The course is organized in 5 units as follows:
PART 1 – EM PROPAGATION AND MATCHING CIRCUITS
EM modeling of guiding structures, Real matching circuits for guiding structures, Narrowband and Wideband matching networks, Wideband binomial and Chebyshev impedance transformers.
PART 2 – MICROWAVE NETWORKS: MODELS AND PROPERTIES
Matrix representations of microwave networks (Matrix ABCD, Impedance and admittance matrices, Scattering matrix and relationships to each other), Scattering matrix [S] of a N-port network, Properties of a component: Reciprocity, Matching and Lossless, Signal flow representation of the scattering matrix, Analysis of a complex microwave network and design of matching networks.
PART 3 – THREE-PORT COMPONENTS
Analysis of a three-port network, Analysis and design of a Circulator, Analysis and design of Power Dividers (Junction dividers, Lossy dividers, Wilkinson dividers) in balanced and unbalanced configuration).
PART 4 – FOUR-PORT COMPONENTS
Analysis of a four-port network, Properties of Directional Couplers (DC), Analysis of symmetric and antisymmetric directional couplers, Analysis of hybrid directional couplers, Design of directional couplers.
PART 5 – DESIGN OF MICROWAVE NETWORKS AND ADVANCED COMPONENTS
Introduction to the design of microwave and millimeter-wave networks (filters and small signal microwave amplifier). Introduction to the use of electromagnetic and microwave circuit CAD software. Introduction to microwave and millimeter-wave components based on metamaterials for radar, satellite and wireless communication application.

The text books used as reference for the course are:
1) Notes available on Teams
2) “Microwave engineering”, autore David Pozar, editore Wiley
3) “Electromagnetic Waves and Antennas”, autore S.J. Orfanidis (free book online)
4) “Microwave solid state circuit design”, autori: I Bahl e P. Bhartia, editore: Wiley
5) “Foundation of Microwave Engineering”, autore: Robert E. Collin, editore: Wiley
6) “The stripline circulator: Theory and practice” , autore: J. Helszajn, editore: Wiley

Discrete signals and systems. Operations between sequences. Scale changes. Digital transforms. Filtering. Linear system analysis. Optimum filters. Digital estimators and performance. Prediction. Spectral estimators. Speech and video coding. Software defined radio. Smart antennas. Spread spectrum signals and codes. Differences between TDMA, FDMA e CDMA. Mobile applications.
Laboratory of numerical examples by MatLab platform.
Further details at: https://sp4te.uniroma3.it/elaborazione

G. Giunta, "Problemi di base di elaborazione numerica dei segnali" - IV edizione, Roma.
Tamal Bose, Francois Meyer, "Digital Signal And Image Processing", December 2003, Wiley Publ.
G. Giunta, Lucidi del corso (Scaricabili Dal Sito Web Del Corso).
A.V. Oppenheim, R.W. Shafer, J.R. Buck, "Discrete-Time Signal Processing", Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, Nj (USA), 1999.

