Structure of the computer. Hardware and Software. General diagram of a data processing system. Type of computers. The use of the computer memories. The processor. The multiprocessor architectures. Input / Output: Ports for input / output of the computer. The units of input. The units of output. Operating systems. Characteristics of the operating systems. The multitasking operating systems. The Windows operating system. The graphical interface. Computer networks. The communication between computers. Protocols and interfaces. The local networks. The transmission media. The types of network. The wide area networks. Internetwork. Internet. The services of the Internet.
Spreadsheet, Word processing and presentation tools.

ECDL Syllabus 5.0 - La guida McGraw- Hill alla Patente Europea del Computer

Logica proposizionale ed insiemistica: Proposizioni, operazioni con le proposizioni, insiemi, operazioni con gli insiemi ed applicazioni.
Insiemi numerici: Numeri interi, relativi, razionali, reali; insiemi numerici limitati; intervalli, intorni, punti di accumulazione in R.
Sommatoria e produttoria Somme particolari e proprietà.
Cenni alle successioni e serie numeriche
Funzioni reali di variabile reale: Funzioni iniettive, suriettive, pari e dispari, funzioni elementari, funzioni composte, funzioni invertibili, grafici deducibili da quelli noti; limiti, teoremi di unicità del limite, teoremi della permanenza del segno, teorema del confronto; continuità, Teorema degli zeri, teorema di Weierstrass e di Darboux; infinitesimi, infiniti, ordine, teoremi di cancellazione.
Calcolo differenziale: Rapporto incrementale, derivata, teorema su derivabilità e continuità, regole di derivazione, derivazione funzioni composte e funzioni inverse, differenziale, derivate di ordine superiore, approssimazione con polinomi di Taylor e di Mc Laurin.
Studio di funzioni: Massimi e minimi relativi, teorema di Fermat, teorema di Rolle, teorema di Lagrange e corollari, teorema di De L’Hospital, funzioni concave e convesse.
Calcolo integrale: Funzioni primitive e integrale indefinito, integrazione per parti e per sostituzione, integrale definito: proprietà, teorema della media, teorema di Torricelli Barrow e corollario.
Algebra lineare: Vettori, spazi vettoriali, vettori linearmente dipendenti e non, basi, matrici, operazioni con le matrici, determinante, rango, matrice inversa, sistemi di equazioni lineari, teorema di Cramer e di Rouchè-Capelli, sistemi parametrici.

teaching material on the teacher's website

Nozioni preliminari.
Applicazioni. Applicazioni iniettive e suriettive. Corrispondenza biunivoca. Applicazione inversa.
Numeri e insiemi numerici. Numeri naturali. Numeri interi o relativi. Numeri razionali. √2∈Q (c.d.). Numeri reali e rappresentazione sulla retta. Insiemi limitati e non limitati. Estremo superiore ed inferiore di insiemi di numeri razionali e reali.
Intervalli e intorni. Punti di accumulazione, interni, isolati e di frontiera. Insiemi aperti e insiemi chiusi.
Definizione di sommatoria. Proprietà. Somme particolari. Somma dei primi n naturali. Progressioni aritmetiche e geometriche e somma dei loro primi n termini. Produttoria: definizione; fattoriale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale, generalità. Il piano cartesiano e il grafico di una funzione. Funzioni iniettive e suriettive e grafico. Funzioni pari e dispari. Crescenza e decrescenza e funzioni monotone in un intervallo. Concavità e convessità in un intervallo. Funzioni limitate. Funzione composta. Funzione inversa, monotonia e invertibilità, grafico della funzione inversa.
Funzioni elementari (tranne le funzioni goniometriche). Funzioni a più leggi. Operazioni sui grafici, trasformazioni di funzioni note. Ricerca del dominio di una funzione.
Successioni.
Definizione di successione. Limite di una successione. Successioni convergenti e divergenti. Successioni monotòne e teorema di regolarità (c.d.). Verifiche e calcolo di limiti di successioni
Limiti, continuità, infinitesimi e infiniti.
Definizione di limite al finito e all’infinito. Convergenza e divergenza. Limite destro e limite sinistro. Asintoti verticali, orizzontali e obliqui. Teorema di unicità del limite (c.d.). Teorema di permanenza del segno in forma diretta (c.d.) e inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema del confronto (dim. fac.). Verifiche di limiti. Operazioni con i limiti. Forme indeterminate. Limiti notevoli.
Infinitesimi e infiniti: definizioni e operazioni. Confronto fra infinitesimi e fra infiniti. Ordine di infinitesimo ed infinito. Teorema di cancellazione per infinitesimi (c.d.) e per infiniti (dim. fac.).
Definizione di continuità in un punto. Continuità in un intervallo. Limiti e continuità. Teoremi sulle funzioni continue: operazioni razionali sulle funzioni continue (c.d.); continuità della funzione composta (c.d.). Classificazione dei punti di discontinuità. Continuità dell'inversa. Massimi e minimi di una funzione. Teorema degli zeri (c.d.). Teorema di Weierstrass (senza dim.). Teorema di Darboux (dim. fac.).
Calcolo differenziale.
Rapporto incrementale. Derivata di una funzione in un punto e in un intervallo. Significato geometrico. Derivabilità implica continuità (c.d.). Punti di non derivabilità. Funzione derivata e derivate di ordine successivo. Derivate delle funzioni elementari (c.d.). Algebra delle derivate (c.d.). Regole di derivazione. Derivata di funzioni composte (c.d.). Derivata della funzione inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema di De L'Hôpital (c.d.) e applicazione al calcolo di limite.
Differenziale. Approssimazione locale del primo ordine. Teorema del resto del primo ordine (dim. fac.). Polinomio di Taylor e di Mc Laurin. Approssimazioni di ordine superiore. Teorema di Taylor (dim. fac.).
Massimi e minimi locali. Punti stazionari. Teorema di Fermat (c.d.). Teorema di Rolle (dim. fac.). Teorema di Lagrange (c.d.). Corollari al teorema di Lagrange (dim. fac.). Individuazione dei massimi e dei minimi relativi. Relazioni tra la monotonia e la derivata.
Concavità e convessità globale e in un punto, definizioni. Relazione fra la derivata seconda e la concavità (c.d.). Punti di flesso. Condizioni sufficienti del second’ordine per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi (dim. fac.). Condizioni sufficienti di ordine n per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi o flessi (dim. fac.).
Studio di funzione.
Calcolo integrale.
Funzioni primitive. Integrale indefinito. Prima proprietà delle primitive. Seconda proprietà delle primitive (c.d.). Proprietà dell'integrale indefinito. Integrali indefiniti immediati e loro deduzione a partire dalle regole di derivazione. Integrazione per parti. Integrazione per sostituzione.
Integrale definito (somme integrali, funzioni integrabili secondo Riemann). Proprietà dell'integrale definito. Funzione integrale. Teorema della media integrale (dim. fac.). Teorema di Torricelli-Barrow o teorema fondamentale del calcolo integrale (c.d.). Corollario al teorema di Torricelli-Barrow (dim. fac.). Integrazione definita. Integrali impropri (cenni e definizioni).
Algebra lineare.
Vettori e spazi vettoriali. Rappresentazione geometrica dei vettori. Prodotto di un vettore per uno scalare. Somma di vettori. Combinazione lineare di vettori (CL). Vettori linearmente dipendenti (LD) e indipendenti (LI). LD implica CL (c.d.). Matrici. Operazioni con le matrici. Prodotto righe per colonne. Matrici particolari. Matrice trasposta. Determinante di una matrice di ordine n. Proprietà del determinante. Matrice inversa: teorema di unicità della matrice inversa (c.d.); CNS per l’invertibilità (c.d.). Caratteristica o rango di una matrice. Rango e dipendenza lineare.
Sistemi di equazioni lineari. Teorema di Cramer (senza dim.). Teorema di Rouché-Capelli (senza dim.). Sistemi omogenei. Sistemi parametrici.

Appunti scaricabili online dalla pagina web del corso.
Alberto Bersani, Francesco Manzini, Loretta Mastroeni. Esercizi di Matematica Generale: Per i corsi del nuovo ordinamento delle Facoltà di Economia. Società Editrice Esculapio, 2009.

1. National accounting system: basic defintions and identities. Main macroeconomic indicators
2. Keynes’s theory: aggregate demand and equilibrium output
3. Keynes’s theory: money and interest
4. The IS-LM model
5. The AS-AD model
6. Inflation and unemployment
7. Macroeconomics of the European Union
8. Money: creation an control

Compulsory material:
1) Textbook: Rudiger Dornbusch, Stanley Fischer, Richard Startz, Giuseppe Canullo, Paolo Pettenati, Macroeconomia, 11a ed (2016), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 9788838615290 (check the detailed programme for precise indications)
2) Additional teaching material (lecture notes, etc, available on the website)

1. National accounts
2. The neoclassical model
3. Aggregate demand and income multipliers
4. Money and interest
5. The IS-LM model
6. The AD-AS model
7. The Phillips curve
8. The new-Keynesian models

- R. Dornbusch, S. Fischer, R. Startz, G. Canullo, P. Pettenati, Macroeconomia, McGraw Hill, Milano, 2014
- J.R. Hicks, “Il processo produttivo, il lavoro e il capitale”, in M. Pivetti (a cura di), Letture di Economia Politica, LED, Milano
- O. Castellino, Introduzione alla contabilità nazionale, Giappichelli editore, Torino, 1991

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

1. Production and prices: general elements
The production process. Production methods and their representation. The social production process. Economy of mere subsistence. Economy producung surplus. Basic and non-basic goods.

2. Fundamentals of the classical theory of distribution and relative prices
The real wage and other circumstances taken as given in the 'core' of the theory. The concept of social surplus. Profits and general profit rate. Distinction and relationship between "normal" and "market" prices. Price equations: simultaneous determination of profit rate and relative prices. Importance and limits of the solutions to the problem attempted by Ricardo and Marx. The inverse wage-profit relationship. The theory of rent.

3. Fundamentals of the marginalist theory of distribution and relative prices
The data of the theory. Consumer theory. Functions of consumption good demand. Production theory. Direct and indirect substitutability as analytical bases for factor demand functions. Determination of distribution and relative prices in terms of supply and demand equilibria. Comparison with the classical theory of distribution. Implications of general economic equilibrium: full employment of available resources; Pareto optimality; efficiency in exchange; efficiency in production; efficiency in the combination of outputs. The notion of capital as a single productive factor and the difficulties that derive from it (mention).

4. Analysis of the single industry and market forms
The analysis of "partial" equilibrium. Short and long term cost curves of the individual enterprise. Equilibrium of enterprise and industry under competitive conditions, in the short and long period. Quantity produced and price, in the short and long period, in monopoly and monopolistic competition. The oligopoly: Cournot model.

■ "Elementi di teoria della produzione", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.1
■ "La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.2
■ "La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.3

With regard to the other text adopted, the chapters and paragraphs included in the programme are set out below, with reference to the latest edition (2017).

Robert H. Frank e Edward Cartwright, Microeconomia
Milano: McGraw-Hill, VII edizione, 2017
Capitoli e paragrafi in programma:

Capitolo 3, La scelta razionale del consumatore, p. 51
{paragrafi: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4; Appendice 3}

Capitolo 4, La domanda individuale e la domanda di mercato, p. 93
{paragrafi: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7}

Capitolo 5, Le applicazioni delle teorie della scelta razionale e della domanda, p. 137
{limitatamente a: paragrafo 5.7; Appendice 5}

Capitolo 9, La produzione, p. 267
{intero capitolo, inclusa Appendice 9}

Capitolo 10, I costi, p. 297
{intero capitolo, esclusa Appendice 10}

Capitolo 11, La concorrenza perfetta, p. 333
{paragrafi: 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.9, 11.12, 11.13}

Capitolo 12, Il monopolio, p. 377
{paragrafi: 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.8}

Capitolo 13, Concorrenza imperfetta: un approccio basato sulla teoria dei giochi, p. 427
{paragrafi: 13.1, 13.2, 13.4 limitatamente al sotto-paragrafo 13.4.1}

Capitolo 15, L'equilibrio generale e l'efficienza dei mercati, p. 523
{paragrafi: 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.6,15.7

Elements of the theory of production
- inputs, outputs and production methods
- the subsistence economy
- the economy with a surplus
The surplus approach to commodity value and income distribution
- the relevance of social and institutional elements to income distribution
- the explanation of the real wage rate
- the "core" of the classical approach
- the link between profit rate and relative prices
- the price equations
- the classical theory of rent
The theory of consumer choice
- budget set and budget constraint
- preferences
- consumer choice
- consumer-good demand curves
The theory of firm choice
- the function of production
- profit maximisation
- isoquants and isocosts
- the output expansion path and long-term cost curves
Production factors and the marginalist explanation of income distribution
- marginal and average productivity of factors
- the demand curves of factors of production
- equilibrium between supply and demand for factors of production
Market forms
- perfect competition
- monopoly
- Cournot oligopoly
- Stackelberg oligopoly
Introduction to the welfare economics
- allocations and Edgeworth box
- Pareto improvements and Pareto optima
- first theorem of welfare economics

i) “Elementi di teoria della produzione”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 1 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
ii) “La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 2 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iii) “La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 3 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iv) R.H. Frank, Microeconomia. McGraw-Hill Libri Italia, Milano. 2017.
v) “Glossario ed Esercizi Svolti di Microeconomia” (teaching material by S.M. Fratini e D. Pignalosa).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

Introduction to Italian Private Law and Interpretation.
Person Law.
Property Law.
Obligations and Contracts.
Tort Law.
Family Law.
Inheritance Law.
Private Enforcement and Civil evidence.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

Introduction to Italian Private Law and Interpretation.
Person Law.
Property Law.
Obligations and Contracts.
Tort Law.
Family Law.
Inheritance Law.
Private Enforcement and Civil evidence.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

- Public Budget Revenues: taxes, contributions, and other charges
- The economic effects of Taxes both in closed and in open economies
- A Brief History of Western Public Finances as well as changing methodologies in the analysis of public economic decisions
- Social goods
- Tax design and Tax Incidence
- The Italian Tax System

1) Di Majo A., Introduzione alla Scienza delle Finanze, 2018, Edizioni Pigreco, Roma, capitoli 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 fino al par. 7.4 incluso;
2) Bosi P., Guerra M.C., I tributi nell'economia italiana, 2018, il Mulino, Bologna, capitoli II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII.

