Changes in settlement and rural landscape in the Middle Ages are closely related with the ways and manners communities organize their presence in the environment. Long term landscape transformations shall be examined with a diachronic approach. Particular attention shall be given to the construction of the environment and of the habitat, which is still nowadays the base of settlement.

This course - destinated only to regularly participating students - will be organized during the first semester as a seminar.
Title: The Etruscan Dodekapolis - History, Topography, Monuments and Artistic Production in the main Etruscan centers.
Some excursions will be organized to a number of Etruscan cities.
The contributions of the students will be part of the preparation of a photographical and documentary exhibition on the Etruscan Dodekapolis at Villa Palagione near Volterra too.

Basic publications:
See under "Italiano" !

The organization and workings of Imperial Rome. The central administration and those of the Provinces. The army’s role.

The course is designed for students enrolled in Laurea Magistrale in Archeology science and methodology of historical and archaeological research (D.M. 270/2004), Laurea Magistrale in Religions Sciences (D.M. 270/2004), Laurea Magistrale in Philology, literature and history of Antiquity (D.M. 270/2004), which already have specific notions of Greek history, Roman history, Greek language and literature, Latin language and literature.

The course consists of 36 hours of lectures that will aim to deepen peculiar and significant issues of the Roman Provinces. The type of bibliography will allow the student to acquire the knowledge of the formation of the provinces, their administration, their relationship with the central power, the army's role. This knowledge will be enriched by the texts of classical authors, transcripts of inscriptions and images that will be provided during the lessons.

• P. ROMANELLI, Le Province e la loro amministrazione, in Guida allostudio della civiltà romana antica, edd. V. Ussani, F. Arnaldi, I, 1964, pp. 331-377.
• F. JACQUES, J. SCHEID, Roma e il suo impero. Istituzioni, economia, religione, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1992.
• E. LO CASCIO, Le tecniche dell'amministrazione, in Storia di Roma, II. L'impero mediterraneo, 2. I principi e il mondo, Torino, Einaudi, 1991, pp. 119-191.
• L. CRACCO RUGGINI, La città imperiale, in Storia di Roma, IV. Caratteri e morfologie, Torino, Einaudi, 1989, pp. 201-266.
• MEYER-ZWIFFELHOFFER, Storia delle Province romane, Universale Paperbacks il Mulino, Bologna, 2011.
• P. GROS, M. TORELLI, Storia dell’urbanistica. Il mondo romano, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1988, pp. 237-426. (reprint 2010).
• G. BEJOR, M.T. GRASSI, S. MAGGI, F. SLAVAZZI, Arte e Archeologia delle Province romane, Mondadori Università, Milano, 2011.


Further bibliographic references and other didactic materials (in particular texts by classical authors, transcriptions of inscriptions, images) will be provided during the lectures.

STUDENTS 509/99 – Bibliographic references and didactic materials should be discussed with the Supervisor.

Iconografia cristiana e medievale Laurea magistrale :
Il corso vuole ricostruire la diffusione e le caratteristiche della produzione musiva paleocristiana nel territorio italiano , escludendo Roma.
Verranno considerati i complessi dell'Italia meridionale , con particolare riguardo per il battistero di S. Giovanni in Fonte a Napoli ; di Ravenna;
di Milano. Lo studio verterà sulle questioni archeologiche, iconografiche, stilistiche e storico-artistiche. Si considereranno le tecniche e i sistemi di restauro.
Il corso prevede sopralluoghi.

Bibliografia Magistrale:

"Mosaici paleocristiani d'Italia"


- G. Ferri, I mosaici del battistero di San Giovanni in Fonte a Napoli, Tau Editrice, Todi 2013.

- C. Rizzardi, Il mosaico a Ravenna. Ideologia e Arte, AnteQuem, Bologna 2012.

- F. Bisconti, Imprese musive paleocristiane negli edifici di culto dell'Italia Meridionale. Documenti e monumenti dell'area campana", in AISCOM IV, 1996, pp. 733-746.


Gli studenti non frequentanti devono aggiungere l'Introduzione e 20 temi a scelta da:

-F. Bisconti, Temi di Iconografia Paleocristiana, Città del Vaticano 2000.


