1) The Economic Institute - general characteristics: the corporate objects. “Legal entity” and “Economic entity”. Types of entities.
2) The company - the individual initiative in business: private and public companies. The purpose of the company. Evolution of the studies on firm behaviour. The decision-making structure and power control in the enterprise. The economy of corporate. Efficiency and production costs. The internal accountability.
3) The fund raising in companies - financial need and determination. The cover of needs: sources. The choice of different forms of financing. The dynamic relationship between “equity” and “loan capital” in financial structure. Funding sources in light of company law reform (D.Lgs. 6/2003).
4) The determinations and quantitative surveys as a tool of company information - Moments logical. The nature of income and capital. Theory and method of double entry. The method of double entry in manufacturing companies. The accounting records of operations of establishment, acquisition, sale, compensation of employees, collection and payment, loans. The formation of the budget and the determination of income. Scriptures of settlement, closing and reopening accounts. Destination of operating income. Nominal capital and reserve holdings of industry companies.
5) Overview of the financial statements of banking and insurance institutions

G. ZANDA, Fondamenti di Economia Aziendale, Giappichelli, Torino, 2015.
S. ARDUINI, Appunti di Ragioneria Generale, Cedam, Padova, 2022.
M. PAOLONI, P. PAOLONI (a cura di), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, seconda edizione, Giappichelli, 2021.
M. PAOLONI, M. CELLI (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità generale (2^edizione), CEDAM, 2020.

Propositions. Logical operations with propositions. Logical implication. Sets. Operations with sets. Cartesian product. Applications. Injective and surjective applications. One-to-one correspondence. Inverse application.

Numeric numbers and sets: Natural numbers. Integer or relative numbers. Rational numbers. Real numbers and representation on the line. Bounded sets. Upper and lower extreme of sets of rational and real numbers. Intervals and neighborhoods. Accumulation, internal, isolated points. Open sets and closed sets.

Summations and products: Definition of summation. Properties. Special sums. Sum of the first n natural numbers. Arithmetic and geometric progressions and sum of their first n terms. Factorial.

Real functions of a real variable:

Definition of a real function of a real variable. The Euclidean plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions and graph. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Concave and convex functions. Bounded functions. Composition function. Inverse function, monotonicity and invertibility, inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Functions with two laws. Transforming graphs. Domain of a function. Definition of a sequence.

Limits: Definition of limit. Convergence and divergence. Right limit and left limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptotes. Limit uniqueness theorem (w.p.). Sign permanence theorem in direct and inverse form (w.p.). Comparison theorem. Limit checks. Operations with limits. Indeterminate forms.

Infinitesimals and infinities: Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparing infinitesimals and infinities. Order of infinitesimals and infinities. Propagation of the order. Computing limits with infinitesimals and infinities (w.p.).

Continuity and discontinuity: Definition of continuity. Limits and continuity. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of rational functions. Continuity of the inverse. Continuity of composition functions. Theorem of zeros (w.p.). Weierstrass theorem. Darboux's theorem (w.p.).

Differential calculus: Derivative of a function. Geometric interpretation. Derivability and continuity (w.p.) Points of non-derivability. Higher order derivatives. Derivatives of elementary functions. Rules of derivation. Chain rule. Derivative of the inverse function. Differential. First order approximation (w.p.). Taylor and McLaurin polynomial. Approximations of higher order. Stationary points. Local maxima and minima. First order necessary conditions for the existence of local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (w.p.). Rolle's theorem (w.p.). Lagrange theorem (w.p.). Lagrange theorem’s corollaries: zero-derivative functions (w.p.). Relations between monotonicity and derivative sign (w.p.). Local concave and convex functions. Relationship between the second order derivative and the concavity (w.p.). Points of inflection. Sufficient second order conditions for the existence of relative maxima and minima (w.p.). Sufficient conditions of order n for the existence of relative maxima and minima or inflections points (w.p.). De L'Hôpital theorem and application to limit calculus.

Graph of a function: Representation of the graph of a function on the Euclidean plane. Oblique asymptotes.