Elements of Information Theory: Entropy, Relative Entropy, and Mutual Information. Joint Entropy and Conditional Entropy. Sufficient Statistics. Fano's Inequality. Lossless source coding. Optimal Codes. Bounds on the Optimal Code Length. Kraft Inequality for Uniquely Decodable Codes. Huffman Codes. Optimality of Huffman Codes. Shannon-Fano-Elias Coding. Universal Source Coding. Universal Coding for Binary Sequences. Arithmetic Coding. Lempel-Ziv Coding.
Mutual Information and equivocation. Channel Capacity. Properties of Channel Capacity. Examples of Channel Capacity: Binary Symmetric and Gaussian Channels. Channel Coding Theorem. Fano's Inequality and the Converse to the Coding Theorem. Source-Channel Separation Theorem.
Rate Distortion Theory. Scalar Quantization. Max-Lloyd quantizer. Vector Quantization. Linde, Buzo, and Gray algorithm.
Audio signals coding. Characteristics of the human auditory sytem, perception of complex audio signals, absolute threshold of hearing, critical bandwith, Anatomy and physiology of the basilar membrane. Masking mechanisms.
Speech coding in the time domain: G.711, G.726 e G.727. Model based coding: G729. Audio coding in the transform domain: MPEG 1 layer I, II e III, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4.
Image coding elements: the Discrete Cosine Transform. JPEG encoding.
Channel Coding. Linear Block Codes. Generator Matrix. Block Codes in Systematic Form
Parity Check Matrix. Syndrome Error Detection. Minimum Distance of a Block Code. Error-Correction Capability of a Block Code. Syndrome Detection and the Standard Array. Hamming Codes. Reed-Solomon Codes.
Convolutional Codes. Convolutional Encoder Representations. Distance Properties of Convolutional Codes. Maximum Likelihood Detection. Markov chains. Decoding of Convolutional Codes: The Viterbi Algorithm. Error Probability Analysis for Convolutional Codes. Hard and Soft Decisions. Punctured Convolutional Codes and Rate-Compatible Schemes.
Concatenated encoders, Recursive Systematic Convolutional Encoders. Turbo Encoders. Construction Methods for Turbo Codes: Interleavers, Code Concatenation Methods. Turbo Code Performance as a Function of Size and Type of Interleaver . Decoding of Turbo Codes: The Turbo Decoder, Probabilities and Estimate, Symbol Detection, The Log Likelihood Ratio. The BCJR MAP Algorithm and the LLR Calculation. Turbo Decoding
Forward Error Correction and Automatic Repeat ReQuest. Forward Error Correction. Automatic Repeat ReQuest. ARQ Schemes. ARQ Scheme Efficiencies. Hybrid-ARQ Schemes.
Low-Density Parity Check Codes. Description of LDPC Codes. Construction of LDPC Codes. Decoding of LDPC Codes: The Tanner Graph. Decoding Algorithm for LDPC Codes
Packet oriented channel coding: Fountain and Raptor Codes.
Estimation Theory. Minimum Mean Square Error estimator: general solution an Gaussian in Gaussian estimate. Minimum Mean Magnitude error estimator. Maximum Posterior Probability and Maximum Likelihood estimates. Cramèr Rao lower bound for monodimensional and multidimensional estimates. Efficient estimators. Fisher’s Information Matrix. Time of arrival estimation. Joint time and Doppler shift estimation. Wavelet transform and multiresolution analysis. Signal restoration based on wavelet transform shrinking.

A. Neri. " Appunti dalle lezioni di Teoria dell’Informazione e Codici ". Freely available at http://elearning.dia.uniroma3.it/moodle/.

Additional books freely available in the e-book collection of ROMA TRE Biblioteca di Area Scientifico-tecnologica (http://host.uniroma3.it/biblioteche/page.php?page=collezion0)
Elements of information theory
Thomas M. Cover, Joy A. Thomas,
2. ed., 2006
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Essentials of error-control coding
Jorge Castiñeira Moreira, Patrick Guy Farrell,
c2006
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Part I – Interaction between the electromagnetic field and natural materials
Foundations of electromagnetic field theory. Macroscopic response of natural materials. Constitutive relations and material classification. Linearity. Dispersion. Locality. Stationary and homogeneous materials. Causality and Kramers- Kronig relations. Electric response of natural materials. Material polarization. Electronic, atomic/ionic, orientation, interface polarization mechanisms. Lorentz model: derivation and discussion. Drude model: derivation and discussion. Magnetic response of natural materials. Electrodynamic response of a magnetized ferrite.