Per il programma di Epigrafia del secondo semestre vi aggiornerò più avanti.

Underwater archeology in the Mediterranean.
The characteristics of submerged sites.
Ports and coastal infrastructures from the Bronze Age to Late Antiquity, with particular reference to the Mediterranean sites.
Naval archeology and naval architecture. Shipbuilding techniques from the Bronze Age to Late Antiquity in the Mediterranean, with references to the North European world.
Routes and trades in the ancient world, with particular reference to the Greco-Roman world, from the classical age to the fall of the Roman Empire.
The evolution of the methodologies of underwater surveying and underwater archaeological excavation, from the beginning to our days.
The recovery, first aid conservation intervention in the underwater archaeological site.
Restoration, conservation and in situ protection of submerged archaeological heritage.
Italian legislation for the protection of submerged heritage.

Roberto Petriaggi, Barbara Davidde Petriaggi, Archeologia sott’acqua. Teoria e pratica, Pisa-Roma, 2017, Fabrizio Serra Editore.
• Guidelines to the process of underwater archaeological research. Manual 1 scaricabile gratuitamente dal sito del progetto SASMAP (www.sasmap.eu) http://sasmap.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/temasites/sas_map/pdf/SASMAP_guideline_01_LR.pdf
• Guideline Best practices for locating, surveying, assessing, monitoring and preserving
• underwater archaeological sites, Manual 2. scaricabile gratuitamente dal sito http://sasmap.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/temasites/sas_map/pdf/SASMAP_guideline_02_LR.pdf
• CD con i files in formato ppt delle lezioni (reperibili in Segreteria dal sig. Mefistofele)

Programme devoted to the students with the Underwater Archaeology exam in the Laurea triennale course:
• The Oxford Handbook of Maritime Archaeology da p. 25 a p. 46; da p. 47 a p. 54; da p. 161 a p. 181; da p. 182 a p. 201; da p. 349 a p. 405.
• CD: ppt of the lessons (ask to Mr. Mefistofele).
• “Guidelines to the process of underwater archaeological research”. Manual 1 free download SASMAP project (www.sasmap.eu) http://sasmap.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/temasites/sas_map/pdf/SASMAP_guideline_01_LR.pdf
• “Best practices for locating, surveying, assessing, monitoring and preserving underwater archaeological sites, Manual 2. free download SASMAP project: http://sasmap.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/temasites/sas_map/pdf/SASMAP_guideline_02_LR.pdf

Landscape Archaeology

Historical definition of Quaternary: paleontological and climatic criteria. Causes of the Quaternary climatic changes. Gelasian and Pleistocene glaciations. Historical palaeoclimatology during Holocene. Historic excursus on the Plio-Quaternary chronostratigraphy. The Plio-Quaternary boundary. Ages and Stages of the marine Quaternary. GSSP and the most relevant Quaternary marine Italian successions. The Holocene and the ice cores. The Anthropocene. The Plio-Pleistocene successions in the Rome surroundings. Quaternary isotopic stratigraphy. Sea-level oscillations during Quaternary: the eustatic curves. Quaternary magnetostratigraphy. Quaternary dating methods. Plio-Quaternary marine biostratigraphy: planktonic and benthonic foraminifers, calcareous nannofossils, marine molluscs and ostracods (concept of “northern” and “senegalese” guests). Historical chronology of Plio-Quaternary glaciations. Illustration of the most relevant glacial deposits on Alps and Apennines.
History of the continental Plio-Quaternary stratigraphy. Plio-Quaternary biochronology based on large and small mammals, freshwater molluscs and non-marine ostracods. Pollen stratigraphy and climatic stratigraphy. Examples of relevant continental quaternary records in central Italy: the Plio-Quaternary deposits of the Roman Campaign; the intermontane basins in central italy (Vldarno, Tiberino and l’Aquila basins).

Pdf and copies of recent specialistic scientific publications given by the teacher

Anderson, D.E., Goudie, A.S. & Parker, A.G., 2007. Global environments through the Quaternary. Oxford University Press, pp. 392.
Williams, M., Dunkerly, D., De deckker, P., Kershaw, P. & Chappell, J., 1998. Quaternary environments. Arnold eds.
Andersen B. G. & Borns, H. W. jr, 1994The Ice Age world. Scandinavian University Press.
Malatesta A., 1985. Paleobiologia dell’era glaciale. NIS, Roma.

