Subject of the course: “Magna Diana Ephesiorum. History of a cultual and iconographical syncretism.

Description of course: The course aims to provide a correct methodology of historical research through the empiric application of analysis methods proper to different kinds of sources. It has the character of a seminar and includes the collection, the analysis and the discussion of various kinds of sources about the syncretistic cult image of the Ephesian Arthemis.

Bibliography:

– R. Fleischer, Artemis von Ephesos und verwandte Kultstatuen aus Anatolien und Syrien, Leiden, Brill, 1973 (Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l’Empire romain, 35).
– M. Gras, Le temple de Diane sur l'Aventin, «Revue des Études Anciennes» 89 (1987), 47-61.
– R. Strelan, Paul, Artemis, and the Jews in Ephesus, Berlin - New York, W. de Gruyter, 1996.
– C. Ampolo, L’Artemide di Marsiglia e la Diana dell’Aventino, «La Parola del Passato» 25/130-133 (1970), 200-210.
– M. Nielsen, ‘Diana Efesia multimammia’. The metamorphoses of a pagan goddess from the Renaissance to the age of Neo-Classicism, in T. Fischer-Hansen - B. Poulsen (eds.), From Artemis to Diana. The Goddess of Man and Beast, Copenhagen 2009, 455-496.
– S. L. Budin, Artemis, London - New York, NY, Routledge, 2016.

● N.B. The indication of texts is merely orientative. Further and more accurate indications will be given during the course.

The course aims to:
- the analysis and interpretation of epigraphical texts pertinent to holders of prefecture of pretoria between I and V century;
- the historical contextualization of the carrers;
- hypothesis on the way the inscriptions were carried out and preserved.

The knowledge of basic Latin and of roman history are required. Stdents are recommendend. to attend the course more than occasionally.

Texts for students attending the course: xerocopies provided dung lessons;
Texts for students who do not attend the course: They are invited to contact the teacher.

The organization and workings of Imperial Rome. The central administration and those of the Provinces. The army’s role.

The course is designed for students enrolled in Laurea Magistrale in Archeology science and methodology of historical and archaeological research (D.M. 270/2004), Laurea Magistrale in Religions Sciences (D.M. 270/2004), Laurea Magistrale in Philology, literature and history of Antiquity (D.M. 270/2004), which already have specific notions of Greek history, Roman history, Greek language and literature, Latin language and literature.

The course consists of 36 hours of lectures that will aim to deepen peculiar and significant issues of the Roman Provinces. The type of bibliography will allow the student to acquire the knowledge of the formation of the provinces, their administration, their relationship with the central power, the army's role. This knowledge will be enriched by the texts of classical authors, transcripts of inscriptions and images that will be provided during the lessons.

• P. ROMANELLI, Le Province e la loro amministrazione, in Guida allostudio della civiltà romana antica, edd. V. Ussani, F. Arnaldi, I, 1964, pp. 331-377.
• F. JACQUES, J. SCHEID, Roma e il suo impero. Istituzioni, economia, religione, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1992.
• E. LO CASCIO, Le tecniche dell'amministrazione, in Storia di Roma, II. L'impero mediterraneo, 2. I principi e il mondo, Torino, Einaudi, 1991, pp. 119-191.
• L. CRACCO RUGGINI, La città imperiale, in Storia di Roma, IV. Caratteri e morfologie, Torino, Einaudi, 1989, pp. 201-266.
• MEYER-ZWIFFELHOFFER, Storia delle Province romane, Universale Paperbacks il Mulino, Bologna, 2011.
• P. GROS, M. TORELLI, Storia dell’urbanistica. Il mondo romano, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1988, pp. 237-426. (reprint 2010).
• G. BEJOR, M.T. GRASSI, S. MAGGI, F. SLAVAZZI, Arte e Archeologia delle Province romane, Mondadori Università, Milano, 2011.


Further bibliographic references and other didactic materials (in particular texts by classical authors, transcriptions of inscriptions, images) will be provided during the lectures.

STUDENTS 509/99 – Bibliographic references and didactic materials should be discussed with the Supervisor.

Course title 2017-2018: Resurrectio mortuorum: texts on the resurrection of the dead (I-III century).

Propedeuticity: The course is propedeutic to that of Letteratura cristiana di età post-costantiniana (Laurea Magistrale).

Description of course. The proclamation of Jesus resurrected by the dead, one of the essential points of the original kerygma (cf 1 Cor 15: 1-11), to be placed in the multiform context of Jewish eschatological expectations, produces among Christians a complex reflection on the resurrection of the dead, which involves the eschatological aspect (when the dead rise?), the anthropological one (how?), the ethical-soteriological one (why? Who rises?) and that leads progressively to define the doctrine. The course aims to conduct some surveys among the most important Christian works of the first three centuries related to this subject, in order to study the evolution of thought, often developped in a controversial form. The course is a seminary and involves the active participation of students, who are required to have knowledge (of high school level) of the Greek and Latin languages. Adaptations to the program are for students who do not know the ancient languages ​​or who can not attend; they are therefore invited to contact the teacher.

Materials for seminars (critical editions and secondary bibliography) will be provided by the teacher.

Course title 2017-2018: Resurrectio mortuorum: texts on the resurrection of the dead (IV-V century).

Prerequisite: The student who intends to attend this course is obliged to follow the one of Letteratura delle origini cristiane (Laurea Magistrale).

Description of course. During the 4th and 5th centuries faith in the resurrection of the dead was the subject of in-depth reflection on the part of Christians from the East and the West. The course aims to conduct some surveys of the most significant works of Greek authors and Latin authors of those centuries, to study the developments of reflection, largely characterized by polemical aspects, concerning such object of faith. The course is seminary and involves the active participation of students, who are required to have knowledge (of high school level) of the Greek and Latin languages. Adaptations to the program are for students who do not know the ancient languages ​​or who can not attend; they are therefore invited to contact the teacher.

Bibliography.
Materials for seminars (critical editions and secondary bibliography) will be provided by the teacher.

H.Y. Gamble, Libri e lettori nella chiesa antica, Paideia, Brescia 2006.
For students who already have Gamble's book in the syllabus of Letteratura delle origini cristiane: B.M. Metzger, Il canone del Nuovo Testamento, Paideia, Brescia 1997.

The course is intended to provide the knowledge about the history of Greek painting. We will try to analyze the forms and contents of painting in the context of the social and political use of painting - painting, theatrical painting, funerary painting. Some relevant topics will be considered in the light of ancient sources and modern studies.

Main reference texts:

S. Miller Grobel, Hellenistic Painting in the Eastern Mediterranean, Mid-Fourth to Mid-First Century B.C.in The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. . 170-237
Riferimenti bibliografici:
M. Stansbury-O’Donnell, Reflections of Monumental Painting in Greek Vase Painting in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries B.C., The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 143-169.
J.J. Pollitt, J. J., Painting in Greek and Graeco-Roman Art Criticism, in The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 288-301
J. Hurwit, The Lost Art : Early Greek Wall and Panel. Painting, 760-480 B.C., The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 66-93
E. M. Moormann, Divine interiors: mural paintings in Greek and Roman sanctuaries, Amsterdem : Amsterdam University Press, 2011, pp. 7-16, 27-29, 39-46.
R. Posamentir, Richard, The polychrome grave stelai from the early Hellenistic necropolis, Austin, TX : University of Texas Press, 2011.

Additional material, provided during the course, will be available at the students
Students not attending should contact the lecturer during the consultation times or by e-mail.

Iconografia cristiana e medievale Laurea magistrale :
Il corso vuole ricostruire la diffusione e le caratteristiche della produzione musiva paleocristiana nel territorio italiano , escludendo Roma.
Verranno considerati i complessi dell'Italia meridionale , con particolare riguardo per il battistero di S. Giovanni in Fonte a Napoli ; di Ravenna;
di Milano. Lo studio verterà sulle questioni archeologiche, iconografiche, stilistiche e storico-artistiche. Si considereranno le tecniche e i sistemi di restauro.
Il corso prevede sopralluoghi.

Bibliografia Magistrale:

"Mosaici paleocristiani d'Italia"


- G. Ferri, I mosaici del battistero di San Giovanni in Fonte a Napoli, Tau Editrice, Todi 2013.

- C. Rizzardi, Il mosaico a Ravenna. Ideologia e Arte, AnteQuem, Bologna 2012.

- F. Bisconti, Imprese musive paleocristiane negli edifici di culto dell'Italia Meridionale. Documenti e monumenti dell'area campana", in AISCOM IV, 1996, pp. 733-746.


Gli studenti non frequentanti devono aggiungere l'Introduzione e 20 temi a scelta da:

-F. Bisconti, Temi di Iconografia Paleocristiana, Città del Vaticano 2000.


Per il programma di Epigrafia del secondo semestre vi aggiornerò più avanti.

Advanced course on linguistic change, its mechanisms and explanations at the different levels of analysis. Grammaticalization, degrammaticalization, reanalysis and their relation with Construction Grammar. Historical grammar of IE languages known by students. Etymology and its bibliografical instruments.

Benedetti, M., 203, “L’etimologia tra storia e tipologia”, in Mancini, M. (a cura di), Il mutamento linguistico, Roma, Carocci, 209-262.
Additional material will be provided during the course.

