Short Program
The course deals with the regulation of the religious factor in European legal systems, starting from the analysis of the historical evolution of the forms of interaction between secular law and religious phenomena in the West. The analysis is addressed in particular to the Italian legal system, in a comparative perspective and in the context of the sources and jurisprudence of European institutions. It focuses on the role of religions in multicultural societies, sustainable development, social justice and peace..

Extended Program
Interactions between secular law and the religious phenomenon. The Religions of the Book
Historical evolution of the interactions between secular law and the religious phenomenon. From the Roman Empire to the Second Modernity - Law and religion in modern democratic systems. The different models of secularism. Italian secularism - The challenges of multicultural and globalised modernity. Social justice and peace. The intercultural approach. The multilevel protection of religious freedom. European institutions (Council of Europe and European Union). Formal sources. The role of the ECHR and the role of the CJUE.
Freedom of religion and conscience. The Italian system of protection. - Analysis of national and supra-national case law on the following topics - Protected behaviour (proselytism, freedom of expression, exercise of worship, change of belief) and valid limitations. - Religion in the public space (religious clothing, symbols) and in the public debate (right of criticism, hate speech, commercial use of the religious message) - Religion in the employment relationship - Religion in marital and family relations - The education of minors. Public interest in ‘religious’ education.
Institutional profiles of relations between the State and religious organisations in Italy. The pact system - The Concordat with the Catholic Church and relations between Italy and the Vatican State - Definition of religious confession - Religious body, structure and legal status. The Minister of Worship. - Agreements under Article 8 of the Constitution - Institutional profiles of Italian Islam. - Comparative profiles and European analysis of national and supra-national case law.

1. C. CARDIA, Principi di diritto ecclesiastico. Tradizione europea legislazione italiana, Torino, Giappichelli, 2019, with the exclusion of:
- 4, 8,10,17 of chapter. I
- dei paragrafi 7,8, 9, 12,13 of chapter III

2 . Supplementary reading

COMPULSORY SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS FOR STUDENTS NOT ATTENDING, recommended for attending students.

a. Mario Ricca, Una modesta proposta. Intese estese e libertà d’intendersi, in CALUMET, Intercultural law and humanities review, 2106, Parte I, pp. 1-16.
b. Francesco Alicino, Libertà religiosa, in La Corte di Strasburgo, a cura di M. Buffa, M.G. Civinini, Gli speciali di Questione Giustizia, 2019, 458-468.
c. Marcello Toscano, Il crocifisso ‘accomodato’. Considerazioni a prima lettura di Corte cass.,Sezioni Unite civili, n. 24414 del 2021, in Stato Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, Rivista telematica (www.statoechiese.it), fasc.18, 2021, 1-24.
d. Angelo Licastro, La questione del velo in azienda e le politiche di neutralità per la prevenzione dei conflitti ideologici tra i lavoratori, in Consulta OnLine, 14 dicembre 2022, 1-15.
(testi reperibili on-line e disponibili sulla piattaforma e learning riservata agli iscritti al corso).

SUPPLEMENTARY READING RECCOMENDED
1. Rita Benigni, L’equilibrio tra libertà religiosa e d’impresa nel quadro dell’integrazione europea e le prospettive di una tutela uniforme delle convinzioni del lavoratore, in Osservatorio Costituzionale, Fasc. 1/2022, 1-21
2. Rita Benigni, L’obiettivo 4 dell’agenda 2030 e le evoluzioni in corso nei sistemi di educazione religiosa scolastica in Europa, in Il diritto ecclesiastico, 2022, 581-602
3. David Durisotto, L’uso della tecnica del bilanciamento e dell’apprezzamento ragionevole delle Corti europee in materia di libertà di religione e di convinzione, in QDPE, 2024, 1, 155-168.
(testi reperibili on-line o attraverso il sistema bibliotecario di Ateneo; disponibili anche sulla piattaforma e learning riservata agli iscritti al corso).

COURSE PROGRAM

Intercultural law is a methodology for the analysis and practical management of relations between legal systems and cultural and/or religious diversity. The need to develop and disseminate this methodology is a consequence of the progressive increase on the social scene of three factors:
(a) the increasing mobility of individuals on a transnational scale;
(b) the rapid processes of modification and pluralization of the ethno-cultural social composition of nation-states or regional politico-legal areas;
(c) the deterritorialization of intersubjective relations that give rhythm to legal experience, and the progressive non-coincidence or diffraction between the space in which the legal actions of individuals or groups unfold and the territorial scope proper to individual state systems.

The intercultural approach to law and cultural/religious differences differs, both in theoretical and practical terms, from private international law and comparative law in that it focuses on translating cognitive and behavioral habits into legal terms rather than primarily into legal rules. Its methodological and operational axes are based on three main assumptions:
(x) people are not norms
(y) cultures are not repertoires of customs but rather cognitive apparatuses;
(z) religions cannot be reduced to "religious denominations" and their relationship to law, and particularly to the law of democratic and secularized countries, must be analyzed with reference to the anthropological content of the categories underlying legal experience.
The legal-intercultural methodology that will be illustrated during the course focuses on the translation into legal terms of conduct engaged in by subjects belonging to cultures other than the Western one, or to religions outside the cultural-anthropological area of Christianity. This translational task, in turn, is aimed at determining the meaning of such conduct with a specific view to its proper legal qualification. The urgency of developing and acquiring the ability to handle cultural and religious difference in this way is closely related to democratic coexistence among people with different cognitive and value models and the need to set up everyday intersubjective relations in ways that are effectively in accordance with the law. These goals are also functional in removing socio-communicative obstacles that may in fact limit the freedom and equality of subjects of law and thus compromise their enjoyment of the prerogatives established by the positive legal system itself.
The course program will first address the analysis of the relationship between law, culture and religion in so-called secular legal systems. It will be articulated in practical terms through the examination of the main institutes of civil and criminal legal experience in order to grasp and underscore the incidence of cognitive-cultural and religious patterns in the semantics of individuals' conduct with respect to the application of positive law to concrete cases. Thus, for example, socio-legal practice will be considered in relation to the problems that may arise both for individuals and for the professionals assisting them, or for the judges who must judge their conduct, as an implication of the cultural and religious diversity of the parties involved, with reference to:
1. the conclusion of a contract (with people of different culture or religion), and so also
2. the management of labor relations;
3. and again, to the understanding and sanctioning of criminal conduct;
4. to business activities;
5. the arrangement of administrative practices;
6. the legal framework related to family, marriage and the regulation of the education of children;
7. the legal regulation of inheritance.

A further section of the course will concern the relationship between the secularization of law and religious traditions. The subject-matter of the lectures will be, in this regard, a detailed critical analysis of secularization in the field of law. The issue takes place in an entirely practical context. It can be effectively summarized in some sample questions. Is it possible to imagine a contract negotiation, for example, between a person of Italian culture and a person of Chinese culture disregarding their respective cultural and religious patterns? As well as come to the contract conclusion while ignoring the relationship between their actions and, respectively, the Christian and Confucian ethical-moral traditions? And this, especially, when considering the extraordinary anthropological impact of these traditions on the cognitive and behavioral patterns of both parties? Think about—as just one example—evaluative standards such as good faith and fairness, but also institutions such as contractual error, the lawfulness/unlawfulness of the cause in relation to the expectations of the parties, and the value/meaning each attributes to the object of the contract and its components. And again, is it possible to adequately interpret a will (especially a holographic one) drafted by a person of a culture that is different from that of the legal interpreter without knowing the anthropological and, specifically, cognitive-ethical patterns underlying their models concerning the intergenerational transmission of assets? Is it possible to qualify in terms of criminal relevance the conduct of a person of a different religion without understanding the relationship extant between that conduct and the meaning s/he attaches to single gestures on the basis of religiously derived anthropological patterns? And, more specifically, is it legally justifiable to disregard the difference in cognitive patterns of cultural and/or religious sources when distinguishing between ‘ignorantia facti’ and ‘ignorantia legis’, crushing the first over the second one—and, what is worse, consider the former ‘excusat’ and the latter ‘non’?
The list of issues raised requires a reconstructive analysis. It includes a cultural-historical and anthropological investigation. As such, it must address the broad resilience of cognitive and axiological patterns that derive from Christian theological-moral doctrines and that connote the legal lexicon of secularized Western legal systems. To this end, the course will examine the historical-conceptual influence of canon law and Christian moral theology in the formation of many current institutions of Western secular civil and criminal law. An influence that results in the presence in the legal lexicon of many Western legal systems--such as Italy's--of a pervasive legal theology. All of this raises the tremendously difficult and pressing question of whether this religious-cultural feature of many national legal lexicons can be combined with the demands (and promises) of universality and rationality inherent in Western secular legal modernity.
In its final part, the course will illustrate the technique of intercultural and interreligious legal translation as a solution in line with constitutional principles and human rights, and directed at overcoming the implicit, but no less pervasive, inequalities and discriminations arising from the cultural incompleteness of modern processes of secularization and, therefore, the universalization of legal experience.
Overall, the course aims to equip the law student, i.e., the jurist of tomorrow, with the interpretive and implementation tools that are indispensable for managing their activities in social circuits that are increasingly marked by, in sequence, the impact of globalization, the transnational mobility of individuals and, therefore, the demands of coexistence among people of different cultures and religions.

The suggested texts are divided into three blocks, denoted by numbers 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

1) M. Ricca (2008), Oltre Babele. Codici per una democrazia interculturale. Daedalo: Bari.

Or alternatively,

M. Ricca (2013), Culture interdette. Modernità, migrazioni, diritto interculturale. Bollati Boringhieri: Torino.


2. M. Ricca (2023) Traduzione interculturale, free download at link:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377852796_Traduzione_interculturale

3) Recommended optional readings:

Geraldina Boni, Andrea Zanotti (2024), Matrimonio e famiglia tra diritti religiosi e laici. Zanichelli: Bologna.

Additional texts, also in relation to the learning objectives proposed by students, may be indicated by the professor during the lectures.

MAIN TOPICS: FUNCTIONALITY OF PARLIAMENT AND EVOLUTION OF ITS ROLE. THE
SOURCES OF PARLIAMENTARY LAW - THE LEGISLATIVE FUNCTION - THE KNOWLEDGE FUNCTION-
INSPECTIVE - THE POLITICAL ADDRESS FUNCTION

Decisions nn.
-1/2014 on the electoral system.
-422/1995, 49/2003 E 4/2010 on political representation.
-22/2012 E 32/2014.
-120/2014.
-262/2017.

Reference Texts

S. M. CICCONETTI, DIRITTO PARLAMENTARE, GIAPPICHELLI, 2019

and two essays to choose from


1) N. LUPO, IL PRECEDENTE NEL PARLAMENTARISMO MAGGIORITARIO (P. 1-22), IN N. LUPO (A CURA DI), IL PRECEDENTE PARLAMENTARE TRA DIRITTO E POLITICA, IL MULINO, 2013.

2) E. GIANFRANCESCO, I PRECEDENTI: DA INTERNA CORPORIS AD ATTI DEL DIRITTO PARLAMENTARE (P. 269-303), IN N. LUPO (A CURA DI), IL PRECEDENTE PARLAMENTARE TRA DIRITTO E POLITICA, IL MULINO, 2013.

3) M. MANETTI, I LIMITI DELLA POLITICA NEL DIRITTO PARLAMENTARE (P. 305-329), IN N. LUPO (A CURA DI), IL PRECEDENTE PARLAMENTARE TRA DIRITTO E POLITICA, IL MULINO, 2013.

The purpose of this course aims to depict the role of the Medieval Church in the formation of Ius Commune in Europe and to examine the intertwinement of ecclesiastical categories with those of Roman Law and of Iura propria. More specifically, the contribution of Canon Law to the formation of the modern European Law will be examined from the administrative and economic points of view.

Attending students will deepen each topic examined progressively in the course of the lectures. For several topics covered in the course, the reference handbook will be as follows: Paolo Evangelisti, Il pensiero economico nel medioevo, Roma 2016.

Students not attending the course will be evaluated by written exam, consisting in a series of open-ended questions, on the following handbook:
E. Conte, Diritto comune. Storia e storiografia di un sistema dinamico, Bologna 2009 (the text is available in open access on academia.edu)

Subject of the course is the study of these topics:
I. Market regulation. Models of market organization. Antitrust regulation at European and Italian level. Regulatory and control Authority. The principle of competition and unfair competition. Advertising and protection against misleading advertising. Designation of origin and quality certification. Anti-competitive factors in corporate law. Professional practice and competition. Market of "ownership" of companies.
II. “Intellectual” Property. TRIPs Agreement and international trade. Distinctive features: firm, sign and brands; Internet domains. Franchising and merchandising.
Industrial inventions, designs and ornamental models; know how. New varieties of plants and biotechnological inventions. Research and development agreements. Copyright law reform. Protection of software, computer data bases and multimedia works.

Course Texts
- Civil code, recently enacted antitrust and intellectual property law provisions;
- Manual of Industrial Law:
1. AUTERI P., Diritto industriale, Giappichelli, Torino, last edition.