In contemporary societies the arts affect the public discourse, becoming agency of meanings, laboratory for the civil society, space and place for shaping the public memory of very controversial events, arena where gender identities, ethnicity and social classes are socially constructed.
The first part of the course will aim at studying artistic production and politics of cultural consumption. It will focus on the following topics: theories of the author's death, theories of reception, art as social practice, the institutional definition of artistic value, cases of " non-recognition " and plagiarism politics, politics of genius, canonization and practices of social exclusion, theories of cultural capital, relationship between art and advertising, the role of the social media in the production of artistic reputations and more in general in relation to the "arts worlds".
The second part will concern art institutions. It will address the following topics: art and the public sphere, monuments in the urban space, art as memory technology, cultural consumption of the past and the role of the cinema in shaping the public memory of very contested pasts, sociology of museums and politics of museum exhibition, representation of ethnic identities in museums, museums as technology of gender, multimedia art.
The third part will address the relationship between theatre and civil society, with a special focus on the case of theatre in prisons.

1) A. L. Tota, Sociologie dell’arte. Dal museo tradizionale all’arte multimediale, Carocci, Roma, 2001.

2) Additional articles and essays available on the professor’s personal web page hosted on the website www.filcospe.it

Title of the course: "The old poet teaches": critics and didactics in Horace's poetry
The course will offer an introduction of the historical and literary context of Horace's Epistula ad Augustum (Epist. II 1) and Ars poetica; both woks will be read entirely, interpreted actcommented, paying particular attention to the formal aspects of the exegesis and to the fortune of Horatian poetics.


Possible propedeutics: The course is mostly intended to students who have already accomplished 12 CFU in the field L-FIL-LET/04.

Bibliography:
- Horace, Epistles Book II and ‘Epistle to Pisones (‘Ars poetica’), ed. by N. Rudd (Cambridge University Press 2010).
In the lecturer's online page students will find also: Orazio, Arte poetica, a cura di A. Rostagni (Loescher – fuori commercio) and further material. A complete edition of Horace's Epistles is recommended (e. g. Orazio, Le Lettere, a cura di M. Ramous, Garzanti).
Additional texts will be indicated during the course.

Title of the course: Claudius' principate in the opinion of his contemporary and in modern historiography

The course aims to present and discuss the opinions expressed on Emperor Claudius' personality by his contemporary, in particular Seneca and the historian and biographers who lived few years later, such as Suetonius and Tacitus. Moreover, the course will analyse Claudius' figure in modern historiography. The course includes lessons on the polictical Roman lexicon and a seminar, in which scholars who have recently studied the Julio-Claudian age, will take part.

Bibliography:

- Suetonius, Claudius' life (any edition)
- Seneca, De Clementia (any edition)
- Seneca, Consolation to Polybius (any edition)
- A. Momigliano, L'opera dell'imperatore Claudio (edited by D. Faoro), Jouvence, Napoli 2016
- G. Geraci – A. Marcone, Storia romana, Editio Maior, Roma-Bari 2017.


Additional books for students who d attend the course:
- J. Scheid – Fr. Jacques, Roma e il suo Impero. Istituzioni, economia, religione, Laterza, Roma-Bari 20155
- F. Guidetti, L’Impero romano in 100 date, Dalla Porta, Pisa 2016

The course is for students that got the laurea triennale, trying to give them tools and methods to afford prehistory research projects.
The argument will be The emergence of prehistoric archaeology in Lazio in the XIX century, a wide and complex theme that we’ll afford with theoretical lessons and, at the same time going into the field to search and localize some important site discovered by the “pioneers” of the protohistoric Latial archaeology.