The public of archeology: from private collecting to the birth of the museum

1. F. Antinucci, Comunicare il museo, Laterza 2004 (o ed. successive)
2. M.C. Ruggeri Tricoli, M.D. Vacirca, L'idea di museo. Archetipi della comunicazione museale nel mondo antico, Lybra 1998
3. M.V. Marini Clarelli, Che cos'è un museo, Carocci 2005 (o ed. successiva)
4. G. Volpe, Patrimonio al futuro. Un manifesto per i beni culturali e il paesaggio, Electa 2015

Frontal lessons with the use of xerocopies and slides. Practic exercises in the Epigraphical collection of the National Roma Museum at the Baths of Diocletian

Knowledge of the Latin language and Roman history are required

Bibliograpghy:

Texts and material provided during the course.

Students who do not attend lessons:
- A. Buonopane, Manuale di epigrafia latina, Roma (Carocci) 2009 [mandatory];

One of the following:
M.L. Caldelli, F. Zevi, M. Cébeillac-Gervasoni, Epigrafia latina. Ostia: cento iscrizioni in contesto, Roma (Quasar) 2010 [328 pp. - € 28,00]: full study.
- Terme di Diocleziano. La collezione epigrafica, a cura di R. Friggeri, M.G. Granino Cecere, G. Gregori, Milano (Electa) 2012 [757 pp. - € 49,00]: mandatory study of Hall I and 4 more halls (any).

The Gothic migration into the Roman Empire: a reading of the XXXI books of Ammianus Marcellinus

The reading of the XXXI books of Ammianus Marcellinus gives evidence of the impact of the Gothic migration on the Danubian side of roman empire and of Roman reaction and its conseguences.

The knowledge od Latin grammar is required.

Bibliography:

- Ammiano Marcellino, Le storie, a cura di A. Selem, UTET, 2014

Substance and Predication in Aristotle

The course will focus on Aristotle's theories of substance and predication. The discussion will cover passages from Aristotle's Categories and Metaphysics VII.

[a] Aristotle, Categories and De Interpretatione, Translated with Notes by J.L. Ackrill, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1963 (rist. 2002), pp. 3-12 (Cat. 1-5); pp. 71-91 (notes);
Aristotle, Metaphysics Books Z and H, Translated with a Commentary by D. Bostock, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1994 (rist. 2003), pp, 1-4; 23-25; 29-31 (Met., VII, 1-3; 13; 17); pp. 45-85; 185-207; 237-247 (Commentary)

[b] R. Dancy, On Some of Aristotle’s First Thoughts About Substances, «Philosophical Review» 84 (1975), pp. 338-373;
R. Dancy, On Some of Aristotle’s Second Thoughts About Substances: Matter, «Philosophical Review»,
87 (1978), pp. 372-413.

Students are allowed to write an essay, in Italian or in English, regarding some of Aristotle’s texts listed in [a]. The preparation of this essay can replace the study of R. Dancy’s articles listed in [b]. For further information please contact Prof. R. Chiaradonna.

the bibliography on topics will be shown during the courses.
The preparation for the exam concerns both to attend lessons and to study the Bibliography shown during the lessons and at the end of each course


The exam of CdL Magistrale regards both oral texts and brief papers (Italian English,French) on the themes of the lessons to submit to the teacher, supported by bibliography shown during the course

Subject of the course: The anagraphè from Lindo and the Marmor Parium

The course aims to provide an advanced knowledge of Greek epigraphy through the exam of two important "cronographical" texts: the so called Cronicle (or anagraphé) of Lindo and the Marmor Parium.

Bibliography:

– F. Jacoby, Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker, vol. 2B (1929) nr. 239.
– G. Maddoli, Il Marmor Parium, in Cronologia e storia. Studi comparati sull’Athenaion Politeia di Aristotele, a cura di G. Maddoli, Perugia 1975, 51-61.
– C. Higbie, The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past, Oxford - New York, Oxford University Press, 2003.
– J. L. Shaya, Greek temple as museum. The case of the legendary treasure of Athena from Lindos, «American Journal of Archaeology» 109 (2005), 423-442.
– A. Però, La statua di Atena. Agalmatofilia nella Cronaca di Lindos, Milano, LED, 2012 (Filarete. Pubblicazioni della Facoltà di lettere e filosofia dell’Università di Milano, 278).
– A. Rotstein, Literary history in the Parian Marble, Washington, D.C., Center for Hellenic Studies, Trustees for Harvard University, 2016 (Hellenic studies, 68).

● N.B. The indications above are merely orientative. Further and more accurate indications will be provided during the course.

Title of the course: From the Thirteenth century poetry to Dante's Comedy

Description of the course: The course will deal with the origin of Italian literature, with special regard to the passage from the early thirteenth century poetry to Dante's Comedy. It will be articulated in lesson about the historical background and readings of the texts. Also the methodological and metrical propedeutics will be object of the course.

Bibliography:
- G. Contini, Letteratura italiana delle origini, Milano, BUR Rizzoli;
- F. Suitner, I poeti del medio evo, Roma, Carocci;
- a good edition of the Divine Comedy;
- a general knowledge of the features of Italian lietrature in the Thirteenth century (students can use a highschool handbook)
- Two classics of Italian literature (with the relative critical essays), which be indicated during the course.

N.B. Students who choose not to attend the course are invited to contact the lecturer in order to arrange specific integration to the exam schedule.

Title of the course: Poetry and Rhetoric in the Middle Ages: metaphors in Dante and Petrarch

Description of the course: In Dante and petrarch the strong dynamic coherence between rhetoric an poetic writing works according to experimental and innovative elemens, which different from those of the classical and medieval rhetorical tradition. Nonetheless, it remains their cultural and technical background. Through the analysis of lyrical texts of dante and Petrarch and of the Comedy (in particular the Paradise), the course aims to show the status of metaphor in these two authors, whose work will mark a reference point for the poetic tradition in Italy and abroad.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

- Dante, Commedia (an integral edition provided with commentary)**
- Petrarca, Canzoniere (an integral edition provided with commentary)**
- U. Eco et alii, La metafora nel Medioevo, Milano, CUEM. 2004
- A. Henry, Morfologia della metafora, in Id., Metonimia e metafora, Torino, Einaudi, 1975, pp. 97-146
- H. Weinrich, Metafora e menzogna, Bologna, il Mulino, 1976, pp. 55-103
- La metafora in Dante, a cura di M. Ariani, Firenze, Olschki, 2009
- Dante e la retorica, a cura di L. Marcozzi, Ravenna, Longo, 2017
- L. Marcozzi, Petrarca platonico. Studi sull’immaginario filosofico del Canzoniere, Roma, Aracne, 2011, pp. 13-95
- S. Finazzi, Fusca claritas. La metafora nei Rerum vulgarium fragmenta di Francesco Petrarca, Roma, Aracne, 2011

*OTher bibliografic indication will be possible provided during the course.
**Some commented editions will be indicated during the course.

Attending students:
- slides in ppt, lesson notes and supplementary learning material that will be provided during the course.
Non-Attending Students:
- A.Cantile, Lineamenti di storia della Cartografia, Roma, Geoweb, 2013 (vol. I, Dalle origini al Cinquecento).
- D. Woodward, Cartografia a stampa nell'Italia del Rinascimento: produttori, distributori e destinatari, Bergamo 2002.

Attending students:
- slides in ppt, lesson notes and supplementary learning material that will be provided during the course.
Non-Attending Students:
- A.Cantile, Lineamenti di storia della Cartografia, Roma, Geoweb, 2013 (vol. I, Dalle origini al Cinquecento).
- D. Woodward, Cartografia a stampa nell'Italia del Rinascimento: produttori, distributori e destinatari, Bergamo 2002.

Title of the course: Questions of Greek metrics. The lyrical sections in Euripides' Medea.

Description of the course: the course will take into exam some general problem of Greek metrics. The second part will be reserved to analysis of the lyrical section of Euripides' Medea.

Possible propedeutics: attendance is recommended. The course implies the knowledge of the Greek language

Bibliography:

The texts which will be object of metrical analysis will be provided during the lessons.
- B. Gentili- L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95
- Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

Title of the course: Claudius' principate in the opinion of his contemporary and in modern historiography

The course aims to present and discuss the opinions expressed on Emperor Claudius' personality by his contemporary, in particular Seneca and the historian and biographers who lived few years later, such as Suetonius and Tacitus. Moreover, the course will analyse Claudius' figure in modern historiography. The course includes lessons on the polictical Roman lexicon and a seminar, in which scholars who have recently studied the Julio-Claudian age, will take part.

Bibliography:

- Suetonius, Claudius' life (any edition)
- Seneca, De Clementia (any edition)
- Seneca, Consolation to Polybius (any edition)
- A. Momigliano, L'opera dell'imperatore Claudio (edited by D. Faoro), Jouvence, Napoli 2016
- G. Geraci – A. Marcone, Storia romana, Editio Maior, Roma-Bari 2017.


Additional books for students who d attend the course:
- J. Scheid – Fr. Jacques, Roma e il suo Impero. Istituzioni, economia, religione, Laterza, Roma-Bari 20155
- F. Guidetti, L’Impero romano in 100 date, Dalla Porta, Pisa 2016

Description of the course: The course is articulated in frontal lessons and analysis of materials. it aims to present an introduction to the study of Language in reference to its users and to the context. subjects matters: different approaches to the study of pragmatic lingustics.