• The evolution of the analysis of Public Finance
• Public goods
• Taxes: characteristics and classification
• The economic effects of taxes
• The economic analysis of taxes and the theory of incidence
• The main taxes in the Italian tax system

1) Di Majo A. (2018), Introduzione alla Scienza delle Finanze, Edizioni Pigreco, Roma, capitoli 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 fino a pag. 325.

2) Bosi P., Guerra M.C. (2018), I tributi nell'economia italiana, Il Mulino, Bologna, capitoli II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII.

Part I: Linear algebra
The real vector space . Linear dependence and independence. Subspaces and spaces generated by vectors. Bases. Algebra of matrices. Determinant. Inverse matrix. Rank of a matrix. Systems of linear equations. Cramer's Theorem and Rouché-Capelli's Theorem. Homogeneous systems and linear dependence. Norm and Euclidean distance in . Scalar product. Sequences in . Topology and metrics in . Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Diagonalization of matrices. Properties of eigenvalues.
Part II: Calculus of functions of several variables:
Continuous functions and Weierstrass theorem. Concave or convex functions. Partial derivatives and gradient. Differential. Derivations along a curve and directional derivative. Second order derivatives. Schwarz's theorem. Hessian matrix. Implicit function thoerem. Comparative statics. Inverse function theorem. Quadratic forms and matrices. Sign of a quadratic form.
Part III: Optimization:
Local and global maximum or minimum. First order conditions and second order conditions for free optimization. Equality constraints. Inequality constraints. Substitution method. Lagrange multiplier theorem. Second order conditions with constraints. Optimization for convex functions. Economic applications.
Part IV: Ordinary differential equations and systems
Definitions and examples. Exact differential. Equations in separable variables. Exact equations. Homogeneous equations. Malthusian growth model. Logistic growth model. Second order linear differential equations. General theorem of existence and uniqueness of the solution. Field of directions. Economic applications. Two-dimensional differential equation systems. Systems of linear differential equations: resolving method using eigenvalues, stationary states and their stability. Economic applications.

Textbook
• Simon & Blume: “Matematica per le scienze economiche” ed. Egea
or
• Simon & Blume: "Matematica 2 per l’economia e le scienze sociali", Università Bocconi Editore, 2002.

The course will concentrate on selected important economic policy issues and relevant economic tools. The specific topics will be of contemporary interest, and will be announced by the start of each year. In any year the topics covered are likely to include some of the following: Globalisation: effects on welfare, development and income distribution; ii Inequality; Global imbalances ; Tax, fiscal policy and unemployment; Monetary policy and exchange rate frameworks ; Financial integration and currency unions ; Financial crises and relevant policies ; endogenous growth, exhaustible resources and relevant policies.

Politica economica, A. Benassy-Quere, B. Coeure, P. Jacquet. J Pisani-Ferry, Il Mulino 2014

1. Reasons, objectives, functions and instruments of economic policy (Chapter I)
2. The limits of economic policy (Chapter II)
3. Fiscal policy: scenarios and current context with particular reference to the case of the European Union (Chapter III)
4. Monetary policy: transmission channels, the role of the Central Banks, the debate on the Euro and the future (Chapter IV)
5. Exchange rate policy: international systems (Chapter V)
6. Tax policies: redistribution and correction of market failures (Chapter VII)
7. Protectionism and trade agreements (Chapter VII)
8. Growth policies: objectives, models, channels and public intervention (Chapter VI)
9. Regional policies with particular reference to the case of the European Union (Chapter VI)
10. Employment policies: the labor market, unemployment, objectives and policies in the current context (Chapter VIII)

“Politica economica. Teoria e pratica”, di Agnes Benassy-Quere, Benoit Coeure, Pierre Jacquet e Jean Pisani-Ferry (Il Mulino 2014).

1. Reasons, objectives, functions and instruments of economic policy
2. Fiscal policy: scenarios and current context, with particular reference to the case of the European Union
3. Monetary policy: transmission channels, the role of the Central Banks, the debate on the Euro and the future
4. International relations and systems
5. Tax policies: redistribution and correction of market failures
6. Protectionism and trade agreements
7. The limits of economic policy
8. Growth policies: objectives, models, channels and public intervention
9. Regional policies with particular reference to the case of the European Union
10. Employment policies: the labor market, unemployment, objectives and policies in the current context

“Politica economica. Teoria e pratica”, di Agnes Benassy-Quere, Benoit Coeure, Pierre Jacquet e Jean Pisani-Ferry (Il Mulino 2014)

Main official statistical surveys: data production and interpretation. In particular: Consumer prices, Industrial production, Labour force, Household consumptions, Income and living conditions, Household Income and Wealth, National accounts. Main statistical indicators for economic phenomena: (simple and complex) index numbers, measures of concentration.
Calendar adjusted and seasonal adjusted time series. Chain-linked values. The use of moving averages to reconstruct the trend.
Introduction to econometrics. Single and multiple Linear Regression: ordinary least squares, goodness of fit, homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity, nonlinear regression functions. An introduction to the use of R for statistical analysis.

Class notes. Press releases (Istat - Banca d'Italia).
Stock J.H. and Watson M.W., Introduction to Econometrics, Update, Global edition, 3rd Edition, 2014, Pearson.

Module I (prof Marchiori Michela)
1. Introduction: the characteristics of the field of study and the specificities of "Business Organization"
2. The organizational literature: an outline of the history of organizational thought.
3. The organizational design choices (organizational design): the levels of analysis and intervention
4. Design choices for work design A theoretical study: the analysis and discussion of the theory of the Scientific Organization of Labor by Frederick Taylor
4.2 The reassembly of the divided work: the job redesign aapporach and the sociotechnical approach

4.3 The theories behind post-Fordist approaches: Human Relation; Human Resource; sociotechnical approach

4.4 The new forms of work organization: Industry 4.0 and Smart work

5. Personnel management

5.1 Phases, activities and methodologies

5.2 Actors of the human resources management

5.3 The analysis of positions: tools and methods adopted in business practice
6. Work process design choices (inter-organizational relations): post-Fordism solutions and organizational techniques ... see module II program
7. Design choices of the organizational structure (business structure)
7.1 The problem of choosing the "formal configuration" of the organization: the origins of the topic in the literature
7.2 Traditional organizational structures: the functional structure, the divisional structure (the M form), the matrix structure.
7.3. The "post-Fordist" organizational structures: the process structure, the modular structure, the internal network.
7.4 Business groups and Holding companies
8. Design choices of organizational boundaries
8.1 The problem of the "boundaries" of the firm : origins and evolution of the literature on the subject
8.2 Outsourcing choices
8.3. Alliances and collaboration agreements between companies (motivations and contractual forms)
8.4 Business networks (outline)

Attending students
1) Marchiori Michela “Lecture notes on Business Organization course. Module I Academic Year 2019-2020 "
2) Albano Valentina “Lecture notes on Business Organization course. Module II Academic Year 2019-2020 "

Non-attending students
1) Marchiori Michela “Lecture notes on Business Organization course. Module I AA 2019-2020 "
2) Albano Valentina “Lecture notes on Business Organization course. Module II AA 2019-2020"
3) Masino Giovanni, Le imprese oltre il fordismo , Carocci, 2005 pagg. 7- 87 (excluding 71-77)

N.B The lecture notes on Business Organization course are valid for both attending and non-attending students and are available at the Library of Economics in Rome3 University via Silvio dʼamico 77 00145 Roma

The course consists of two teaching modules.
The first module concerns the general part and trade union law (Introduction to the study of labor law). The boundaries and the meaning of labor law. Historical evolution and current trends. Sources. Constitutional principles. European sources and international aspects of Trade union law. Trade union freedom and Trade Union Organization. Union rights and their protection with particular reference to art. 28 of the Workers’ Statute. The collective agreement: the structure of collective bargaining, the negotiability and effectiveness of the collective agreements at different levels, the relationship between law and collective agreement. The strike and other forms of union struggle; the strike in essential public services.
The second module concerns the employment relationship: the employment contracts (subordinate, autonomous, coordinated). The flexible contractual forms. The forms of indirect acquisition of work. The subordinate employment contract: the subjective and objective requirements. The obligations of the employer: collaboration, diligence, obedience, loyalty. The powers of the employer. The protection of the person, of dignity and freedom of workers. The prohibitions of discrimination. Worker’s rights: pay, holidays, rest, leave, right to health and safety. The content of the work performance: the tasks, the working hours. The end of the employment relationship: individual dismissals. The enterprise crisis and excess staff: earning redundancy fund, solidarity contracts, transfer of the undertaking, collective dismissals. The protection of the employer’s rights; waivers and transactions; limitation. The employment services and the worker’s protection on the labor market.

G. Santoro Passarelli, Diritto dei lavori e dell'occupazione - GIAPPICHELLI- Latest edition

The course consists of two teaching modules.
The first module concerns the general part and trade union law (Introduction to the study of labor law). The boundaries and the meaning of labor law. Historical evolution and current trends. Sources. Constitutional principles. European sources and international aspects of Trade union law. Trade union freedom and Trade Union Organization. Union rights and their protection with particular reference to art. 28 of the Workers’ Statute. The collective agreement: the structure of collective bargaining, the negotiability and effectiveness of the collective agreements at different levels, the relationship between law and collective agreement. The strike and other forms of union struggle; the strike in essential public services.
The second module concerns the employment relationship: the employment contracts (subordinate, autonomous, coordinated). The flexible contractual forms. The forms of indirect acquisition of work. The subordinate employment contract: the subjective and objective requirements. The obligations of the employer: collaboration, diligence, obedience, loyalty. The powers of the employer. The protection of the person, of dignity and freedom of workers. The prohibitions of discrimination. Worker’s rights: pay, holidays, rest, leave, right to health and safety. The content of the work performance: the tasks, the working hours. The end of the employment relationship: individual dismissals. The enterprise crisis and excess staff: earning redundancy fund, solidarity contracts, transfer of the undertaking, collective dismissals. The protection of the employer’s rights; waivers and transactions; limitation. The employment services and the worker’s protection on the labor market.

- G. Santoro Passarelli - Diritto dei lavori e dell'occupazione - Giappichelli- Ultima edizione

Structure of the computer. Hardware and Software. General diagram of a data processing system. Type of computers. The use of the computer memories. The processor. The multiprocessor architectures. Input / Output: Ports for input / output of the computer. The units of input. The units of output. Operating systems. Characteristics of the operating systems. The multitasking operating systems. The Windows operating system. The graphical interface. Computer networks. The communication between computers. Protocols and interfaces. The local networks. The transmission media. The types of network. The wide area networks. Internetwork. Internet. The services of the Internet.
Spreadsheet, Word processing and presentation tools.