Bibliography (texts for exam)

About pre- and protohistoric Latium;:
M.Pacciarelli, Dal villaggio alla città. La svolta protourbana del 1000 a.C. nell’Italia tirrenica, Firenze 2000, pp. 19-69.
A.Guidi, La presenza dell'uomo: dall'economia di sopravvivenza alla nascita dello Stato, in P.Sommella (a cura di), Atlante del Lazio antico. Un approfondimento critico delle conoscenze archeologiche, Istituto Nazionale di Studi Romani, Roma 2003, pp. 27-55.
About The emergence of prehistoric archaeology in Lazio in the XIX century:
A.Guidi, La storia dell'archeologia preistorica italiana nel contesto europeo, in N.Terrenato (a cura di), Archeologia teorica, Firenze 2000, pp. 23-37.
A.Guidi, Da Alessandro Visconti a Giovanni Pinza : la riscoperta della Civiltà Laziale, in M.Valenti, Colli Albani. Protagonisti e luoghi della ricerca archeologica nell’Ottocento, Monte Porzio Catone 2011, pp. 74-79.
A.Guidi (a cura di) 150 anni di preistoria e protostoria in Italia, Studi di Preistoria e Protostoria 1, Istituto Italiano di Preistoria e Protostoria, (Atti del congresso dell’IIPP, Roma 2011) , Firenze 2014 (articles that will be assigned to the students).

Not attending students

These students must study also chapters on protohistory of central Italy (specially Latium) in the following handbook:
A.M.Bietti Sestieri, L’Italia nell’età del bronzo e nell’età del ferro, Roma 2010.

The course is intended to provide the knowledge about the history of Greek painting. We will try to analyze the forms and contents of painting in the context of the social and political use of painting - painting, theatrical painting, funerary painting. Some relevant topics will be considered in the light of ancient sources and modern studies.

Main reference texts:

S. Miller Grobel, Hellenistic Painting in the Eastern Mediterranean, Mid-Fourth to Mid-First Century B.C.in The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. . 170-237
Riferimenti bibliografici:
M. Stansbury-O’Donnell, Reflections of Monumental Painting in Greek Vase Painting in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries B.C., The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 143-169.
J.J. Pollitt, J. J., Painting in Greek and Graeco-Roman Art Criticism, in The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 288-301
J. Hurwit, The Lost Art : Early Greek Wall and Panel. Painting, 760-480 B.C., The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 66-93
E. M. Moormann, Divine interiors: mural paintings in Greek and Roman sanctuaries, Amsterdem : Amsterdam University Press, 2011, pp. 7-16, 27-29, 39-46.
R. Posamentir, Richard, The polychrome grave stelai from the early Hellenistic necropolis, Austin, TX : University of Texas Press, 2011.

Additional material, provided during the course, will be available at the students
Students not attending should contact the lecturer during the consultation times or by e-mail.

The public of archeology: from private collecting to the birth of the museum

1. F. Antinucci, Comunicare il museo, Laterza 2004 (o ed. successive)
2. M.C. Ruggeri Tricoli, M.D. Vacirca, L'idea di museo. Archetipi della comunicazione museale nel mondo antico, Lybra 1998
3. M.V. Marini Clarelli, Che cos'è un museo, Carocci 2005 (o ed. successiva)
4. G. Volpe, Patrimonio al futuro. Un manifesto per i beni culturali e il paesaggio, Electa 2015

the bibliography on topics will be shown during the courses.
The preparation for the exam concerns both to attend lessons and to study the Bibliography shown during the lessons and at the end of each course


The exam of CdL Magistrale regards both oral texts and brief papers (Italian English,French) on the themes of the lessons to submit to the teacher, supported by bibliography shown during the course

The didactic program, in the first part of the course, provides a deepening of the links between the aspects of the history of artistic techniques and those of the history of restoration, and a deepening of the literature of the restoration, produced in Italy and in the different european countries, since the beginning of the eighteenth century until the thirties of the twentieth century.

G. C, Argan, Introduzione, voce Tecnica in Enciclopedia Universale dell’Arte, Novara, Istituto Geografico De Agostini, 1983, vol.XIII, pp. 686-692.

P. Mora, L. Mora, P. Philippot, La conservazione delle pitture murali, Bologna, 1999, pp. 69-172.

B. Tosatti, Trattati tecnico-artistici, in "Enciclopedia dell'arte medievale", XI, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 2000, pp. 316-319.

M. Ciatti, Appunti per un manuale di storia e di teoria del restauro. Dispense per gli studenti, Firenze, 2008, pp. 208-275.