Linear algebra:

Vectors and vector spaces. Geometric representation of vectors. Linear combination of vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Rank of a set of vectors. Matrices. Operations with matrices. Product rows by columns. Particular matrices. Transposed matrix. Determinant of a matrix of order n. Properties of the determinant. Rank of a matrix. Rank and linear independence of vectors. Systems of linear equations. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Integral calculus:

Primitive functions. Indefinite integral. Characterization of the set of primitives (w.p.). Properties of the indefinite integral. Integral of elementary functions. Integration by parts (w.p.). Integration by substitution (w.p.). Definite integral. Properties of the definite integral. Integral function. Integral mean theorem(w.p.). Fundamental theorem of integral calculus (w.p.). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem: relationship between the definite integral and the indefinite integral (w.p.). Applications.

(w.p.) = “with proof”

1) all the material will be uploaded on Moodle
2)Mastroeni-Mazzoccoli-Vellucci
Esercizi di Matematica Generale
Esculapio Editore

A) General part: the elements of Private Law.

1) Private Law and Public Law
2) The sources of Private Law
3) Facts, acts and legal effects
4) The subjects
5) Acts: the contract and its essential discipline. Outline of the concept of obligation.
6) Liability
7) Legal assets and property


B) Special part: Private Law in the digital era.

1) The digital era. Informatics and law
2) Hardware, software and algorithms
3) Networks and Internet
4) From the right to privacy to the right to the protection of personal data
5) The evolution of the concepts of "document" and "subscription"
6) Electronic payments and digital currency
7) E-commerce
8) "Internet of Thing"
9) "Cloud computing" and "edge computing"
10) "Big Data"
11) "Blockchain" and "Smart Contract"
12) Artificial intelligence and robotics
13) "Internet Service Provider"
14) Deterritorialization
15) Destatualization
16) Dematerialization
17) Contract and technique

C) Thematic deepening: The "smart contract" between legal system and computer code.

Ask the Professor for English lectures.

The technological factor and its impact on fundamental freedoms; Sovereignty and power in the digital age; the right of access to the internet and new rights; net neutrality between fundamental rights; electronic communications and disciplines envisaged; freedom and secrecy of communications in the time of the web; freedom of movement in the internet age; freedom of association in the internet; freedom of expression and information on the internet; competition and pluralism; audiovisual content and freedom of expression of thought on the internet; internet and the constitutional re-educational function of punishment; knowledge and education on the Net; right to health and e-health; protection of personal data and employer control; protection of copyright and right to information on the Net; economic freedoms and internet; electronic voting within the framework of digital democracy;

Lecture notes
Rights and freedoms on the internet
Curated by Tommaso Edoardo Frosini, Oreste Pollicino, Ernesto Apa, Marco Bassini
Le Monnier publisher
Last edition

Part 1: Microeconomics (E. Saltari, G. Di Bartolomeo, R. Tilli "Principi di Economia Politica"):
• Introduction and Basic Concepts (introduction)
• Fundamental Elements of Demand and Supply (chapter 1)
• Consumer Theory and the Demand Curve (chapter 2)
• Labor Supply and Savings (chapter 3)
• Firm Theory and the Supply Curve (chapter 4)
• Technology and Production Costs (chapter 5)
• Theory of Competitive Markets: Products (chapter 6)
• Theory of Competitive Markets: Factors (chapter 7)
• General Economic Equilibrium and Pareto Optimality (chapter 8)
• Incomplete Markets (chapter 9)
• Monopoly (chapter 10)

Part 2: Macroeconomics (O. Blanchard, A. Amighini, F. Giavazzi "Macroeconomia. Una prospettiva Europea" )
• Introduction (chapters 1, 2 + slides)
• What is Macroeconomics
• Aggregates and Relationships in National Accounts
The Short Run (chapters 3, 4, 5, 6)
• Goods Market
• Financial Markets
• IS-LM Model
The Medium Run (chapters 7, 8, 9)
• Labor Market
• Phillips Curve, Natural Rate of Unemployment, and Inflation
• IS-LM-PC Model

- E. Saltari, G. Di Bartolomeo, R. Tilli "Principi di Economia Politica". Carocci Editore, quinta ristampa
- O. Blanchard, A. Amighini, F. Giavazzi "Macroeconomia. Una prospettiva Europea" Il Mulino, 2020