Bibliography:
- Caffi, C., Pragmatica. Sei lezioni, Carocci.
- Orletti, Fra conversazione e discorso, Carocci.
- Levinson, La pragmatica, Il Mulino.

Title of the course: A doctrinale dispute in the Court of Charles the Bald: The treatise De anima written by Ratramnus of Corbie

Description: The course aims first of all to outline, in broad terms, the developments of a theme - that of the soul - dear to the tradition of Western thought from its beginnings, and capable, in addition to incessantly nourishing the philosophical and religious reflection of high level, also of having a singular impact on the mentality, on the imaginary, on the life conduct, on the self-perception and representation of man in Western culture, and in particular in the Latin Middle Ages. A work will then be analyzed, the De anima by Ratramnus of Corbie, of a typically dossographic character, composed (853 ca.) at the request of Charles the Bald, within the framework of one of the lively debates that animated the intellectual life of the Carolingian court. While not aiming for a complete discussion of the subject in question, the work stands out as a significant contribution to the reflection on the problem of the relationship between the soul and the category of place. - As part of the module will also be activated exercises designed to guide the knowledge and use of the main electronic resources for the study and research on the Latin authors of the Middle Ages.

Bibliography:
- A. Wilmart, L’opuscule inédit de Ratramne sur la nature de l'âme, in Revue Bénédictine 43 (1931), pp. 207-223.
- Ph. Delhaye, Une controverse sur l’âme universelle au IXe siècle, Louvain 1950.
- J.-P. Bouhot, Ratramne de Corbie. Histoire littéraire et controverses doctrinales, Paris 1976 (Collection des Études Augustiniennes, Série Moyen Âge et Temps modernes [EAMA] 6).
- Anima e corpo nella cultura medievale, a cura di C. Casagrande e S. Vecchio, Ed. SISMEL, Firenze 1999 (Millennio medievale, 15).

The course is aimed to the study of ancient Greek and Latin papyri, paying special attention to their value in philogical and historical studies.

The knowledge of ancient Greek and Latin are required. Students who do not attend the course are invited to contact the teacher.

Bibliography:


— O. Montevecchi, La papirologia, Vita e Pensiero, Milano 19882 (e ristampe).

The handbook in program is at the moment not available for sale. Alternatively students can use:

— M. Capasso, Introduzione alla Papirologia, Il Mulino, Bologna 2005 (e ristampe);

Subject of the course: The Images of Jesus of Edessa: origins and development of a legend from late antiquity to the Middle Ages

the course aimes to retrace the complex history of the icon of Christ from Edessa through the critical analysis of a selection of literary (Greek, Sirian, Latin and Paleoslavic) and iconographical sources.

Students attending the course a required to write a short essay on one aspect of the legend.

Bibliography:

For students attending the course:
- A. Nicolotti, Dal Mandylion di Edessa alla Sindone di Torino. Metamorfosi di una leggenda [Collana di studi del Centro di scienze religiose 3], Alessandria, Edizioni dell’Orso 20152

For students who do not attend the course:
- A. Nicolotti, Dal Mandylion di Edessa alla Sindone di Torino. Metamorfosi di una leggenda [Collana di studi del Centro di scienze religiose 3], Alessandria, Edizioni dell’Orso 20152

One texts among the following:
- E. Kitzinger, Il culto delle immagini. L'arte bizantina dal cristianesimo delle origini all'Iconoclastia, trad. it. Firenze, La Nuova Italia, 1992
- E. Fogliadini, Il volto di Cristo: gli acherotipi del Salvatore nella tradizione dell’Oriente cristiano, Milano, Jaca Book,2011.
- M. Illert, Die Abgarlegende. Das Christusbild von Edessa, Turnhout, Brepols 2007 (con traduzione in tedesco della più completa rassegna di testi).
- E. von Dobschütz, Immagini di Cristo, a cura di G. Lingua, Milano, Medusa, 2006.

Subject of the course: 29 may 1453: The fall of Constatinople in the historiographical evidences and in the "voices of the spies"


There are some days that can change history, dates that become symbols. If we were to choose the date that for most aspects marks the beginning of Modern Age, we must indicate 29 May 1453, the date of the fall (or the conquer, according to another perspective) of Byzantine empire, that is of Roman empire. The second part of the course of BYZANTINE CULTURE aims to investigate the causes and the process of the fall/conquer of Constantinople and its direct and indirect consequences on the Mediterranean culture.

Bibliography:

- mandatory texts:

• S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
• A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

- Optional texts to add:
• G. Ostrogorsky, Storia dell’impero bizantino, Einaudi Tascabili 2005
• A. Pertusi, Testi inediti e poco noti sulla caduta di Costantinopoli. Edizione postuma a c. di A. Carile, Pàtron, Bologna 1983
• A. Pertusi, Fine di Bisanzio e fine del mondo. Significato e ruolo storico delle profezie sulla caduta di Costantinopoli in Oriente e in Occidente. Edizione postuma a c. di E. Morini, Istituto Storico Italiano per il Medio Evo, Roma 1988
• S. Runciman, Gli ultimi giorni di Costantinopoli (trad. it.), Piemme, Casale Monferrato, 1997
• S. Ronchey, Bisanzio veramente ‘volle cadere’? Realismo politico e avventura storica da Alessio I Comneno al Mediterraneo di Braudel, “Quaderni di Storia” 52 (luglio/dicembre 2000), pp. 137-158
• S. Ronchey, Malatesta/Paleologhi. Un’alleanza dinastica per rifondare Bisanzio nel quindicesimo secolo, “Byzantinische Zeitschrift” 93 (2000), ii, pp. 521-567
• S. Ronchey, Il “salvataggio occidentale” di Bisanzio. Una lettera di Enea Silvio Piccolomini e l’allegoria pittorica di Bisanzio nel primo Rinascimento, in C.A. Maltezou e P. Schreiner (a cura di), Bisanzio, Venezia e il mondo franco-greco (XIII-XV secolo) (Atti del Colloquio Internazionale organizzato nel centenario della nascita di Raymond-Joseph Loenertz O.P., Venezia, 1-2 dicembre 2000), Venezia, Istituto Ellenico di Studi Bizantini e Postbizantini, 2002, pp. 125-150 e 529-544
• S. Ronchey, Tommaso Paleologo al Concilio di Firenze, in G. Lazzi e G. Wolf (a cura di), La stella e la porpora. Il corteo di Benozzo e l’enigma del Virgilio Riccardiano. Atti del Convegno di Studi (Firenze, 17 maggio 2007), Firenze, Polistampa, 2009, pp. 135-159
• S. Ronchey, Piero, Pisanello e i bizantini al concilio di Ferrara-Firenze, in Piero della Francesca e le corti italiane, catalogo della mostra, Milano, Skira, 2007, pp. 13-19
• S. Ronchey, Andrea, il rifondatore di Bisanzio. Implicazioni ideologiche del ricevimento a Roma della testa del patrono della chiesa ortodossa nella settimana santa del 1462, in M. Koumanoudi e C. Maltezou (a cura di), Dopo le due cadute di Costantinopoli (1204, 1453). Eredi ideologici di Bisanzio. Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi (Venezia, 4-5 dicembre 2006), Venezia, Edizioni dell’Istituto Ellenico di Studi Bizantini e Postbizantini, 2008, pp. 259-272
• S. Ronchey, Il piano di salvataggio di Bisanzio in Morea, in L’Europa dopo la caduta di Costantinopoli: 29 maggio 1453. Atti del XLIV Convegno Storico Internazionale del Centro Italiano di Studi sul Basso Medioevo - Accademia Tudertina (Todi, 7-9 ottobre 2007), Spoleto, Fondazione Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo, 2008, pp. 517-531
• S. Ronchey, Orthodoxy on Sale: the Last Byzantine, and the Lost Crusade, in E. Jeffreys (ed.), Proceedings of the 21st International Congress in Byzantine Studies, London, 21-26 August 2006, I-III, Aldershot, Ashgate, 2006, I, pp. 313-344
• S. Ronchey, Un’aristocratica bizantina in fuga: Anna Notaras Paleologina, in S. Winter (a cura di), Donne a Venezia, Roma, Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura – Centro Tedesco di Studi Veneziani, 2004, pp. 23-42
- Texts in foreign languages:
• E. Pears, The Destruction of the Greek Empire and the Story of the Capture of Constantinople by the Turks, London 1903
• G. Schlumberger, Le siège de Constantinople en 1453, Plon, Paris 1922
• D.M. Nicol, The End of the Byzantine Empire, Edward Arnold Publishers, London 1979
• D.M. Nicol, The Immortal Emperor. The Life and Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans, Cambridge University Press, 1992
• R. Crowley, 1453. The Holy War for Constantinople and the Crash of Islam and the West, Hyperion, New York 2005;
• C. Imber, The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650. The Structure of Power, Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2002

Title of the course: "The old poet teaches": critics and didactics in Horace's poetry
The course will offer an introduction of the historical and literary context of Horace's Epistula ad Augustum (Epist. II 1) and Ars poetica; both woks will be read entirely, interpreted actcommented, paying particular attention to the formal aspects of the exegesis and to the fortune of Horatian poetics.