A. Conti, Storia del restauro e della conservazione delle opere d'arte, Milano, 2002, pp. 154-328.

P. Bensi, Scienziati e restauratori nell'Italia dell'Ottocento. una difficile convivenza, in Giovanni Secco Suardo La cultura del restauro tra tutela e conservazione dell'opera d'arte, Atti del convegno internazionale di studi, Bergamo 9-11 marzo 1995, Bollettino d’Arte, Supplemento al nr. 98, 1998, pp. 25-32.
J. Anderson, Sir Charles Eastlake e i suoi restauratori italiani: Giuseppe Molteni e Raffaele Pinti, in Giovanni Secco Suardo La cultura del restauro tra tutela e conservazione dell'opera d'arte, Atti del convegno internazionale di studi, Bergamo 9-11 marzo 1995, Bollettino d’Arte, Supplemento al nr. 98, 1998, pp. 57-62.
C. Giannini, Giovanni Secco Suardo: gli anni del collezionismo, in Giovanni Secco Suardo La cultura del restauro tra tutela e conservazione dell'opera d'arte, Atti del convegno internazionale di studi, Bergamo 9-11 marzo 1995, Bollettino d’Arte, Supplemento al nr. 98, 1998, pp. 63-72.

M. Cordaro, Metodologie e tecniche del restauro nell’opera e negli scritti di Giovanni Secco Suardo: eredità, fortuna critica, innovazioni, in Giovanni Secco Suardo La cultura del restauro tra tutela e conservazione dell'opera d'arte, Atti del convegno internazionale di studi, Bergamo 9-11 marzo 1995, Bollettino d’Arte, Supplemento al nr. 98, 1998, pp. 73-77.

G. Bonsanti, Giovanni Secco Suardo e Ulisse Forni: tecniche e tradizioni a confronto, in Giovanni Secco Suardo La cultura del restauro tra tutela e conservazione dell'opera d'arte, Atti del convegno internazionale di studi, Bergamo 9-11 marzo 1995, Bollettino d’Arte, Supplemento al nr. 98, 1998, pp. 79-82.

M. Marabelli, Le scienze chimiche per la conservazione dei dipinti nell'Italia dell'Ottocento Il trattato del conte Secco Suardo "Il Restauratore dei Dipinti", in Kermes, 2011, nr. 81, pp. 33-49.

M. Cardinali, M. B. De Ruggieri, C. Falcucci, Diagnostica artistica. Tracce materiali per la storia dell'arte e per la conservazione, Roma, 2007, pp. 13-57.

G. Perusini, Il dibattito sulla pulitura dei dipinti della National Gallery e del Louvre alla metà dell'Ottocento: alcune considerazioni generali, in La cultura del restauro. Modelli di ricezione
per la museologia e la storia dell’arte, M.B. Failla, S. A. Meyer, C. Piva, S. Ventra (a cura di), Roma, 2013, pp. 335-349.

General Section: System of sources of law. State, Regions and local authorities powers. Changes in legislation and institutions for the protection and promotion of cultural heritage. The distinction between protection and promotion of cultural heritage. The "Codice dei beni culturali". Cultural heritage administration.

Special Section: Constitutional case-law on cultural heritage (Sentt. nn. 94/2003; 9/2004; 232/2005, in the matter of protection of cultural heritage; Sent. n. 196/2004, in the matter of promotion of cultural heritage; Sent. n. 388/2005, in the matter of management of cultural heritage; Sentt. nn. 160/2005; 205/2005, in the matter of promotion and organization of cultural activities).

General Section
one required reading to be chosen from the following:
- R. Bin, G. Pitruzzella, Le fonti del diritto, Giappichelli, Torino, 2012 (2. Ed);
- F. Sorrentino, Le fonti del diritto italiano, Wolters Kluwer / CEDAM, Padova, 2015 (2. Ed).

Special Section
- Sentt. nn. 94/2003; 9/2004; 232/2005 (in the matter of protection of cultural heritage);
- Sent. n. 196/2004 (in the matter of promotion of cultural heritage);
- Sent. n. 388/2005 (in the matter of management of cultural heritage);
- Sentt. nn. 160/2005; 205/2005 (in the matter of promotion and organization of cultural activities).

In addition to the aforementioned judgments of the Constitutional Court, available on www.cortecostituzionale.it and www.giurcost.org sites, the student must be in possession of the current text of the Italian Constitution.