This graduate level course covers the following topics:
An overview of statistics
Data description: scales of measurement, how to describe data graphically for categorical data (pie chart, bar chart) and graphs for quantitative variables (histogram, pie chart)
How to describe data by summary statistics: measures of central tendency, variability and skewness.
How to create a box plot
How probability and probability distributions are involved in statistics
How binomial distributions are involved in statistics
The role that normal distributions play in statistics
Simple random sampling and sampling distribution of sample mean, central limit theorem, normal approximation to the binomial
Differentiation between a population and a sample, how to use a statistic to estimate a population parameter, confidence interval and its interpretation, inferences of population mean and proportion
Confidence interval for population mean, Sample size needed for estimating the population mean with a specified confidence level and specified width of the interval
Hypothesis testing: in terms of how to set up Null and Alternative hypotheses, understanding Type I and Type II errors, performing a statistical test for the population mean
p-value, how to compute it and how to use it
Inferences about μ with σ unknown: the t-distribution and the assumptions required to check in order to use it
How to compare the mean of two populations for independent samples: using pooled variances t-test versus separate variances t-test
How to compare the mean of two populations for paired data
How to compare two population proportions
Using contingency table and the Chi-square test of independence
Understanding concepts related to linear regression models including, least squares method, correlation, inferences about the parameters in the linear regression model

The course the course is taught in Italian so textbooks are in Italian:
- P. Newbold, W. Carlson, B. Thorne, Statistica, Pearson Education, 9° edizione
- Sebastiani M. R. (2015) “Esercitazioni di statistica”. Esculapio Editore, 3° edizione.
For English speaking students a textbook is:
Introductory Statistics for Business and Economics by Thomas H. Wonnacott and Ronald J. Wonnacott
John Wiley & Sons Inc; International 2 Revised ed

Linear algebra.
Eigenvalues, eigenvectors, eigenspace, diagonalization of matrices, eigenvalues of symmetric matrices, properties of eigenvalues.

Sets in R*2 and in R*n.
Metric spaces, normed spaces. Topology in R*n.

Real functions of several real variables.
Functions defined between Euclidean spaces, graphs, contour lines, continuous functions, concave functions and convex functions.

Differential calculus in several variables.
Partial derivatives, gradient, higher order derivatives, Hessian matrix, Schwartz theorem, Taylor polynomial.

Bilinear and quadratic forms.
Definitions, sign of quadratic forms, minor principal of a matrix, sign of a matrix.

Free optimization.
Definitions, first-order conditions, second-order conditions; optimization for convex functions.


Graphs.
Oriented graph, vertices and arcs, successor function, undirected graph, vertices and incident arcs, outgoing and incoming arcs, empty graph, order and size of a graph, adjacent vertices, neighborhood, multi-graph, loop, simple graph, degree of a vertex, isolated vertex.
Lemma of handshakes and its corollary. Incoming degree and outgoing degree, graphs with maximum dimension, complete graphs, weighted graph, weighted incoming degree and weighted outgoing degree.
Mathematical representation of an unweighted graph (oriented and unoriented). Adjacency matrix of an undirected graph, sum over rows and columns, degree vector; adjacency matrix of an oriented graph, sum over rows and columns; adjacency matrix of a multigraph. Mathematical representation of a weighted graph: adjacency matrix. Cucker-Smale model.
Adjacency lists, isomorphism between graphs, permutation matrices, Theorem on isomorphic graphs and permutation matrices, eigenvalues of adjacency matrices, Theorem on isomorphic graphs and eigenvalues. Isomorphism between graphs and degree distribution of vertices. Walks on undirected graphs: walk, length of a walk, simple walk, closed walk (cycle), simple cycle, acyclic graph. Walks on oriented graphs. Power k-th of adjacency matrix.
Power k-th theorem of adjacency matrix, subgraph, connected vertices, connected graph, components, maximal connected subgraph, bridge, minimal path, distance between vertices, distance matrix.
Subjacent graph, weakly connected graph, strongly connected graph, weight of a path, minimum path for weighted graphs.
Minimum weight path: properties of subpaths of a minimum path. Dijkstra algorithm for oriented and nonoriented graphs. Definition of centrality, degree centrality, betweenness and closeness.

