'UOMO SENZA AMBIENTE, LATERZA, BARI, 1988
- PETER LANG, A CURA DI., SUBURBAN DISCIPLINE, PRINCETON ARCHITECTURAL PRESS, NEW YORK, 1997
- ROSALIND KRAUSS, PASSAGES IN MODERN SCULPTURE, MIT PRESS, 1981, TR. IT. PASSAGGI, BRUNO MONDADORI, MILANO, 1998

The module aims to integrate the issues of the evaluation examining some specific subject, according with the recent developments of the discipline. The assessment becomes a part of the design process, providing logical and methodological support and becoming an active component in the construction of the design. The evaluation, therefore, becomes a contribution to the implementation of the preferred solution in relation to context, to the actors involved in the process, and to feasibility, taking into account the numerous variables (socio-economic, environmental, financial, aesthetic, cultural, etc.). The module deals with the methods and techniques of project evaluation according to different approaches (financial, economic, multidimensional); finally, the module introduces methodologies that enable the assessment of the effects and impacts perceived by the community.
Specifically, the module deals with:
A brief summary of appraisal basics: appraisals principles and methods. Basics of international appraisal procedures. Total Economic Value, definitions and techniques. Shared evaluation and deliberative Value.
Methods and techniques of projects evaluation: financial methods (Investment Analysis), cash flows and measures of investment performance, project financing, economic methods (Cost-Benefit Analysis), multidimensional methods, Multicriteria Analysis (among which Electre methods, Dominant Regime Methods, Analytic Hierarchy Process, etc.). Community Impact Evaluation, Deliberative methods to evaluate impact and effect perceived by community.

Appraisal
A. Realfonzo "Teoria e metodo dell'estimo urbano", Carocci, Roma, 1994.
M. Polelli, "Nuovo trattato di estimo'', Maggior, Rimini, 2008.
Bateman I.J.et al, “Economic valuation with Stated Preference Techniques: A Manual”, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2002.

Methods and techniques of projects evaluation
Miccoli S., "La valutazione nel progetto di restauro", in Carbonara G. (diretto da), "Trattato di Restauro architettonico", UTET, Torino, 1996.
Nijkamp P., Rietveld P., Voogd H., "Multicriteria evaluation in physical planning", North Holland Pubi. Amsterdam/New York.
Handsout provided during the module.

The course considers, methodologically and operationally, several ways of action in order to verify their congruence with both requests and then to evaluate, from the point of view of governing the process of transformation/conservation of the built environment, the appropriateness of the advanced hypothesis.
For the general aspects, the topics concern: the renewal of the built environment, consequent to uses’ evolution; the adaptation to performance and environment regulations; the urban and building upgrading by a bioclimatic approach. For the application aspect: the specificity of the conversion project; the feasibility study and the assessment methods; the definition of the fields of action and of the congruent technical solutions.
These topics are tackled focusing the attention on some possible overall solutions, implemented by innovative technical measures, aimed at improving the built environment performances for all users: accessibility, safety, comfort and attractiveness, both from the physical and psychological point of view, keeping in mind sustainability and environmental impact reduction as goals.

Dessì V., Progettare il confort urbano, Sistemi Editoriali, Napoli, 2007;
Dierna S., Orlandi F., Buone pratiche per il quartiere ecologico. Linee-guida di progettazione sostenibile nella città della trasformazione, Alinea Editrice, Firenze, 2005;
Martincigh L., Strumenti di intervento per la riqualificazione urbana, Gangemi editore S.p.A., Roma, 2012;
Martincigh L., Mobilità e qualità della vita nella terza età. Indicazioni di intervento per agevolare la fruizione dell’ambiente urbano – Mobility and Quality of life for senior citizens. Indications to improve the use of the urban environment, DEI, Roma, I, 2011;
Martincigh, L., La mobilità sostenibile: un toolbox per la valutazione dei progetti - Sustainable mobility: a toolbox for design assessment, DEI, Roma, 2009;
Moudon a.v., edited by, Public streets for public use, Columbia University Press, New York (usa), 1991.
La bibliografia di riferimento per l’aspetto metodologico e per l’aspetto applicativo sarà fornita durante il corso.