Possible propedeutics: The course is mostly intended to students who have already accomplished 12 CFU in the field L-FIL-LET/04.

Bibliography:
- Horace, Epistles Book II and ‘Epistle to Pisones (‘Ars poetica’), ed. by N. Rudd (Cambridge University Press 2010).
In the lecturer's online page students will find also: Orazio, Arte poetica, a cura di A. Rostagni (Loescher – fuori commercio) and further material. A complete edition of Horace's Epistles is recommended (e. g. Orazio, Le Lettere, a cura di M. Ramous, Garzanti).
Additional texts will be indicated during the course.

The IV book of Virgil’s Aeneid and Servius’ Commentary.
Petronius’ Novella of the Matron of Ephesus.

Istituzioni di Filologia Latina (testo a cura della docente).
A. Traina - G. Bernardi Perini, Propedeutica al latino universitario, Bologna, 1992
Gian Biagio Conte (ed.), Publius Vergilius Maro, Aeneis, Berlin 2009
G. Thilo-H. Hagen (edd.), Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii
Hildesheim 1961
K. Müller (ed.), Satyricon Reliquiae, München 1991.

Title of the course: History of linguistic communication in Latin

Description of the course: The course will present some aspect of the linguistic communication in Latin, considering its diacron (from the early history to Romance Latin) and its differents levels (standard and informal), on the bases of linguistic documents and evidences of the same historical period of the analysed linguistic phaenomena.

Possible propedeutics: The knowlege of Latin grammar is required.

Bibliography:

- E. Malaspina – E. Malaspina, La comunicazione linguistica in latino. Testimonianze e documenti, Ed. Dell’Orso, 2014.

Title of the course: From the Thirteenth century poetry to Dante's Comedy

Description of the course: The course will deal with the origin of Italian literature, with special regard to the passage from the early thirteenth century poetry to Dante's Comedy. It will be articulated in lesson about the historical background and readings of the texts. Also the methodological and metrical propedeutics will be object of the course.

Bibliography:
- G. Contini, Letteratura italiana delle origini, Milano, BUR Rizzoli;
- F. Suitner, I poeti del medio evo, Roma, Carocci;
- a good edition of the Divine Comedy;
- a general knowledge of the features of Italian lietrature in the Thirteenth century (students can use a highschool handbook)
- Two classics of Italian literature (with the relative critical essays), which be indicated during the course.

N.B. Students who choose not to attend the course are invited to contact the lecturer in order to arrange specific integration to the exam schedule.

Title of the course: Poetry and Rhetoric in the Middle Ages: metaphors in Dante and Petrarch

Description of the course: In Dante and petrarch the strong dynamic coherence between rhetoric an poetic writing works according to experimental and innovative elemens, which different from those of the classical and medieval rhetorical tradition. Nonetheless, it remains their cultural and technical background. Through the analysis of lyrical texts of dante and Petrarch and of the Comedy (in particular the Paradise), the course aims to show the status of metaphor in these two authors, whose work will mark a reference point for the poetic tradition in Italy and abroad.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

- Dante, Commedia (an integral edition provided with commentary)**
- Petrarca, Canzoniere (an integral edition provided with commentary)**
- U. Eco et alii, La metafora nel Medioevo, Milano, CUEM. 2004
- A. Henry, Morfologia della metafora, in Id., Metonimia e metafora, Torino, Einaudi, 1975, pp. 97-146
- H. Weinrich, Metafora e menzogna, Bologna, il Mulino, 1976, pp. 55-103
- La metafora in Dante, a cura di M. Ariani, Firenze, Olschki, 2009
- Dante e la retorica, a cura di L. Marcozzi, Ravenna, Longo, 2017
- L. Marcozzi, Petrarca platonico. Studi sull’immaginario filosofico del Canzoniere, Roma, Aracne, 2011, pp. 13-95
- S. Finazzi, Fusca claritas. La metafora nei Rerum vulgarium fragmenta di Francesco Petrarca, Roma, Aracne, 2011

*OTher bibliografic indication will be possible provided during the course.
**Some commented editions will be indicated during the course.

Dante's first Readers, between verbal and visual exegesis (1321-1340)

The course aims to present a framework of the earliest reception of Dante's Comedy (within 1340), through an analysis of the first commentator and of the most important illuminated manuscripts of the time (especiallyEgerton 943, Dante Chantilly, Riccardianus-Braidensis) The course will start from the analysis of the difficult epistle to Cangrande (through its latest edition); secondly it will take into exam the earliest commentary (especially the prologues) of Iacopo Aligueri and Guido from Pisa, then Iacomo della Lana, The Anonimous theologist and the Florentine Exegesis. The third part of the course will be centred on the exam of the main illuminated manuscipts of the poem and on the analysis of the cncept o visula exegesis, that is what it means to comment a text through images.

- 'Epistola XIII', a cura di L. Azzetta, in 'Nuova edizione commentata delle opere di Dante, vol. V. Epistole. Egloge. Questio de aqua et terra', a cura di Marco Baglio, Luca Azzetta, Marco Petoletti e Michele Rinaldi, Introduzione di Andrea Mazzucchi, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2016
- AZZETTA L., '«Ad intelligenza del la presente Comedia... ». I primi esegeti di fronte al “poema sacro”', in 'Dante e la sua eredità a Ravenna nel Trecento', a cura di Marco Petoletti, Ravenna, Longo, 2014, pp. 87–114
- BELLOMO S., 'Dizionario dei commentatori danteschi. L’esegesi della «Commedia» da Iacopo Alighieri a Nidobeato', Firenze, Olschki, 2004 (Introduzione)
- ID., 'L’interpretazione di Dante nel Tre e nel Quattrocento', in 'Storia della letteratura italiana, IX. La critica letteraria dal Due al Novecento', a cura di Paolo Orvieto, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2003, pp. 131–59
- notepaper about commentators (Iacopo e Pietro Alighieri, Graziolo Bambaglioli, Iacomo della Lana, Anonimo Latino (Anonimo Lombardo e Anonimo Teologo), Ottimo, Amico dell’Ottimo, Andrea Lancia, Guido da Pisa) in 'Censimento dei commenti danteschi, 1. Commenti di tradizione manoscritta (fino al 1480)', a cura di E. Malato e A. Mazzucchi, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2011.

About the figurative tradition of the Comedy:
- BATTAGLIA RICCI L., 'La tradizione iconografica della «Commedia»', in 'Dante e la fabbrica della Commedia'. Atti del Convegno internazionale di studi «Dante e la fabbrica della Commedia» (Ravenna 2006), a cura di D. Domini, G. Gruppioni e A. Cottignoli, Ravenna, Longo, 2008, pp. 239–54
- EAD., 'Un sistema esegetico complesso: il Dante Chantilly di Guido da Pisa', in «Rivista di Studi Danteschi», VIII, 1 (2008), pp. 83–100
- MIGLIO L., 'I commenti danteschi: i commenti figurati', in 'Intorno al testo. Tipologie del corredo esegetico e soluzioni editoriali', Atti del Convegno di Urbino (1-3 ottobre 2001), Roma, Salerno editrice, 2003, pp. 377–401
- PEGORETTI A., 'Il manoscritto Egerton 943 della British Library', in 'Il manoscritto Egerton 943. Dante Alighieri, Commedia. Saggi e commenti', a cura di Marco Santagata, Roma, Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, 2015, pp. 41–87
- ZANICHELLI G. Z., 'L’immagine come glossa. Considerazioni su alcuni frontespizi miniati della «Commedia»', in M.M. DONATO et alii, 'Dante e le arti visive', Milano, Unicopli, 2006, pp. 109-148

The course – intended as a seminar – aims to investigate the multifarious aspects of early 16th-century Roman antiquarian and literary culture (by the papacy of Julius II to the sack of Rome), with particular attention to the relationship of the men of letters with the rediscovery of classical antiquity, archaeology and the arts; and to illustrate the relations maintained with Rome by the protagonists of the literature of that era: Bembo, Castiglione, Ariosto, Bibbiena, Sadoleto, Michelangelo, Cellini, Aretino, and others; the frequency is highly recommended.

The bibliography will be provided from time to time during classes and published with other materials on the website of the lecturer. The lecture notes are an integral part of the bibliography.

Title of the course: In the lexicographer's laboratory

Description of the course: The history of our Language can be retraced also through the dictionaries that, along the time, have described and codified it and that often mirror the specific historical moment during which they were produced. The course is centred on the diacronic and syncronic study of Italian lexicon through lexicography. It will retrace the history of dictionaries in Italy, from their origin up to now, and will take into exam their various typologies and structure of composition.

Bibliography:

- V. Della Valle (2005), Dizionari italiani: storia, tipi, struttura, Roma, Carocci.
- C. Marazzini (2009), L’ordine delle parole. Storia di vocabolari italiani, Bologna, il Mulino: capp. III, VI, VIII.3 (Photocopies provided at lesson).
-V. Della Valle- G.Patota (2016), Lezioni di lessicografia. Storie e cronache di vocabolari, Roma, Carocci

Subject of the course: “Magna Diana Ephesiorum. History of a cultual and iconographical syncretism.