General part of corporate criminal law
Subjects
Corporate crimes
Financial crimes
Bankruptcy crimes
Banking crimes
Tax crimes

Mezzetti, Ambrosetti, Ronco, Diritto penale dell'impresa, Zanichelli, 2022

The Course firstly aims to provide, through the main available technical and scientific data, an understanding of the state of health of the Planet starting from the identification of the main biogeophysical processes that regulate the stability and resilience of the Earth system. In application of the Planetary Boundaries theory, existing critical issues and their causes will be highlighted.
The main documents of international environmental law and its evolution over the past fifty years will then be analyzed.
It will then move on to an illustration of European environmental law, highlighting the main rules of the Law of Treaties, the secondary law and the most relevant communications in recent years including the European Green Deal. The important role of action plans and European courts in the evolution of environmental law will be analysed. A special focus will be dedicated to the principles of environmental law, the concept of circular economy in its various meanings, and the systemic approach needed to face complexity.
In national law, the prominence of environmental issues in the Constitutional text and in the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court will be explored, as well as the norms of the Environment code with the various sectoral disciplines (waste, remediation, air, water, soil, etc.) with the various jurisprudence applying them.
It will examine whether we can speak of a real change in the economic Constitution of the country and the interactions between the economy and environmental protection, the concept of sustainable production. Special emphasis will be given to the administrative law of the environment (subjects of environmental policies, measures, proceedings, environmental and strategic impact assessments etc.).
It will be concluded by attempting to highlight the evolutionary process found in the discipline of environmental law today.

ATTENDING STUDENTS - MANDATORY TEXTS
G. Rossi (a cura di), Diritto dell'ambiente, Giappichelli, latest edition (only the topics studied during the course)

Francesco de Leonardis, Lo Stato ecologico. Approccio sistemico, economia, poteri pubblici e mercato, Giappichelli, 2023 (chapter one, see Teams channel)

Codice dell'ambiente, editio minor, Simone, latest edition (for environmental regulation)

NON ATTENDING STUDENTS
MANDATORY TEXTS
G. Rossi (a cura di), Diritto dell'ambiente, Giappichelli, latest edition (complete) + documents uploaded in Teams channel

Codice dell'ambiente, editio minor, Simone, latest edition (for environmental regulation)

SUGGESTED TEXT
Francesco de Leonardis, Lo Stato ecologico. Approccio sistemico, economia, poteri pubblici e mercato, Giappichelli, 2023

The course aims, first of all, to provide an overview of the role and the main functions of the financial system. The central part of the course is dedicated to an analysis of the technical characteristics and of the economic and management profiles of financial instruments and markets. Finally, the course presents the objectives as well as the organization and the behavioral models of financial intermediaries, also considering the role of regulation and supervision.
1. Real economy, financial system and financial intermediation
2. Theory of financial intermediation
3. Financial instruments
4. Financial markets
5. Banking
6. Investment services and asset management
7. Insurance
8. Payment systems
9. Risks in financial intermediation
10. Regulation and supervision
11. Monetary policy

Mishkin F.S., Eakins S.G. (2023), Financial Markets and Institutions, tenth edition, Pearson.

The main contents of the course are:

1. The financial system, the real system and intermediation
2. Theories of financial intermediation
3. The typical risks of financial intermediation
4. Financial instruments
5. Financial markets
6. Credit intermediation
7. Securities brokerage
8. Insurance intermediation
9. Strategy and organization of financial intermediation activities
10. Regulation in the financial system
11. Protection of consumers of financial services
12. Monetary policy and credit control
13. Payment systems
14. Fintech

Nadotti L., Porzio C., Previati D. (2022), Economia degli Intermediari Finanziari, quarta edizione, McGraw-Hill Education.

This course aims, first of all, to provide an overview of the role and the main activities carried out by the banks in the investment banking business. The central part of the course is dedicated to an analysis of the technical characteristics and of the economic and management profiles of the corporate finance transactions. Finally, the course presents the objectives as well as the organization and the behavioral models of bank intermediaries active in the market, also considering the role of regulation and supervision.
1. The segmentation of the banking market
2. The business of corporate & investment banking
3. The structured finance operations: the project finance
4. The leveraged buy-out
5. The securitization
6. The equity capital market services
7. The venture capital activity
8. The listing of companies and the role of financial intermediaries
9. The credit operations: from traditional formulas to complex structures
10. The bank-firm relationship

Fleuriet M. (2018), Investment banking explained: An insider’s guide to the industry, second edition, McGraw-Hill Education.

During the Academic Year 2019/2020 lessons have been entirely online. The course started on March 16th, during the strict lockdown: we did not have a single live lesson, not even one.
The lessons and class activities were not, however, subject of a deep rethinking, only the SSPLC program had a much smaller operational field (just payment systems).
We verified the raise of cyber attacks, surely related to the COVID-19 pandemic: given the billions of people globally that have been forced to stay at home, many transactions have shifted online. With employees largely working from home, attackers saw multiple areas of vulnerability: telecommunications, e-commerce and financial services industries have been increasingly impacted by COVID-19 online fraud, all have large digital adoption, financial information and payments at the center of their online experience, and fared relatively well compared to other industries during the pandemic.
Our objectives have been to understand deeply the scam mechanisms, collect technical information on how the frauds work. In terms of legal activity, our work was exclusively focused on giving legal advices, given the impossibility of in presential meeting with clients.

Specific aims of the SSPLC is to combine both the clinical approach and the ADR promotion.
In Italy, in fact, we have the Banking and Financial Ombudsman (Arbitro Bancario Finanziario, ABF), an out-of-court settlement scheme for disputes between customers and banks and other financial intermediaries, established in 2009 by the Bank of Italy to introduce an alternative mechanism that is faster and less expensive than civil litigation.

The theorical lessons (especially those at the beginning of the Course) are in fact integrated with the practical point of view, with the copresence in each lesson of the clinic counselor. So students work both under the academic teacher’s supervision, and the lawyer co-supervision.

Cases are assigned to team, variably of three/four students.
At the beginning of the course, individual work is preferred, since the team work requires an extra effort for the student. Accomplish a good team work skills in group assignments is considered one of the goals of the SSPLC.
A) Analysis of the case: especially, comprehension of the facts
First step is to verify that the clinic is competent Ratione materiae (consumer law); the parties involved fall under the definition of “consumer” and “trader”: Art. 2, par. 1, n. 1, Dir. 2011/83: «any natural person who, in contracts covered by this Directive, is acting for purposes which are outside his trade, business, craft or profession» « any natural person or any legal person, irrespective of whether privately or publicly owned, who is acting, including through any other person acting in his name or on his behalf, for purposes relating to his trade, business, craft or profession in relation to contracts covered by this Directive».
Then the second step is to really understand the facts: preparing legal strategies requires having, absorbing and comprehending large amounts of information (this involves ability to listen, ability to ask questions). Facts matter (standard burden of proof applies).

B) Methodology
Cases are analyzed according to a method which is determined by the clinical staff and the lawyer collaborating with the clinic.
Most of the time the first follow-up of the case is a request of advice by a national consumer association. The case is presented to the class by the clinical teacher and the lawyer.
Clinicians have first to check the legal basis. Then they determine whether the case has any merit and, if so, whether there are any viable defenses.
1) IDENTIFY THE PROBLEM (Theory):
A) FACTS:
i. Identify key information (which will set the context for the problem) and unclear terms and concepts (ensure that everyone understands the technical terms used; ensure that everyone has a similar understanding of the situation described in the problem: people have different modes of thinking about facts).
ii. Define the problem: investigate and organize facts.
iii. Analyze the problem (even with a critical point of view): «what really happened?»

B) LEGAL ANALYSIS:
i. Identify and qualify the legal issue: the client provides the clinicians with facts, not a list of legal theories
ii. Identify the applicable norms: the current legal framework in the consumers’ and small savers’ area is fragmented identify rules set by primary and sub-primary source; taking into account also rules other than consumer law (e.g.: banking law, EBA Opinions ecc.)
iii. Share the results with the rest of the clinicians. Cite the resources used. Discuss if there is a case.

2) POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS (Action: if there is a case)
i. Check the available evidence to support the client’s position (standard burden of proof applies).
ii. Try to settle (again: facts matter; better facts make for better settlements)
iii. Draft the claim (in groups): with participatory approaches and ICT-based methodologies
iv. Review of the claim by the lawyer

C) Drafting of the claim
Students will: (i) learn to use legal databases, which they were not previously familiar with (two lessons are entirely dedicated to teach students how to conduct a computer-assisted legal research); (ii) prepare written advice (iii) work in the class only with laptops (theirs or the ones provided by the Faculty), as they will learn to share document in clouds, use just one draft shared by the all class, mark it up and make it circulate by email;
-the entire ABF/ACF procedure is online, so that students will face with online dispute resolution (ODR).

Students will receive the relevant materials during class.

Fundamental rights in the historical evolution of legal systems - The rights of liberty - The social rights - The "new" rights - Fundamental rights and constitutional duties - The catalog of rights in the Italian Constitution - The mechanisms for the protection of rights.

1) F. Rigano - M. Terzi, Lineamenti dei diritti costituzionali, II ed., FrancoAngeli, Milano, 2022;
2) R. Nania (a cura di), Diritti fondamentali. aspetti teorici e temi attuali, Giappichelli, Torino, 2024;
3) F. Rimoli, Sulla retorica dei diritti, Mucchi, Modena, 2018.

Further information will be given during the course.

- Criminal law and European law: the story of a complex combination

- The principle of legality in criminal law

- The "reflex effects" of European law on national criminal law:
• The duty of conforming interpretation
• The principle of supremacy of EU law
• Effects "in bonam partem" and effects "in malam partem"
• Case Analysis

- European duties of criminal protection

- The protection of human rights in Europe
• Italian Constitution, the ECHR, the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights: "multi-level" protection and the dialogue between the Courts after the Lisbon Treaty
• Art. 3 ECHR and the prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment: the judgment Torreggiani (prison overcrowding) to Cestaro judgment (case Diaz)

- Article 7 ECHR: a new face for the principle of legality in criminal law?
The gradual overcoming of the two "double tracks":
• The "case Grande Stevens" and the sanctions on market abuse
• The curious case of urban confiscation from "Punta Perotti" to the Constitutional Court, through the ECtHR

- The new perspectives of the "European judicial criminal law"
• The "case Contrada" and the so called "concorso esterno in associazione mafiosa"
• The "judgment Taricco" and the "prescrizione" in the Italian legal system

A. Massaro, Appunti di diritto penale europeo, 2nd edition, Giappichelli, 2023.

The program will start with the examination of the tourism legislation, at international, national and local levels. Afterwards, the touristic enterprise and the different touristic activities will be analyzed, included notes on the touristic professions and vocational training. At last, the course will be devoted to the transport contracts, the hotel contract, the time-share, the travel contract, the organized tourism contracts, the touristic locations and the ADR in the touristic field. Attention will be devoted to highly topical matters such as the ruined vacation damage.

G. GRISI - S. MAZZAMUTO, Diritto del turismo, IV ediz., Torino, 2023.

The regulatory framework: the fundamental urban planning law
Expropriation procedure. Overview.
Public interventions in the territory
Urban planning restrictions
The PRG
The detailed plan
Environmental Protection
VIA, VAS and A.I.A.
The landscape constraints
The protection of cultural heritage
Property in urban planning
Expropriation for public benefit
The building permit / D.I.A. and S.C.I.A. building

S. Civitarese Matteucci- P. Urbani, Diritto urbanistico, ultima edizione

Introduction to the study of financial statements
The basic functions of financial statements
The nature of operating income and working capital
The purposes assignable to the annual financial statements
Relationship between income, accounting policies and the purposes of financial statements
The purposes of financial statements in business doctrine: the “alpha” purpose and the “beta” purpose

From the statement of accounts to the annual financial statements (epilogue entries, determination of the result for the year, general closing of accounts, opening entries and transfers)
The financial statement documents - Structure and content of the Balance Sheet, Income Statement and Cash Flow Statement (Articles 2423-ter - 2425-ter c.c.)
The general clause and principles for the preparation of financial statements (Articles 2423 - 2423-bis c.c.)
The special valuation criteria (art. 2426 civil code)
Tangible and intangible fixed assets (articulated accounting on amortization, depreciation, impairment, value restoration)
Securities and Equity Investments (accounting by cost method and equity method)
Receivables
Assets and liabilities in foreign currency (accounting)
Inventories (Lifo, Fifo, Cmp) (accounting entries)
Contract work in progress (accounting entries)
Equity

The contents of the notes to the financial statements, the report on operations and the cash flow statement

Translated with DeepL.com (free version)

During the course, professor will provide bibliographical indications and additional support material via the course's Teams platform (access to the platform may require prior registration via moodle).

First Part
The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting
Second Part
Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.
Third Part
Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting
The Sustainability Reporting

T.R. Ittelson, Financial Statements, Careers Pr. Inc, 2022.

The form of government in Italy - Sources of law - The bodies of political direction: the Parliament and the Government - The guarantee bodies: the President of the Republic, the Constitutional Court and the Judiciary - Territorial autonomies and their role in guaranteeing rights - Public Administration and Administrative activity - Foundamental rights and freedoms - Social rights in the Italian Constitution: conditional and unconditional social rights - The effectiveness of social rights as proof of the economic-financial crisis - The constitutional classification of social rights under the thematic profile: the rights inherent in the world of work; the right to health; the right to study - The social security system outlined by art. 38 Cost.: the distinction between assistance and social security - The historical evolution of the Welfare State: from birth, to maximum development, to the crisis - The model of the Social state accepted in the Italian legal system - Administrative transparency - Public contracts - Risk management - e-Government - Rights of the disabled persons and the Constitution - The protection of the rights of persons with disabilities in the logic of a multilevel protection: the right to assistance with the related economic provisions; the "new right" to socialization and effective participation in social life.