Part II – Interaction between the electromagnetic field and artificial materials
Artificial electromagnetic materials. Historical perspective. Chiral materials. Microscopic response of matter. Polarizability concept. Electric polarizability of a dielectric sphere. Magnetic polarizability of a metallic loop. Electric polarizability of a metallic strip. Electric polarizability of a metallic loop. Polarizabilities of the metallic omega particle. Magneto-electric effect. Local field and interaction field. From microscopic to macroscopic response. Homogenization techniques. Maxwell-Garnett formula. Clausius-Mossotti formula. Bruggeman formula. Energy density for dispersive materials. Causality and energy conservation: frequency behavior of the constitutive parameters. Anomalous dispersion. Introduction to metamaterials. Historical overview. Metamaterials and their definitions. Original studies by Victor Veselago. Negative index of refraction. Negative-index materials and their first implementation. Metamaterial terminology. Artificial electric materials with negative permittivity. The wire medium. The parallel-plate medium. Noble metals at optical frequencies. Artificial electric materials in the visible. Epsilon-near-zero metamaterials. Natural and artificial magnetism. The split-ring resonator: concept, analysis, and design. Miniaturization of magnetic particles. The Multiple Split-Ring Resonator: concept, analysis, and design. The Spiral Resonator: concept, analysis, and design. The Labyrinth Resonator: concept, analysis, and design. Modelling of metallic particles in the visible. The kinetic inductance of electrons. The fishnet structure. Route towards negative index material in optics. Optical magnetism.

Part III – Interaction between the electromagnetic field and living matter
Introduction to bio-electromagnetism. Historical overview and impact. Electric modeling of living tissues. Interaction mechanism, biological/health effects. Physical quantities to determine the risk. Dosimetry and exposure limits. European and national regulation.

Part IV – Electromagnetic invisibility, imaging and sensing
Conceptually new electromagnetic devices based on the use of metamaterials: invisibility cloaks, superlenses, hyperlenses.
Cloaking. Reduction of object observability. Stealth and RAM technologies. Electromagnetic invisibility concept. Total scattering cross section. Absorption cross section. Optical theorem. Definition of an ideal invisibility cloak. Figure of merit of non-ideal cloaks. Transformation electromagnetics as a route to invisibility. Alternative approaches to cloaking. Main limitations and assessment. Scattering cancellation approach to cloaking. Volumetric cloaks for cylindrical and spherical objects: analysis and design. Cloaking objects with other shapes. Cloaking a cone. Implementation of scattering cancellation based volumetric cloaks at microwave and optical frequencies. Mantle cloaking: concept, modelling, design, and implementation. Cloaking applications: reduction and manipulation of optical forces. Reduction of the Casimir effect.
Imaging and sensing. The optical lens and the diffraction limit. Superlenses: concept, physical aspects, and design. Hyperlenses: concept, physical aspects, and design. Near-field-scanning optical microscope (NSOM). Aperture and apertureless NSOM tips. Advanced imaging with partially cloaked tips. Electromagnetic sensors. Biological sensors.

Notes provided by the lecturer.

Kerberos e Diameter
Sicurezza IP
Web security
Authentication
Intrusion detection
Honey pot
Android security
Cloud security
Big data security
Forensics
Digital watermarking

Stallings’ Cryptography and Network Security, Seventh Edition

Statistics
inference and statistical hypothesis testing
regression
Machine Learning
classification (supervised learning)
decision trees, random forests, naïve Bayes, linear discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machines
clustering (unsupervised learning)
k-means clustering
hierarchical clustering
data modeling
principal component analysis, indipendent component analysis, outlier detection and data cleansing, hidden Markov models
deep learning & CNN
Processing
parallel processing
examples in Matlab & Python
Data analytics in business applications
Students' presentations

S. Nolan and T. Heinzen, "Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences"
G. James, D. Witten, T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, "An Introduction to Statistical Learning"
K. P. Murphy, "Machine Learning - A Probabilistic Perspective"
S. Theodoridis and K. Koutroumbas, "Pattern Recognition"
T. A. Runkler, "Data Analytics - Models and Algorithms for Intelligent Data Analysis"
I. Goodfellow, Y. Bengio, A. Courville, "Deep Learning"

Further material provided by the teacher

Fundamentals of electromagnetic radiation and antenna parameters. Radiation from a short current filament. Radiation from a small current loop. Radiation from arbitrary current distribution. Half-wave dipole antennas. Antenna impedance. Folded dipole, short dipole, and monopole antennas.