The Master of Science in Architecture ‐ Urban Planning aims to give students the tools to acquire the methodology of an integrated sustainable urban planning.
The Urbe is a complex system, product of dynamic actions, result of the continuous transformation of the two fundamental systems, natural and anthropic, and of multiple subsystems that characterize in detail the single but interconnected complexity (resources, neighborhoods, services, infrastructures) . The territory to which it belongs is never corresponding to mere urban administrative boundaries, but to the sphere of influence of intersectoral dynamism.
The improvement of the living conditions of a place, an absolute goal, derives from the need to preserve the habitat where human activities take place, respecting the substantial right of the individual subject to freely enjoy the natural resources necessary for its survival, and the the interest of the established community to actively safeguard the environment in which life is expressed through a balanced activity, in a productive sense (a person capable of producing income), of social solidarity: the individual natural functions affecting the subject in the whose life is expressed with economic, biological, social, cultural and aesthetic value, adequately planning the environment of life itself in order to enhance the individual's subjective right to health and life and therefore the interest of the community to which it belongs .
In order to reach the absolute objective it is necessary to understand with extreme competence and applicative capacity, the state and the tendency of the urban and territorial transformations underway, in order to understand the indications and the directives to be given to these dynamics, ie the tools to be used to intervene economically, environmentally and socially with targeted actions and managed by a crosssectoral and interdisciplinary action, really competent and adequate. The interventions are therefore not solitary and isolated actions in the various sectors, but belonging to a broad planning, also aware of the actual and / or potential consequences.
A first session of lectures will provide the appropriate theoretical bases addressed in the various confluent interdisciplinary (legal, technical, political, ...) that will be applied in case studies

The reference bibliography and the main in-depth bibliographical indications will be provided during the lessons.
The necessary support can be found in the slides of the lessons made available by the teacher.
The lecture notes provided are made available to students of the laboratory by providing a link to the remote archive.

The aim of the course is to provide students with the conceptual and methodological tools to read, interpret and address governance schemes within urban and territorial transformations, where decision-making is called upon to cope with manifold proposals in a context full of regulations and diverging actors and interests.
Part one faces the needs stemming from local contexts, the way they are detected and acknowledged within welfare and urban regulation policies, since long term provisional models are currently denied by new environmental emergencies, immigration, stagflation, and other largely unpredictable circumstances.
Part two is faced with territorial policies of the European Union and of the member countries. Such approach helps revisit the wide range of Italian urban and territorial policies with particular regard to supra-local governance and urban regeneration issues.
Part three deals with the transformation scenarios that await Rome's metropolitan city and their effects on territorial governance, taking the case study of the “Città Tiburtina” between Rome and Tivoli along the course of the Aniene river falling under the jurisdiction of different local authorities, marked by complex environmental, settlement and production problems disputed between different uses and utilities and general and sectoral tools.
A strategic approach is needed to effectively intervene and couple the two concepts of resilience and sustainability. According to this logic, the Città Tiburtina requires measures of “active enhancement” within each of its transects. The whole area is featured by a great variety of historical and natural assets and displays manifold landscapes thoroughly intertwined with the Aniene River. Therefore, the river is intended as the key connection factor between landscapes, for whose resilience it takes on a different strategic role each time and can be differently managed and designed.
A major focus will be paid to innovation in governance schemes and in professional skills involved.

U. Beck, A. Giddens, S. Lash, Modernizzazione riflessiva, Trieste, Asterios, 1999.
U. Beck, La metamorfosi del Mondo, Laterza, 2017.
R. Sennett, Insieme. Rituali, piaceri, politiche della collaborazione, Feltrinelli, 2012. L E X I T Y
S. Body-Gendrot, M. Lussault, Th. Paquot, La ville et l'urbain. L'état des savoirs, La Découverte, 2000.
M. Desmond, Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City, Penguin Random House, 2016.

The course “Innovations in Governing the Territory” is made up of two components: Urban Regeneration and Sustainability and climate adaptation.
As part of the Urban Regeneration component, the most recent themes and tools of urban and territorial governance will be discussed, with particular reference to integrated approaches to city management, which jointly consider both the physical aspects (brownfields recovery, public spaces redevelopment, urban expansions), and social and environmental issues of urban settlements.
A particular attention will be given to cooperative tools among various public administrations and to collaborative tools between public and private subjects (the so called Complex Plans and Urban Regeneration Programs) that nowadays represent the most innovative forms to manage the urban transformations in Italy.

The course starts with a series of theoretical communications on the main macro-themes of innovation, and by the provision to students of abundant bibliographic and documentary material in digital format. The student will have to choose among the proposed macro-themes which theme to deepen in his study, bringing original research contents and critical-design elaborations.

Gabellini P. (2018) Le mutazioni dell’Urbanistica. Principi, tecniche, competenze. Carocci

The course “Innovations in planning” is made up of two components: Urban Regeneration and Sustainability and climate adaptation.

As part of the Sustainability and Climate adaptation component of the course, the various problems induced on the city by climate change will be explained, and then the experiences of climate adaptation carried od by the main European cities (Copenhagen, Rotterdam, London, Stockholm) and by some Italian cities will be illustrated (Bologna, Rome) to increase urban resilience, with particular reference to reduce the hydraulic risk, to contain the heat island, to protect public transport, urban green areas and biodiversity.

The course starts with a series of theoretical communications on the main macro-themes of innovation, and by the provision to students of abundant bibliographic and documentary material in digital format. The student will have to choose among the proposed macro-themes which theme to deepen in his study, bringing original research contents and critical-design elaborations.

planning for climate change – guidance for local authorities
Planning & Climate Change Coalition, 2012
https://www.aecb.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/PCC-Guide_April-2012.pdf