For the students of the Degree courses of the Department of Law who have to take the 7 CFU exam, the programme is reduced as follows:
Territorial autonomies and their role in guaranteeing rights - Public Administration and Administrative activity - Foundamental rights and freedoms - Social rights in the Italian Constitution: conditional and unconditional social rights - The effectiveness of social rights as proof of the economic-financial crisis - The constitutional classification of social rights under the thematic profile: the rights inherent in the world of work; the right to health; the right to study - The social security system outlined by art. 38 Cost.: the distinction between assistance and social security - The historical evolution of the Welfare State: from birth, to maximum development, to the crisis - The model of the Social state accepted in the Italian legal system - Administrative transparency - Public contracts - Risk management - e-Government - Rights of the disabled persons and the Constitution - The protection of the rights of persons with disabilities in the logic of a multilevel protection: the right to assistance with the related economic provisions; the "new right" to socialization and effective participation in social life.

General part
- A. BARONE – C. COLAPIETRO – G. SERGES, "Diritto pubblico per l’economia e gli studi sociali", Giappichelli, Torino, 2024 (being published); the "General part" in full and the "Special part" limited to chapters I, II, III e IV.

Special part
- C. COLAPIETRO - F. GIRELLI, Persone con disabilità e Costituzione, Editoriale Scientifica, Napoli, 2020.

The course will be developed in a series of seminars with experts on the following topics:
History and numbers of crime in Italy
Adult prisons in Italy. Numbers. Offences. Punishments. Suicides.
Juvenile prisons in Italy. Numbers. Critical issues. Analysis of the Caivano Decree
The staff and the figure of the prison director.
Th right of defence
Torture in Italy
The detention of migrants without crime
The security measures. The notion of the dangerounsness. Prevention measures
Media, prisons and crimes

Classroom readings will be recommended

Provide students with basic knowledge to understand: the hierarchy of sources in the banking sector; the role of the rules produced globally by the Basel Committee (the role of soft law); the regulatory role played by European institutions and authorities

Papers and slides will be distributed by the professor

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

LAW AND HUMANITIES 2023/’24



COURSE DESCRIPTION:
The course will first provide an introduction to the law and the humanities movement in general and then focus on several different, even if strictly connected, fields of study: e.g. law and literature, law and music, law and fiction, law and history, law and religion, law and truth, law and society. The course will question the traditional isolation of legal studies in analyzing law with reference to the other social sciences and, more generally, to a larger cultural context. Texts, symbols and representations, which have greatly influenced popular understanding of law, will be discussed in thematic weeks by professors coming from different parts of Italy and of the world.

COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
- to introduce students to the law and the humanities movement.
- to investigate the benefits of interdisciplinary studies.
- to develop a critical approach to legal texts.
- to understand law in the wider context of social sciences
- to stress the importance of the cultural context for a better understanding of law in the past as well as the present

ASSESSMENT TOOLS:
Final grades will be based on:
• Participation in class
• Midterm written work
• Final, oral exam

ATTENDANCE POLICY:
Attendance in class is compulsory to be admitted to the final examination, which will cover all the topics discussed during the course.

READING MATERIAL:
Every thematic week will be associated to introductory papers which will be progressively uploaded on the ‘Roma Tre’ e-learning platform.

Lessons will start on Tuesday 3 October 2023 at 2.15 p.m. From the following week, the course will be held every Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday from 2.15 to 4 p.m. and will end on Wednesday 6/12/2023.

HOW TO ENROL:
To enrol in the course, please send an e-mail to the teacher at the following address: sara.menzinger@uniroma3.it

SCHEDULE OF LESSONS:

7-9 October 2024: course presentation and first thematic week on “Law and Fiction” (prof. Sara Menzinger)

14-16 October 2024: “Law and Italian Literature” (prof. Sara Menzinger, prof. Justin Steinberg, University of Chicago)

21-23 October 2024: “Law and Medieval English Literature” (prof. Sara Menzinger, Dr. Chen Cui, University of Padua)

29-30 October 2024, h. 12.00-13.30 p.m.: Midterm Exam (written test): students will have to answer three/four open-ended questions on the previous 3 weeks topics

4-6 November 2024: "Law and Theology" (prof. Sara Menzinger, prof. Raphaël Eckert, Université de Strasbourg)

11-13 November 2024: “Law and Truth” (prof. Sara Menzinger, Dr. Andrew Cecchinato, University of Nottingham)

18-20 November 2024: “Law and Slavery” (prof. Sara Menzinger, Dr. Marjorie Carvalho de Souza, University of Salento )

25-27 November 2024: "Law and Music" (prof. Sara Menzinger, prof. Giorgio Resta and prof. Emanuele Conte, University of 'Roma Tre')

2-4 December 2024: final interviews for the Law and Humanities course

Every thematic week will be associated to introductory papers which will be progressively uploaded on the ‘Roma Tre’ Moodle platform.

This course offers students the opportunity to work on complex and cutting-edge questions of international law through preparation for, and participation in, a distinguished international law moot competition. In the process, students will develop and refine advanced legal research and advocacy skills. The moot competitions will usually include the Philip C Jessup International Law Moot Court Competition, the pre-eminent global mooting competition in international law. Students will be expected to attend sessions on research methodology, and then to undertake intensive research in international law, prepare written submissions and develop oral submissions which are then refined through mooting practice.
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
- undertake international legal research
- analyse and synthesise international legal information and materials
- apply international law to complex issues, and critique the law from a practical perspective, either individually or as part of a team
- prepare appropriate and practical written and oral arguments for a specialist legal audience
- reflect on their abilities to effectively undertake legal work as a member of a team.

Students will receive a reader which will include selected articles and excerpts from relevant literature on methodology in legal research

This course focuses on competition law from a comparative perspective (with particular reference to the European Union and the United States). It aims to provide students with the tools for understanding antitrust policies and their concrete implementation through the study of EU and US legislation, case law and enforcement practice. The course also includes in-depth analysis of specific topics related to sectors of interest (including digital markets) and the intersections between competition law and other areas of law, such as intellectual property law.
More in detail, it will cover:
The objectives of competition law;
Essentials of US antitrust law;
The role of competition rules in the EU;
Market power, market definition and barriers to entry;
Article 101 TFEU; Section 1 Sherman Act;
Article 102 TFEU; Section 2 Sherman Act;
Competition law and regulation;
Public and private enforcement;
Mergers (essentials)

Course textbook:

In addition to cases examined during lessons, a selection of readings will be recommended, mainly from the following textbook:

R. Whish – D. Bailey, Competition Law, Oxford University Press 2024- selected chapters (see moodle)

Course description:
The “International Humanitarian Law Legal Clinic” (IHL Legal Clinic) has been established in 2016 to permit students to acquire a sound knowledge on international humanitarian law, cooperate on a pro bono basis on projects with leading international and national institutions operating in this area and develop significant skills and a humanitarian-oriented approach beneficial for their competences, future professional activities and civil awareness. The IHL Legal Clinic is an optional course (7 CFU) opens to students from Roma Tre and those involved in exchange programmes (eg. Erasmus) qualifying for a final mark. The working language is English (students can also qualify for ‘Lingua giuridica’).

So far students involved in the Roma Tre IHL Legal Clinic have provided support to some of the most relevant international and domestic stakeholders as: The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC); Amnesty International; NATO (Allied Command Operations Legal Office at SHAPE); Geneva Call; the Italian Red Cross, IHL Commission; the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (see below ‘Past Projects’).

In 2024/2025 students of the IHL Legal Clinic will:
A) Acquire a sound knowledge of international humanitarian law through introductory lectures.
B) Be involved in research and practice-oriented projects commissioned by relevant stakeholders as International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and Geneva Call (TBC). See below for further details: ‘2024-2025 Projects’;
C) Be involved in dissemination activities after the completion of the clinical project with relevant stakeholders and partner institutions.

A selection process will permit to identify interested students due to some limits related to the management of the IHL Legal Clinic – eg. max. around 10/12 students (see below ‘relevant dates and application process’). Any student enrolled at the Department of Law (including Erasmus students or other foreign students involved in exchange projects) are invited to join the selection process.

Course Learning Objectives
• To provide students with a proper understanding of international humanitarian law and its relevance in the regulation of armed conflicts. A preliminary set of lectures managed by Prof. Bartolini will permit students to get familiar with international humanitarian law and issues of public international law relevant for this course. It is not required for students to have previously attended courses on public international law or international humanitarian law.
• To permit students to professionally interact with international institutions acting in the area of international humanitarian law through the participation in research projects and clinical activities commissioned by organizations partners to the Roma Tre IHL Legal Clinic
• The IHL Legal Clinic is inspired by a ‘learning by doing’ approach permitting students to develop their competences in legal research, drafting, writing and organization of activities, to facilitate the transfer of theoretical analysis into a practical and humanitarian-oriented perspective.

Course Learning Activities:
To achieve the above objectives, students will have to:
• Actively participate in the projects of the IHL Legal Clinic;
• Acquire a sound knowledge of international humanitarian law also through the textbook.
• Engage in class discussions/debates.

Assessment tools and attendance policy:
Students will be assessed on the basis of their contribution to the projects carried out the IHL Legal Clinic. Projects developed by the IHL Legal Clinic also require students to prepare draft reports and other preliminary material to be presented in class. Students are expected to participate in all classes as attendance is mandatory.

2024/2025 Projects and activities of the IHL Legal Clinic:
The IHL Legal Clinic will be managed in two phases:
A) Students will get familiar with international humanitarian law: Prof. Bartolini will manage
a series of lectures aimed to make students familiar with international humanitarian law (October-mid November 2024 see calendar below). Presentations by external speakers as officers of the Armed Forces will also be arranged. Students will be required to get familiar with the textbook: Nils Melzer, International Humanitarian Law. A Comprehensive Introduction (downloadable for free here). Relevant sections of the textbook will be discussed in class.

B) Clinical activities: From mid-November onwards, students will start to manage research projects involving relevant stakeholders.
In particular students will work on:
- Partnership with the International Committee of the Red Cross: “International Humanitarian Law in Action” database (https://ihl-in-action.icrc.org/). Students elaborate reports aimed at identifying real case-studies on compliance with international by States and organized armed groups based on open-access information. The ICRC has received positive feed-backs on this new instrument, to be used in training and dissemination activities for armed forces/organized armed groups, students and civil society, and has made reference to it in the 2018 statement to the UN Security Council open debate on protection of civilians in armed conflict.

- Cooperation with the International Committee of the Red Cross on ‘Test and train a large-language model on international humanitarian law’. Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the potential to assist ICRC legal advisers in finding relevant information and providing summaries and initial analysis based on pre-defined sources (‘datasets’). Thus, the ICRC has started collaborating with the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Essential Tech Centre to explore the development and assess the performance of an ICRC internal, non-public IHL-trained large-language model (LLM). As part of this process, the ICRC is seeking support from IHL students to test, evaluate, and train the LLM.

Relevant Dates and Application Process:
Students are invited to apply for the IHL Legal Clinic according to information provided below.
- A preliminary informal meeting to present the activities of the IHL Legal Clinic and provide relevant information will take place on Monday 23rd September 2024 at 12:00. The meeting will be held on-line through Teams. Please use this link to connect through Teams

- Students interested to take part in the IHL Legal Clinic are required to send an email to giulio.bartolini@uniroma3.it by Wednesday 25th September 2024 at 15:00 (earlier submissions are kindly encouraged). In this email students are kindly invited to provide: a) a letter of motivation for their interest to take part in the IHL legal clinic; b) as well as relevant information (e.g. through a CV) on: Their academic career (year of study, number of passed exams, average grade); Previous exams related to international law issues or legal clinics; Languages known.
- The selection process will imply an interview to be carried out in-presence (Room 1, Via Ostiense 161) or on-line on Thursday 26th September at 14.30. The interview will permit to assess the interest and capacity of candidates to take part in this innovative project also based on information provided above.
The selection will be held in-presence or on-line through Teams. Please use this LINK to connect through Teams.

Nils Melzer, International Humanitarian Law. A Comprehensive Introduction (free download)

The course introduces some of the main topics in the field of comparative constitutional law and the intersections between constitutional law and the digital revolution, with a focus on the Western legal tradition and constitutional democracy. It is organized in four modules. Module I. on State, constitutionalism(s), constitutional democracy and beyond (Lessons 1-10) presents the historical trajectory of constitutionalism towards constitutional democracy as well as the Russian and Chinese counter-models. Module II. on Crosscutting issues of constitutional democracy (Lessons 11-16) presents some relevant issues for constitutional democracies, including constitutional safeguards, horizontal and vertical separation of powers, systems of government. Module III. on Fundamental rights and the digital revolution (Lessons 18-21) focuses on Dignity, Freedom of Expression, Equality and non-discrimination, Freedom of thought and religion and on the impact of new technologies on them. Module IV. on Perspectives on digital democracy and digital constitutionalism (Lessons 22-27) investigates form a more general perspective the main challenges of the digital revolution for constitutional democracies. Lessons 17 and 28 are devoted to students’ presentations and to the final test respectively. For a meaningful participation in classes, it is essential to go through the assigned readings


I. STATE, CONSTITUTIONALISM(S), CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY AND BEYOND
1. Friday 20 October 8-10
Comparative constitutional law, constitutionalism and the digital revolution | Course structure and practical info

2. Wednesday 25 October 14-16
State, Constitutionalism, rights: three traditions

3. Thursday 26 October 14-16
From liberal to constitutional democracy: values and principles

4. Friday 27 October 8-10
From liberal to constitutional democracy: society, economy, and history

5. Wednesday 1 November 14-16
The crisis of constitutional democracy

6. Thursday 2 November 14-16
Crisis of constitutional democracy: crisis of the State?

7. Wednesday 8 November 14-16
Beyond the Western legal tradition

8. Thursday 9 November 14-16
The State beyond the western legal tradition: Russia

9. Friday 10 November 8-10
The State beyond the western legal tradition: China

10. Friday 10 November 10-12
Guest lecture by Shu Zghang (Deakin Law School), Introduction to Chinese Law

II. CROSSCUTTING ISSUES OF CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY
11. Wednesday 15 November 14-16
Constitutional safeguards I: constitutional review

12. Thursday 16 November 14-16
Constitutional safeguards II: Amending the Constitution

13. Friday 17 November 8-10
Separation(s) of powers and the political question doctrine

14. Wednesday 22 November 14-16
Legislative-executive relations and systems of government: parliamentarism

15. Thursday 23 November 14-16
Legislative-executive relations and systems of government: presidentialism and semi-presidentialism


16. Friday 24 November 8-10
Federalizing processes and vertical separation of powers

17. Wednesday 29 November 14-16
Student presentations (20 minutes each)

III. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND THE DIGITAL REVOLUTION
18. Thursday 30 November 14-16
From rights to dignity

19. Friday 1 December 8-10
Freedom of Expression

20. Wednesday 6 December 14-16
Equality and non-discrimination

21. Thursday 7 December 14-16
Religious freedom - Guest lecture

IV. PERSPECTIVES ON DIGITAL DEMOCRACY AND DIGITAL CONSTITUTIONALISM

22. Wednesday 13 December 14-16
Elections

23. Thursday 14 December 14-16
Parliaments

24. Friday 15 December 8-10
Guest lecture by Peng Guo - The digital and public power

25. Wednesday 20 December 14-16
The digital and private powers: regulating platforms

26. Thursday 21 December 14-16
Data sovereignty and digital constitutionalism

27. Friday 22 December 8-10
Digital constitutionalism in Europe and across the Atlantic

V. FINAL TEST
28. Friday 22 December 10-12
Written essay

A. Buratti, Westernm Constitutionalism, History, Institutions, Comparative Law, Springer, 2019
Readings will be listed in the syllabus and provided through the e-learning platform.