Description of course: The course aims to provide a correct methodology of historical research through the empiric application of analysis methods proper to different kinds of sources. It has the character of a seminar and includes the collection, the analysis and the discussion of various kinds of sources about the syncretistic cult image of the Ephesian Arthemis.

Bibliography:

– R. Fleischer, Artemis von Ephesos und verwandte Kultstatuen aus Anatolien und Syrien, Leiden, Brill, 1973 (Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l’Empire romain, 35).
– M. Gras, Le temple de Diane sur l'Aventin, «Revue des Études Anciennes» 89 (1987), 47-61.
– R. Strelan, Paul, Artemis, and the Jews in Ephesus, Berlin - New York, W. de Gruyter, 1996.
– C. Ampolo, L’Artemide di Marsiglia e la Diana dell’Aventino, «La Parola del Passato» 25/130-133 (1970), 200-210.
– M. Nielsen, ‘Diana Efesia multimammia’. The metamorphoses of a pagan goddess from the Renaissance to the age of Neo-Classicism, in T. Fischer-Hansen - B. Poulsen (eds.), From Artemis to Diana. The Goddess of Man and Beast, Copenhagen 2009, 455-496.
– S. L. Budin, Artemis, London - New York, NY, Routledge, 2016.

● N.B. The indication of texts is merely orientative. Further and more accurate indications will be given during the course.

The course aims to:
- the analysis and interpretation of epigraphical texts pertinent to holders of prefecture of pretoria between I and V century;
- the historical contextualization of the carrers;
- hypothesis on the way the inscriptions were carried out and preserved.

The knowledge of basic Latin and of roman history are required. Stdents are recommendend. to attend the course more than occasionally.

Texts for students attending the course: xerocopies provided dung lessons;
Texts for students who do not attend the course: They are invited to contact the teacher.

The organization and workings of Imperial Rome. The central administration and those of the Provinces. The army’s role.

The course is designed for students enrolled in Laurea Magistrale in Archeology science and methodology of historical and archaeological research (D.M. 270/2004), Laurea Magistrale in Religions Sciences (D.M. 270/2004), Laurea Magistrale in Philology, literature and history of Antiquity (D.M. 270/2004), which already have specific notions of Greek history, Roman history, Greek language and literature, Latin language and literature.

The course consists of 36 hours of lectures that will aim to deepen peculiar and significant issues of the Roman Provinces. The type of bibliography will allow the student to acquire the knowledge of the formation of the provinces, their administration, their relationship with the central power, the army's role. This knowledge will be enriched by the texts of classical authors, transcripts of inscriptions and images that will be provided during the lessons.

• P. ROMANELLI, Le Province e la loro amministrazione, in Guida allostudio della civiltà romana antica, edd. V. Ussani, F. Arnaldi, I, 1964, pp. 331-377.
• F. JACQUES, J. SCHEID, Roma e il suo impero. Istituzioni, economia, religione, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1992.
• E. LO CASCIO, Le tecniche dell'amministrazione, in Storia di Roma, II. L'impero mediterraneo, 2. I principi e il mondo, Torino, Einaudi, 1991, pp. 119-191.
• L. CRACCO RUGGINI, La città imperiale, in Storia di Roma, IV. Caratteri e morfologie, Torino, Einaudi, 1989, pp. 201-266.
• MEYER-ZWIFFELHOFFER, Storia delle Province romane, Universale Paperbacks il Mulino, Bologna, 2011.
• P. GROS, M. TORELLI, Storia dell’urbanistica. Il mondo romano, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1988, pp. 237-426. (reprint 2010).
• G. BEJOR, M.T. GRASSI, S. MAGGI, F. SLAVAZZI, Arte e Archeologia delle Province romane, Mondadori Università, Milano, 2011.


Further bibliographic references and other didactic materials (in particular texts by classical authors, transcriptions of inscriptions, images) will be provided during the lectures.

STUDENTS 509/99 – Bibliographic references and didactic materials should be discussed with the Supervisor.

Course title 2017-2018: Resurrectio mortuorum: texts on the resurrection of the dead (I-III century).

Propedeuticity: The course is propedeutic to that of Letteratura cristiana di età post-costantiniana (Laurea Magistrale).

Description of course. The proclamation of Jesus resurrected by the dead, one of the essential points of the original kerygma (cf 1 Cor 15: 1-11), to be placed in the multiform context of Jewish eschatological expectations, produces among Christians a complex reflection on the resurrection of the dead, which involves the eschatological aspect (when the dead rise?), the anthropological one (how?), the ethical-soteriological one (why? Who rises?) and that leads progressively to define the doctrine. The course aims to conduct some surveys among the most important Christian works of the first three centuries related to this subject, in order to study the evolution of thought, often developped in a controversial form. The course is a seminary and involves the active participation of students, who are required to have knowledge (of high school level) of the Greek and Latin languages. Adaptations to the program are for students who do not know the ancient languages ​​or who can not attend; they are therefore invited to contact the teacher.

Materials for seminars (critical editions and secondary bibliography) will be provided by the teacher.

Course title 2017-2018: Resurrectio mortuorum: texts on the resurrection of the dead (IV-V century).

Prerequisite: The student who intends to attend this course is obliged to follow the one of Letteratura delle origini cristiane (Laurea Magistrale).

Description of course. During the 4th and 5th centuries faith in the resurrection of the dead was the subject of in-depth reflection on the part of Christians from the East and the West. The course aims to conduct some surveys of the most significant works of Greek authors and Latin authors of those centuries, to study the developments of reflection, largely characterized by polemical aspects, concerning such object of faith. The course is seminary and involves the active participation of students, who are required to have knowledge (of high school level) of the Greek and Latin languages. Adaptations to the program are for students who do not know the ancient languages ​​or who can not attend; they are therefore invited to contact the teacher.

Bibliography.
Materials for seminars (critical editions and secondary bibliography) will be provided by the teacher.

H.Y. Gamble, Libri e lettori nella chiesa antica, Paideia, Brescia 2006.
For students who already have Gamble's book in the syllabus of Letteratura delle origini cristiane: B.M. Metzger, Il canone del Nuovo Testamento, Paideia, Brescia 1997.

The course is intended to provide the knowledge about the history of Greek painting. We will try to analyze the forms and contents of painting in the context of the social and political use of painting - painting, theatrical painting, funerary painting. Some relevant topics will be considered in the light of ancient sources and modern studies.

Main reference texts:

S. Miller Grobel, Hellenistic Painting in the Eastern Mediterranean, Mid-Fourth to Mid-First Century B.C.in The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. . 170-237
Riferimenti bibliografici:
M. Stansbury-O’Donnell, Reflections of Monumental Painting in Greek Vase Painting in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries B.C., The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 143-169.
J.J. Pollitt, J. J., Painting in Greek and Graeco-Roman Art Criticism, in The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 288-301
J. Hurwit, The Lost Art : Early Greek Wall and Panel. Painting, 760-480 B.C., The Cambridge history of painting in the classical world, edited by J.J. Pollitt, History of painting in the classical world, New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 66-93
E. M. Moormann, Divine interiors: mural paintings in Greek and Roman sanctuaries, Amsterdem : Amsterdam University Press, 2011, pp. 7-16, 27-29, 39-46.
R. Posamentir, Richard, The polychrome grave stelai from the early Hellenistic necropolis, Austin, TX : University of Texas Press, 2011.

Additional material, provided during the course, will be available at the students
Students not attending should contact the lecturer during the consultation times or by e-mail.

Iconografia cristiana e medievale Laurea magistrale :
Il corso vuole ricostruire la diffusione e le caratteristiche della produzione musiva paleocristiana nel territorio italiano , escludendo Roma.
Verranno considerati i complessi dell'Italia meridionale , con particolare riguardo per il battistero di S. Giovanni in Fonte a Napoli ; di Ravenna;
di Milano. Lo studio verterà sulle questioni archeologiche, iconografiche, stilistiche e storico-artistiche. Si considereranno le tecniche e i sistemi di restauro.
Il corso prevede sopralluoghi.

Bibliografia Magistrale:

"Mosaici paleocristiani d'Italia"


- G. Ferri, I mosaici del battistero di San Giovanni in Fonte a Napoli, Tau Editrice, Todi 2013.

- C. Rizzardi, Il mosaico a Ravenna. Ideologia e Arte, AnteQuem, Bologna 2012.

- F. Bisconti, Imprese musive paleocristiane negli edifici di culto dell'Italia Meridionale. Documenti e monumenti dell'area campana", in AISCOM IV, 1996, pp. 733-746.


Gli studenti non frequentanti devono aggiungere l'Introduzione e 20 temi a scelta da:

-F. Bisconti, Temi di Iconografia Paleocristiana, Città del Vaticano 2000.


Per il programma di Epigrafia del secondo semestre vi aggiornerò più avanti.

Advanced course on linguistic change, its mechanisms and explanations at the different levels of analysis. Grammaticalization, degrammaticalization, reanalysis and their relation with Construction Grammar. Historical grammar of IE languages known by students. Etymology and its bibliografical instruments.

Benedetti, M., 203, “L’etimologia tra storia e tipologia”, in Mancini, M. (a cura di), Il mutamento linguistico, Roma, Carocci, 209-262.
Additional material will be provided during the course.