ECDL Syllabus 5.0 - La guida McGraw- Hill alla Patente Europea del Computer

Logica proposizionale ed insiemistica: Proposizioni, operazioni con le proposizioni, insiemi, operazioni con gli insiemi ed applicazioni.
Insiemi numerici: Numeri interi, relativi, razionali, reali; insiemi numerici limitati; intervalli, intorni, punti di accumulazione in R.
Sommatoria e produttoria Somme particolari e proprietà.
Cenni alle successioni e serie numeriche
Funzioni reali di variabile reale: Funzioni iniettive, suriettive, pari e dispari, funzioni elementari, funzioni composte, funzioni invertibili, grafici deducibili da quelli noti; limiti, teoremi di unicità del limite, teoremi della permanenza del segno, teorema del confronto; continuità, Teorema degli zeri, teorema di Weierstrass e di Darboux; infinitesimi, infiniti, ordine, teoremi di cancellazione.
Calcolo differenziale: Rapporto incrementale, derivata, teorema su derivabilità e continuità, regole di derivazione, derivazione funzioni composte e funzioni inverse, differenziale, derivate di ordine superiore, approssimazione con polinomi di Taylor e di Mc Laurin.
Studio di funzioni: Massimi e minimi relativi, teorema di Fermat, teorema di Rolle, teorema di Lagrange e corollari, teorema di De L’Hospital, funzioni concave e convesse.
Calcolo integrale: Funzioni primitive e integrale indefinito, integrazione per parti e per sostituzione, integrale definito: proprietà, teorema della media, teorema di Torricelli Barrow e corollario.
Algebra lineare: Vettori, spazi vettoriali, vettori linearmente dipendenti e non, basi, matrici, operazioni con le matrici, determinante, rango, matrice inversa, sistemi di equazioni lineari, teorema di Cramer e di Rouchè-Capelli, sistemi parametrici.

teaching material on the teacher's website

Nozioni preliminari.
Applicazioni. Applicazioni iniettive e suriettive. Corrispondenza biunivoca. Applicazione inversa.
Numeri e insiemi numerici. Numeri naturali. Numeri interi o relativi. Numeri razionali. √2∈Q (c.d.). Numeri reali e rappresentazione sulla retta. Insiemi limitati e non limitati. Estremo superiore ed inferiore di insiemi di numeri razionali e reali.
Intervalli e intorni. Punti di accumulazione, interni, isolati e di frontiera. Insiemi aperti e insiemi chiusi.
Definizione di sommatoria. Proprietà. Somme particolari. Somma dei primi n naturali. Progressioni aritmetiche e geometriche e somma dei loro primi n termini. Produttoria: definizione; fattoriale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale, generalità. Il piano cartesiano e il grafico di una funzione. Funzioni iniettive e suriettive e grafico. Funzioni pari e dispari. Crescenza e decrescenza e funzioni monotone in un intervallo. Concavità e convessità in un intervallo. Funzioni limitate. Funzione composta. Funzione inversa, monotonia e invertibilità, grafico della funzione inversa.
Funzioni elementari (tranne le funzioni goniometriche). Funzioni a più leggi. Operazioni sui grafici, trasformazioni di funzioni note. Ricerca del dominio di una funzione.
Successioni.
Definizione di successione. Limite di una successione. Successioni convergenti e divergenti. Successioni monotòne e teorema di regolarità (c.d.). Verifiche e calcolo di limiti di successioni
Limiti, continuità, infinitesimi e infiniti.
Definizione di limite al finito e all’infinito. Convergenza e divergenza. Limite destro e limite sinistro. Asintoti verticali, orizzontali e obliqui. Teorema di unicità del limite (c.d.). Teorema di permanenza del segno in forma diretta (c.d.) e inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema del confronto (dim. fac.). Verifiche di limiti. Operazioni con i limiti. Forme indeterminate. Limiti notevoli.
Infinitesimi e infiniti: definizioni e operazioni. Confronto fra infinitesimi e fra infiniti. Ordine di infinitesimo ed infinito. Teorema di cancellazione per infinitesimi (c.d.) e per infiniti (dim. fac.).
Definizione di continuità in un punto. Continuità in un intervallo. Limiti e continuità. Teoremi sulle funzioni continue: operazioni razionali sulle funzioni continue (c.d.); continuità della funzione composta (c.d.). Classificazione dei punti di discontinuità. Continuità dell'inversa. Massimi e minimi di una funzione. Teorema degli zeri (c.d.). Teorema di Weierstrass (senza dim.). Teorema di Darboux (dim. fac.).
Calcolo differenziale.
Rapporto incrementale. Derivata di una funzione in un punto e in un intervallo. Significato geometrico. Derivabilità implica continuità (c.d.). Punti di non derivabilità. Funzione derivata e derivate di ordine successivo. Derivate delle funzioni elementari (c.d.). Algebra delle derivate (c.d.). Regole di derivazione. Derivata di funzioni composte (c.d.). Derivata della funzione inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema di De L'Hôpital (c.d.) e applicazione al calcolo di limite.
Differenziale. Approssimazione locale del primo ordine. Teorema del resto del primo ordine (dim. fac.). Polinomio di Taylor e di Mc Laurin. Approssimazioni di ordine superiore. Teorema di Taylor (dim. fac.).
Massimi e minimi locali. Punti stazionari. Teorema di Fermat (c.d.). Teorema di Rolle (dim. fac.). Teorema di Lagrange (c.d.). Corollari al teorema di Lagrange (dim. fac.). Individuazione dei massimi e dei minimi relativi. Relazioni tra la monotonia e la derivata.
Concavità e convessità globale e in un punto, definizioni. Relazione fra la derivata seconda e la concavità (c.d.). Punti di flesso. Condizioni sufficienti del second’ordine per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi (dim. fac.). Condizioni sufficienti di ordine n per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi o flessi (dim. fac.).
Studio di funzione.
Calcolo integrale.
Funzioni primitive. Integrale indefinito. Prima proprietà delle primitive. Seconda proprietà delle primitive (c.d.). Proprietà dell'integrale indefinito. Integrali indefiniti immediati e loro deduzione a partire dalle regole di derivazione. Integrazione per parti. Integrazione per sostituzione.
Integrale definito (somme integrali, funzioni integrabili secondo Riemann). Proprietà dell'integrale definito. Funzione integrale. Teorema della media integrale (dim. fac.). Teorema di Torricelli-Barrow o teorema fondamentale del calcolo integrale (c.d.). Corollario al teorema di Torricelli-Barrow (dim. fac.). Integrazione definita. Integrali impropri (cenni e definizioni).
Algebra lineare.
Vettori e spazi vettoriali. Rappresentazione geometrica dei vettori. Prodotto di un vettore per uno scalare. Somma di vettori. Combinazione lineare di vettori (CL). Vettori linearmente dipendenti (LD) e indipendenti (LI). LD implica CL (c.d.). Matrici. Operazioni con le matrici. Prodotto righe per colonne. Matrici particolari. Matrice trasposta. Determinante di una matrice di ordine n. Proprietà del determinante. Matrice inversa: teorema di unicità della matrice inversa (c.d.); CNS per l’invertibilità (c.d.). Caratteristica o rango di una matrice. Rango e dipendenza lineare.
Sistemi di equazioni lineari. Teorema di Cramer (senza dim.). Teorema di Rouché-Capelli (senza dim.). Sistemi omogenei. Sistemi parametrici.

Appunti scaricabili online dalla pagina web del corso.
Alberto Bersani, Francesco Manzini, Loretta Mastroeni. Esercizi di Matematica Generale: Per i corsi del nuovo ordinamento delle Facoltà di Economia. Società Editrice Esculapio, 2009.

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

1. National accounting system: basic defintions and identities. Main macroeconomic indicators
2. Keynes’s theory: aggregate demand and equilibrium output
3. Keynes’s theory: money and interest
4. The IS-LM model
5. The AS-AD model
6. Inflation and unemployment
7. Macroeconomics of the European Union
8. Money: creation an control

Compulsory material:
1) Textbook: Rudiger Dornbusch, Stanley Fischer, Richard Startz, Giuseppe Canullo, Paolo Pettenati, Macroeconomia, 11a ed (2016), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 9788838615290 (check the detailed programme for precise indications)
2) Additional teaching material (lecture notes, etc, available on the website)

1. National accounts
2. The neoclassical model
3. Aggregate demand and income multipliers
4. Money and interest
5. The IS-LM model
6. The AD-AS model
7. The Phillips curve
8. The new-Keynesian models

- R. Dornbusch, S. Fischer, R. Startz, G. Canullo, P. Pettenati, Macroeconomia, McGraw Hill, Milano, 2014
- J.R. Hicks, “Il processo produttivo, il lavoro e il capitale”, in M. Pivetti (a cura di), Letture di Economia Politica, LED, Milano
- O. Castellino, Introduzione alla contabilità nazionale, Giappichelli editore, Torino, 1991

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

1. Production and prices: general elements
The production process. Production methods and their representation. The social production process. Economy of mere subsistence. Economy producung surplus. Basic and non-basic goods.

2. Fundamentals of the classical theory of distribution and relative prices
The real wage and other circumstances taken as given in the 'core' of the theory. The concept of social surplus. Profits and general profit rate. Distinction and relationship between "normal" and "market" prices. Price equations: simultaneous determination of profit rate and relative prices. Importance and limits of the solutions to the problem attempted by Ricardo and Marx. The inverse wage-profit relationship. The theory of rent.

3. Fundamentals of the marginalist theory of distribution and relative prices
The data of the theory. Consumer theory. Functions of consumption good demand. Production theory. Direct and indirect substitutability as analytical bases for factor demand functions. Determination of distribution and relative prices in terms of supply and demand equilibria. Comparison with the classical theory of distribution. Implications of general economic equilibrium: full employment of available resources; Pareto optimality; efficiency in exchange; efficiency in production; efficiency in the combination of outputs. The notion of capital as a single productive factor and the difficulties that derive from it (mention).

4. Analysis of the single industry and market forms
The analysis of "partial" equilibrium. Short and long term cost curves of the individual enterprise. Equilibrium of enterprise and industry under competitive conditions, in the short and long period. Quantity produced and price, in the short and long period, in monopoly and monopolistic competition. The oligopoly: Cournot model.

■ "Elementi di teoria della produzione", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.1
■ "La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.2
■ "La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.3

With regard to the other text adopted, the chapters and paragraphs included in the programme are set out below, with reference to the latest edition (2017).

Robert H. Frank e Edward Cartwright, Microeconomia
Milano: McGraw-Hill, VII edizione, 2017
Capitoli e paragrafi in programma:

Capitolo 3, La scelta razionale del consumatore, p. 51
{paragrafi: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4; Appendice 3}

Capitolo 4, La domanda individuale e la domanda di mercato, p. 93
{paragrafi: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7}

Capitolo 5, Le applicazioni delle teorie della scelta razionale e della domanda, p. 137
{limitatamente a: paragrafo 5.7; Appendice 5}

Capitolo 9, La produzione, p. 267
{intero capitolo, inclusa Appendice 9}

Capitolo 10, I costi, p. 297
{intero capitolo, esclusa Appendice 10}

Capitolo 11, La concorrenza perfetta, p. 333
{paragrafi: 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.9, 11.12, 11.13}

Capitolo 12, Il monopolio, p. 377
{paragrafi: 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.8}

Capitolo 13, Concorrenza imperfetta: un approccio basato sulla teoria dei giochi, p. 427
{paragrafi: 13.1, 13.2, 13.4 limitatamente al sotto-paragrafo 13.4.1}

Capitolo 15, L'equilibrio generale e l'efficienza dei mercati, p. 523
{paragrafi: 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.6,15.7

Elements of the theory of production
- inputs, outputs and production methods
- the subsistence economy
- the economy with a surplus
The surplus approach to commodity value and income distribution
- the relevance of social and institutional elements to income distribution
- the explanation of the real wage rate
- the "core" of the classical approach
- the link between profit rate and relative prices
- the price equations
- the classical theory of rent
The theory of consumer choice
- budget set and budget constraint
- preferences
- consumer choice
- consumer-good demand curves
The theory of firm choice
- the function of production
- profit maximisation
- isoquants and isocosts
- the output expansion path and long-term cost curves
Production factors and the marginalist explanation of income distribution
- marginal and average productivity of factors
- the demand curves of factors of production
- equilibrium between supply and demand for factors of production
Market forms
- perfect competition
- monopoly
- Cournot oligopoly
- Stackelberg oligopoly
Introduction to the welfare economics
- allocations and Edgeworth box
- Pareto improvements and Pareto optima
- first theorem of welfare economics

i) “Elementi di teoria della produzione”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 1 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
ii) “La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 2 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iii) “La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 3 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iv) R.H. Frank, Microeconomia. McGraw-Hill Libri Italia, Milano. 2017.
v) “Glossario ed Esercizi Svolti di Microeconomia” (teaching material by S.M. Fratini e D. Pignalosa).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

Introduction to Italian Private Law and Interpretation.
Person Law.
Property Law.
Obligations and Contracts.
Tort Law.
Family Law.
Inheritance Law.
Private Enforcement and Civil evidence.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

Introduction to Italian Private Law and Interpretation.
Person Law.
Property Law.
Obligations and Contracts.
Tort Law.
Family Law.
Inheritance Law.
Private Enforcement and Civil evidence.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

The course will concentrate on selected important economic policy issues and relevant economic tools. The specific topics will be of contemporary interest, and will be announced by the start of each year. In any year the topics covered are likely to include some of the following: Globalisation: effects on welfare, development and income distribution; ii Inequality; Global imbalances ; Tax, fiscal policy and unemployment; Monetary policy and exchange rate frameworks ; Financial integration and currency unions ; Financial crises and relevant policies ; endogenous growth, exhaustible resources and relevant policies.