The first part of the course is dedicated to explaining the characteristics of financial systems and the differences between banks and other financial intermediaries.

The second part will provide students with basic knowledge of the rules governing banking and financial supervision and the management of banking crisis.

Concetta Brescia Morra, Il Diritto delle banche, il Mulino, terza edizione, 2020

The course illustrates and debates the following main topics:
• Strategic and organizational changes in the Financial Services Industry (FSI)
• Regulation and technology: their impact on competitive strategies
• Theoretical frameworks to analyse strategic and organizational change: from
Industrial Organization to Strategic Management in FSI
• Business strategies in FSI: the basic strategies and their application (cost
leadership, differentiation, segmentation)
• Corporate strategies in FSI: diversification and competencies
• The emerging challenges of Fintech
• Alternative Finance and Crowdfunding
• Evidences from European Banking Industry

For attending students: presentations, cases, articles and papers put on the course web page after or before the
lectures
If you need a reference book about financial services strategies, you can read (it’s not
compulsory): For non attending students the assesment is based on oral test. For this test you must read:
Disruptive Technology in Banking and Finance: An International Perspective on FinTech (Palgrave Studies in Financial Services Technology) 1st ed. 2021 Edition
You can buy ebook here:
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-81835-7#about-book-content
About strategy analysis, you can read: R. Grant, Contemporary Strategy
Analysis, Wiley, 2010

For non attending students, it is compulsory this book: For non attending students the assesment is based on oral test. For this test you must read:
Disruptive Technology in Banking and Finance: An International Perspective on FinTech (Palgrave Studies in Financial Services Technology) 1st ed. 2021 Edition
You can buy ebook here:
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-81835-7#about-book-content

The essential topics are:
- Change and environment-strategy-structure relationship in the financial services industry
- Competitive scenario: the relevance of regulation and ICT
- Porter model applied to the financial services industry
- The business strategies of financial institutions: environment, goals, tools
- The diversification strategies of financial institutions: theoretical profiles
- The diversification strategies of financial institutions: principal characteristics and execution
- Supply side analysis. The relationships between concentration, competition, profitability and efficiency in financial institutions: from the S-C-P paradigm to the New Industrial organization
- Demand side analysis in retail banking: segmentation criteria, financial investment decisions, role of financial literacy, social media use
- Operations efficiency analysis: efficiency indicators, scale and scope economies
- The diversification strategies: strategic alliances, M&A, bancassurance
- The Fintech role on the strategic trends in financial services industry
- The managerial roles for strategic management in banking groups

For attending students the texts are:

• D. Previati, Strategie competitive nei Servizi Finanziari, McGraw Hill, 2022
• Articles and other materials put on Moodle

For non attending students the assesment is based on oral test, based on the book D. Previati, Strategie competitive nei Servizi Finanziari, McGraw Hill, 2022
and the following articles (you can find them on Moodle):

• Banca d’Italia, Indagine Fintech nel sistema finanziario italiano, novembre 2021
• Di Antonio M., I processi di valutazione strategica nelle banche, 2022
• Fratini Passi L., Open banking: sfide nel mercato globale e prospettive per l’innovazione finanziaria, 2022
• Lucchini S., Il futuro delle banche, 2022
• Masera R., Nuovi rischi e regolazione delle criptovalute, 2022


• Suggested reading, not compulsory: V. Boscia, C. Schena, V. Stefanelli (a cura di), Digital Banking e Fin Tech, Bancaria Editrice, 2020
https://www.bancariaeditrice.it/digital-banking-e-fintech

The purpose of the course is to provide an introduction to the principles and norms of international law applicable to the inter-governmental organisations (IGOs). It discusses the essential topics of the law of international organisations, including powers, privileges and immunities, as well as membership rules, institutional structures, and accountability. There is a focus on the United Nations system, as the paradigmatic IGO, including the activities of the specialised agencies based in Rome. Special emphasis is placed on the interaction between universalism and regionalism. IGOs have developed into a pervasive phenomenon: a fundamental objective of the course is to develop a critical understanding of their impact vis-à-vis the current global challenges (big data, economic and financial crises, migration, armed conflicts, natural disasters, epidemics).

Course Schedule
Week 1: The rise of International Organisations: history and definition
Week2: Membership, voting and funding
Week 3: International Organizations and the law of treaties
Week 4: The International legal personality
Week 5: The doctrine of powers
Week 6: Institutional law-making: a new source of international law?
Week 7: The Treaty-making powers
Week 8: Sanctions and military operations
Week 9: International Organisations and digital technologies
Week 10: Issues of responsibility

J. Klabbers, An Introduction to International Organizations Law, 4th ed., Cambridge UP, 2022

Principle of legality in criminal material
Criminal neglicence
Apparent concurrence of norms
Concurrence of persons in the offence

Teaching materials provided in the course of the lectures.

Aiming to offer a reading of prison law in light of the Constitution, the course will be structured according to the following program:
- analysis of the constitutional dictate placed to protect persons deprived of their liberty;
- analysis of the relevant penitentiary legislation as an expression of the constitutional dictate;
- analysis of the main jurisprudential pronouncements, national and supranational, on the subject;
- analysis of the rights of persons deprived of their liberty (health, work, affectivity, education, religion, not to be subjected to torture, to have a space in accordance with dignity etc.);
- analysis of the main instruments of protection placed to guarantee persons deprived of their liberty both jurisdictional and extrajudicial;
- simulations of legal cases to be solved.

In order to foster direct contact between students and the prison context, discussions with operators and visits to prison institutions are organized.

-     S. Talini, La privazione della libertà personale, Editoriale Scientifica, Napoli, 2018
-     Marco Ruotolo, Silvia Talini (a cura di), Dopo la riforma: i diritti dei detenuti nel sistema costituzionale, Volume I, Editoriale Scientifica, Napoli, 2019 with the exclusion of some parts that will be specified in class.

The course aims to explore the constitutional dimension in which the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) fits, analysing the opportunities and risks for individual rights and freedoms arising from technological innovation, and also examining the contribution that constitutional principles can offer in guiding the regulatory framework applicable to AI.At the end of the course, students will have acquired a basic knowledge of the dynamics associated with the implementation of artificial systems and will be able to grasp the impact that AI can have on the main areas of the state-citizen relationship.
1) General overview of the constitutional protection of fundamental rights and freedoms.
2) Background and introductory remarks on AI.
3) Risks of misuse (discrimination, manipulation) and unjustified underuse (loss of opportunities) of AI.
4) Ethical and legal principles in the field of AI, with particular reference to the most recent regulatory (AI Act) and soft-law interventions at European and international level.
5) Impacts of AI on specific areas of the state-citizen relationship: AI and civil law issues; AI and health; AI and public administration; AI and data protection; AI and labour; AI and deepfake.

• G. SARTOR, L’intelligenza artificiale e il diritto, Giappichelli, 2022
• C. CASONATO, M. FASAN, S. PENASA (a cura di), Diritto e intelligenza artificiale, in DPCE Online - Sezione monografica, 2022, fasc. 1
(https://iris.unitn.it/retrieve/handle/11572/342189/552725/22.3%20DPCE%20AI.pdf)
• G. CERRINA FERONI, C. FONTANA, E.C. RAFFIOTTA (a cura di), AI Anthology, il Mulino, 2022 (limited to the Parts I e II)

Course materials for those attending will be indicated in the course of the lectures.

The functioning of financial system
The determinants of returns on financial assets
Money and central banks:
• the functions of money
• the demand and supply of money
• monetary policy and the impact on the real economy
• the objectives of monetary policy
• monetary policy strategies
• monetary policy after the great financial crisis
• digital currencies
• monetary policy in practice

There is no single text that covers all the topics of the course.
The following texts are useful references:
Frederic S. Mishkin, Stanley G. Eakins, Giancarlo Forestieri, Financial Institutions and Markets 8/Ed, Pearson.
Mishkin, Frederic S., Monetary Policy Strategy, MIT Press 2007 (available in English only).
The lecture slides, which are insufficient for exam preparation, are available on Moodle.

The course aims to develop the skills of students in legal analysis and research aimed at the resolution of practical problems in international business disputes settled through arbitration.

The course is focused on the participation of the students to the Willem C. Vis International Commercial Arbitration Moot (written memorials, oral hearings, pre-moots, finals in Vienna).

The course provides students with specialized skills to approach complex practical legal problems as counsel, develop advocacy and accomplish teamwork.

Jörg Risse, Markus Altenkirch, Ragnar Herbst, Annette Keilmann, Lisa Reiser, "The Complete (but Unofficial) Guide to the Willem C Vis Commercial Arbitration Moot", Beck/Hart/Nomos, last edition.

The course reflects on conflicts of religious and ethno-religious incidence in Europe, starting from the analysis of the normative sources of the European institutions (Council of Europe and European Union) and the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice.
Specifically, the course will focus on conflicts concerning religious behaviour protected by European legal systems and the limitations that legal systems may place on religious freedom. In particular, it will reflect on the safeguarding of religious pluralism; on the relationship between secularism and religious symbolism; on conflicts related to freedom of expression and religious criticism; on the educational freedom of parents and students and on national systems of religious instruction; and on the articulation of religious freedom in family and work relations.

Participants will be provided with doctrinal texts, analyzed sentences and bibliographical insights, also through the E-learning portal.

The course will focus to the main institutes of contract law, concerning its general part as well as the analysis of the main types of contacts and the most common contract clauses in practice. The students will be asked to participate in class through specific exercises aimed at understanding how to translate the theoretical notions into practice.

TEXTS AND TOPICS OF FOCUS WILL BE GIVEN DIRECTLY FROM PROFESSOR DURING THE LESSONS.

The term intersectionality, coined by feminist jurist Kimberlé Crenshaw,
refers to the need to take into account the intertwining axes of subordination of gender, race and class that run through society.
The course, carried out according to the ‘learning by caring’ approach of the Legal Clinics, will address concrete cases of intersectional discrimination affecting individuals who are particularly vulnerable in the face of access to justice, such as migrant women and asylum seekers, lgbtq+ migrants, and workers exposed to conditions of violence and exploitation.
The course is based on the ‘learning by caring’ methodology, aimed at fostering a non-vertical relational approach, encouraging eco-solidarity practices and creating spaces that are ‘safe’ from sexism, racism, homolesbotransphobia and ableism.

The course is organised in three modules
1) Critical theoretical in-depth module on issues related to the intersectional approach to law, critical migration and border studies, asylum law from a gender perspective, queer and decolonial theory.
2) Practical-legal module during which through the clinical-legal method the students will deal with real cases under the guidance of and lawyers
3) Practical module during which the students will provide legal consultancy to migrants and asylum seekers in vulnerable circumstances

E. Rigo, La straniera. Migrazioni, asilo, sfruttamento in una prospettiva di genere, Carocci, 2022

THE ORIGINS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL JUSTICE - ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT - THE JUDGEMENT ON THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF LAWS - THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONFLICTS – THE JUDGEMENT ON THE ADMISSIBILITY OF THE REFERENDUM - THE CONSTITUTIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE - THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT IN THE BALANCE OF POWERS - THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT AND THE COURTS OF EUROPE.

Students attending the course:
G. Zagrebelsky, V. Marcenò, Giustizia costituzionale, volume II, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2018, only chapters: I, II, III, IV.

Non-attending students:
G. Zagrebelsky, V. Marcenò, Giustizia costituzionale, volume II, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2018

3 CFU
G. Zagrebelsky, V. Marcenò, Giustizia costituzionale, volume II, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2018, from p. 83 to p. 220.