The public of archeology: from private collecting to the birth of the museum

1. F. Antinucci, Comunicare il museo, Laterza 2004 (o ed. successive)
2. M.C. Ruggeri Tricoli, M.D. Vacirca, L'idea di museo. Archetipi della comunicazione museale nel mondo antico, Lybra 1998
3. M.V. Marini Clarelli, Che cos'è un museo, Carocci 2005 (o ed. successiva)
4. G. Volpe, Patrimonio al futuro. Un manifesto per i beni culturali e il paesaggio, Electa 2015

Frontal lessons with the use of xerocopies and slides. Practic exercises in the Epigraphical collection of the National Roma Museum at the Baths of Diocletian

Knowledge of the Latin language and Roman history are required

Bibliograpghy:

Texts and material provided during the course.

Students who do not attend lessons:
- A. Buonopane, Manuale di epigrafia latina, Roma (Carocci) 2009 [mandatory];

One of the following:
M.L. Caldelli, F. Zevi, M. Cébeillac-Gervasoni, Epigrafia latina. Ostia: cento iscrizioni in contesto, Roma (Quasar) 2010 [328 pp. - € 28,00]: full study.
- Terme di Diocleziano. La collezione epigrafica, a cura di R. Friggeri, M.G. Granino Cecere, G. Gregori, Milano (Electa) 2012 [757 pp. - € 49,00]: mandatory study of Hall I and 4 more halls (any).

The Gothic migration into the Roman Empire: a reading of the XXXI books of Ammianus Marcellinus

The reading of the XXXI books of Ammianus Marcellinus gives evidence of the impact of the Gothic migration on the Danubian side of roman empire and of Roman reaction and its conseguences.

The knowledge od Latin grammar is required.

Bibliography:

- Ammiano Marcellino, Le storie, a cura di A. Selem, UTET, 2014

Substance and Predication in Aristotle

The course will focus on Aristotle's theories of substance and predication. The discussion will cover passages from Aristotle's Categories and Metaphysics VII.

[a] Aristotle, Categories and De Interpretatione, Translated with Notes by J.L. Ackrill, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1963 (rist. 2002), pp. 3-12 (Cat. 1-5); pp. 71-91 (notes);
Aristotle, Metaphysics Books Z and H, Translated with a Commentary by D. Bostock, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1994 (rist. 2003), pp, 1-4; 23-25; 29-31 (Met., VII, 1-3; 13; 17); pp. 45-85; 185-207; 237-247 (Commentary)

[b] R. Dancy, On Some of Aristotle’s First Thoughts About Substances, «Philosophical Review» 84 (1975), pp. 338-373;
R. Dancy, On Some of Aristotle’s Second Thoughts About Substances: Matter, «Philosophical Review»,
87 (1978), pp. 372-413.

Students are allowed to write an essay, in Italian or in English, regarding some of Aristotle’s texts listed in [a]. The preparation of this essay can replace the study of R. Dancy’s articles listed in [b]. For further information please contact Prof. R. Chiaradonna.

the bibliography on topics will be shown during the courses.
The preparation for the exam concerns both to attend lessons and to study the Bibliography shown during the lessons and at the end of each course


The exam of CdL Magistrale regards both oral texts and brief papers (Italian English,French) on the themes of the lessons to submit to the teacher, supported by bibliography shown during the course

Subject of the course: The anagraphè from Lindo and the Marmor Parium

The course aims to provide an advanced knowledge of Greek epigraphy through the exam of two important "cronographical" texts: the so called Cronicle (or anagraphé) of Lindo and the Marmor Parium.

Bibliography:

– F. Jacoby, Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker, vol. 2B (1929) nr. 239.
– G. Maddoli, Il Marmor Parium, in Cronologia e storia. Studi comparati sull’Athenaion Politeia di Aristotele, a cura di G. Maddoli, Perugia 1975, 51-61.
– C. Higbie, The Lindian Chronicle and the Greek Creation of their Past, Oxford - New York, Oxford University Press, 2003.
– J. L. Shaya, Greek temple as museum. The case of the legendary treasure of Athena from Lindos, «American Journal of Archaeology» 109 (2005), 423-442.
– A. Però, La statua di Atena. Agalmatofilia nella Cronaca di Lindos, Milano, LED, 2012 (Filarete. Pubblicazioni della Facoltà di lettere e filosofia dell’Università di Milano, 278).
– A. Rotstein, Literary history in the Parian Marble, Washington, D.C., Center for Hellenic Studies, Trustees for Harvard University, 2016 (Hellenic studies, 68).

● N.B. The indications above are merely orientative. Further and more accurate indications will be provided during the course.

Title of the course: From the Thirteenth century poetry to Dante's Comedy

Description of the course: The course will deal with the origin of Italian literature, with special regard to the passage from the early thirteenth century poetry to Dante's Comedy. It will be articulated in lesson about the historical background and readings of the texts. Also the methodological and metrical propedeutics will be object of the course.

Bibliography:
- G. Contini, Letteratura italiana delle origini, Milano, BUR Rizzoli;
- F. Suitner, I poeti del medio evo, Roma, Carocci;
- a good edition of the Divine Comedy;
- a general knowledge of the features of Italian lietrature in the Thirteenth century (students can use a highschool handbook)
- Two classics of Italian literature (with the relative critical essays), which be indicated during the course.

N.B. Students who choose not to attend the course are invited to contact the lecturer in order to arrange specific integration to the exam schedule.

Title of the course: Poetry and Rhetoric in the Middle Ages: metaphors in Dante and Petrarch

Description of the course: In Dante and petrarch the strong dynamic coherence between rhetoric an poetic writing works according to experimental and innovative elemens, which different from those of the classical and medieval rhetorical tradition. Nonetheless, it remains their cultural and technical background. Through the analysis of lyrical texts of dante and Petrarch and of the Comedy (in particular the Paradise), the course aims to show the status of metaphor in these two authors, whose work will mark a reference point for the poetic tradition in Italy and abroad.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

- Dante, Commedia (an integral edition provided with commentary)**
- Petrarca, Canzoniere (an integral edition provided with commentary)**
- U. Eco et alii, La metafora nel Medioevo, Milano, CUEM. 2004
- A. Henry, Morfologia della metafora, in Id., Metonimia e metafora, Torino, Einaudi, 1975, pp. 97-146
- H. Weinrich, Metafora e menzogna, Bologna, il Mulino, 1976, pp. 55-103
- La metafora in Dante, a cura di M. Ariani, Firenze, Olschki, 2009
- Dante e la retorica, a cura di L. Marcozzi, Ravenna, Longo, 2017
- L. Marcozzi, Petrarca platonico. Studi sull’immaginario filosofico del Canzoniere, Roma, Aracne, 2011, pp. 13-95
- S. Finazzi, Fusca claritas. La metafora nei Rerum vulgarium fragmenta di Francesco Petrarca, Roma, Aracne, 2011

*OTher bibliografic indication will be possible provided during the course.
**Some commented editions will be indicated during the course.

Attending students:
- slides in ppt, lesson notes and supplementary learning material that will be provided during the course.
Non-Attending Students:
- A.Cantile, Lineamenti di storia della Cartografia, Roma, Geoweb, 2013 (vol. I, Dalle origini al Cinquecento).
- D. Woodward, Cartografia a stampa nell'Italia del Rinascimento: produttori, distributori e destinatari, Bergamo 2002.

Attending students:
- slides in ppt, lesson notes and supplementary learning material that will be provided during the course.
Non-Attending Students:
- A.Cantile, Lineamenti di storia della Cartografia, Roma, Geoweb, 2013 (vol. I, Dalle origini al Cinquecento).
- D. Woodward, Cartografia a stampa nell'Italia del Rinascimento: produttori, distributori e destinatari, Bergamo 2002.

Title of the course: Questions of Greek metrics. The lyrical sections in Euripides' Medea.

Description of the course: the course will take into exam some general problem of Greek metrics. The second part will be reserved to analysis of the lyrical section of Euripides' Medea.

Possible propedeutics: attendance is recommended. The course implies the knowledge of the Greek language

Bibliography:

The texts which will be object of metrical analysis will be provided during the lessons.
- B. Gentili- L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95
- Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

Title of the course: Claudius' principate in the opinion of his contemporary and in modern historiography

The course aims to present and discuss the opinions expressed on Emperor Claudius' personality by his contemporary, in particular Seneca and the historian and biographers who lived few years later, such as Suetonius and Tacitus. Moreover, the course will analyse Claudius' figure in modern historiography. The course includes lessons on the polictical Roman lexicon and a seminar, in which scholars who have recently studied the Julio-Claudian age, will take part.

Bibliography:

- Suetonius, Claudius' life (any edition)
- Seneca, De Clementia (any edition)
- Seneca, Consolation to Polybius (any edition)
- A. Momigliano, L'opera dell'imperatore Claudio (edited by D. Faoro), Jouvence, Napoli 2016
- G. Geraci – A. Marcone, Storia romana, Editio Maior, Roma-Bari 2017.