Politica economica, A. Benassy-Quere, B. Coeure, P. Jacquet. J Pisani-Ferry, Il Mulino 2014

1. Reasons, objectives, functions and instruments of economic policy (Chapter I)
2. The limits of economic policy (Chapter II)
3. Fiscal policy: scenarios and current context with particular reference to the case of the European Union (Chapter III)
4. Monetary policy: transmission channels, the role of the Central Banks, the debate on the Euro and the future (Chapter IV)
5. Exchange rate policy: international systems (Chapter V)
6. Tax policies: redistribution and correction of market failures (Chapter VII)
7. Protectionism and trade agreements (Chapter VII)
8. Growth policies: objectives, models, channels and public intervention (Chapter VI)
9. Regional policies with particular reference to the case of the European Union (Chapter VI)
10. Employment policies: the labor market, unemployment, objectives and policies in the current context (Chapter VIII)

“Politica economica. Teoria e pratica”, di Agnes Benassy-Quere, Benoit Coeure, Pierre Jacquet e Jean Pisani-Ferry (Il Mulino 2014).

1. Reasons, objectives, functions and instruments of economic policy
2. Fiscal policy: scenarios and current context, with particular reference to the case of the European Union
3. Monetary policy: transmission channels, the role of the Central Banks, the debate on the Euro and the future
4. International relations and systems
5. Tax policies: redistribution and correction of market failures
6. Protectionism and trade agreements
7. The limits of economic policy
8. Growth policies: objectives, models, channels and public intervention
9. Regional policies with particular reference to the case of the European Union
10. Employment policies: the labor market, unemployment, objectives and policies in the current context

“Politica economica. Teoria e pratica”, di Agnes Benassy-Quere, Benoit Coeure, Pierre Jacquet e Jean Pisani-Ferry (Il Mulino 2014)

The course, articulated in a single module, will cover the following topics:
1. The entrepreneur (of any kind).
2. The rules set forth for the commercial enterprises.
2. Companies and other business organizations.
4. The joint-stock company and the limited partnership by shares.
5. Transformation, merger and spin-off.
6. The co-operative companies, the consortia and the joint-ventures.
7. Entrepreneur’s auxiliaries; the establishment.
8. Debt securities and promissory notes.
9. Bankruptcy (general principles).

V. Buonocore (conceived by), Manuale di diritto commerciale, Torino, Giappichelli, last edition:
part I (excluding cap. III, VI e VII);
part II;
part V, sez. I e sez. II, parag. 1 e parag. 2;
part VI, sez. I.
It’s recommended studying the subject with an updated Civil Code, comprehensive of connected laws.

The course, articulated in a single module, will cover the following topics:
1. The entrepreneur (of any kind).
2. The rules set forth for the commercial enterprises.
2. Companies and other business organizations.
4. The joint-stock company and the limited partnership by shares.
5. Transformation, merger and spin-off.
6. The co-operative companies, the consortia and the joint-ventures.
7. Entrepreneur’s auxiliaries; the establishment.
8. Debt securities and promissory notes.
9. Bankruptcy (general principles).

V. Buonocore (conceived by), Manuale di diritto commerciale, Torino, Giappichelli, last edition:
part I (excluding cap. III, VI e VII);
part II;
part V, sez. I e sez. II, parag. 1 e parag. 2;
part VI, sez. I.
It’s recommended studying the subject with an updated Civil Code, comprehensive of connected laws.

Structure of the computer. Hardware and Software. General diagram of a data processing system. Type of computers. The use of the computer memories. The processor. The multiprocessor architectures. Input / Output: Ports for input / output of the computer. The units of input. The units of output. Operating systems. Characteristics of the operating systems. The multitasking operating systems. The Windows operating system. The graphical interface. Computer networks. The communication between computers. Protocols and interfaces. The local networks. The transmission media. The types of network. The wide area networks. Internetwork. Internet. The services of the Internet.
Spreadsheet, Word processing and presentation tools.

ECDL Syllabus 5.0 - La guida McGraw- Hill alla Patente Europea del Computer

Logica proposizionale ed insiemistica: Proposizioni, operazioni con le proposizioni, insiemi, operazioni con gli insiemi ed applicazioni.
Insiemi numerici: Numeri interi, relativi, razionali, reali; insiemi numerici limitati; intervalli, intorni, punti di accumulazione in R.
Sommatoria e produttoria Somme particolari e proprietà.
Cenni alle successioni e serie numeriche
Funzioni reali di variabile reale: Funzioni iniettive, suriettive, pari e dispari, funzioni elementari, funzioni composte, funzioni invertibili, grafici deducibili da quelli noti; limiti, teoremi di unicità del limite, teoremi della permanenza del segno, teorema del confronto; continuità, Teorema degli zeri, teorema di Weierstrass e di Darboux; infinitesimi, infiniti, ordine, teoremi di cancellazione.
Calcolo differenziale: Rapporto incrementale, derivata, teorema su derivabilità e continuità, regole di derivazione, derivazione funzioni composte e funzioni inverse, differenziale, derivate di ordine superiore, approssimazione con polinomi di Taylor e di Mc Laurin.
Studio di funzioni: Massimi e minimi relativi, teorema di Fermat, teorema di Rolle, teorema di Lagrange e corollari, teorema di De L’Hospital, funzioni concave e convesse.
Calcolo integrale: Funzioni primitive e integrale indefinito, integrazione per parti e per sostituzione, integrale definito: proprietà, teorema della media, teorema di Torricelli Barrow e corollario.
Algebra lineare: Vettori, spazi vettoriali, vettori linearmente dipendenti e non, basi, matrici, operazioni con le matrici, determinante, rango, matrice inversa, sistemi di equazioni lineari, teorema di Cramer e di Rouchè-Capelli, sistemi parametrici.

teaching material on the teacher's website

Nozioni preliminari.
Applicazioni. Applicazioni iniettive e suriettive. Corrispondenza biunivoca. Applicazione inversa.
Numeri e insiemi numerici. Numeri naturali. Numeri interi o relativi. Numeri razionali. √2∈Q (c.d.). Numeri reali e rappresentazione sulla retta. Insiemi limitati e non limitati. Estremo superiore ed inferiore di insiemi di numeri razionali e reali.
Intervalli e intorni. Punti di accumulazione, interni, isolati e di frontiera. Insiemi aperti e insiemi chiusi.
Definizione di sommatoria. Proprietà. Somme particolari. Somma dei primi n naturali. Progressioni aritmetiche e geometriche e somma dei loro primi n termini. Produttoria: definizione; fattoriale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale, generalità. Il piano cartesiano e il grafico di una funzione. Funzioni iniettive e suriettive e grafico. Funzioni pari e dispari. Crescenza e decrescenza e funzioni monotone in un intervallo. Concavità e convessità in un intervallo. Funzioni limitate. Funzione composta. Funzione inversa, monotonia e invertibilità, grafico della funzione inversa.
Funzioni elementari (tranne le funzioni goniometriche). Funzioni a più leggi. Operazioni sui grafici, trasformazioni di funzioni note. Ricerca del dominio di una funzione.
Successioni.
Definizione di successione. Limite di una successione. Successioni convergenti e divergenti. Successioni monotòne e teorema di regolarità (c.d.). Verifiche e calcolo di limiti di successioni
Limiti, continuità, infinitesimi e infiniti.
Definizione di limite al finito e all’infinito. Convergenza e divergenza. Limite destro e limite sinistro. Asintoti verticali, orizzontali e obliqui. Teorema di unicità del limite (c.d.). Teorema di permanenza del segno in forma diretta (c.d.) e inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema del confronto (dim. fac.). Verifiche di limiti. Operazioni con i limiti. Forme indeterminate. Limiti notevoli.
Infinitesimi e infiniti: definizioni e operazioni. Confronto fra infinitesimi e fra infiniti. Ordine di infinitesimo ed infinito. Teorema di cancellazione per infinitesimi (c.d.) e per infiniti (dim. fac.).
Definizione di continuità in un punto. Continuità in un intervallo. Limiti e continuità. Teoremi sulle funzioni continue: operazioni razionali sulle funzioni continue (c.d.); continuità della funzione composta (c.d.). Classificazione dei punti di discontinuità. Continuità dell'inversa. Massimi e minimi di una funzione. Teorema degli zeri (c.d.). Teorema di Weierstrass (senza dim.). Teorema di Darboux (dim. fac.).
Calcolo differenziale.
Rapporto incrementale. Derivata di una funzione in un punto e in un intervallo. Significato geometrico. Derivabilità implica continuità (c.d.). Punti di non derivabilità. Funzione derivata e derivate di ordine successivo. Derivate delle funzioni elementari (c.d.). Algebra delle derivate (c.d.). Regole di derivazione. Derivata di funzioni composte (c.d.). Derivata della funzione inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema di De L'Hôpital (c.d.) e applicazione al calcolo di limite.
Differenziale. Approssimazione locale del primo ordine. Teorema del resto del primo ordine (dim. fac.). Polinomio di Taylor e di Mc Laurin. Approssimazioni di ordine superiore. Teorema di Taylor (dim. fac.).
Massimi e minimi locali. Punti stazionari. Teorema di Fermat (c.d.). Teorema di Rolle (dim. fac.). Teorema di Lagrange (c.d.). Corollari al teorema di Lagrange (dim. fac.). Individuazione dei massimi e dei minimi relativi. Relazioni tra la monotonia e la derivata.
Concavità e convessità globale e in un punto, definizioni. Relazione fra la derivata seconda e la concavità (c.d.). Punti di flesso. Condizioni sufficienti del second’ordine per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi (dim. fac.). Condizioni sufficienti di ordine n per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi o flessi (dim. fac.).
Studio di funzione.
Calcolo integrale.
Funzioni primitive. Integrale indefinito. Prima proprietà delle primitive. Seconda proprietà delle primitive (c.d.). Proprietà dell'integrale indefinito. Integrali indefiniti immediati e loro deduzione a partire dalle regole di derivazione. Integrazione per parti. Integrazione per sostituzione.
Integrale definito (somme integrali, funzioni integrabili secondo Riemann). Proprietà dell'integrale definito. Funzione integrale. Teorema della media integrale (dim. fac.). Teorema di Torricelli-Barrow o teorema fondamentale del calcolo integrale (c.d.). Corollario al teorema di Torricelli-Barrow (dim. fac.). Integrazione definita. Integrali impropri (cenni e definizioni).
Algebra lineare.
Vettori e spazi vettoriali. Rappresentazione geometrica dei vettori. Prodotto di un vettore per uno scalare. Somma di vettori. Combinazione lineare di vettori (CL). Vettori linearmente dipendenti (LD) e indipendenti (LI). LD implica CL (c.d.). Matrici. Operazioni con le matrici. Prodotto righe per colonne. Matrici particolari. Matrice trasposta. Determinante di una matrice di ordine n. Proprietà del determinante. Matrice inversa: teorema di unicità della matrice inversa (c.d.); CNS per l’invertibilità (c.d.). Caratteristica o rango di una matrice. Rango e dipendenza lineare.
Sistemi di equazioni lineari. Teorema di Cramer (senza dim.). Teorema di Rouché-Capelli (senza dim.). Sistemi omogenei. Sistemi parametrici.

Appunti scaricabili online dalla pagina web del corso.
Alberto Bersani, Francesco Manzini, Loretta Mastroeni. Esercizi di Matematica Generale: Per i corsi del nuovo ordinamento delle Facoltà di Economia. Società Editrice Esculapio, 2009.

1. National accounting system: basic defintions and identities. Main macroeconomic indicators
2. Keynes’s theory: aggregate demand and equilibrium output
3. Keynes’s theory: money and interest
4. The IS-LM model
5. The AS-AD model
6. Inflation and unemployment
7. Macroeconomics of the European Union
8. Money: creation an control

Compulsory material:
1) Textbook: Rudiger Dornbusch, Stanley Fischer, Richard Startz, Giuseppe Canullo, Paolo Pettenati, Macroeconomia, 11a ed (2016), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 9788838615290 (check the detailed programme for precise indications)
2) Additional teaching material (lecture notes, etc, available on the website)

1. National accounts
2. The neoclassical model
3. Aggregate demand and income multipliers
4. Money and interest
5. The IS-LM model
6. The AD-AS model
7. The Phillips curve
8. The new-Keynesian models

- R. Dornbusch, S. Fischer, R. Startz, G. Canullo, P. Pettenati, Macroeconomia, McGraw Hill, Milano, 2014
- J.R. Hicks, “Il processo produttivo, il lavoro e il capitale”, in M. Pivetti (a cura di), Letture di Economia Politica, LED, Milano
- O. Castellino, Introduzione alla contabilità nazionale, Giappichelli editore, Torino, 1991

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

1. Production and prices: general elements
The production process. Production methods and their representation. The social production process. Economy of mere subsistence. Economy producung surplus. Basic and non-basic goods.

2. Fundamentals of the classical theory of distribution and relative prices
The real wage and other circumstances taken as given in the 'core' of the theory. The concept of social surplus. Profits and general profit rate. Distinction and relationship between "normal" and "market" prices. Price equations: simultaneous determination of profit rate and relative prices. Importance and limits of the solutions to the problem attempted by Ricardo and Marx. The inverse wage-profit relationship. The theory of rent.