Mastroeni - Mazzoccoli. Matematica per le applicazioni economiche PEARSON

Linear algebra.
Eigenvalues, eigenvectors, eigenspace, diagonalization of matrices, eigenvalues of symmetric matrices, properties of eigenvalues. Permutation matrices.

Sets in R*2 and in R*n.
Metric spaces, regulated spaces. Topology in R*n.

Real functions of several real variables.
Functions defined between Euclidean spaces, graphs, contour lines, continuous functions, concave functions and convex functions.

Differential calculus in several variables.
Partial derivatives, gradient, higher order derivatives, Hessian matrix, Schwartz theorem, Taylor polynomial.

Bilinear and quadratic forms.
Definitions, sign of quadratic forms, principal minors of a matrix, sign of a matrix.

Optimization.
Definitions, first order conditions, second order conditions; optimization for convex functions. Least squares method, regression line.

Implicit functions.
Dini's theorem, geometric interpretation of the theorem, regular points, gradient theorem.

Graphs.
Recalls of combinatorial calculus. Directed graph, vertices and edges, successor function, undirected graph, incident vertices and edges, outgoing and incoming edges, empty graph, order and dimension of a graph, adjacent vertices, neighborhood, multi-graph, loop, simple graph, degree of a vertex, isolated vertex.
Lemma of handshakes and its corollary. Incoming degree and outgoing degree, graphs with maximum size, complete graphs, weighted graph, weighted incoming degree and weighted outgoing degree.
Mathematical representation of an unweighted graph (directed and not). Adjacency matrix of an undirected graph, sum by rows and by columns, degree vector; adjacency matrix of a directed graph, sum by rows and by columns; adjacency matrix of a multigraph. Mathematical representation of a weighted graph: adjacency matrix. Cucker-Smale model. Galam's model.
Adjacency lists, isomorphism between graphs, permutation matrices, Theorem on isomorphic graphs and permutation matrices, eigenvalues of adjacency matrices, Theorem on isomorphic graphs and eigenvalues. Isomorphism between graphs and vertex degree distribution. Paths on undirected graphs: path, length of a path, simple path, closed path (cycle), simple cycle, acyclic graph. Walks on directed graphs. kth power of the adjacency matrix.
Theorem of the k-th power of the adjacency matrix, subgraph, connected vertices, connected graph, components, maximal connected subgraph, bridge, shortest path, distance between vertices, distance matrix.
Underlying graph, weakly connected graph, strongly connected graph, weight of a path, shortest path for weighted graphs.
Shortest weight path: properties of subpaths of a shortest path. Dijkstra's algorithm for directed and undirected graphs. Definition of centrality, degree centrality, betweenness and closeness.

Recommended:
 Mastroeni - Mazzoccoli. Mathematics for economic applications PEARSON
 Notes and other material downloadable online from the course on the Moodle platform at: https://economia.el.uniroma3.it/

Topics:
What is Economic policy? Microeconomic and macroeconomic market failures. The normative theory of economic policy. Microeconomic policy tools. The anti-monopoly policies. Policies with externalities and public goods. Redistributive policies. Macroeconomic objectives and tools in an open economy. Monetary policy. Fiscal policy. Policies for the balance of payments. Trade policies.
Insights:
Economic policy in the digital age.
Analysis of the economic reports of national and international institutions.

Textbook:
Acocella N. Politica economica e strategie aziendali, VII edition, Carocci, 2020.
Other material:
Slides of the lessons, articles, reports and other material will be available on the course's web page.

• The evolution of the analysis of Public Finance
• Public goods
• Taxes: characteristics and classification
• The economic effects of taxes
• The economic analysis of taxes and the theory of incidence
• The main taxes in the Italian tax system

1) Di Majo A., Introduzione alla Scienza delle Finanze, 2018, Edizioni Pigreco, Roma, capitoli 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 fino al par. 7.4 incluso;
2) Bosi P., Guerra M.C., I tributi nell'economia italiana il Mulino, Bologna, capitoli II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII.