An introduction to Data Mining and Data Journalism by means of the Python programming language.

lectures notes by the teacher

The course proposes the study of archaeological restoration culture, particularly focused on Rome (Roman Forum, Palatine Hill, Imperial Fora).
The lectures are dedicated to the history of change and re-use that have led to the loss of the original architectural identity until its intentional “re-creation” after the second half of the eighteenth century. This new tradition and its different manifestations during the last two centuries will be analyzed: excavations, restorations, reconstructions, anastylosis and programs of enhancement.
Group exercises, papers (critical analysis of architectonic projects on cultural heritage) and lectures with the course of " Design and Architectural Restoration B" are planned.

- A. Ricci, Attorno alla nuda pietra. Archeologia e città tra identità e progetto, Roma 2006.
- E. Pallottino (a cura di), Architetti e archeologi costruttori d’identità, in Ricerche di Storia dell’arte, 95, 2008, pp. 30-43.
- D. Manacorda, R. Santangeli Valenzani, L. Franciosini, E. Pallottino, S. Picciola, A. Carlini, P. Porretta (a cura di), Arch.it.arch, dialoghi di archeologia e architettura, seminari 2005|2006, Roma 2009.
- E. Pallottino (a cura di), Roma, Torre dei Conti. Ricerca, formazione, progetto, in Ricerche di Storia dell'arte, n. 108, 2012.

(specific books will be indicated during the course)

Five centuries from the Protestant Reform: sources and historiographical studies

In the Christianity history the Lutheran reform was an event that divides the Occidental Europe. About its motivations and its incidence on the religious, political and social future history the historians have built many interpretations, studying the abundant sources about the first period of Luther’s rebellion, but also the reactions of the Roman ecclesiastical authorities. The course will analyse several sources produced in Lutheran entourage, in the civil entourage and in the catholic ecclesiastical entourage and understand them in the light of various historiographical lectures elaborated during the centuries.
We will try to give students the ability to read and interpret critically historical essays and deepen its historiographical debates, in order to provide them with methodological expertise to independently develop their own research paths, analyzing scientifically the sources and its historiography. held methodological lessons and practical exercises of research, of discussion of the historiography and of use of tools and aids.
For attending students the teacher'll do another bibliographical notices during the lessons. It is recommended to those who have never supported an examination on the early modern history of Christianity to provide themselves with a manual.
In the academic year 2018-2019 the course will be about the History of Christianity in Modern Age.

Texts

- Dossier of documents provided from the teacher;
- GUIDO DALL’OLIO, Martin Lutero, Roma, Carocci, 2013 (Frecce, 167);
- Sola grazia. I testi essenziali della Riforma protestante, a cura di GIUSEPPE ALBERIGO, nuova edizione a cura di DOMENICO SEGNA, Milano, Garzanti, 2017 (I grandi libri dello spirito), pp. 79-204; 259-272.

1. Introduction to Environmental Economics
1.1 Introduction and general information about the course (programme in detail, final exam, textbooks, other material, dropbox folder)
1.2 Definition of externality
1.3 Public goods
1.4 Property rights (public, private, collective) and the Coase theorem
1.5 Pollution (local, national, transboundary, global)
1.6 Natural resources (renewable, exhaustible)

2. Monetary value of externalities
2.1 Contingent valuation method: Willingness to Pay versus Willingness to Accept
2.2 Hedonic price and transport cost methods
2.3 Cost-benefit analysis
2.4 Discounting

3. Monetary value of resource exploitation
3.1 Hotelling rule
3.2 Net Present Value method

4. Environmental Accounts
4.1 Input Output approaches and databases (NAMEA, WIOD, EXIOMOD)
4.2 Satellite Accounts (EPEA), alternative measures of GDP (Genuine saving, Green GNP)

5 Sustainable Development
5.1 Definition and measure
5.2 Recent debate: from the Fitoussi Commission to the SDGs agenda
5.3 Alternative measures of well-being including environment

6 Specific topics
6.1 Payment for environmental services
6.2 Renewable resources (forestry, fishery, water)
6.3 Waste management
6.4 Energy
6.5 Climate change