3. Fundamentals of the marginalist theory of distribution and relative prices
The data of the theory. Consumer theory. Functions of consumption good demand. Production theory. Direct and indirect substitutability as analytical bases for factor demand functions. Determination of distribution and relative prices in terms of supply and demand equilibria. Comparison with the classical theory of distribution. Implications of general economic equilibrium: full employment of available resources; Pareto optimality; efficiency in exchange; efficiency in production; efficiency in the combination of outputs. The notion of capital as a single productive factor and the difficulties that derive from it (mention).

4. Analysis of the single industry and market forms
The analysis of "partial" equilibrium. Short and long term cost curves of the individual enterprise. Equilibrium of enterprise and industry under competitive conditions, in the short and long period. Quantity produced and price, in the short and long period, in monopoly and monopolistic competition. The oligopoly: Cournot model.

■ "Elementi di teoria della produzione", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.1
■ "La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.2
■ "La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.3

With regard to the other text adopted, the chapters and paragraphs included in the programme are set out below, with reference to the latest edition (2017).

Robert H. Frank e Edward Cartwright, Microeconomia
Milano: McGraw-Hill, VII edizione, 2017
Capitoli e paragrafi in programma:

Capitolo 3, La scelta razionale del consumatore, p. 51
{paragrafi: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4; Appendice 3}

Capitolo 4, La domanda individuale e la domanda di mercato, p. 93
{paragrafi: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7}

Capitolo 5, Le applicazioni delle teorie della scelta razionale e della domanda, p. 137
{limitatamente a: paragrafo 5.7; Appendice 5}

Capitolo 9, La produzione, p. 267
{intero capitolo, inclusa Appendice 9}

Capitolo 10, I costi, p. 297
{intero capitolo, esclusa Appendice 10}

Capitolo 11, La concorrenza perfetta, p. 333
{paragrafi: 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.9, 11.12, 11.13}

Capitolo 12, Il monopolio, p. 377
{paragrafi: 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.8}

Capitolo 13, Concorrenza imperfetta: un approccio basato sulla teoria dei giochi, p. 427
{paragrafi: 13.1, 13.2, 13.4 limitatamente al sotto-paragrafo 13.4.1}

Capitolo 15, L'equilibrio generale e l'efficienza dei mercati, p. 523
{paragrafi: 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.6,15.7

Elements of the theory of production
- inputs, outputs and production methods
- the subsistence economy
- the economy with a surplus
The surplus approach to commodity value and income distribution
- the relevance of social and institutional elements to income distribution
- the explanation of the real wage rate
- the "core" of the classical approach
- the link between profit rate and relative prices
- the price equations
- the classical theory of rent
The theory of consumer choice
- budget set and budget constraint
- preferences
- consumer choice
- consumer-good demand curves
The theory of firm choice
- the function of production
- profit maximisation
- isoquants and isocosts
- the output expansion path and long-term cost curves
Production factors and the marginalist explanation of income distribution
- marginal and average productivity of factors
- the demand curves of factors of production
- equilibrium between supply and demand for factors of production
Market forms
- perfect competition
- monopoly
- Cournot oligopoly
- Stackelberg oligopoly
Introduction to the welfare economics
- allocations and Edgeworth box
- Pareto improvements and Pareto optima
- first theorem of welfare economics

i) “Elementi di teoria della produzione”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 1 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
ii) “La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 2 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iii) “La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 3 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iv) R.H. Frank, Microeconomia. McGraw-Hill Libri Italia, Milano. 2017.
v) “Glossario ed Esercizi Svolti di Microeconomia” (teaching material by S.M. Fratini e D. Pignalosa).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

Introduction to Italian Private Law and Interpretation.
Person Law.
Property Law.
Obligations and Contracts.
Tort Law.
Family Law.
Inheritance Law.
Private Enforcement and Civil evidence.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

Introduction to Italian Private Law and Interpretation.
Person Law.
Property Law.
Obligations and Contracts.
Tort Law.
Family Law.
Inheritance Law.
Private Enforcement and Civil evidence.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

The course is structured in three parts:
1) The company and the strategy
2) The functions of company management
3) Operational management

Specifically, the course deals with:
Firms and their roles
Firm and their environment
Stakeholders theory
Theory of the firm
Strategic management of the company
The competitive analysis
Evolution of sectors and competitive structures
The Resource Based View
The competitive advantage
The growth of the company
The roles of corporate management: management, programming, control, human resources, information systems, knowledge management
Operational management: marketing, production, finance, logistics, innovation, administration

A detailed schedule of the course is available on the sharing folder at the link: https://uniroma3-my.sharepoint.com/:f:/g/personal/maddis_os_uniroma3_en/EuVrySumuAVCvS-gAm73YHwBSahoN_5kOrLQobS5VQkFsA?e=9EVmE6

Teaching material is as follows:
• textbook: Sciarelli (2017) La gestione dell’impresa. Tra teoria e pratica aziendale, CEDAM
• Slides
• Notes
• Any video used and indicated
• Any case and exercise
• Guest Speeches
• Additional material shared by students for supplementary activities

Students interested in better examining the topics are kindly invited to discuss with the instructor.

Part I: Linear algebra
The real vector space . Linear dependence and independence. Subspaces and spaces generated by vectors. Bases. Algebra of matrices. Determinant. Inverse matrix. Rank of a matrix. Systems of linear equations. Cramer's Theorem and Rouché-Capelli's Theorem. Homogeneous systems and linear dependence. Norm and Euclidean distance in . Scalar product. Sequences in . Topology and metrics in . Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Diagonalization of matrices. Properties of eigenvalues.
Part II: Calculus of functions of several variables:
Continuous functions and Weierstrass theorem. Concave or convex functions. Partial derivatives and gradient. Differential. Derivations along a curve and directional derivative. Second order derivatives. Schwarz's theorem. Hessian matrix. Implicit function thoerem. Comparative statics. Inverse function theorem. Quadratic forms and matrices. Sign of a quadratic form.
Part III: Optimization:
Local and global maximum or minimum. First order conditions and second order conditions for free optimization. Equality constraints. Inequality constraints. Substitution method. Lagrange multiplier theorem. Second order conditions with constraints. Optimization for convex functions. Economic applications.
Part IV: Ordinary differential equations and systems
Definitions and examples. Exact differential. Equations in separable variables. Exact equations. Homogeneous equations. Malthusian growth model. Logistic growth model. Second order linear differential equations. General theorem of existence and uniqueness of the solution. Field of directions. Economic applications. Two-dimensional differential equation systems. Systems of linear differential equations: resolving method using eigenvalues, stationary states and their stability. Economic applications.

Textbook
• Simon & Blume: “Matematica per le scienze economiche” ed. Egea
or
• Simon & Blume: "Matematica 2 per l’economia e le scienze sociali", Università Bocconi Editore, 2002.

The course will concentrate on selected important economic policy issues and relevant economic tools. The specific topics will be of contemporary interest, and will be announced by the start of each year. In any year the topics covered are likely to include some of the following: Globalisation: effects on welfare, development and income distribution; ii Inequality; Global imbalances ; Tax, fiscal policy and unemployment; Monetary policy and exchange rate frameworks ; Financial integration and currency unions ; Financial crises and relevant policies ; endogenous growth, exhaustible resources and relevant policies.

Politica economica, A. Benassy-Quere, B. Coeure, P. Jacquet. J Pisani-Ferry, Il Mulino 2014

1. Reasons, objectives, functions and instruments of economic policy (Chapter I)
2. The limits of economic policy (Chapter II)
3. Fiscal policy: scenarios and current context with particular reference to the case of the European Union (Chapter III)
4. Monetary policy: transmission channels, the role of the Central Banks, the debate on the Euro and the future (Chapter IV)
5. Exchange rate policy: international systems (Chapter V)
6. Tax policies: redistribution and correction of market failures (Chapter VII)
7. Protectionism and trade agreements (Chapter VII)
8. Growth policies: objectives, models, channels and public intervention (Chapter VI)
9. Regional policies with particular reference to the case of the European Union (Chapter VI)
10. Employment policies: the labor market, unemployment, objectives and policies in the current context (Chapter VIII)

“Politica economica. Teoria e pratica”, di Agnes Benassy-Quere, Benoit Coeure, Pierre Jacquet e Jean Pisani-Ferry (Il Mulino 2014).

1. Reasons, objectives, functions and instruments of economic policy
2. Fiscal policy: scenarios and current context, with particular reference to the case of the European Union
3. Monetary policy: transmission channels, the role of the Central Banks, the debate on the Euro and the future
4. International relations and systems
5. Tax policies: redistribution and correction of market failures
6. Protectionism and trade agreements
7. The limits of economic policy
8. Growth policies: objectives, models, channels and public intervention
9. Regional policies with particular reference to the case of the European Union
10. Employment policies: the labor market, unemployment, objectives and policies in the current context

“Politica economica. Teoria e pratica”, di Agnes Benassy-Quere, Benoit Coeure, Pierre Jacquet e Jean Pisani-Ferry (Il Mulino 2014)

Main official statistical surveys: data production and interpretation. In particular: Consumer prices, Industrial production, Labour force, Household consumptions, Income and living conditions, Household Income and Wealth, National accounts. Main statistical indicators for economic phenomena: (simple and complex) index numbers, measures of concentration.
Calendar adjusted and seasonal adjusted time series. Chain-linked values. The use of moving averages to reconstruct the trend.
Introduction to econometrics. Single and multiple Linear Regression: ordinary least squares, goodness of fit, homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity, nonlinear regression functions. An introduction to the use of R for statistical analysis.

Class notes. Press releases (Istat - Banca d'Italia).
Stock J.H. and Watson M.W., Introduction to Econometrics, Update, Global edition, 3rd Edition, 2014, Pearson.

Obiettivi formativi: Il corso si prefigge d'introdurre gli studenti ai temi dello sviluppo economico.
Propedeuticità: Per sostenere l'esame di Economia dello sviluppo è necessario che gli studenti abbiano superato gli esami di Macroeconomia e di Microeconomia, discipline propedeutiche.
Modalità d'esame: l'esame consiste in una prova scritta.

Programma
Parte I. (Manuale)

Sviluppo e sottosviluppo
Crescita, sviluppo economico, sviluppo umano
Definizioni dello sviluppo;
Lo sviluppo capitalistico e le sue fasi
Origini e storia del sottosviluppo
Paesi in via di sviluppo e paesi meno sviluppati
Crescita e sviluppo nell'economia politica
Sviluppo economico e istituzioni
Il problema dello sviluppo nella storia del pensiero economico
Teorie della crescita ed economia dello sviluppo
Dal sottosviluppo allo sviluppo
L'accumulazione del capitale
La crescita della popolazione
Il progresso tecnico
Capitale umano
Il commercio internazionale
Distribuzione del reddito, crescita e sviluppo
Sviluppo economico e mutamento istituzionale

VOLPI, F., Lezioni di economia dello sviluppo, Franco Angeli, 2007.

Structure of the computer. Hardware and Software. General diagram of a data processing system. Type of computers. The use of the computer memories. The processor. The multiprocessor architectures. Input / Output: Ports for input / output of the computer. The units of input. The units of output. Operating systems. Characteristics of the operating systems. The multitasking operating systems. The Windows operating system. The graphical interface. Computer networks. The communication between computers. Protocols and interfaces. The local networks. The transmission media. The types of network. The wide area networks. Internetwork. Internet. The services of the Internet.
Spreadsheet, Word processing and presentation tools.