The models of the judicial system - The historical events of the laws on the judiciary - Constitutional principles and current sources of the judiciary. - The Superior Council of the Judiciary. - The position of the Minister of Justice and its relations with the C.S.M - The organization of the ordinary judiciary and the career of judges. - The Public Prosecutor in the Constitution and legislation. - The civil and disciplinary liability of judges. - Unity and plurality of jurisdiction and the repercussions on organizational models. - The judge, conventional international law and European law. - The difficult relationship between jurisdiction and politics

Students attending the course

F. Dal Canto, Lezioni di ordinamento giudiziario, Torino, Giappichelli, 2024, excluding chapters: I, II, XI, XIV (par. da 9 a 19) e XV

Non-attending students

F. Dal Canto, Lezioni di ordinamento giudiziario, Torino, Giappichelli, 2024

Principles, methods and techniques of private international law.

Jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters.

The European Enforcement Order for uncontested claims.

The law applicable to contractual obligations.

The law applicable to non-contractual obligations.

Jurisdiction, the recognition and enforcement of decisions in matrimonial matters and the matters of parental responsibility, and international child abduction.

Jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and the creation of a European Certificate of Succession.

Michael Bogdan & Marta Pertegás Sender, "Concise Introduction to EU Private International Law", Europa Law Publishing, 4th edition, 2019.

The intended subject specific learning outcomes.
On successfully completing the module students will be able to:
1 Demonstrate advanced understanding of the theoretical frameworks and processes in strategic management and performance measurement.
2 Critically apply appropriate strategic frameworks to plan and monitor corporate performance.
3 Critically apply relevant knowledge and judgement in selecting and applying strategic techniques in different business contexts and to contribute to the evaluation of the performance of an organization and its strategic development.
4 Demonstrate a critical awareness of current developments and new insights in strategic management and performance measurement.
The intended generic learning outcomes.
On successfully completing the module students will be able to:
1. Deal with complex issues both systematically and creatively
2. Apply a variety of problem-solving tools and methods autonomously
3. Effectively communicate their conclusions, and the thinking underlying them in written form
4. Demonstrate an ability to work proactively to formulate solutions.
Classroom exercises are planned

_Galeotti M., Garzella S. (2013), Governo strategico dell'azienda, G. Giappichelli Editore, Torino
_Tutino M. (2012), Performance, Valore e Misurazione dei Risultati nell’Azienda, Franco Angeli, Milano
_Handouts made available by the teacher
_Classroom exercises

The course material will be uploaded on the Uniroma Tre e-learning platform.

The course is based on practical tests. is part of the writing courses

The material will be provided in class. Since these are writing courses, there are no reference texts

The course is based on the performance of practical tests

Since these are writing courses, there is no reference textbook. The necessary materials will be provided in class

CALENDAR OF MEETINGS TRAINING ACTIVITIES


MEETING I (2 hours)
The incidental trial and the conduct of the public hearing (only for those not taking the Constitutional Trial Law course)

II MEETING (2 hours)
The acts of the incidental trial

III MEETING (2 hours)
Illustration of the case for mock trial

IV MEETING (2 hours)
Illustration of the case for the public hearing (only for those attending the visit)

V MEETING (2 hours)
Correction of party briefs (only for those playing the role of party counsel)

VI MEETING (2 hours)
Correction of the State's attorney's briefs (only for those interpreting the role of state's attorney)

VII MEETING (4 hours)
Participation in the Public Hearing (not mandatory)

VIII MEETING (2 hours)
Conduct of the mock trial

IX MEETING (2 hours)
Correction of the judgment (only for those playing the role of constitutional judge)

The legal clinic in question pursues the goal of offering legal protection to and for the residents of the
metropolitan area of Rome who see their right to the city compressed or threatened understood -
schematizing and without claiming to be exhaustive of the complex issues related to life in the
metropolis - as the right to inhabit (right to housing), the right to a healthy and equitable urban environment
(spatial justice) and the right to fair and efficient mobility (mobility rights), in this also encompassing
the accessibility of the urban area itself and its (infra)facilities (right to roam).
The operation of the clinic involves the involvement of a legal counsel and the advice of experts in
geography and urban sociology. To this end, a financial contribution in the amount determined by the
Department.

STATO FEDERALE E STATO REGIONALE;
LA VICENDA DEL REGIONALISMO ITALIANO;
L’AUTONOMIA STATUTARIA;
L’ORGANIZZAZIONE DELLA REGIONE;
L’AUTONOMIA LEGISLATIVA REGIONALE NELLA EVOLUZIONE DELLA GIURISPRUDENZA COSTITUZIONALE;
L’AUTONOMIA AMMINISTRATIVA E FINANZIARIA;
IL GIUDIZIO IN VIA PRINCIPALE
IL CONFLITTO DI ATTRIBUZIONE TRA ENTI

There are no exam texts. The study material will consist of lesson notes.

Class Calendar

Thursday 10 October Introduction to the themes of the course:
• Cultural property and cultural heritage
o identity and community
o community and cultural production
o cultural production and resistance
• Colonial and post-colonial
• The West and the rest
• Museums
• International law and its institutions
o national, international, global
o community, nation, state
o Indigenous Peoples
o legal protection of cultural property and cultural heritage
o immovability and movability
o tangibility and intangibility
o digitization
o commodification
o intellectual property
Thursday 17 October Cultural property in the colonial and post-colonial periods

Thursday 24 October International Law I:
• Structure, instruments and institutions
• Cultural property and cultural heritage

Thursday 31 October International Law II:
• Cultural property and cultural heritage
• Intellectual property

Thursday 14 November (Mis)appropriation I: Tangibles
• Relocation and decontextualization

Thursday 21 November (Mis)appropriation II: Intangibles
• Decontextualization, digitization and commodification

Thursday 28 November Restitution and resistance:

F Macmillan, Intellectual and Cultural Property: Between Market and Community (Routledge, 2021), chs 3, 4, 5 & 7

F Macmillan, “Intellectual Property and Cultural Heritage: Towards Interdisciplinarity" in I Calboli & M L Montagnani, Handbook of Intellectual Property Research: Lenses, Methods, and Perspectives ((Oxford, 2021)

F Macmillan, “Regulating Communities: Strategies for an Open Museum Sector” in M Arisi & G Dore, Open Up Museums! (LED Edizioni, 2024)

A Vrdoljak, International Law, Museums and the Return of Cultural Objects (Cambridge, 2006), chs 1, 2 & 4-7

UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 1970
UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage 1972
UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage 2003
UNESCO Convention for the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions 2005
UNIDROIT Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects 1995
WTO Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property 1995

The judicial system of the European Union.
EU Procedural law .

Additional parts will be provided in relation to the case chosen by the moot court competition.
Additional parts will be provided in relation to the case chosen by the moot court competition.

R. Baratta, Institutions of EU Law
K. Lenaerts, EU Procedural Law
Selected Parts of the Oxford Principles Of European Union Law: The European Union Legal Order, will be provided to the students

The course aims to offer an original perspective on the Roman law through the masterpieces of the great artists whose paintings represented the Roman past. Topics studied include the role of religion and myth in ancient Rome, politics and warfare, the status of women and other subjects pertaining to the Roman World. By the end of the module it is expected that students should have the knowledge and understanding to account how each artist has interpreted the ancient Roman world, and why does this world inspired painters.

S. GALEOTTI, De Chirico e Lucrezia Romana, Pisa: Pacini editore, 2023.
The course material will be uploaded on the Uniroma Tre e-learning platform.

All the English courses carry 4 ECTS for “Legal English/Lingua giuridica” which will be granted after passing the relevant exam. In order to follow the courses in English and to be able to obtain the 4 additional ECTS in Legal English (‘Attività – Lingua giuridica’) with the final examination, students must have a B1-level language certificate. The 4 additional ECTS in Legal English may only be awarded once, i.e. only for one course. The courses called ‘Lingua giuridica’ (‘Legal English’) cannot be selected as individual courses but only be added to the corresponding course with the same name.

Every thematic week will be associated to introductory papers which will be progressively uploaded on the ‘Roma Tre’ Moodle platform.

The purpose of the course is to provide an introduction to the principles and norms of international law applicable to the inter-governmental organisations (IGOs). It discusses the essential topics of the law of international organisations, including powers, privileges and immunities, as well as membership rules, institutional structures, and accountability. There is a focus on the United Nations system, as the paradigmatic IGO, including the activities of the specialised agencies based in Rome. Special emphasis is placed on the interaction between universalism and regionalism. IGOs have developed into a pervasive phenomenon: a fundamental objective of the course is to develop a critical understanding of their impact vis-à-vis the current global challenges (big data, economic and financial crises, migration, armed conflicts, natural disasters, epidemics).

Course Schedule
Week 1: The rise of International Organisations: history and definition
Week2: Membership, voting and funding
Week 3: International Organizations and the law of treaties
Week 4: The International legal personality
Week 5: The doctrine of powers
Week 6: Institutional law-making: a new source of international law?
Week 7: The Treaty-making powers
Week 8: Sanctions and military operations
Week 9: International Organisations and digital technologies
Week 10: Issues of responsibility

J. Klabbers, An Introduction to International Organizations Law, 4th ed., Cambridge UP, 2022

This course offers students the opportunity to work on complex and cutting-edge questions of international law through preparation for, and participation in, a distinguished international law moot competition. In the process, students will develop and refine advanced legal research and advocacy skills. The moot competitions will usually include the Philip C Jessup International Law Moot Court Competition, the pre-eminent global mooting competition in international law. Students will be expected to attend sessions on research methodology, and then to undertake intensive research in international law, prepare written submissions and develop oral submissions which are then refined through mooting practice.
At the end of this course, students will be able to:
- undertake international legal research
- analyse and synthesise international legal information and materials
- apply international law to complex issues, and critique the law from a practical perspective, either individually or as part of a team
- prepare appropriate and practical written and oral arguments for a specialist legal audience
- reflect on their abilities to effectively undertake legal work as a member of a team.

Students will receive a reader which will include selected articles and excerpts from relevant literature on methodology in legal research

TThe IHL Legal Clinic permits selected students involved in the International Humanitarian Law course at the Roma Tre Law Department both to cooperate on pro bono projects with leading international and national institutions operating in the area of international humanitarian law and acquire significant skills and a humanitarian-oriented approach beneficial for their competences, future activities and civil awareness.
The IHL Legal Clinic aims to put students to the test of humanitarian and legal challenges raised by contemporary armed conflicts and other crisis through cooperative projects with relevant stakeholders.


As for the 2018-2019 academic year planned projects will involve, for instance, cooperation with the International Committee of the Red Cross and the NATO SHAPE Legal Office and Amnesty International.
For further info see http://studylaw.uniroma3.it/international-humanitarian-law-legal-clinic_c10029.aspx

Students will receive the relevant materials during class.

This activity is connected to the course Comparative Competition Law, taught in English, which focuses on competition law from a comparative perspective (with particular reference to the European Union and the United States). It aims to provide students with the tools for understanding antitrust policies and their concrete implementation through the study of EU and U.S. legislation, case law and enforcement practice. In addition to dealing with individual cases, the course includes in-depth study of specific topics related to sectors of interest (including digital markets) and the intersections between competition law and other areas of law, such as intellectual property law. In addition, the course provides for the active participation of students in the analysis and discussion of relevant case law and in the simulation of trials.

In addition to cases examined during lessons, a selection of readings will be recommended, mainly from the following textbook:

R. Whish – D. Bailey, Competition Law, Oxford University Press 2021- selected chapters

The course includes a general part where the fundamental concepts and areas of Comparative Constitutional Law are introduced (constitution, constitutionalism, State and democracy, government vs. governance, separation of powers, systems of government, federalism and other types of State organization). It then focuses on selected topics of digital democracy: such as the rise of private (vs State) powers and digital constitutionalism, issues of digital surveillance, regulation of Artificial intelligence and the use of technology in relation to state structures (Judiciaries, Parliaments, Governments).

Readings will be provided on the e-learning platform.

Principles, methods and techniques of private international law.

Jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters.

The European Enforcement Order for uncontested claims.

The law applicable to contractual obligations.

The law applicable to non-contractual obligations.

Jurisdiction, the recognition and enforcement of decisions in matrimonial matters and the matters of parental responsibility, and international child abduction.

Jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and the creation of a European Certificate of Succession.

Michael Bogdan & Marta Pertegás Sender, "Concise Introduction to EU Private International Law", Europa Law Publishing, 4th edition, 2019.

The judicial system of the European Union.
EU Procedural law .

Additional parts will be provided in relation to the case chosen by the moot court competition.
Additional parts will be provided in relation to the case chosen by the moot court competition.

Assessment during the semester

The course aims to offer a broad, multi-disciplinary view of law. Law cannot be analysed, studied, understood using only the categories of positive law itself. Law is in itself a social phenomenon. In addition to a normative reading of the content of law, historical, social, political, economic and cultural observation is always desirable. During the course, an in-depth look at the semantic fields of peace and war, human rights, state sovereignty, criminal justice and imprisonment will be taken.

For students who do not attend the course

1) Sociologia del diritto di Giuseppe Campesi, Luigi Pannarale, Ivan Populizio, Le Monnier, 2017
2) Patrizio Gonnella, Dario Ippolito (a cura di).Bisogna aver visto. Le carceri nella riflessione degli antifascisti. Edizioni dell'Asino, 2019
oppure
Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein. Perchè la guerra. Bollati Boringhieri, 1997

GIVE AN INTEGRATED TRAINING OF RELATIONS BETWEEN LAW AND ECONOMY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE PROVISIONS OF PUBLIC ECONOMIC EVENTS:
1. LE REGOLE DELLO SCAMBIO ECONOMICO (LA GOVERNANCE SOCIETARIA, LA CONCORRENZA, L'ATTIVITÀ FINANZIARIA);
2. LE REGOLE PER L'EFFICIENZA ALLOCATIVA (IL MERCATO DEI BENI PUBBLICI: LE RETI E I SERVIZI; LE INFRASTRUTTURE);
3. LE REGOLE PER LE POLITICHE DISTRIBUTIVE (LA POLITICA FISCALE, LA POLITICA DI BILANCIO E LA POLITICA TRIBUTARIA).