Receiving antennas. Reciprocity theorem and effective area. Polarization mismatch. Friis transmission formula. Noise in communication systems. Noise temperature of an antenna.

Introduction to antenna arrays. Uniform one-dimensional arrays. End-fire and broadside arrays. Uniform two-dimensional arrays. Array design. Binomial and polynomial arrays, Chebyshev method. Feeding networks, Butler Matrices. Parasitic and log-periodic arrays.

Aperture antennas. Analysis and synthesis. Radiation from a planar aperture: the Fourier transform method. Radiation from rectangular and circular aperture. Application of field-equivalence principles to aperture radiation. Open waveguides and horn antennas. Ray optics. Microwave lens. Paraboloidal reflector antennas: efficiency, directivity, cross-polarization. Induced current method. Feeds with low cross-polarization. Dual reflector systems. Radiation from slots. Microstrip antennas. Artificial periodic media. Electromagnetic Band-Gap media and their application to antennas.

Scattering of the radiation: general environment and canonical cases. Plane-wave scattering by a conducting cylinder, E- and H- polarization. Dielectric cylinder.

A. Paraboni, M. D’Amico, “Radiopropagazione” Mc Graw-Hill Libri Italia.
A. Paraboni, "Antenne", Mc Graw-Hill Libri Italia.
C. Balanis, "Antenna theory, analysis and design", 3rd edition, Wiley,
Robert E. Collin, "Antennas and Radiowave propagation", McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Propagation between fixed points: presence of earth, surface waves and reflection from flat surface. Refractive index of a ionized medium. Ray curvature a ionospheric plasma.

Teaching material:
- Notes and slides of the Course available on the Moodle area of the course

Biometrics fundamentals: identity and biometrics. Introduction to biometric systems. Biometric applications.
Biometric modalities. Physical: fingerprints, face (2D and 3D), hand geometry, palmprint, vein patterns, iris, thermography). Behavioral: signature, voice, keystroke, gait, lip motion). Cognitive (electroencephalografic signals and responses from the peripheral nervous system.
Biometric system design: biometric system architecture. Biometric system design stages: system requirements, system specification, architecture, implementation, deployment, and maintenance.
System testing: FAR, FRR, FTE, FTA, curves ROC, DET, CMC, usability, and scalability
Sicurezza, vulnerabilità, e privacy di un sistema biometrico: attacchi ad un sistema biometrico, protezione del template (criptosistemi biometrici, "cancelable templates").
Security, vulnerability, and privacy of a biometric system: attacks, privacy enhancing technologies (PETs).
Multimodal biometric systems.
Biometric Standards.
Social, cultural, and legal implications.

Introduction to Biometrics, Anil K. Jain , Arun A. Ross , Karthik Nandakumar, Springer, 2011.
Handbook of Biometrics , A. K. Jain, P. Flynn, A. Ross, Springer, 2007.
Handbook of Multibiometrics, A. A. Ross, K. Nandakumar, and Anil K. Jain, Springer, 2006.

Mobile networks with shared access. Networks and services plans, including financial and economic aspects. New generation mobile networks (3G, 4G, 5G, 6G). Provided services and quality of service. Mobility management, security, secrecy and authentication problems. Localization services, power control of connected devices. Access technologies from wireless devices. Evolution of architecture based on SW network virtualization. Algorithms of array processing to allow dedicated efficient links in modern standards (5G and beyond) between terminals or smart objects connected to the IoT world.
Further details on the site: https://sp4te.uniroma3.it/radiomobile