ECDL Syllabus 5.0 - La guida McGraw- Hill alla Patente Europea del Computer

Logica proposizionale ed insiemistica: Proposizioni, operazioni con le proposizioni, insiemi, operazioni con gli insiemi ed applicazioni.
Insiemi numerici: Numeri interi, relativi, razionali, reali; insiemi numerici limitati; intervalli, intorni, punti di accumulazione in R.
Sommatoria e produttoria Somme particolari e proprietà.
Cenni alle successioni e serie numeriche
Funzioni reali di variabile reale: Funzioni iniettive, suriettive, pari e dispari, funzioni elementari, funzioni composte, funzioni invertibili, grafici deducibili da quelli noti; limiti, teoremi di unicità del limite, teoremi della permanenza del segno, teorema del confronto; continuità, Teorema degli zeri, teorema di Weierstrass e di Darboux; infinitesimi, infiniti, ordine, teoremi di cancellazione.
Calcolo differenziale: Rapporto incrementale, derivata, teorema su derivabilità e continuità, regole di derivazione, derivazione funzioni composte e funzioni inverse, differenziale, derivate di ordine superiore, approssimazione con polinomi di Taylor e di Mc Laurin.
Studio di funzioni: Massimi e minimi relativi, teorema di Fermat, teorema di Rolle, teorema di Lagrange e corollari, teorema di De L’Hospital, funzioni concave e convesse.
Calcolo integrale: Funzioni primitive e integrale indefinito, integrazione per parti e per sostituzione, integrale definito: proprietà, teorema della media, teorema di Torricelli Barrow e corollario.
Algebra lineare: Vettori, spazi vettoriali, vettori linearmente dipendenti e non, basi, matrici, operazioni con le matrici, determinante, rango, matrice inversa, sistemi di equazioni lineari, teorema di Cramer e di Rouchè-Capelli, sistemi parametrici.

teaching material on the teacher's website

Nozioni preliminari.
Applicazioni. Applicazioni iniettive e suriettive. Corrispondenza biunivoca. Applicazione inversa.
Numeri e insiemi numerici. Numeri naturali. Numeri interi o relativi. Numeri razionali. √2∈Q (c.d.). Numeri reali e rappresentazione sulla retta. Insiemi limitati e non limitati. Estremo superiore ed inferiore di insiemi di numeri razionali e reali.
Intervalli e intorni. Punti di accumulazione, interni, isolati e di frontiera. Insiemi aperti e insiemi chiusi.
Definizione di sommatoria. Proprietà. Somme particolari. Somma dei primi n naturali. Progressioni aritmetiche e geometriche e somma dei loro primi n termini. Produttoria: definizione; fattoriale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale, generalità. Il piano cartesiano e il grafico di una funzione. Funzioni iniettive e suriettive e grafico. Funzioni pari e dispari. Crescenza e decrescenza e funzioni monotone in un intervallo. Concavità e convessità in un intervallo. Funzioni limitate. Funzione composta. Funzione inversa, monotonia e invertibilità, grafico della funzione inversa.
Funzioni elementari (tranne le funzioni goniometriche). Funzioni a più leggi. Operazioni sui grafici, trasformazioni di funzioni note. Ricerca del dominio di una funzione.
Successioni.
Definizione di successione. Limite di una successione. Successioni convergenti e divergenti. Successioni monotòne e teorema di regolarità (c.d.). Verifiche e calcolo di limiti di successioni
Limiti, continuità, infinitesimi e infiniti.
Definizione di limite al finito e all’infinito. Convergenza e divergenza. Limite destro e limite sinistro. Asintoti verticali, orizzontali e obliqui. Teorema di unicità del limite (c.d.). Teorema di permanenza del segno in forma diretta (c.d.) e inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema del confronto (dim. fac.). Verifiche di limiti. Operazioni con i limiti. Forme indeterminate. Limiti notevoli.
Infinitesimi e infiniti: definizioni e operazioni. Confronto fra infinitesimi e fra infiniti. Ordine di infinitesimo ed infinito. Teorema di cancellazione per infinitesimi (c.d.) e per infiniti (dim. fac.).
Definizione di continuità in un punto. Continuità in un intervallo. Limiti e continuità. Teoremi sulle funzioni continue: operazioni razionali sulle funzioni continue (c.d.); continuità della funzione composta (c.d.). Classificazione dei punti di discontinuità. Continuità dell'inversa. Massimi e minimi di una funzione. Teorema degli zeri (c.d.). Teorema di Weierstrass (senza dim.). Teorema di Darboux (dim. fac.).
Calcolo differenziale.
Rapporto incrementale. Derivata di una funzione in un punto e in un intervallo. Significato geometrico. Derivabilità implica continuità (c.d.). Punti di non derivabilità. Funzione derivata e derivate di ordine successivo. Derivate delle funzioni elementari (c.d.). Algebra delle derivate (c.d.). Regole di derivazione. Derivata di funzioni composte (c.d.). Derivata della funzione inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema di De L'Hôpital (c.d.) e applicazione al calcolo di limite.
Differenziale. Approssimazione locale del primo ordine. Teorema del resto del primo ordine (dim. fac.). Polinomio di Taylor e di Mc Laurin. Approssimazioni di ordine superiore. Teorema di Taylor (dim. fac.).
Massimi e minimi locali. Punti stazionari. Teorema di Fermat (c.d.). Teorema di Rolle (dim. fac.). Teorema di Lagrange (c.d.). Corollari al teorema di Lagrange (dim. fac.). Individuazione dei massimi e dei minimi relativi. Relazioni tra la monotonia e la derivata.
Concavità e convessità globale e in un punto, definizioni. Relazione fra la derivata seconda e la concavità (c.d.). Punti di flesso. Condizioni sufficienti del second’ordine per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi (dim. fac.). Condizioni sufficienti di ordine n per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi o flessi (dim. fac.).
Studio di funzione.
Calcolo integrale.
Funzioni primitive. Integrale indefinito. Prima proprietà delle primitive. Seconda proprietà delle primitive (c.d.). Proprietà dell'integrale indefinito. Integrali indefiniti immediati e loro deduzione a partire dalle regole di derivazione. Integrazione per parti. Integrazione per sostituzione.
Integrale definito (somme integrali, funzioni integrabili secondo Riemann). Proprietà dell'integrale definito. Funzione integrale. Teorema della media integrale (dim. fac.). Teorema di Torricelli-Barrow o teorema fondamentale del calcolo integrale (c.d.). Corollario al teorema di Torricelli-Barrow (dim. fac.). Integrazione definita. Integrali impropri (cenni e definizioni).
Algebra lineare.
Vettori e spazi vettoriali. Rappresentazione geometrica dei vettori. Prodotto di un vettore per uno scalare. Somma di vettori. Combinazione lineare di vettori (CL). Vettori linearmente dipendenti (LD) e indipendenti (LI). LD implica CL (c.d.). Matrici. Operazioni con le matrici. Prodotto righe per colonne. Matrici particolari. Matrice trasposta. Determinante di una matrice di ordine n. Proprietà del determinante. Matrice inversa: teorema di unicità della matrice inversa (c.d.); CNS per l’invertibilità (c.d.). Caratteristica o rango di una matrice. Rango e dipendenza lineare.
Sistemi di equazioni lineari. Teorema di Cramer (senza dim.). Teorema di Rouché-Capelli (senza dim.). Sistemi omogenei. Sistemi parametrici.

Appunti scaricabili online dalla pagina web del corso.
Alberto Bersani, Francesco Manzini, Loretta Mastroeni. Esercizi di Matematica Generale: Per i corsi del nuovo ordinamento delle Facoltà di Economia. Società Editrice Esculapio, 2009.

1. National accounting system: basic defintions and identities. Main macroeconomic indicators
2. Keynes’s theory: aggregate demand and equilibrium output
3. Keynes’s theory: money and interest
4. The IS-LM model
5. The AS-AD model
6. Inflation and unemployment
7. Macroeconomics of the European Union
8. Money: creation an control

Compulsory material:
1) Textbook: Rudiger Dornbusch, Stanley Fischer, Richard Startz, Giuseppe Canullo, Paolo Pettenati, Macroeconomia, 11a ed (2016), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 9788838615290 (check the detailed programme for precise indications)
2) Additional teaching material (lecture notes, etc, available on the website)

1. National accounts
2. The neoclassical model
3. Aggregate demand and income multipliers
4. Money and interest
5. The IS-LM model
6. The AD-AS model
7. The Phillips curve
8. The new-Keynesian models

- R. Dornbusch, S. Fischer, R. Startz, G. Canullo, P. Pettenati, Macroeconomia, McGraw Hill, Milano, 2014
- J.R. Hicks, “Il processo produttivo, il lavoro e il capitale”, in M. Pivetti (a cura di), Letture di Economia Politica, LED, Milano
- O. Castellino, Introduzione alla contabilità nazionale, Giappichelli editore, Torino, 1991

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

1. Production and prices: general elements
The production process. Production methods and their representation. The social production process. Economy of mere subsistence. Economy producung surplus. Basic and non-basic goods.

2. Fundamentals of the classical theory of distribution and relative prices
The real wage and other circumstances taken as given in the 'core' of the theory. The concept of social surplus. Profits and general profit rate. Distinction and relationship between "normal" and "market" prices. Price equations: simultaneous determination of profit rate and relative prices. Importance and limits of the solutions to the problem attempted by Ricardo and Marx. The inverse wage-profit relationship. The theory of rent.

3. Fundamentals of the marginalist theory of distribution and relative prices
The data of the theory. Consumer theory. Functions of consumption good demand. Production theory. Direct and indirect substitutability as analytical bases for factor demand functions. Determination of distribution and relative prices in terms of supply and demand equilibria. Comparison with the classical theory of distribution. Implications of general economic equilibrium: full employment of available resources; Pareto optimality; efficiency in exchange; efficiency in production; efficiency in the combination of outputs. The notion of capital as a single productive factor and the difficulties that derive from it (mention).

4. Analysis of the single industry and market forms
The analysis of "partial" equilibrium. Short and long term cost curves of the individual enterprise. Equilibrium of enterprise and industry under competitive conditions, in the short and long period. Quantity produced and price, in the short and long period, in monopoly and monopolistic competition. The oligopoly: Cournot model.

■ "Elementi di teoria della produzione", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.1
■ "La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.2
■ "La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.3

With regard to the other text adopted, the chapters and paragraphs included in the programme are set out below, with reference to the latest edition (2017).

Robert H. Frank e Edward Cartwright, Microeconomia
Milano: McGraw-Hill, VII edizione, 2017
Capitoli e paragrafi in programma:

Capitolo 3, La scelta razionale del consumatore, p. 51
{paragrafi: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4; Appendice 3}

Capitolo 4, La domanda individuale e la domanda di mercato, p. 93
{paragrafi: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7}

Capitolo 5, Le applicazioni delle teorie della scelta razionale e della domanda, p. 137
{limitatamente a: paragrafo 5.7; Appendice 5}

Capitolo 9, La produzione, p. 267
{intero capitolo, inclusa Appendice 9}

Capitolo 10, I costi, p. 297
{intero capitolo, esclusa Appendice 10}

Capitolo 11, La concorrenza perfetta, p. 333
{paragrafi: 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.9, 11.12, 11.13}

Capitolo 12, Il monopolio, p. 377
{paragrafi: 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.8}

Capitolo 13, Concorrenza imperfetta: un approccio basato sulla teoria dei giochi, p. 427
{paragrafi: 13.1, 13.2, 13.4 limitatamente al sotto-paragrafo 13.4.1}

Capitolo 15, L'equilibrio generale e l'efficienza dei mercati, p. 523
{paragrafi: 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.6,15.7

Elements of the theory of production
- inputs, outputs and production methods
- the subsistence economy
- the economy with a surplus
The surplus approach to commodity value and income distribution
- the relevance of social and institutional elements to income distribution
- the explanation of the real wage rate
- the "core" of the classical approach
- the link between profit rate and relative prices
- the price equations
- the classical theory of rent
The theory of consumer choice
- budget set and budget constraint
- preferences
- consumer choice
- consumer-good demand curves
The theory of firm choice
- the function of production
- profit maximisation
- isoquants and isocosts
- the output expansion path and long-term cost curves
Production factors and the marginalist explanation of income distribution
- marginal and average productivity of factors
- the demand curves of factors of production
- equilibrium between supply and demand for factors of production
Market forms
- perfect competition
- monopoly
- Cournot oligopoly
- Stackelberg oligopoly
Introduction to the welfare economics
- allocations and Edgeworth box
- Pareto improvements and Pareto optima
- first theorem of welfare economics

i) “Elementi di teoria della produzione”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 1 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
ii) “La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 2 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iii) “La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 3 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iv) R.H. Frank, Microeconomia. McGraw-Hill Libri Italia, Milano. 2017.
v) “Glossario ed Esercizi Svolti di Microeconomia” (teaching material by S.M. Fratini e D. Pignalosa).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

Introduction to Italian Private Law and Interpretation.
Person Law.
Property Law.
Obligations and Contracts.
Tort Law.
Family Law.
Inheritance Law.
Private Enforcement and Civil evidence.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

Introduction to Italian Private Law and Interpretation.
Person Law.
Property Law.
Obligations and Contracts.
Tort Law.
Family Law.
Inheritance Law.
Private Enforcement and Civil evidence.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

Part I: Linear algebra
The real vector space . Linear dependence and independence. Subspaces and spaces generated by vectors. Bases. Algebra of matrices. Determinant. Inverse matrix. Rank of a matrix. Systems of linear equations. Cramer's Theorem and Rouché-Capelli's Theorem. Homogeneous systems and linear dependence. Norm and Euclidean distance in . Scalar product. Sequences in . Topology and metrics in . Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Diagonalization of matrices. Properties of eigenvalues.
Part II: Calculus of functions of several variables:
Continuous functions and Weierstrass theorem. Concave or convex functions. Partial derivatives and gradient. Differential. Derivations along a curve and directional derivative. Second order derivatives. Schwarz's theorem. Hessian matrix. Implicit function thoerem. Comparative statics. Inverse function theorem. Quadratic forms and matrices. Sign of a quadratic form.
Part III: Optimization:
Local and global maximum or minimum. First order conditions and second order conditions for free optimization. Equality constraints. Inequality constraints. Substitution method. Lagrange multiplier theorem. Second order conditions with constraints. Optimization for convex functions. Economic applications.
Part IV: Ordinary differential equations and systems
Definitions and examples. Exact differential. Equations in separable variables. Exact equations. Homogeneous equations. Malthusian growth model. Logistic growth model. Second order linear differential equations. General theorem of existence and uniqueness of the solution. Field of directions. Economic applications. Two-dimensional differential equation systems. Systems of linear differential equations: resolving method using eigenvalues, stationary states and their stability. Economic applications.