Additional books for students who d attend the course:
- J. Scheid – Fr. Jacques, Roma e il suo Impero. Istituzioni, economia, religione, Laterza, Roma-Bari 20155
- F. Guidetti, L’Impero romano in 100 date, Dalla Porta, Pisa 2016

Description of the course: The course is articulated in frontal lessons and analysis of materials. it aims to present an introduction to the study of Language in reference to its users and to the context. subjects matters: different approaches to the study of pragmatic lingustics.

Bibliography:
- Caffi, C., Pragmatica. Sei lezioni, Carocci.
- Orletti, Fra conversazione e discorso, Carocci.
- Levinson, La pragmatica, Il Mulino.

Title of the course: A doctrinale dispute in the Court of Charles the Bald: The treatise De anima written by Ratramnus of Corbie

Description: The course aims first of all to outline, in broad terms, the developments of a theme - that of the soul - dear to the tradition of Western thought from its beginnings, and capable, in addition to incessantly nourishing the philosophical and religious reflection of high level, also of having a singular impact on the mentality, on the imaginary, on the life conduct, on the self-perception and representation of man in Western culture, and in particular in the Latin Middle Ages. A work will then be analyzed, the De anima by Ratramnus of Corbie, of a typically dossographic character, composed (853 ca.) at the request of Charles the Bald, within the framework of one of the lively debates that animated the intellectual life of the Carolingian court. While not aiming for a complete discussion of the subject in question, the work stands out as a significant contribution to the reflection on the problem of the relationship between the soul and the category of place. - As part of the module will also be activated exercises designed to guide the knowledge and use of the main electronic resources for the study and research on the Latin authors of the Middle Ages.

Bibliography:
- A. Wilmart, L’opuscule inédit de Ratramne sur la nature de l'âme, in Revue Bénédictine 43 (1931), pp. 207-223.
- Ph. Delhaye, Une controverse sur l’âme universelle au IXe siècle, Louvain 1950.
- J.-P. Bouhot, Ratramne de Corbie. Histoire littéraire et controverses doctrinales, Paris 1976 (Collection des Études Augustiniennes, Série Moyen Âge et Temps modernes [EAMA] 6).
- Anima e corpo nella cultura medievale, a cura di C. Casagrande e S. Vecchio, Ed. SISMEL, Firenze 1999 (Millennio medievale, 15).

The course is aimed to the study of ancient Greek and Latin papyri, paying special attention to their value in philogical and historical studies.

The knowledge of ancient Greek and Latin are required. Students who do not attend the course are invited to contact the teacher.

Bibliography:


— O. Montevecchi, La papirologia, Vita e Pensiero, Milano 19882 (e ristampe).

The handbook in program is at the moment not available for sale. Alternatively students can use:

— M. Capasso, Introduzione alla Papirologia, Il Mulino, Bologna 2005 (e ristampe);

Subject of the course: The Images of Jesus of Edessa: origins and development of a legend from late antiquity to the Middle Ages

the course aimes to retrace the complex history of the icon of Christ from Edessa through the critical analysis of a selection of literary (Greek, Sirian, Latin and Paleoslavic) and iconographical sources.

Students attending the course a required to write a short essay on one aspect of the legend.

Bibliography:

For students attending the course:
- A. Nicolotti, Dal Mandylion di Edessa alla Sindone di Torino. Metamorfosi di una leggenda [Collana di studi del Centro di scienze religiose 3], Alessandria, Edizioni dell’Orso 20152

For students who do not attend the course:
- A. Nicolotti, Dal Mandylion di Edessa alla Sindone di Torino. Metamorfosi di una leggenda [Collana di studi del Centro di scienze religiose 3], Alessandria, Edizioni dell’Orso 20152

One texts among the following:
- E. Kitzinger, Il culto delle immagini. L'arte bizantina dal cristianesimo delle origini all'Iconoclastia, trad. it. Firenze, La Nuova Italia, 1992
- E. Fogliadini, Il volto di Cristo: gli acherotipi del Salvatore nella tradizione dell’Oriente cristiano, Milano, Jaca Book,2011.
- M. Illert, Die Abgarlegende. Das Christusbild von Edessa, Turnhout, Brepols 2007 (con traduzione in tedesco della più completa rassegna di testi).
- E. von Dobschütz, Immagini di Cristo, a cura di G. Lingua, Milano, Medusa, 2006.

Subject of the course: 29 may 1453: The fall of Constatinople in the historiographical evidences and in the "voices of the spies"


There are some days that can change history, dates that become symbols. If we were to choose the date that for most aspects marks the beginning of Modern Age, we must indicate 29 May 1453, the date of the fall (or the conquer, according to another perspective) of Byzantine empire, that is of Roman empire. The second part of the course of BYZANTINE CULTURE aims to investigate the causes and the process of the fall/conquer of Constantinople and its direct and indirect consequences on the Mediterranean culture.

Bibliography:

- mandatory texts:

• S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
• A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

- Optional texts to add:
• G. Ostrogorsky, Storia dell’impero bizantino, Einaudi Tascabili 2005
• A. Pertusi, Testi inediti e poco noti sulla caduta di Costantinopoli. Edizione postuma a c. di A. Carile, Pàtron, Bologna 1983
• A. Pertusi, Fine di Bisanzio e fine del mondo. Significato e ruolo storico delle profezie sulla caduta di Costantinopoli in Oriente e in Occidente. Edizione postuma a c. di E. Morini, Istituto Storico Italiano per il Medio Evo, Roma 1988
• S. Runciman, Gli ultimi giorni di Costantinopoli (trad. it.), Piemme, Casale Monferrato, 1997
• S. Ronchey, Bisanzio veramente ‘volle cadere’? Realismo politico e avventura storica da Alessio I Comneno al Mediterraneo di Braudel, “Quaderni di Storia” 52 (luglio/dicembre 2000), pp. 137-158
• S. Ronchey, Malatesta/Paleologhi. Un’alleanza dinastica per rifondare Bisanzio nel quindicesimo secolo, “Byzantinische Zeitschrift” 93 (2000), ii, pp. 521-567
• S. Ronchey, Il “salvataggio occidentale” di Bisanzio. Una lettera di Enea Silvio Piccolomini e l’allegoria pittorica di Bisanzio nel primo Rinascimento, in C.A. Maltezou e P. Schreiner (a cura di), Bisanzio, Venezia e il mondo franco-greco (XIII-XV secolo) (Atti del Colloquio Internazionale organizzato nel centenario della nascita di Raymond-Joseph Loenertz O.P., Venezia, 1-2 dicembre 2000), Venezia, Istituto Ellenico di Studi Bizantini e Postbizantini, 2002, pp. 125-150 e 529-544
• S. Ronchey, Tommaso Paleologo al Concilio di Firenze, in G. Lazzi e G. Wolf (a cura di), La stella e la porpora. Il corteo di Benozzo e l’enigma del Virgilio Riccardiano. Atti del Convegno di Studi (Firenze, 17 maggio 2007), Firenze, Polistampa, 2009, pp. 135-159
• S. Ronchey, Piero, Pisanello e i bizantini al concilio di Ferrara-Firenze, in Piero della Francesca e le corti italiane, catalogo della mostra, Milano, Skira, 2007, pp. 13-19
• S. Ronchey, Andrea, il rifondatore di Bisanzio. Implicazioni ideologiche del ricevimento a Roma della testa del patrono della chiesa ortodossa nella settimana santa del 1462, in M. Koumanoudi e C. Maltezou (a cura di), Dopo le due cadute di Costantinopoli (1204, 1453). Eredi ideologici di Bisanzio. Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi (Venezia, 4-5 dicembre 2006), Venezia, Edizioni dell’Istituto Ellenico di Studi Bizantini e Postbizantini, 2008, pp. 259-272
• S. Ronchey, Il piano di salvataggio di Bisanzio in Morea, in L’Europa dopo la caduta di Costantinopoli: 29 maggio 1453. Atti del XLIV Convegno Storico Internazionale del Centro Italiano di Studi sul Basso Medioevo - Accademia Tudertina (Todi, 7-9 ottobre 2007), Spoleto, Fondazione Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo, 2008, pp. 517-531
• S. Ronchey, Orthodoxy on Sale: the Last Byzantine, and the Lost Crusade, in E. Jeffreys (ed.), Proceedings of the 21st International Congress in Byzantine Studies, London, 21-26 August 2006, I-III, Aldershot, Ashgate, 2006, I, pp. 313-344
• S. Ronchey, Un’aristocratica bizantina in fuga: Anna Notaras Paleologina, in S. Winter (a cura di), Donne a Venezia, Roma, Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura – Centro Tedesco di Studi Veneziani, 2004, pp. 23-42
- Texts in foreign languages:
• E. Pears, The Destruction of the Greek Empire and the Story of the Capture of Constantinople by the Turks, London 1903
• G. Schlumberger, Le siège de Constantinople en 1453, Plon, Paris 1922
• D.M. Nicol, The End of the Byzantine Empire, Edward Arnold Publishers, London 1979
• D.M. Nicol, The Immortal Emperor. The Life and Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans, Cambridge University Press, 1992
• R. Crowley, 1453. The Holy War for Constantinople and the Crash of Islam and the West, Hyperion, New York 2005;
• C. Imber, The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650. The Structure of Power, Palgrave Macmillan, New York 2002

Title of the course: "The old poet teaches": critics and didactics in Horace's poetry
The course will offer an introduction of the historical and literary context of Horace's Epistula ad Augustum (Epist. II 1) and Ars poetica; both woks will be read entirely, interpreted actcommented, paying particular attention to the formal aspects of the exegesis and to the fortune of Horatian poetics.