CARDI E., MERCATI ED ISTITUZIONI IN ITALIA, GIAPPICHELLI, TORINO, V EDIZIONE 2022 or MERCATI E ISTITUZIONI IN EUROPA, GIAPPICHELLI, TORINO, 2024.

The course will focus on the detailed and "monographic" analysis of individual institutions and topics already addressed during the course of labor law.
In particular, it will cover some issues that concern, on the one hand, the major themes of labor law, such as, for example, the issue of collective bargaining between freedom of choice of applicable law and minimum standards of treatment to be provided to the employees, or even the topic of the protection provided under labor law in response to the changes in the organization of business produced by new technologies and the global market, and the issue of waivers and transactions entered into by the workers and, on the other hand, the in-depth examination of individual controversial aspects of employment law such as fixed-term employment, procurement and secondment, collective dismissals or the possible devolution of employment disputes to arbitrators, and, furthermore, the most recent debate on citizenship income, minimum wage and work-life balance.

R. PESSI - G. PROIA - A. VALLEBONA, Approfondimenti di diritto del lavoro, Torino, Giappichelli, 2021.

The course will focus on the study in a"monographic" manner of individual institutes and topics already studied during the course of labor law.
In particular, we will address some problems that touch, on the one hand, the major issues of labor law, such as, for example, the issue of collective bargaining between freedom of choice of the applicable discipline and minimum standards of treatment to be ensured for workers, or even the issue of the protection of labor law in front of changes in the business organization due to new technologies and the global market, and the issue of renunciations and transactions made by workers and, therefore, of the mandatory protection and unavailability of rights, on the other hand, the deepening of individual controversial institutions of the matter such as fixed-term work, contracts and secondments, collective dismissals or the possible devolution of labor disputes to arbitrators, and, on the other hand, the more recent debate on citizenship income, minimum wage and termination of life and work times.

R. PESSI - G. PROIA - A. VALLEBONA, Approfondimenti di diritto del lavoro, Torino, Giappichelli, 2021.

The sources of agrarian law.

Land ownership in the Constitution, the Civil Code and special legislation (obligations, constraints and duties for the owner, special ways of acquiring direct farming property, special forms of succession by death).

The agricultural enterprise (primary and related activities, statutes of agricultural and equivalent enterprises also in relation to subjective requirements, agricultural producer organisations and interprofessional organisations).

Agri-food law. Food labels. Food safety. Unfair commercial practices.

Animal husbandry and protection.

Farming and related contracts (supply chain agreements, framework contracts, cultivation, breeding and supply contracts, contracts for the transfer of agricultural and food products).

Agricultural market interventions and the regulation of competition in agriculture.

Quality agri-food products.

Agrarian contracts for cultivation and breeding.

Agriculture, environmental protection, renewable energy

Spoto G., Diritto agrario e dell'alimentazione, Mondadori Education, in press

The course proposes an analytical examination of one of the classics of 20th century legal philosophy, namely HLA Hart's The Concept of Law. In particular, the course will deal with the following topics:
- the nature of (legal) norms
- sovereignty
- law as the union of primary and secondary rules
- the Rule of Recognition
- legal interpretation
- the relationship between law and morals
- The Postscript

Herbert L.A. Hart, Il concetto di diritto, Einaudi, 2002.

The course aims to define the principle phases of the development of western contemporary legal systems. Particularly we will describe the political, economic and cultural basis of constitutionalism and codification from the Old Regime to the recent evolutions.

1) P. Alvazzi del Frate, Giustizia e garanzie giurisdizionali, Torino, Giappichelli, 2011
2) Fonti per il corso di storia delle codificazioni moderno, a cura di P. Alvazzi del Frate et al., Torino, Giappichelli, 2023

The course aims to initiate a critical interpretation of Roman political and legal history, in particular through the reading of ancient sources and the examination of modern historiographical interpretations.
The course is intended to be a synthetic exposition of the law-legal phenomenon relating to the historical-political reality of Rome, from the origins of the primitive civitas to the empire of Justinian
Topics covered:
1. Main characteristics of the periods of development of Roman public law (10 h.);
2. Constitutional right and administrative law in the various periods of Roman history (20 h.)
3. Criminal law (10 h.)
4. Sources of Roman law (10 h.)
5. Medieval, modern and contemporary publicistic juridical categories (6 h.)

L. FASCIONE, Manuale di diritto pubblico romano (2a ed.), Torino, 2013.

Alternatively:
A.SCHIAVONE (a cura di), Storia giuridica di Roma (2a ed.), Torino, 2024.
Students must study the programme parts corresponding to the following sections of the book:
Part I:
Ch. I; Ch. III
Part Two:
Ch. I; Ch. II, Ch. IV
Part Three:
Ch. I; Ch. II, Ch. IV
Part Four:
Ch. I; Ch. II; Ch. IV.

DEFINITION OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW – RULE OF LAW AND RELATED PRINCIPLES – STRUCTURE OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY – SINGLE CRIMES: GENOCIDE AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY; WAR CRIMES; AGGRESSION – BASIC RULES OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT.

Strutture del diritto penale internazionale, Giappichelli, 2018

The course is divided into the analysis of the following topics:
FIRST PART: Historical introduction and basic concepts (Constitutional profiles of social rights to health and social assistance, History of Italian health system in a national and comparative perspective);
SECONDO PART: Health planning, social service planning and essential care levels (LEAs); the division of legislative and administrative competences and the links between State and local authorities; The organization of the National Health Service and Regional Health Service;
THIRD PART: Practical issues related to Health law (Patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare and inter-regional healthcare; the liability of the medical structures; competition law and health law; commerce of pharmaceutical products).

Students can choose between two textbook:
1) A. PIOGGIA Diritto sanitario e dei servizi sociali, Giappichelli, Torino, 2020
only the following chapters
CAPITOLO I
I DIRITTI SOCIALI ALLA SALUTE E ALL’ASSISTENZA
CAPITOLO II
LE FONTI DEL DIRITTO SANITARIO E DEI SERVIZI SOCIALI
CAPITOLO III
IL SISTEMA SANITARIO

2) C. BOTTARI, La tutela della salute: lavori in corso, Giappichelli, Torino, 2020
only the following chapters
CAPITOLO I
NASCITA ED EVOLUZIONE DELL’ORGANIZZAZIONE SANITARIA NAZIONALE E DEL DIRITTO ALLA TUTELA DELLA SALUTE
CAPITOLO II
L’ORGANIZZAZIONE DELL’ASSISTENZA
CAPITOLO III
IL FINANZIAMENTO
CAPITOLO IV
IL SISTEMA DI EROGAZIONE DELLE PRESTAZIONI SANITARIE
CAPITOLO X
IL CONSENSO NEL TRATTAMENTO TERAPEUTICO

For attending students, there is a different modulation of the program that will be indicated in class in connection with their active participation in the course.
For all students, the documents uploaded to e-learning constitute further study material.

Basic concepts in risk management and insurance
Insurance regulation
Insurance Company Operations
Life Insurance
Property and casualty insurance

George E. Rejda, Michael McNamara (2013) Principles of Risk Management and Insurance (12th Edition) (Pearson Series in Finance)

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS EVALUATION
2.1 EVALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws in certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return on a financial transaction. Theory of financial equivalence laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuations of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

The course’s analitic lineaments will pursue a diachronic recognition of the justice’s evolution during various centuries, according to a non linear ermeneutic path and its whole empirical-practical experiences.
In particular, the examination of the juridical system and the rituals that abide to the trial will take place in a non uniformal historical – juridical standard, which contemplate a compositive and extrajuridical resolution of conflicts, with afflictive penalties, and that will coexist until the beginning of the XIII century, with the birth of ordines iudiciarii and the strict formalization of the usual phases of the roman – canonical’s procedures.
It will be transformed in details by local laws, even though the trial’s general process will remain the same through centuries.
Next we will consider the newest changes and the firsts criminalistic science’s speculations which the Ancien Regime’s legal practice will refer to.
The course will also analize the new juridical system’s profiles, the usual normatives and the main istitutes that mark, in their gradual and progressive being, the second Modern Age until the last outcome deriving from the juridical enlightment, following an european path.

Referral texts for non-attending students

The lecture notes indicated below will be provided directly by the professor following a request from the student, to be sent to the following email address: monica.chiantini@gmail.com


M. Ascheri, Profili dei tribunali dal Medioevo all’Età moderna

M. Chiantini, Note di diritto e procedura penale. Secoli XVI-XVIII

Il programma comprende inoltre lo studio dei capitoli delle seguenti monografie:

M.VALLERANI, La giustizia pubblica medievale, Bologna, 2005(capp. I e II)

M.ASCHERI, Tribunali, giuristi e istituzioni, Bologna, 1989 (capp. I-II-III)


Referral texts for attending students:

For attending students the final exam will focus on the lecture notes indicated below. Alternatively students can write and discuss an essay about one of the topics covered during the course. The essay must be arranged with the professor.

The lecture notes indicated below will be provided directly by the professor following a request from the student, to be sent to the following email address: monica.chiantini@gmail.com

M. Ascheri, Profili dei tribunali dal Medioevo all’Età moderna

M. Chiantini, Note di diritto e procedura penale. Secoli XVI-XVIII

Topics that will be covered in the course: 1. Children’s rights in international acts and in the EU legislation – 2. Child protection between administration and jurisdiction – 3. Child protection: competencies’ distribution between central authority and local authorities – 4. Administrative protection of the child: (in Italy) social services, foster communities’ activities and family support. – 5. Children and trial – 6. Children and the right to be heard – 7. Children and the protection of vulenrability – 8. The protection of children with disabilities – 9. The protection of children with imprisoned mothers – 10. The protection of nomadic children – 11. The protection of the foreign children – 12. Children and humanitarian protection – 13. Unaccompanied children – 14. Children and denial of refugee status – 15. Children and issues related residence permit – 16. The children’s right to a family status: the right to grow up in one’s own family – 17. Children’s family relationships – 18. Parental responsibility – 19. The custody of children with family difficulties – 20. The right to a substitute family (adoption) – 21. Children’s right to build his or her own family – 22. The rights of the child in social life (the rights of citizenship) – 23. Children and violence – 24. The child’s right to health – 25. Children’s right to education – 26. Bullying and cyberbullying – 27. Privacy and children rights.

ETTORE BATTELLI, Diritto privato delle persone minori di età, Giappichelli, Torino, 2021

The Professor will supply all the required materials (mainly slides and notes) available on the e-learning platform.

The course is divided in two parts. The first part covers the history of the social security matter and provides a brief review of the political, sociological and economic theories, analyzing the origin and the development of the Italian welfare system.
The course focuses on the principal characters of the welfare system in its transformations within the last twenty years.
The second part of the course aims at rebuilding the legal system of the Italian welfare system with particular emphasis on the development and reforms of the Italian pension system. The second part of the course also focuses on the link between public and private welfare under Italian law, with particular regard to the development of the complementary allowances (so-called “previdenza complementare”).

*****

Student who followed the course on social security economy shall replace the first part of the course with an essay on a particular topic chosen in agreement with Professor.

Students coming from degree courses in economics may have to integrate the basic program with further material to reach the 9CFU.

- B. DOUGLAS BERNHEIM, MICHAEL D. WHINSTON, MICROECONOMIA, SECONDA EDIZIONE, MILANO, MCGRAW HILL, 2013 (ONLY SECTIONS 9,10 AND 20);
- NICHOLAS BARR, ECONOMICS OF THE WELFARE STATE, OXFORD, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2012 (ONLY SECTIONS 3,4 AND 7);
- PAOLO BOSI (A CURA DI), CORSO DI SCIENZA DELLE FINANZE, SESTA EDIZIONE, BOLOGNA, IL MULINO, 2012 (ONLY SECTIONS 1 AND 8).

- ROBERTO PESSI, LEZIONI DI DIRITTO DELLA PREVIDENZA SOCIALE, PADOVA, CEDAM, 2024 (ONLY SECTIONS I, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII e XIV. However, it is also recommended to read sections II to VI)

STOCHASTIC CASH-FLOWS AND INSURANCE CONTRACTS
Expected Value Criterion
Utility Function
Expected Utility Criterion

BASIC DISTRIBUTION MODELS IN LIFE INSURANCE
Random Future Lifetime of a Life aged x
Life tables

LIFE INSURANCE: PRICING
Elementary life insurance products
Survival benefits
Death benefits
Endowment insurance products
Single premium and periodic premiums. Natural premiums

LIFE INSURANCE: RESERVING
Net Premium Reserve. Prospective Reserve
Retrospective Reserve
The time profile of the policy reserve
Recursive equations. Risk and savings
Homans’ Formula. Expected Profit

EXPENSE LOADINGS
The Expense-Loaded Premium
Expense-Loaded Premium Reserves
Counterinsurance

---

PENSION PLANS
Social security framework
Contributions and benefits
Funding system
Benefits calculation
Demographic risks
System sustainability
Contributions calculations
Supplementary pension schemes
Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASI/IV) scheme
Exact Individual Trajectories (E.I.T.)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

The teaching program will focus on the relationship between conflicting values and fundamental principles. After an introductory section, aimed at presenting the fundamental terms of bioethics and biolaw, some of the most relevant and today's most discussed issues will be explored in depth, through constant reference to practical and case law cases:
I. Dignity and autonomy between bioethics and the market (surrogacy, prostitution)
II. Dignity and self-determination (end-of-life choices and informed consent)
III. Conscientious objection

Introductory section:
- P. Borsellino, Bioetica tra “morali” e diritto, Raffaello Cortina, Milano, 2018, cap. 1 (La bioetica. Problemi, sviluppi, prospettive), con esclusione del par. 9: pp. 21-57; M. Reichlin, Fondamenti di bioetica, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2021: cap. 2 (Tipi di etiche normative: pp. 29-47); cap. 8 (Il diritto alle cure e l'allocazione delle risorse sanitarie), escludendo il par. 8.3; e cap. 9 (Il potenziamento delle capacità umane), limitato al solo par. 9.1.
.