Textbook
• Simon & Blume: “Matematica per le scienze economiche” ed. Egea
or
• Simon & Blume: "Matematica 2 per l’economia e le scienze sociali", Università Bocconi Editore, 2002.

The course will concentrate on selected important economic policy issues and relevant economic tools. The specific topics will be of contemporary interest, and will be announced by the start of each year. In any year the topics covered are likely to include some of the following: Globalisation: effects on welfare, development and income distribution; ii Inequality; Global imbalances ; Tax, fiscal policy and unemployment; Monetary policy and exchange rate frameworks ; Financial integration and currency unions ; Financial crises and relevant policies ; endogenous growth, exhaustible resources and relevant policies.

Politica economica, A. Benassy-Quere, B. Coeure, P. Jacquet. J Pisani-Ferry, Il Mulino 2014

1. Reasons, objectives, functions and instruments of economic policy (Chapter I)
2. The limits of economic policy (Chapter II)
3. Fiscal policy: scenarios and current context with particular reference to the case of the European Union (Chapter III)
4. Monetary policy: transmission channels, the role of the Central Banks, the debate on the Euro and the future (Chapter IV)
5. Exchange rate policy: international systems (Chapter V)
6. Tax policies: redistribution and correction of market failures (Chapter VII)
7. Protectionism and trade agreements (Chapter VII)
8. Growth policies: objectives, models, channels and public intervention (Chapter VI)
9. Regional policies with particular reference to the case of the European Union (Chapter VI)
10. Employment policies: the labor market, unemployment, objectives and policies in the current context (Chapter VIII)

“Politica economica. Teoria e pratica”, di Agnes Benassy-Quere, Benoit Coeure, Pierre Jacquet e Jean Pisani-Ferry (Il Mulino 2014).

1. Reasons, objectives, functions and instruments of economic policy
2. Fiscal policy: scenarios and current context, with particular reference to the case of the European Union
3. Monetary policy: transmission channels, the role of the Central Banks, the debate on the Euro and the future
4. International relations and systems
5. Tax policies: redistribution and correction of market failures
6. Protectionism and trade agreements
7. The limits of economic policy
8. Growth policies: objectives, models, channels and public intervention
9. Regional policies with particular reference to the case of the European Union
10. Employment policies: the labor market, unemployment, objectives and policies in the current context

“Politica economica. Teoria e pratica”, di Agnes Benassy-Quere, Benoit Coeure, Pierre Jacquet e Jean Pisani-Ferry (Il Mulino 2014)

Main official statistical surveys: data production and interpretation. In particular: Consumer prices, Industrial production, Labour force, Household consumptions, Income and living conditions, Household Income and Wealth, National accounts. Main statistical indicators for economic phenomena: (simple and complex) index numbers, measures of concentration.
Calendar adjusted and seasonal adjusted time series. Chain-linked values. The use of moving averages to reconstruct the trend.
Introduction to econometrics. Single and multiple Linear Regression: ordinary least squares, goodness of fit, homoscedasticity and heteroscedasticity, nonlinear regression functions. An introduction to the use of R for statistical analysis.

Class notes. Press releases (Istat - Banca d'Italia).
Stock J.H. and Watson M.W., Introduction to Econometrics, Update, Global edition, 3rd Edition, 2014, Pearson.

Birth of Marginalism: Jevons and Menger: utility as the foundation of the value of goods; Walras: the system of general economic equilibrium; difficulties connected with the treatment of capital.
Alfred Marshall: specific aspects of Marshall's value theory; claim to continuity with Ricardo's theory.
Spreading marginalism and alternative lines of thought (mention). Development of the marginalist approach between the end of the 19th century and the first part of the 20th century. Two fundamental break points of the prevalence of marginalism: Keynes and Sraffa.
Walras' social-political conceptions: distributive equity and social justice; Walras' criticism of Marx's value theory.
Ricardo's 'macroeconomics': level of social product and Say's law; quantitative theory of money; public debt and taxation.

1. Appunti sulla teoria della distribuzione e del valore negli economisti classici (limited to chaps. 2-6, pp. 7-62), available at the copyshop "Copyando", via Osiense 457/d, Roma;
2. R. Ciccone, Materiale didattico per il corso di Storia del Pensiero Economico, available at the copyshop "Copyando", via Ostiense 457/d, Roma.

1. Social surplus, value and distribution in the classical approach: Quesnay, Smith, Ricardo, Marx.

2. Political economy after Ricardo: the "Ricardian socialists", the critics of Ricardo, Ricardo's disciples; John Stuart Mill.

Appunti sulla teoria della distribuzione e del valore negli economisti classici (only chapters 2-6, pp. 7-62), available at the copy shop "Copyando", via Osiense 457/d, Roma;

Materiale didattico per il corso di Storia del Pensiero Economico a cura del prof. R. Ciccone, available at the copy shop "Copyando", via Osiense 457/d, Roma.

MODULE 2:
IV. THE DETERMINATION OF OUTPUT IN THE TWO THEORETICAL APPROACHES
V. KEYNES’S GENERAL THEORY.
VI. THE NEOCLASSICAL SYNTHESIS AND THE IMPAIRMENT OF THE KEYNESIAN REVOLUTION

All didactic material will be either given or indicated to students at the beginning of the course. Students may contact professors at any point of the course

INTRODUCTION
1. Theories of value and distribution: the different theoretical approaches. The connections with the theory of production. Outlines of the surplus approach

I. THE MARGINALIST THEORY: DETERMINATION
OF VALUE IN PURE EXCHANGE EQUILIBRIUM

2. Marginal utility. Individual equilibrium.
3. Individual supply and demand curves (independent and non-independent goods).
4. Collective supply and demand curves. General equilibrium (graphic study): existence; stability; uniqueness/multiplicity.
5. Equations of general equilibrium (2 goods, m individuals; specialization and general case). Walras' law.
6. Possible 'exceptions': superabundance and free goods (or non-existence of equilibrium?); increasing demand curve and instability.

II. THE MARGINALIST THEORY: VALUE AND DISTRIBUTION
IN THE CASE OF PRODUCTION WITHOUT CAPITAL
7. Marginal utility and supply curves of the factors. Indirect substitutability and factor demand curves.
8. Income distribution and price of commodities (supply curves for commodities). Equations of general equilibrium in the case of production with fixed coefficients. Walras' law.
9. The problem of the existence of equilibrium under the hypothesis of fixed coefficients. The hypothesis of variable coefficients: marginal productivity.
10. The problem of product exhaustion.
11. The marginalist theory and the notion of substitutability (plausibility of the notion and its role within the theory). The simultaneous determination of prices and quantities.

III. THE MARGINALIST THEORY: VALUE AND DISTRIBUTION
IN THE CASE OF PRODUCTION WITH CAPITAL

12. Production with capital: the problem of the variability of coefficients; the condition of uniformity of the profit rate.
13. The treatment of capital as a complex of quantities and the absence of a uniform profit rate.
14. The treatment of capital as a single quantity: capital as a sum of value. Problems on the supply side. Problems on the demand side.

Lezioni sulla teoria neoclassica (handouts)

Structure of the computer. Hardware and Software. General diagram of a data processing system. Type of computers. The use of the computer memories. The processor. The multiprocessor architectures. Input / Output: Ports for input / output of the computer. The units of input. The units of output. Operating systems. Characteristics of the operating systems. The multitasking operating systems. The Windows operating system. The graphical interface. Computer networks. The communication between computers. Protocols and interfaces. The local networks. The transmission media. The types of network. The wide area networks. Internetwork. Internet. The services of the Internet.
Spreadsheet, Word processing and presentation tools.

ECDL Syllabus 5.0 - La guida McGraw- Hill alla Patente Europea del Computer

Logica proposizionale ed insiemistica: Proposizioni, operazioni con le proposizioni, insiemi, operazioni con gli insiemi ed applicazioni.
Insiemi numerici: Numeri interi, relativi, razionali, reali; insiemi numerici limitati; intervalli, intorni, punti di accumulazione in R.
Sommatoria e produttoria Somme particolari e proprietà.
Cenni alle successioni e serie numeriche
Funzioni reali di variabile reale: Funzioni iniettive, suriettive, pari e dispari, funzioni elementari, funzioni composte, funzioni invertibili, grafici deducibili da quelli noti; limiti, teoremi di unicità del limite, teoremi della permanenza del segno, teorema del confronto; continuità, Teorema degli zeri, teorema di Weierstrass e di Darboux; infinitesimi, infiniti, ordine, teoremi di cancellazione.
Calcolo differenziale: Rapporto incrementale, derivata, teorema su derivabilità e continuità, regole di derivazione, derivazione funzioni composte e funzioni inverse, differenziale, derivate di ordine superiore, approssimazione con polinomi di Taylor e di Mc Laurin.
Studio di funzioni: Massimi e minimi relativi, teorema di Fermat, teorema di Rolle, teorema di Lagrange e corollari, teorema di De L’Hospital, funzioni concave e convesse.
Calcolo integrale: Funzioni primitive e integrale indefinito, integrazione per parti e per sostituzione, integrale definito: proprietà, teorema della media, teorema di Torricelli Barrow e corollario.
Algebra lineare: Vettori, spazi vettoriali, vettori linearmente dipendenti e non, basi, matrici, operazioni con le matrici, determinante, rango, matrice inversa, sistemi di equazioni lineari, teorema di Cramer e di Rouchè-Capelli, sistemi parametrici.

teaching material on the teacher's website

Nozioni preliminari.
Applicazioni. Applicazioni iniettive e suriettive. Corrispondenza biunivoca. Applicazione inversa.
Numeri e insiemi numerici. Numeri naturali. Numeri interi o relativi. Numeri razionali. √2∈Q (c.d.). Numeri reali e rappresentazione sulla retta. Insiemi limitati e non limitati. Estremo superiore ed inferiore di insiemi di numeri razionali e reali.
Intervalli e intorni. Punti di accumulazione, interni, isolati e di frontiera. Insiemi aperti e insiemi chiusi.
Definizione di sommatoria. Proprietà. Somme particolari. Somma dei primi n naturali. Progressioni aritmetiche e geometriche e somma dei loro primi n termini. Produttoria: definizione; fattoriale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale.
Funzioni reali di variabile reale, generalità. Il piano cartesiano e il grafico di una funzione. Funzioni iniettive e suriettive e grafico. Funzioni pari e dispari. Crescenza e decrescenza e funzioni monotone in un intervallo. Concavità e convessità in un intervallo. Funzioni limitate. Funzione composta. Funzione inversa, monotonia e invertibilità, grafico della funzione inversa.
Funzioni elementari (tranne le funzioni goniometriche). Funzioni a più leggi. Operazioni sui grafici, trasformazioni di funzioni note. Ricerca del dominio di una funzione.
Successioni.
Definizione di successione. Limite di una successione. Successioni convergenti e divergenti. Successioni monotòne e teorema di regolarità (c.d.). Verifiche e calcolo di limiti di successioni
Limiti, continuità, infinitesimi e infiniti.
Definizione di limite al finito e all’infinito. Convergenza e divergenza. Limite destro e limite sinistro. Asintoti verticali, orizzontali e obliqui. Teorema di unicità del limite (c.d.). Teorema di permanenza del segno in forma diretta (c.d.) e inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema del confronto (dim. fac.). Verifiche di limiti. Operazioni con i limiti. Forme indeterminate. Limiti notevoli.
Infinitesimi e infiniti: definizioni e operazioni. Confronto fra infinitesimi e fra infiniti. Ordine di infinitesimo ed infinito. Teorema di cancellazione per infinitesimi (c.d.) e per infiniti (dim. fac.).
Definizione di continuità in un punto. Continuità in un intervallo. Limiti e continuità. Teoremi sulle funzioni continue: operazioni razionali sulle funzioni continue (c.d.); continuità della funzione composta (c.d.). Classificazione dei punti di discontinuità. Continuità dell'inversa. Massimi e minimi di una funzione. Teorema degli zeri (c.d.). Teorema di Weierstrass (senza dim.). Teorema di Darboux (dim. fac.).
Calcolo differenziale.
Rapporto incrementale. Derivata di una funzione in un punto e in un intervallo. Significato geometrico. Derivabilità implica continuità (c.d.). Punti di non derivabilità. Funzione derivata e derivate di ordine successivo. Derivate delle funzioni elementari (c.d.). Algebra delle derivate (c.d.). Regole di derivazione. Derivata di funzioni composte (c.d.). Derivata della funzione inversa (dim. fac.). Teorema di De L'Hôpital (c.d.) e applicazione al calcolo di limite.
Differenziale. Approssimazione locale del primo ordine. Teorema del resto del primo ordine (dim. fac.). Polinomio di Taylor e di Mc Laurin. Approssimazioni di ordine superiore. Teorema di Taylor (dim. fac.).
Massimi e minimi locali. Punti stazionari. Teorema di Fermat (c.d.). Teorema di Rolle (dim. fac.). Teorema di Lagrange (c.d.). Corollari al teorema di Lagrange (dim. fac.). Individuazione dei massimi e dei minimi relativi. Relazioni tra la monotonia e la derivata.
Concavità e convessità globale e in un punto, definizioni. Relazione fra la derivata seconda e la concavità (c.d.). Punti di flesso. Condizioni sufficienti del second’ordine per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi (dim. fac.). Condizioni sufficienti di ordine n per l’esistenza di massimi e minimi relativi o flessi (dim. fac.).
Studio di funzione.
Calcolo integrale.
Funzioni primitive. Integrale indefinito. Prima proprietà delle primitive. Seconda proprietà delle primitive (c.d.). Proprietà dell'integrale indefinito. Integrali indefiniti immediati e loro deduzione a partire dalle regole di derivazione. Integrazione per parti. Integrazione per sostituzione.
Integrale definito (somme integrali, funzioni integrabili secondo Riemann). Proprietà dell'integrale definito. Funzione integrale. Teorema della media integrale (dim. fac.). Teorema di Torricelli-Barrow o teorema fondamentale del calcolo integrale (c.d.). Corollario al teorema di Torricelli-Barrow (dim. fac.). Integrazione definita. Integrali impropri (cenni e definizioni).
Algebra lineare.
Vettori e spazi vettoriali. Rappresentazione geometrica dei vettori. Prodotto di un vettore per uno scalare. Somma di vettori. Combinazione lineare di vettori (CL). Vettori linearmente dipendenti (LD) e indipendenti (LI). LD implica CL (c.d.). Matrici. Operazioni con le matrici. Prodotto righe per colonne. Matrici particolari. Matrice trasposta. Determinante di una matrice di ordine n. Proprietà del determinante. Matrice inversa: teorema di unicità della matrice inversa (c.d.); CNS per l’invertibilità (c.d.). Caratteristica o rango di una matrice. Rango e dipendenza lineare.
Sistemi di equazioni lineari. Teorema di Cramer (senza dim.). Teorema di Rouché-Capelli (senza dim.). Sistemi omogenei. Sistemi parametrici.