Recalls on computational complexity
Insight into sorting algorithms
Binary search
Elementary data structures and operations
Advanced data structures and operations
Development of data structures and algorithms in the Python language
Examples of applications with algorithms and data structures in Python language

Kenneth A. Lambert. Programmazione in Python. Apogeo. 2° ed. 2018
(note: it is the same textbook as the first-year course "Fondamenti di Informatica e Programmazione")

Parte I – The textbook economy with "perfect competition": old concepts and new insights
1. Individual decisions Decisioni individuali
• Consumer theory (preferences, utility functions, balance constraint, demand curve, individual welfare).
• Producer theory (technology, cost function, profit maximization, supply function).
• “Big data” and individual decisions: learning about individual characteristics from their choices.
2. "Perfectly competitive" markets: equilibrium, efficiency, equity.
• Single market equilibrium
• General equilibrium, efficiency and equity.
• Information revealed by prices.
Parte II - Choices and transactions under imperfect information
1. Choice under uncertainty. Uncertainty and risk. Lotteries. Expected utility. Attitudes toward. Certainty equivalence and risk premia. Decisions under uncertainty and risk. The importance of risk diversification:
demand of financial assets and insurance. The value of information.
2. Choice under incomplete information: strategic interactions. Game theory. One-stage games. Nash equilibrium. Dynamic games. Backward induction and "sequentially rational" NE. Cooperation and mutual agreements.
3. Incomplete information and market power
• Benchmark Monopoly.
• Oligopoly. Models of price competition (Bertrand-Nash). Models of quantitative competition (Cournot-Nash). Collusion. Barriers to entry and monopolistic competition.
Parte III - Choices and "contracts" under information asymmetries.
1. Market power and price discrimination, two-part tarifs, bundling.
2. An introduction to adverse selection, moral hazard, and contracts.

B. Douglas Bernheim, Michael D. Whinston, Microeconomia, Mc Graw Hill, 2022.
Additional material will be distributed through the Moodle platform during classes.

PROGRAM

1. Innovation: stylized facts and key definitions
2. Innovation models, market structure and industrial dynamics
3. Innovation and economic growth
4. Innovative enterprise: knowledge, skills and organization
5. Technological regimes and sectoral innovation systems
6. The diffusion of innovation
7. Geography of innovation
8. Innovation systems
9. Globalization of innovation
10. The economics of knowledge
11. The economics of digital platforms

Essential:
[1] Malerba, F. (2000). Economia dell'innovazione. Carrocci.
[2] Malerba, F., Pianta, M., & Zanfei, A. (2007). Innovazione. Imprese, industrie, economie (pp. 1-305). Carocci.

Recommended for specific topics:
[3] Schilling, M. A., & Izzo, F. (2022). Gestione dell'innovazione. McGraw Hill.
[4] Weil, D. N., D'Amato, M., & Jappelli, T. (2005). Crescita economica: problemi, dati e metodi di analisi. Hoepli.

Additional readings will be suggested during the course on specific topics.

Introduction to databases
Data modeling overview
The relational model
The SQL language
Database management systems
Data warehouse
Introduction to data mining
Data mining problems
Big Data: characteristics, aspects and applications
Frameworks and technologies for Big Data

Title: Basi di dati
Edition: 6
Authors: Paolo Atzeni, Stefano Ceri, Piero Fraternali, Stefano Paraboschi, Riccardo Torlone
Publication date: February 1, 2023
Publisher: McGraw Hill

The ecoonomic policy cycle
Monitoring and data interoperability
Ex-ante ongoing and ex-post evaluation
Experimental and quasi-experimental designs
Empirical evidence and policy decisions

“Evidence-based Policy! Ovvero perché politiche pubbliche basate sull'evidenza empirica rendono migliore l'Italia”, 2021, a cura di G. De Blasio, A. Nicita e F. Pammolli, Il Mulino.
Martini A., Sisti M., 2009, “Valutare il successo delle politiche pubbliche”, collana
Economia e management, Il Mulino.
Delmastro, M. e Nicita, A. 2019, “Big data. Come stanno cambiando il nostro mondo”, Il Mulino.