7 Environmental policies
7.1 Geographical scales for policies (local, national, global)
7.2 Environmental policies (demand-pull vs. supply-push, price-based vs. quantity-based, tax, permits, standards)
7.3 International environmental policies (SDGs, Roadmap2050, 450PPM, low-carbon strategy)

8 Environmental innovation
8.1 Eco-innovation: complexity, dynamics, evolution and trajectories
8.2 Eco-innovation policies
8.3 Case study 1: biofuels
8.4 Case study 2: energy efficiency

9 Multi-dimensional issues
9.1 Environment and food security
9.2 Environment and trade
9.3 Environment and innovation: green growth and win-win strategies
9.4 Environmental Kuznets Curve
9.5 Resource Curse Hypothesis

Tietenberg T., Lewis L. (2012), Environmental & Natural Resource Economics, 9th Edition, US: Pearson Education.

The Earth-atmosphere system

- Composition and structure

-Radiative equilibrium of the Earth

-The global energy budget

Hydrostatic equilibrium

- Hydrostatic balance

-Stratification

-Lagrangian interpretation of stratification

Static stability

- Stability categories

-Implications for vertical motion

-Stabilizing and destabilizing influences

-Turbulent dispersion

Radiative transfer

- Description of radiative transfer

-Absorption characteristics of gases

-Thermal equilibrium

-The greenhouse effect

Large-scale motion

- Geostrophic equilibrium

-Vertical shear of the geostrophic wind

-Frictional geostrophic motion

-Curvilinear motion

-Weakly divergent motion

Thermodynamics of gases

- Thermodynamic concepts

-Adiabatic processes

-Diabatic processes

Heterogeneous systems

- Chemical equilibrium

-Fundamental relations for a multi-component system

-Equilibrium phase transformations

Transformations of moist air

- Implications for the distribution of water vapor

-Thermodynamic behaviour accompanying vertical motion

-The pseudo-adiabatic chart

Atmospheric motion and equations

- Kinematics of fluid motion

-Reynold’s transport theorem

-Conservation of mass

-The momentum budget

The planetary boundary layer

- Description of turbulence

-Structure of the boundary layer

-Ekman pumping

Wave propagation

- Acoustic waves

-Buoyancy waves

-The Lamb wave

-Rossby waves

-Wave absorption

Dynamic stability

- Inertial stability

-Shear stability

-The Eady model

Influence of the Ocean

- Composition and structure

-Role in the heat budget

-Role in the carbon cycle

-The wind-driven circulation

-The buoyancy-driven circulation

-Interannual changes

Salby M.L. - Physics of the Atmosphere and Climate. Cambridge University Press, 2012 - ISBN:9780521767187

Vallis G.K. - Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics. Cambridge University Press, 2006 - ISBN:9780521849692

Codicology

The course is intented for students who have already had an exam in the field of paleography (M-STO/09) and aims to present the features of Greeks and Latin manuscripts, especially those of some relevance for the philological, historical and cultural studies. We will take into consideration external characteristics of manuscripts (such as techniques, means and tools used for arranging a book and the professional figures involved in the process of production) and the cultural background (that is places and times of origin) of manuscript books.
The course includes an examination of reproducted manuscripts (on paper and on electronic supports) and the examination of manuscripts and other materials in archives and libraries.

The final exam will include the knowledge of the material provided during lessons and the discussion of one subject which the student will decide to study in depth. In addition students are required to study the following texts:
• M. Maniaci, Archeologia del manoscritto. Metodi, problemi, bibliografia recente, Roma, Viella, 2003;
• M. L. Agati, Il libro manoscritto da Oriente a Occidente. Per una codicologia comparata, L’Erma di Bretschneider, Roma 2009 (a selection of chapters);
• M. Cursi, Le forme del libro. Dalla tavoletta cerata all’e-book, Il Mulino, Bologna 2016, cap. III (pp. 97-160);
• Two articles among those presented during the course.

Testi per studenti non frequentanti:
Stefano De Matteis, Le false libertà. Verso la postglobalizzazione, Milano, Meltemi 2017;
David Freedberg, Il potere delle immagini. Il mondo delle figure: reazioni e emozioni del pubblico, trad. it. di Giovanna Perini, Torino, Einaudi 2009.