Appunti scaricabili online dalla pagina web del corso.
Alberto Bersani, Francesco Manzini, Loretta Mastroeni. Esercizi di Matematica Generale: Per i corsi del nuovo ordinamento delle Facoltà di Economia. Società Editrice Esculapio, 2009.

1. National accounting system: basic defintions and identities. Main macroeconomic indicators
2. Keynes’s theory: aggregate demand and equilibrium output
3. Keynes’s theory: money and interest
4. The IS-LM model
5. The AS-AD model
6. Inflation and unemployment
7. Macroeconomics of the European Union
8. Money: creation an control

Compulsory material:
1) Textbook: Rudiger Dornbusch, Stanley Fischer, Richard Startz, Giuseppe Canullo, Paolo Pettenati, Macroeconomia, 11a ed (2016), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 9788838615290 (check the detailed programme for precise indications)
2) Additional teaching material (lecture notes, etc, available on the website)

1. National accounts
2. The neoclassical model
3. Aggregate demand and income multipliers
4. Money and interest
5. The IS-LM model
6. The AD-AS model
7. The Phillips curve
8. The new-Keynesian models

- R. Dornbusch, S. Fischer, R. Startz, G. Canullo, P. Pettenati, Macroeconomia, McGraw Hill, Milano, 2014
- J.R. Hicks, “Il processo produttivo, il lavoro e il capitale”, in M. Pivetti (a cura di), Letture di Economia Politica, LED, Milano
- O. Castellino, Introduzione alla contabilità nazionale, Giappichelli editore, Torino, 1991

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2009

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2012 (pp. 75-123; pp. 137-215; pp. 220-243; pp. 244-253; pp. 255-279; pp. 292-299; pp. 304-309; pp. 321-335; pp. 364-377; pp. 399-470)

For business administration and accounting exercises: Paoloni M. (a cura di), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018


Alternatively:

David Boddy, Management: an Introduction, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2011
Leslie K. Breitner and Robert N. Anthony, Essentials of Accounting, Pearson, 2013

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

The program includes:
Introduction to law
Forms of State and forms of Government
Beyond the State: the EU
The sources of law
Parliament and its functions
Institutes of direct democracy
The abrogative referendum.
The Government and its functions
The President of the Republic and his attributions
Principles on the subject of Administration
The other organs
Local ordering
Rights and freedom
The economic Constitution
Judicial power
Constitutional Justice

It is recommended the study of one of the following books:
R. BIN – G. PITRUZZELLA, Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
P. CARETTI – U. DE SIERVO, Istituzioni di Diritto pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto Pubblico, Torino, Giappichelli, latest edition
C. ROSSANO, Manuale di Diritto pubblico, Napoli, Jovene, latest edition

1. Production and prices: general elements
The production process. Production methods and their representation. The social production process. Economy of mere subsistence. Economy producung surplus. Basic and non-basic goods.

2. Fundamentals of the classical theory of distribution and relative prices
The real wage and other circumstances taken as given in the 'core' of the theory. The concept of social surplus. Profits and general profit rate. Distinction and relationship between "normal" and "market" prices. Price equations: simultaneous determination of profit rate and relative prices. Importance and limits of the solutions to the problem attempted by Ricardo and Marx. The inverse wage-profit relationship. The theory of rent.

3. Fundamentals of the marginalist theory of distribution and relative prices
The data of the theory. Consumer theory. Functions of consumption good demand. Production theory. Direct and indirect substitutability as analytical bases for factor demand functions. Determination of distribution and relative prices in terms of supply and demand equilibria. Comparison with the classical theory of distribution. Implications of general economic equilibrium: full employment of available resources; Pareto optimality; efficiency in exchange; efficiency in production; efficiency in the combination of outputs. The notion of capital as a single productive factor and the difficulties that derive from it (mention).

4. Analysis of the single industry and market forms
The analysis of "partial" equilibrium. Short and long term cost curves of the individual enterprise. Equilibrium of enterprise and industry under competitive conditions, in the short and long period. Quantity produced and price, in the short and long period, in monopoly and monopolistic competition. The oligopoly: Cournot model.

■ "Elementi di teoria della produzione", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.1
■ "La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.2
■ "La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi", Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n.3

With regard to the other text adopted, the chapters and paragraphs included in the programme are set out below, with reference to the latest edition (2017).

Robert H. Frank e Edward Cartwright, Microeconomia
Milano: McGraw-Hill, VII edizione, 2017
Capitoli e paragrafi in programma:

Capitolo 3, La scelta razionale del consumatore, p. 51
{paragrafi: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4; Appendice 3}

Capitolo 4, La domanda individuale e la domanda di mercato, p. 93
{paragrafi: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7}

Capitolo 5, Le applicazioni delle teorie della scelta razionale e della domanda, p. 137
{limitatamente a: paragrafo 5.7; Appendice 5}

Capitolo 9, La produzione, p. 267
{intero capitolo, inclusa Appendice 9}

Capitolo 10, I costi, p. 297
{intero capitolo, esclusa Appendice 10}

Capitolo 11, La concorrenza perfetta, p. 333
{paragrafi: 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.9, 11.12, 11.13}

Capitolo 12, Il monopolio, p. 377
{paragrafi: 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.8}

Capitolo 13, Concorrenza imperfetta: un approccio basato sulla teoria dei giochi, p. 427
{paragrafi: 13.1, 13.2, 13.4 limitatamente al sotto-paragrafo 13.4.1}

Capitolo 15, L'equilibrio generale e l'efficienza dei mercati, p. 523
{paragrafi: 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4, 15.6,15.7

Elements of the theory of production
- inputs, outputs and production methods
- the subsistence economy
- the economy with a surplus
The surplus approach to commodity value and income distribution
- the relevance of social and institutional elements to income distribution
- the explanation of the real wage rate
- the "core" of the classical approach
- the link between profit rate and relative prices
- the price equations
- the classical theory of rent
The theory of consumer choice
- budget set and budget constraint
- preferences
- consumer choice
- consumer-good demand curves
The theory of firm choice
- the function of production
- profit maximisation
- isoquants and isocosts
- the output expansion path and long-term cost curves
Production factors and the marginalist explanation of income distribution
- marginal and average productivity of factors
- the demand curves of factors of production
- equilibrium between supply and demand for factors of production
Market forms
- perfect competition
- monopoly
- Cournot oligopoly
- Stackelberg oligopoly
Introduction to the welfare economics
- allocations and Edgeworth box
- Pareto improvements and Pareto optima
- first theorem of welfare economics

i) “Elementi di teoria della produzione”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 1 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
ii) “La teoria classica della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 2 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iii) “La teoria marginalista della distribuzione e dei prezzi relativi”, Appunti per il corso di Microeconomia - Dispensa n. 3 (teaching material by R. Ciccone, S.M. Fratini e A. Trezzini).
iv) R.H. Frank, Microeconomia. McGraw-Hill Libri Italia, Milano. 2017.
v) “Glossario ed Esercizi Svolti di Microeconomia” (teaching material by S.M. Fratini e D. Pignalosa).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

An introduction to the fundamental ideas of statistics. Topics include descriptive statistics, probability, confidence intervals, and testing hypotheses, as well as the basics of Chi-square tests, regression and correlation.

G.Cicchitelli, P.D'Urso, M.Minozzo. Statistica: principi e metodi. Pearson, terza edizione (2017).

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

Descriptive Statistics: Getting started: Individuals and Variables. Univariate distributions. Picturing Distributions with Graphs. Measuring center: mode, median, quantiles, average. Measuring variability: standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation. The shape of a distribution: symmetry and asymmetry. Two-way tables, marginal distributions conditional distributions. Independence. Association and correlation.
Introduction to probability: Definitions of probability. Conditional probability and independence. Bayes’ rule. Random variables: probability density functions, cumulative density functions. Main discrete and continuous probability distributions. The law of large numbers. Central limit theorem.
Statistical Inference: Simple random samples. Parameters and statistics. Point estimation. Confidence intervals. Test of hypothesis: type I and II error, power of a test, p-value. Inference for the mean and for proportions. Comapring two means and two proportions. Inference for two-way tables: the chi-square test.
Simple linear regression: Estimating the regression parameters, confidence intervals and significance tests. Prediction.

D.S. Moore, "The basic practice of statistics'' (III ed.), Freeman and co., 2004.

- Public Budget Revenues: taxes, contributions, and other charges
- The economic effects of Taxes both in closed and in open economies
- A Brief History of Western Public Finances as well as changing methodologies in the analysis of public economic decisions
- Social goods
- Tax design and Tax Incidence
- The Italian Tax System

1) Di Majo A., Introduzione alla Scienza delle Finanze, 2018, Edizioni Pigreco, Roma, capitoli 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 fino al par. 7.4 incluso;
2) Bosi P., Guerra M.C., I tributi nell'economia italiana, 2018, il Mulino, Bologna, capitoli II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII.

• The evolution of the analysis of Public Finance
• Public goods
• Taxes: characteristics and classification
• The economic effects of taxes
• The economic analysis of taxes and the theory of incidence
• The main taxes in the Italian tax system

1) Di Majo A. (2018), Introduzione alla Scienza delle Finanze, Edizioni Pigreco, Roma, capitoli 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 fino a pag. 325.

2) Bosi P., Guerra M.C. (2018), I tributi nell'economia italiana, Il Mulino, Bologna, capitoli II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII.

The course aims, first of all, to provide an overview of the role and the main functions of the financial system. The central part of the course is dedicated to an analysis of the technical characteristics and of the economic and management profiles of financial instruments and markets. Finally, the course presents the objectives as well as the organization and the behavioral models of financial intermediaries, also considering the role of regulation and supervision.
1. Real economy, financial system and financial intermediation
2. Theory of financial intermediation
3. Financial instruments
4. Financial markets
5. Banking
6. Investment services and asset management
7. Insurance
8. Payment systems
9. Risks in financial intermediation
10. Regulation and supervision
11. Monetary policy

Mishkin F.S., Eakins S.G. (2014), Financial Markets and Institutions, eighth edition, Pearson.

1. Financial system and financial intermediation
2. Theory of financial intermediation
3. Risks in financial intermediation
4. Financial instruments
5. Financial markets
6. Banking
7. Investment services and asset management
8. Insurance
9. Regulation
10. Re-regulation and supervision
11. Monetary policy
12. Payment systems

Nadotti, Porzio, Previati. Economia degli intermediari finanziari. McGraw-Hill, ultima edizione

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018

FIRST PART: The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting

SECOND PART: Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.


THIRD PART:Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting

A. Melville, International Financial Reporting, Pearson, 2019. (all)

SECOND PART
The standard for recognition of assets and liabilities
The Annual report form: Balance sheet, Income statement, Cash Flow statement and Disclosures
The main measurement criteria
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the non current assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the intangible assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the financial assets
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the inventories
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the receivables and derivatives instruments
The main measurement criteria (cont’d): the currency assets and liabilities and work in progress account
Crimes in annual statutory report: an introduction
The International Financial Reporting Standards
The content of annual report: the meaning of EBIT, EBITDA and net return

G. Zanda, Il bilancio delle società. Lineamenti teorici e modelli di redazione, Giappichelli, 2007
A. Quagli, Bilancio di esercizio e principi contabili, Giappichelli, 2018