Possible propedeutics: The course is mostly intended to students who have already accomplished 12 CFU in the field L-FIL-LET/04.

Bibliography:
- Horace, Epistles Book II and ‘Epistle to Pisones (‘Ars poetica’), ed. by N. Rudd (Cambridge University Press 2010).
In the lecturer's online page students will find also: Orazio, Arte poetica, a cura di A. Rostagni (Loescher – fuori commercio) and further material. A complete edition of Horace's Epistles is recommended (e. g. Orazio, Le Lettere, a cura di M. Ramous, Garzanti).
Additional texts will be indicated during the course.

The IV book of Virgil’s Aeneid and Servius’ Commentary.
Petronius’ Novella of the Matron of Ephesus.

Istituzioni di Filologia Latina (testo a cura della docente).
A. Traina - G. Bernardi Perini, Propedeutica al latino universitario, Bologna, 1992
Gian Biagio Conte (ed.), Publius Vergilius Maro, Aeneis, Berlin 2009
G. Thilo-H. Hagen (edd.), Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii
Hildesheim 1961
K. Müller (ed.), Satyricon Reliquiae, München 1991.

Title of the course: History of linguistic communication in Latin

Description of the course: The course will present some aspect of the linguistic communication in Latin, considering its diacron (from the early history to Romance Latin) and its differents levels (standard and informal), on the bases of linguistic documents and evidences of the same historical period of the analysed linguistic phaenomena.

Possible propedeutics: The knowlege of Latin grammar is required.

Bibliography:

- E. Malaspina – E. Malaspina, La comunicazione linguistica in latino. Testimonianze e documenti, Ed. Dell’Orso, 2014.

Title of the course: From the Thirteenth century poetry to Dante's Comedy

Description of the course: The course will deal with the origin of Italian literature, with special regard to the passage from the early thirteenth century poetry to Dante's Comedy. It will be articulated in lesson about the historical background and readings of the texts. Also the methodological and metrical propedeutics will be object of the course.

Bibliography:
- G. Contini, Letteratura italiana delle origini, Milano, BUR Rizzoli;
- F. Suitner, I poeti del medio evo, Roma, Carocci;
- a good edition of the Divine Comedy;
- a general knowledge of the features of Italian lietrature in the Thirteenth century (students can use a highschool handbook)
- Two classics of Italian literature (with the relative critical essays), which be indicated during the course.

N.B. Students who choose not to attend the course are invited to contact the lecturer in order to arrange specific integration to the exam schedule.

Title of the course: Poetry and Rhetoric in the Middle Ages: metaphors in Dante and Petrarch

Description of the course: In Dante and petrarch the strong dynamic coherence between rhetoric an poetic writing works according to experimental and innovative elemens, which different from those of the classical and medieval rhetorical tradition. Nonetheless, it remains their cultural and technical background. Through the analysis of lyrical texts of dante and Petrarch and of the Comedy (in particular the Paradise), the course aims to show the status of metaphor in these two authors, whose work will mark a reference point for the poetic tradition in Italy and abroad.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

- Dante, Commedia (an integral edition provided with commentary)**
- Petrarca, Canzoniere (an integral edition provided with commentary)**
- U. Eco et alii, La metafora nel Medioevo, Milano, CUEM. 2004
- A. Henry, Morfologia della metafora, in Id., Metonimia e metafora, Torino, Einaudi, 1975, pp. 97-146
- H. Weinrich, Metafora e menzogna, Bologna, il Mulino, 1976, pp. 55-103
- La metafora in Dante, a cura di M. Ariani, Firenze, Olschki, 2009
- Dante e la retorica, a cura di L. Marcozzi, Ravenna, Longo, 2017
- L. Marcozzi, Petrarca platonico. Studi sull’immaginario filosofico del Canzoniere, Roma, Aracne, 2011, pp. 13-95
- S. Finazzi, Fusca claritas. La metafora nei Rerum vulgarium fragmenta di Francesco Petrarca, Roma, Aracne, 2011

*OTher bibliografic indication will be possible provided during the course.
**Some commented editions will be indicated during the course.

Dante's first Readers, between verbal and visual exegesis (1321-1340)

The course aims to present a framework of the earliest reception of Dante's Comedy (within 1340), through an analysis of the first commentator and of the most important illuminated manuscripts of the time (especiallyEgerton 943, Dante Chantilly, Riccardianus-Braidensis) The course will start from the analysis of the difficult epistle to Cangrande (through its latest edition); secondly it will take into exam the earliest commentary (especially the prologues) of Iacopo Aligueri and Guido from Pisa, then Iacomo della Lana, The Anonimous theologist and the Florentine Exegesis. The third part of the course will be centred on the exam of the main illuminated manuscipts of the poem and on the analysis of the cncept o visula exegesis, that is what it means to comment a text through images.

- 'Epistola XIII', a cura di L. Azzetta, in 'Nuova edizione commentata delle opere di Dante, vol. V. Epistole. Egloge. Questio de aqua et terra', a cura di Marco Baglio, Luca Azzetta, Marco Petoletti e Michele Rinaldi, Introduzione di Andrea Mazzucchi, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2016
- AZZETTA L., '«Ad intelligenza del la presente Comedia... ». I primi esegeti di fronte al “poema sacro”', in 'Dante e la sua eredità a Ravenna nel Trecento', a cura di Marco Petoletti, Ravenna, Longo, 2014, pp. 87–114
- BELLOMO S., 'Dizionario dei commentatori danteschi. L’esegesi della «Commedia» da Iacopo Alighieri a Nidobeato', Firenze, Olschki, 2004 (Introduzione)
- ID., 'L’interpretazione di Dante nel Tre e nel Quattrocento', in 'Storia della letteratura italiana, IX. La critica letteraria dal Due al Novecento', a cura di Paolo Orvieto, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2003, pp. 131–59
- notepaper about commentators (Iacopo e Pietro Alighieri, Graziolo Bambaglioli, Iacomo della Lana, Anonimo Latino (Anonimo Lombardo e Anonimo Teologo), Ottimo, Amico dell’Ottimo, Andrea Lancia, Guido da Pisa) in 'Censimento dei commenti danteschi, 1. Commenti di tradizione manoscritta (fino al 1480)', a cura di E. Malato e A. Mazzucchi, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2011.

About the figurative tradition of the Comedy:
- BATTAGLIA RICCI L., 'La tradizione iconografica della «Commedia»', in 'Dante e la fabbrica della Commedia'. Atti del Convegno internazionale di studi «Dante e la fabbrica della Commedia» (Ravenna 2006), a cura di D. Domini, G. Gruppioni e A. Cottignoli, Ravenna, Longo, 2008, pp. 239–54
- EAD., 'Un sistema esegetico complesso: il Dante Chantilly di Guido da Pisa', in «Rivista di Studi Danteschi», VIII, 1 (2008), pp. 83–100
- MIGLIO L., 'I commenti danteschi: i commenti figurati', in 'Intorno al testo. Tipologie del corredo esegetico e soluzioni editoriali', Atti del Convegno di Urbino (1-3 ottobre 2001), Roma, Salerno editrice, 2003, pp. 377–401
- PEGORETTI A., 'Il manoscritto Egerton 943 della British Library', in 'Il manoscritto Egerton 943. Dante Alighieri, Commedia. Saggi e commenti', a cura di Marco Santagata, Roma, Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, 2015, pp. 41–87
- ZANICHELLI G. Z., 'L’immagine come glossa. Considerazioni su alcuni frontespizi miniati della «Commedia»', in M.M. DONATO et alii, 'Dante e le arti visive', Milano, Unicopli, 2006, pp. 109-148

The course – intended as a seminar – aims to investigate the multifarious aspects of early 16th-century Roman antiquarian and literary culture (by the papacy of Julius II to the sack of Rome), with particular attention to the relationship of the men of letters with the rediscovery of classical antiquity, archaeology and the arts; and to illustrate the relations maintained with Rome by the protagonists of the literature of that era: Bembo, Castiglione, Ariosto, Bibbiena, Sadoleto, Michelangelo, Cellini, Aretino, and others; the frequency is highly recommended.

The bibliography will be provided from time to time during classes and published with other materials on the website of the lecturer. The lecture notes are an integral part of the bibliography.

Title of the course: In the lexicographer's laboratory

Description of the course: The history of our Language can be retraced also through the dictionaries that, along the time, have described and codified it and that often mirror the specific historical moment during which they were produced. The course is centred on the diacronic and syncronic study of Italian lexicon through lexicography. It will retrace the history of dictionaries in Italy, from their origin up to now, and will take into exam their various typologies and structure of composition.

Bibliography:

- V. Della Valle (2005), Dizionari italiani: storia, tipi, struttura, Roma, Carocci.
- C. Marazzini (2009), L’ordine delle parole. Storia di vocabolari italiani, Bologna, il Mulino: capp. III, VI, VIII.3 (Photocopies provided at lesson).
-V. Della Valle- G.Patota (2016), Lezioni di lessicografia. Storie e cronache di vocabolari, Roma, Carocci