• Tutte le slides delle lezioni saranno rese disponibili, insieme a tutti gli altri materiali rilevanti, esclusivamente sulla piattaforma moodle del corso.

• I paragrafi da studiare dei capitoli di riferimento riportati tra parentesi verranno meglio indicati durante le lezioni e coincideranno con le parti che verranno trattate in aula e nelle slides.
Parte I:
1. Introduzione e fondamenti di micro (capp.1 e 2 Pepall, L., Richards, D. J., Norman G. e Calzolari, G).
2. Discriminazioni di prezzo (capp. 5 e 6 Pepall, L., Richards, D. J., Norman G. e Calzolari, G).
3. Oligopolio statico (capp. 8 e 9 Pepall, L., Richards, D. J., Norman G. e Calzolari, G).
4. Collusione e giochi ripetuti (cap. 13 Pepall, L., Richards, D. J., Norman G. e Calzolari, G).
5. Fusioni (cap. 15 Pepall, L., Richards, D. J., Norman G. e Calzolari, G).


Parte II:
1. Introduzione alle reti e ai mercati digitali (cap. 19 Pepall, L., Richards, D. J., Norman G. e Calzolari, G).
2. Mercati a due o più versanti e piattaforme digitali (cap. 1 Belleflamme P. e Peitz).
3. Il ruolo dei Big data (cap. 2 Belleflamme P. e Peitz).
4. Strategie e politiche di prezzo delle piattaforme (capp. 4 e 5 Belleflamme P. e Peitz).
5. Governance e design delle piattaforme (cap. 6 Belleflamme P. e Peitz).

Libro di testo

Pepall, L., Richards, D. J., Norman G. e Calzolari, G., “Organizzazione Industriale” IV edizione, Mc Graw Hill Education.

Belleflamme P. e Peitz M. (2021), The Economics of Platform, Cambridge University Press. Liberamente scaricabile: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/economics-of-platforms/1465A930513786676D369128B0AF9D21

Pepall, L., Richards, D. J., Norman G. e Calzolari, G., “Organizzazione Industriale” IV edizione, Mc Graw Hill Education.

Belleflamme P. e Peitz M. (2021), The Economics of Platform, Cambridge University Press. Liberamente scaricabile: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/economics-of-platforms/1465A930513786676D369128B0AF9D21

The course is divided into two parts.
In the first part, the impact of digitalization on the employment relationship is explored. Particular attention is paid to the risks and opportunities related to the use of new technologies in human resource management from the stage of establishment of the employment relationship to the stage of management and termination of the relationship. European and national legislation on artificial intelligence, platform work and the labor law implications of using automated decision-making or monitoring systems will be examined.

The second part will be focused on the digitization of the labor market from the perspective of transitional labor markets and the interoperability of the databases of the different actors and institutions operating in the labor market, taking into account the current regulatory framework and the State-Region competencies. Particular attention is paid to the use of big data for the better functioning of the labor market, for the optimization of supply/demand matching, for the functioning of active labor policies and the alignment of skills offered and demanded. Special attention is paid to experiments in the use of blockchain in the social and labor spheres.

Training materials will be indicated by the Teacher on the website

The course in Business Economics and Management has the following learning objectives:
1) To read and interpret how businesses operate in today's world;
2) To know and discuss the basic processes of business management;
3) To know and apply the tools for analysing the evolution of the competitive environment in which businesses operate;
4) Know and apply the basic operational tools for taking managerial decisions;
5) To create the basis to be able to deepen, later in the courses of interest to the students, specific management processes.
6) To deepen, in the special part, the aspects of strategic planning and marketing.

To achieve these objectives, the course makes use of active and interactive teaching.

In particular, these are the topics of the course:
Enterprise and its economic and social role
Enterprise and the environmental context
The enterprise system and stakeholders
The strategic management of the enterprise
Competitive strategies
Development strategies
Enterprise organisation
Management planning
The management control system
The production process
Corporate finance management
Marketing management
The drafting of the marketing plan

S. Sciarelli, La Gestione dell'impresa, Wolters Kluver, XXII edizione, 2022
In particolare, CAPP. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15

A. Ferrandina, Il Piano Marketing, Dario Flaccovio Editore, 2023

Lecturer's slides