Thematic sections:
I
- L. Ferrajoli, Dignità e libertà, in Dignità e autonomia tra bioetica e mercato, a cura di F. Mastromartino, G. Pino, in “Rivista di filosofia del diritto”, 1, 2019, pp. 23-32; O. Giolo, Il giusfemminismo e le sfide del neoliberismo. A proposito di soggetti, libertà e diritti, in Teorie critiche del diritto, a cura di M.G. Bernardini, O. Giolo, Pacini, Firenze, 2017, pp. 207-230; F. Poggi, Dignità e autonomia: disaccordi semantici e conflitti di valore in Dignità e autonomia tra bioetica e mercato, a cura di F. Mastromartino, G. Pino, in “Rivista di filosofia del diritto”, 1, 2019, pp. 33-50; Sandel, Quello che i soldi non possono comprare. I limiti morali del mercato, Feltrinelli, Milano, 2012, Introduzione (Mercati e morale) e cap. 3 (Come i mercati allontanano la morale), rispettivamente pp. 11-22 e pp. 95-130

II
- L. d’Avack, Il dominio delle biotecnologie, cap. II (Scelte di fine vita e consenso informato), Giappichelli, Torino, 2018: pp. 69-159 (ma tenendo presente Riferimenti normativi e carte internazionali)

III
- F. Mastromartino, Esiste un diritto generale all’obiezione di coscienza?, in “Diritto e questioni pubbliche”, 1, 2018, pp. 159-181.

Files of the course exam texts, except for L. d'Avack's volume will be uploaded to the e-learning platform.

STUDENTS WHO DO NOT ATTEND THE COURSE LECTURES ARE REQUIRED TO SUPPLEMENT THE PROGRAM BY STUDYING THE FOLLOWING TEXTS:
- A. Facchi, O. Giolo, Libera scelta e libera condizione, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2020.
- F. Mastromartino, Due concetti di dignità per due concetti di autonomia?, in “Diritto e questioni pubbliche”, 1, 2021, pp. 239-263.

The program includes the study of the following topics:
- international and constitutional principles regarding penitentiary expiation;
- subjects of the prison administration;
- observation and treatment;
- penitentiary circuits and differentiations between prisoners;
- alternative measures to detention;
- vulnerable individuals;
- other forms of detention;
- surveillance procedure;
- protection of prisoners' rights.

1) For attending students the final exam will be on the lecture notes and on the teaching support material provided during the course, supplemented by the study of the following text:

P. Corso (a cura di), Manuale della esecuzione penitenziaria, Monduzzi, last edition;
or
F.Della Casa- G.Giostra, Manuale di Diritto penitenziario, Giappichelli, last edition,

limited to the chapters corresponding to the topics covered in the lesson.


2) For the other students, the final exam will be on the study of the following text:

P. Corso (a cura di), Manuale della esecuzione penitenziaria, Monduzzi, last edition
or
F.Della Casa- G.Giostra, Manuale di Diritto penitenziario, Giappichelli, last edition

The course aims to analize the evolution of “Mafia organized crime” both from the point of view of historical evolution and from the point of view of crime fighting legislation.
Particular attention will also be given to the problem of mafia-political relations, through the study of the changes recently made to the case of political-mafia electoral exchange (art. 416 ter c.p.p.), and to the study of prevention measures, as regulated in the c.d. Anti-Mafia Code.

1)Insolera- Guerrini
Diritto penale e criminalità organizzata, Giappichelli, 2019.
2) Enzo Ciconte
1992: l'anno che cambio l'Italia. Da Mani pulite alle stragi di Mafia, 2022.

- End of life and criminal law, starting with the film Miele by Valeria Golino
- Immigration and "human rights," starting with the film Io capitano by Matteo Garrone
- Gender violence, starting with the film C'è ancora domani by Paola Cortellesi
- Prison and resocialization, starting with the film Grazie ragazzi by Riccardo Milani

Lecture materials will be made available to students in class.

The course will take an historical-juridical, multidisciplinary approach to outline the evolution of criminal
science. From the first seeds of physiognomy, we will take a non-linear analytical path to the advent of the
criminal anthropology of the Lombrosian school of thought and theoretical prosecutions.
At the same time, we will consider the first investigative techniques and research methods that appeal to
today’s criminology. We will undertake an articulated screening of judicial cases and evaluate the
importance granted to medicine, psychiatry and psychology within the criminal justice system from the
second half of the 19th century to the 20th century.

The material will be given by the professor during the lessons

Judicial protection in tax matters. The historical evolution of tax justice in Italy. The tax court. Tax jurisdiction. The subjects of the tax process. Timing and forms of the process. The tax dispute. The judgment before the Provincial Tax Commission. Proof in the tax process. Judicial precautionary measures. Judicial conciliation. The anomalous events of the trial. The case and the judgment. Appeals. The appeal. The appeal on a point of law. The revocation. The tax judgment. The enforcement of judgments. Judicial protection in the field of customs and excise duties. Judicial protection in land registry rules. Judicial protection in the field of tax penalties. Judicial protection in forced tax execution. Supranational tax judicial protection

G. Tinelli, Diritto Processuale tributario, WK, 2021.

The course examines, in a comparative perspective, the new information and communication technologies to understand the evolution of the constitutional provision ex art. 21 in the digital age and in particular in the "network" system. In particular, the course aims to study the limits to the freedom of expression of thought, to protect individuals and the community, with particular attention to the impact of algorithmic technologies on law.

For attending students, the subject matter of the examination will be the topics covered and material handed out during lectures

For non-attending students:
- Vigevani, Pollicino, Melzi d'Eril, Cuniberti, Bassini, Diritto dell'informazione e dei media, Giappichelli, 2022
- A. Celotto, Sudditi. Diritti e cittadinanza ia tempi dei social network, in corso di pubblicazione

I. INTRODUCTORY PART, LAW TOWARD DIGITIZATION

II. DATA AND SOVEREIGNTY

III. OWNERSHIP OVER DATA?

IV NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND NEW RIGHTS

V. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: EMERGING ISSUES

VI. DIGITAL PLATFORMS

The materials and readings, detailed in the syllabus, will be gradually provided through the e-learning platform.

The course aims at introducing students to the European regulation of the financial sector. The first part of the course intends to provide students with an understanding of the functions of the financial system and institutions through which these functions are performed; an understanding of the core principles and objectives which govern financial regulation.

The second part will deepen the regulatory strategies for achieving these goals and the policy debates in Europe that surround them; this part will focus on the evolution of the harmonisation process of laws in the financial sector and on the institutional architecture in Europe. Particular attention is paid to the rulings of the European Court of Justice which established important principles in defining the institutional architecture of European authorities and protecting investors' rights.

Material circulated by the professor.

Suggested textbook
Pisillo Mazzeschi R., International Human Rights Law (Springer-Giappichelli 2021)

PROGRAM
The Course aims at conducting a comparative analysis of some of the key institutions of private law, including contract and tort, and their role in digital markets. By introducing students to the comparative methodology in the study of law, it furthers a better understanding of national law and it aims at developing critical and analytical tools through which students will be able to identify and research relevant issues in the private law of digital markets, through a direct approach to normative, jurisprudential and doctrinal sources of foreign and supranational law.
The following topics will be covered in the course:
-A framework of digital markets and their regulation, beginning with a reconstruction the different phases of the so-called digital revolution (including algorithms, coding, AI, big data, IoT and the blockchain technology);
-An analysis, from a private law perspective, of some of the main business models that have developed in the digital economy (such as digital platforms, smart contracts, digital labor);
-An analysis of selected profiles of contract, property and tort in digital markets, with a special focus on EU and US law.

Details and Syllabus can be found on the E-learning (Moodle Platform) page of the course (https://giurisprudenza.el.uniroma3.it/).


COURSE LEARNING ACTIVITIES
During the course the activities will be divided as follows:
-frontal lectures;
-presentations assigned to students with the scope of supporting the lectures and encouraging interactive student participation;
-case simulations.


ASSESSMENT TOOLS
Student evaluation will be based on class work (class participation, presentations given
during the semester) and on a final written exam.

COURSE MATERIALS
Materials, academic papers and cases for the course will be made available on the E-learning platform (Moodle).

COURSE MATERIALS
Materials, academic papers and cases for the course will be made available on the E-learning platform (Moodle).

Through a cross-disciplinary and transversal approach (administrative law, European law, financial sciences; provided by the lecturers who are members of the research group of the Jean Monnet EPIC Module Project - European Law Perspectives on Innovation Challenges), the Clinic looks at the main legal, economic and social challenges of technological innovation: from Artificial Intelligence to Blockchain, from algorithmic systems to the circulation of personal data. The course aims at fostering the understanding of digital market dynamics also through the critical analysis of traditional categories and institutions, with a special focus on phenomena related to the so-called new digital vulnerabilities.

ETTORE BATTELLI, Diritto privato digitale, Giappichelli, Torino, 2024 (seconda edizione).
The Professor will supply all the required materials (mainly slides and notes) available on the e-learning platform.

Introduction. Mechanics of Futures Markets. Hedging Strategies Using Futures. Interest Rates. Determination of Forward and Futures Prices. Interest Rate Futures. Swaps. Securitization and the Credit Crisis of 2007. OIS Discounting, Credit Issues, and Funding Costs. Mechanics of Options Markets. Properties of Stock Options. Trading Strategies Involving Options. Binomial Trees. Wiener Processes and Ito’s Lemma. The Black-Scholes-Merton Model. Employee Stock Options. Options on Stock Indices and Currencies. Options on Futures. Greek Letters. Volatility Smiles. Basic Numerical Procedures. Value at Risk. Estimating Volatilities and Correlations for Risk Management. Credit Risk. Credit Derivatives. Exotic Options. More on Models and Numerical Procedures. Martingales and Measures. Interest Rate Derivatives: The Standard Market Models. Convexity, Timing and Quanto Adjustments. Interest Rate Derivatives: Models of the Short Rate. HJM, LMM, and Multiple Zero Curves. Swaps Revisited. Energy and Commodity Derivatives. Real Options.

Hull, J., Options, Futures, and Other Derivatives, 10th Edition, Pearson, 2021

The course focuses on issues related to the financial statements preparation to complete the preparation of balance sheet and profit and loss account.
The course is divided into three theoretical modules; three final lectures dedicated to practice.
Part I –Accounting, Basic
Review of basic corporate financial reports and disclosures that serve as inputs to valuation analysis.
Part II – Accounting for complex operations
The module provides an analysis, evaluation and accounting treatment in the financial statements of specific transactions such as work in process on long-term contracts, transactions in foreign currency, leasing, vendor financing, factoring, repo operations, treasury stock, investments in associates and subsidiaries.
Module II – Shareholder capital & reserve management
The module is dedicated analysis and composition of shareholder equity in the Italian legislations (OIC 28) and the analysis of stakeholdings in associates and subsidiaries (OIC21). The analysis concerns the causes and effects of its variation and the constitution and use of the reserves. The module explores the information content of specific documents - such as Notes, Management Report, Risk report – and the process of approving the financial statements.

Key reading list
IAS 11, Construction Contracts
IAS 21, The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates
IAS 17, Leasing
IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement
IAS 28, Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures
Websites
International Accounting Standards Board http://www.ifrs.org/Home.htm
UK Accounting Standards Board http://www.frc.org.uk/asb/

Descriptive statistics:
variables and their measurement, univariate distributions, describing data with tables and graphs, measures of position, variability.
Bivariate descriptive statistics: independence, association, correlation, probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables, sampling distributions
Inference: estimation, hypothesis test, regression

A. Agresti, B. Finlay. Statistical methods for the social sciences. Pearson International Edition-4th edition (2009)

descriptive statistics
variables and their measurement
univariate distributions
describing data with tables and graphs
measures of position
variability

bivariate descriptive statistics
independence, association, correlation

probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables
sampling distributions

Inference:
estimation
hypothesis test

A. Agresti, B. Finlay
Statistical methods for the social sciences

Pearson International Edition - 4th edition 2009

- Introduction to the Law of Evidence
- Scientific Evidence
- DNA Evidence
- Neuroscience and the Criminal Trial
- Criminal Trial and New Technologies
- Digital Evidence
- Criminal Trial, Predictive Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence
- Revision Based on Scientific Evidence

Course material provided by the lecturer and uploaded on the e-learning platform

The course includes lectures and exercises:
- The frontal lessons consist of the explanation of the techniques for drafting the main documents of the criminal trial. We will then proceed with the theoretical framework of the criminal procedural law institutions necessary for the drafting of the proposed documents.
- The exercises consist of a written test followed by participatory correction

Information will be provided during the lessons

The course aims to get students concretely involved in the protection of the rights of prison inmates by directly confronting their legal cases. The learner will travel to penal institutions and, with the support of the lecturer and other experts in the field, will confront the issues raised by the users and engage in their resolution.
The course is therefore characterised by the 'clinical method' being: practice-oriented, based on the resolution of concrete problems and the management of the relationship with the client and the other parties involved in the legal case (administration, magistrates, guarantors, etc.),
In this way, the course is an advantage not only for the student, who acquires skills and abilities of a practical nature (learning by doing), but also for the detained persons.