G. Giunta, Lucidi del corso, 2023.

The course is organized in 5 units as follows:
PART 1 – EM PROPAGATION AND MATCHING CIRCUITS
EM modeling of guiding structures, Real matching circuits for guiding structures, Narrowband and Wideband matching networks, Wideband binomial and Chebyshev impedance transformers.
PART 2 – MICROWAVE NETWORKS: MODELS AND PROPERTIES
Matrix representations of microwave networks (Matrix ABCD, Impedance and admittance matrices, Scattering matrix and relationships to each other), Scattering matrix [S] of a N-port network, Properties of a component: Reciprocity, Matching and Lossless, Signal flow representation of the scattering matrix, Analysis of a complex microwave network and design of matching networks.
PART 3 – THREE-PORT COMPONENTS
Analysis of a three-port network, Analysis and design of a Circulator, Analysis and design of Power Dividers (Junction dividers, Lossy dividers, Wilkinson dividers) in balanced and unbalanced configuration).
PART 4 – FOUR-PORT COMPONENTS
Analysis of a four-port network, Properties of Directional Couplers (DC), Analysis of symmetric and antisymmetric directional couplers, Analysis of hybrid directional couplers, Design of directional couplers.
PART 5 – DESIGN OF MICROWAVE NETWORKS AND ADVANCED COMPONENTS
Introduction to the design of microwave and millimeter-wave networks (filters and small signal microwave amplifier). Introduction to the use of electromagnetic and microwave circuit CAD software. Introduction to microwave and millimeter-wave components based on metamaterials for radar, satellite and wireless communication application.

The text books used as reference for the course are:
1) Notes available on Teams
2) “Microwave engineering”, autore David Pozar, editore Wiley
3) “Electromagnetic Waves and Antennas”, autore S.J. Orfanidis (free book online)
4) “Microwave solid state circuit design”, autori: I Bahl e P. Bhartia, editore: Wiley
5) “Foundation of Microwave Engineering”, autore: Robert E. Collin, editore: Wiley
6) “The stripline circulator: Theory and practice” , autore: J. Helszajn, editore: Wiley

Discrete signals and systems. Operations between sequences. Scale changes. Digital transforms. Filtering. Linear system analysis. Optimum filters. Digital estimators and performance. Prediction. Spectral estimators. Speech and video coding. Software defined radio. Smart antennas. Spread spectrum signals and codes. Differences between TDMA, FDMA e CDMA. Mobile applications.
Laboratory of numerical examples by MatLab platform.
Further details at: https://sp4te.uniroma3.it/elaborazione

G. Giunta, "Problemi di base di elaborazione numerica dei segnali" - IV edizione, Roma.
Tamal Bose, Francois Meyer, "Digital Signal And Image Processing", December 2003, Wiley Publ.
G. Giunta, Lucidi del corso (Scaricabili Dal Sito Web Del Corso).
A.V. Oppenheim, R.W. Shafer, J.R. Buck, "Discrete-Time Signal Processing", Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, Nj (USA), 1999.