Since this is a practical course, there are no theoretical texts, the material regarding solving concrete cases to be addressed will be provided by the lecturer directly during the course.

1. History of the birth of the Vatican City State [=VCS]: from the Papal States to the Lateran Pacts
2. Original legal framework of the Vatican City State
3. Structure and elements of the VCS
4. The VCS government
5. Sources of the VCS legal system
6. The criminal law of the VCS
7. The Holy See as a Subject of International Law
8. The Holy See's presence in the international order
9. The jurisprudence of the VCS courts
10. Practical cases of Vatican jurisprudence

J.I. Arrieta, Corso di diritto vaticano, II ed., Roma 2022.
Materials provided by the professor

The course intends to analyze the problem of the legal basis of persecutions against the Christians. It is divided into two parts, dedicated respectively to the examination of the sources, where the ‘persecutiones’ fron the 1st to the 4th century A.D. appear to be founded on simple belonging to the ‘nomen Christianum’; the second, aimed at reconstructing in detail the text of the four edicts – or, more probably, of the single ‘edictum’ – with which Diocletian unleashed the last persecution in 303 A.D.

E. Costa, Crimini e pene da Romolo a Giustiniano, Bologna, Zanichelli, 1921
M.U. Sperandio, ‘Nomen Christianum’. La persecuzione come guerra al nome cristiano, Torino, Giappichelli, 2009;
M.U.Sperandio, Diocleziano e i cristiani. Diritto, religione, politica nell'era dei martiri, Napoli, Jovene, 2013

Arbitration in the system of judicial protection of rights. The arbitration agreement. Arbitrators. The arbitration procedure. Arbitration with plurality of parties. Arbitrators' orders. Appeal against the award. Non ritual arbitration. Special arbitrations. Foreign and international arbitration. Recognition and enforcement of foreign awards.

Diritto processuale civile, a cura di G. Ruffini, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2024: volume III, chapters 29-38 (all chapters in their entirety, with the exception of Chapter 38, of which only § 1 belongs to the examination programme).

1. The exceptionalism of family law.
Family and market, special law and general law;
The family between public and private;
The constitutionalization of the family;
The so-called privatization of domestic relations;
Family, subject of law and identity;
The Missing View: family and gender.

2. Sexuality and family in contemporary law
Sexuality, gender, and identity: from claiming differences to anti-identity critique;
LGBT+ families and identity;
Civil unions;
The 'Cirinnà system' of conjugality;
Beyond the couple: polygamy and polyamory.

3. Between status and identity. The best interest of the child and the legal construction of parenting.
At the origin of the centrality of the child;
The right to bigenitoriality;
The authoritarian face of neoliberal family law;
Parenting and citizenship.

4. Between privatization and identity: the entry of civil liability into family relations
The demise of the principle of immunity in civil law: the Italian case;
Intrafamilial torts and the modernization of the law of domestic relations;
The decline of the Doctrine of Intrafamilial Immunity in Tort in North American case law

5. Law and Care Work.
What is social reproduction? Why law must recognize the value of care;
The legal status of care in Family Law;
The divorce allowance;
The remuneration of caregiving beyond family law.

6. Gender-based domestic violence.
The Istanbul Convention
The notion of economic violence
The measures of protection in family law

M.R.Marella, Il diritto di famiglia nella società contemporanea, Jovene, 2025, forthcoming

The criminal offences between typicality and offensiveness.
The elements of the typical fact
Structure, form and object of intent
Structure and dynamics of guilt
The multi-subjective cases
Structure and dynamics of the attempt
Morphology and function of non-punishability

readings will be porovided during the course

The teaching programme is structured in terms of content in order to deepen, according to an investigation perspective that privileges the analysis of the construction and evolution of legal concepts, the relevance assumed by scientia iuris, and therefore by the Romanesque model, in the current process of construction and harmonisation of European law, understood as a priority in its scientific dimension. Within this framework, the casuistic-prudential structure of Roman law will be the subject of a preliminary in-depth study, with particular regard to the technical characteristics of the method of classical jurisprudence; then the monographic subject of the course will be tackled, represented by non-contractual liability, considering the central importance that this institution has in the historical tradition and in the normative discipline of the legal systems of continental Europe. The diachronic evolution of the institution will be retraced in a historical-comparative perspective, highlighting the contribution offered by Roman jurisprudential law in the elaboration of ‘transnational’ legal concepts, as well as pointing out profiles of continuity and discontinuity between Roman conceptions and current reconstructions and problems.

Attending students must prepare for the examination on the contents of the lectures and seminars, where applicable, including the textual and bibliographical materials indicated by the lecturer during the course. For attending students who have already taken the Roman Law examination, the lecturer may provide special programmes, especially with reference to the preliminary part of the course dedicated to an in-depth study of the casuistic-prudential structure of Roman law.
Students who are unable to attend must prepare for the examination on the following texts:
1)L. VACCA, Diritto giurisprudenziale romano e scienza giuridica europea, a cura di G. Rossetti, Giappichelli, Torino, 2017, limitatamente alla Parte seconda ‘Interpretazione casistica e scienza giuridica europea’ (pp. 149-294)
2)G. ROSSETTI, Alle origini della moderna responsabilità extracontrattuale. L’actio ex lege Aquilia tra “natura penale” e “funzione reipersecutoria”, in forum historiae iuris, 2020, pp. 1-21 ISSN 1860-5605 https: / / forhistiur.de/2020-05-rossetti/
3)M.F. CURSI, Dalla tipicità della tutela del danno extracontrattuale alle clausole generali di responsabilità, in Fondamenti del diritto europeo. Seminari trentini, a cura di G. Santucci, Jovene, Napoli, 2012, pp. 5-91
NB The teaching materials mentioned in 2) and 3) above can be downloaded by accessing the eLearning page of the course after registration.

INTRODUCTION: COMPARATIVE LAW, INTERDISCIPLINARITY AND SPACE LAW


CHAPTER I – THE PLAYERS OF SPACE LAW
1) Mankind
2) States and other entities of international law
3) Commercial entities
4) Individuals and social groups

CHAPTER II – LEGAL MODELS IN SPACE
1) Public sector-centred vs. private sector-centred space policies and legal rules
2) Fundamental rights, constitutional principles and space law

CHAPTER III – SOME TRADITIONAL PROBLEMS OF PRIVATE LAW IN THE LIGHT OF SPACE LAW
1) Property rights on space objects
2) Liability in space
3) Space contracts
4) Securities in space

Sirio Zolea, Comparative Space Law, Brill, 2025

Specific topics covered during the course:

INTRODUCTION
The stakeholders and the company’s disclosure (financial statements and sustainability information)
Governance and Risk Disclosure

TYPES OF RISKS, GOVERNANCE & RISK, RISK MANAGEMENT
Risk definition,
Governance & risk: the new code of Governance
The basic processes of Risk Management
Approaches, methods and techniques used to manage risk
The different kinds of risk
Strategic risks, operational risks, financial risks, credit risks, liquidity risks
Financial and Non-financial risks
Insurance risk and other risks,

RISKS ANALYSIS BY FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The Italian jurisdiction about financial statements (Civil Code and IAS/IFRS),
structure of the Financial Reporting by different companies ( i.e. Hight Tech Co.; Banks) and in different jurisdictions,
risks disclosure in financial statements: risks reports

RISKS ANALYSIS BY SUSTAINABILITY INORMATION
CSR and sustainaibility disclosure
environmental, social and governance (ESG) and climate change-related information
Non-financial statement: scope, content and publication, European Commission Action Plan
Non-financial key performance indicators and main standards
ESG ratings
Specific topics: ITC, cyber security

Slides and links to other sources will be available on the website.

Suggested reading: F. Aperio Bella (a cura di), One Health, la tutela della salute oltre i confini nazionali e disciplinari, Naples, 2022 (available at the following link: https://editorialescientifica.it/prodotto/one-health-la-tutela-della-salute-oltre-i-confini-nazionali-e-disciplinari/)

Additional material will be made available directly by the individual instructors, mainly through slides and handouts accessible on the dedicated portals.

The evaluation is based on class attendance and participation to the discussion.

There is no textbook, only scientific papers that the instructor will upload to the e-learning platform before the first day of class. These papers are listed below as well as in the syllabus.

The evaluation is based on class attendance and participation to the discussion.

There is no textbook, only scientific papers that the instructor will upload to the e-learning platform before the first day of class. These papers are listed below as well as in the syllabus.

The evaluation is based on class attendance and participation to the discussion.

There is no textbook, only scientific papers that the instructor will upload to the e-learning platform before the first day of class. These papers are listed below as well as in the syllabus.

Course materials will be available on the e-learning portal

This course is meant to introduce students to legal English. The main aims of the book and of the matarials available at the professor dashbord are:
1- the students' acquisition of a specific legal terminology and usage of legal English;
2- providing an overview of the UK and U.S. legal systems and a stimulate a comparison between them and the Italian and the European legal systems (CLIL);
3- Through daily lectures, written assignments, and in-class exercises students will practice a wide array of legal English skills ranging from legal reading and writing strategies to oral presentations thus developing a linguistic and metalinguistic awareness.
4- developing competences of textual analysis and of critical analysis of texts dealing with legal issues;

- Luppi, Fabio, Legal English Practice. Enhancing Legal Language Proficieny, Torino, Giappichelli Editore, 2025.
- Boyd, Michael S., English for Law, Bari, Neldiritto Editore.
BOOK PAGES [2018 EDITION]
PAGES 118-124 (READING 2);
PAGES 127-128.
PP. 137-139;
PP. 143-144;
PP. 145-150;
PP. 152-159
PP. 186-193
PP. 197-206
PP. 207-216
PP. 230-240
PP. 241-254
- BOOK PAGES [2021 EDITION]
PP. 132-135 (PART ONE AND PART TWO);
PAGE 138 (WHAT ARE THE LAWS);
PAGES 141-145;
PAGES 145-153 (READING 2);
PAGES 156-157:
PP. 170-172;
PP. 176-178;
PP. 179-186;
PP. 188-197;
PP. 231-240;
PP. 245-258;
PP. 259-270;

All the materials available at the e-learning page for this course.

I. INTRODUCTORY PART, LAW TOWARD DIGITIZATION

II. DATA AND SOVEREIGNTY

III. OWNERSHIP OVER DATA?

IV NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND NEW RIGHTS

V. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: EMERGING ISSUES

VI. DIGITAL PLATFORMS

The materials and readings, detailed in the syllabus, will be gradually provided through the e-learning platform.

The course aims at introducing students to the European regulation of the financial sector. The first part of the course intends to provide students with an understanding of the functions of the financial system and institutions through which these functions are performed; an understanding of the core principles and objectives which govern financial regulation.

The second part will deepen the regulatory strategies for achieving these goals and the policy debates in Europe that surround them; this part will focus on the evolution of the harmonisation process of laws in the financial sector and on the institutional architecture in Europe. Particular attention is paid to the rulings of the European Court of Justice which established important principles in defining the institutional architecture of European authorities and protecting investors' rights.

Material circulated by the professor.

PROGRAM
The Course aims at conducting a comparative analysis of some of the key institutions of private law, including contract and tort, and their role in digital markets. By introducing students to the comparative methodology in the study of law, it furthers a better understanding of national law and it aims at developing critical and analytical tools through which students will be able to identify and research relevant issues in the private law of digital markets, through a direct approach to normative, jurisprudential and doctrinal sources of foreign and supranational law.
The following topics will be covered in the course:
-A framework of digital markets and their regulation, beginning with a reconstruction the different phases of the so-called digital revolution (including algorithms, coding, AI, big data, IoT and the blockchain technology);
-An analysis, from a private law perspective, of some of the main business models that have developed in the digital economy (such as digital platforms, smart contracts, digital labor);
-An analysis of selected profiles of contract, property and tort in digital markets, with a special focus on EU and US law.

Details and Syllabus can be found on the E-learning (Moodle Platform) page of the course (https://giurisprudenza.el.uniroma3.it/).


COURSE LEARNING ACTIVITIES
During the course the activities will be divided as follows:
-frontal lectures;
-presentations assigned to students with the scope of supporting the lectures and encouraging interactive student participation;
-case simulations.


ASSESSMENT TOOLS
Student evaluation will be based on class work (class participation, presentations given
during the semester) and on a final written exam.

COURSE MATERIALS
Materials, academic papers and cases for the course will be made available on the E-learning platform (Moodle).

COURSE MATERIALS
Materials, academic papers and cases for the course will be made available on the E-learning platform (Moodle).

- Introduction to the Law of Evidence
- Scientific Evidence
- DNA Evidence
- Neuroscience and the Criminal Trial
- Criminal Trial and New Technologies
- Digital Evidence
- Criminal Trial, Predictive Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence
- Revision Based on Scientific Evidence

Course material provided by the lecturer and uploaded on the e-learning platform

INTRODUCTION: COMPARATIVE LAW, INTERDISCIPLINARITY AND SPACE LAW


CHAPTER I – THE PLAYERS OF SPACE LAW
1) Mankind
2) States and other entities of international law
3) Commercial entities
4) Individuals and social groups

CHAPTER II – LEGAL MODELS IN SPACE
1) Public sector-centred vs. private sector-centred space policies and legal rules
2) Fundamental rights, constitutional principles and space law

CHAPTER III – SOME TRADITIONAL PROBLEMS OF PRIVATE LAW IN THE LIGHT OF SPACE LAW
1) Property rights on space objects
2) Liability in space
3) Space contracts
4) Securities in space

Sirio Zolea, Comparative Space Law, Brill, 2025