Elements of Information Theory: Entropy, Relative Entropy, and Mutual Information. Joint Entropy and Conditional Entropy. Sufficient Statistics. Fano's Inequality. Lossless source coding. Optimal Codes. Bounds on the Optimal Code Length. Kraft Inequality for Uniquely Decodable Codes. Huffman Codes. Optimality of Huffman Codes. Shannon-Fano-Elias Coding. Universal Source Coding. Universal Coding for Binary Sequences. Arithmetic Coding. Lempel-Ziv Coding.
Mutual Information and equivocation. Channel Capacity. Properties of Channel Capacity. Examples of Channel Capacity: Binary Symmetric and Gaussian Channels. Channel Coding Theorem. Fano's Inequality and the Converse to the Coding Theorem. Source-Channel Separation Theorem.
Rate Distortion Theory. Scalar Quantization. Max-Lloyd quantizer. Vector Quantization. Linde, Buzo, and Gray algorithm.
Audio signals coding. Characteristics of the human auditory sytem, perception of complex audio signals, absolute threshold of hearing, critical bandwith, Anatomy and physiology of the basilar membrane. Masking mechanisms.
Speech coding in the time domain: G.711, G.726 e G.727. Model based coding: G729. Audio coding in the transform domain: MPEG 1 layer I, II e III, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4.
Image coding elements: the Discrete Cosine Transform. JPEG encoding.
Channel Coding. Linear Block Codes. Generator Matrix. Block Codes in Systematic Form
Parity Check Matrix. Syndrome Error Detection. Minimum Distance of a Block Code. Error-Correction Capability of a Block Code. Syndrome Detection and the Standard Array. Hamming Codes. Reed-Solomon Codes.
Convolutional Codes. Convolutional Encoder Representations. Distance Properties of Convolutional Codes. Maximum Likelihood Detection. Markov chains. Decoding of Convolutional Codes: The Viterbi Algorithm. Error Probability Analysis for Convolutional Codes. Hard and Soft Decisions. Punctured Convolutional Codes and Rate-Compatible Schemes.
Concatenated encoders, Recursive Systematic Convolutional Encoders. Turbo Encoders. Construction Methods for Turbo Codes: Interleavers, Code Concatenation Methods. Turbo Code Performance as a Function of Size and Type of Interleaver . Decoding of Turbo Codes: The Turbo Decoder, Probabilities and Estimate, Symbol Detection, The Log Likelihood Ratio. The BCJR MAP Algorithm and the LLR Calculation. Turbo Decoding
Forward Error Correction and Automatic Repeat ReQuest. Forward Error Correction. Automatic Repeat ReQuest. ARQ Schemes. ARQ Scheme Efficiencies. Hybrid-ARQ Schemes.
Low-Density Parity Check Codes. Description of LDPC Codes. Construction of LDPC Codes. Decoding of LDPC Codes: The Tanner Graph. Decoding Algorithm for LDPC Codes
Packet oriented channel coding: Fountain and Raptor Codes.
Estimation Theory. Minimum Mean Square Error estimator: general solution an Gaussian in Gaussian estimate. Minimum Mean Magnitude error estimator. Maximum Posterior Probability and Maximum Likelihood estimates. Cramèr Rao lower bound for monodimensional and multidimensional estimates. Efficient estimators. Fisher’s Information Matrix. Time of arrival estimation. Joint time and Doppler shift estimation. Wavelet transform and multiresolution analysis. Signal restoration based on wavelet transform shrinking.

A. Neri. " Appunti dalle lezioni di Teoria dell’Informazione e Codici ". Freely available at http://elearning.dia.uniroma3.it/moodle/.

Additional books freely available in the e-book collection of ROMA TRE Biblioteca di Area Scientifico-tecnologica (http://host.uniroma3.it/biblioteche/page.php?page=collezion0)
Elements of information theory
Thomas M. Cover, Joy A. Thomas,
2. ed., 2006
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Essentials of error-control coding
Jorge Castiñeira Moreira, Patrick Guy Farrell,
c2006
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Part I – Interaction between the electromagnetic field and natural materials
Foundations of electromagnetic field theory. Macroscopic response of natural materials. Constitutive relations and material classification. Linearity. Dispersion. Locality. Stationary and homogeneous materials. Causality and Kramers- Kronig relations. Electric response of natural materials. Material polarization. Electronic, atomic/ionic, orientation, interface polarization mechanisms. Lorentz model: derivation and discussion. Drude model: derivation and discussion. Magnetic response of natural materials. Electrodynamic response of a magnetized ferrite.

Part II – Interaction between the electromagnetic field and artificial materials
Artificial electromagnetic materials. Historical perspective. Chiral materials. Microscopic response of matter. Polarizability concept. Electric polarizability of a dielectric sphere. Magnetic polarizability of a metallic loop. Electric polarizability of a metallic strip. Electric polarizability of a metallic loop. Polarizabilities of the metallic omega particle. Magneto-electric effect. Local field and interaction field. From microscopic to macroscopic response. Homogenization techniques. Maxwell-Garnett formula. Clausius-Mossotti formula. Bruggeman formula. Energy density for dispersive materials. Causality and energy conservation: frequency behavior of the constitutive parameters. Anomalous dispersion. Introduction to metamaterials. Historical overview. Metamaterials and their definitions. Original studies by Victor Veselago. Negative index of refraction. Negative-index materials and their first implementation. Metamaterial terminology. Artificial electric materials with negative permittivity. The wire medium. The parallel-plate medium. Noble metals at optical frequencies. Artificial electric materials in the visible. Epsilon-near-zero metamaterials. Natural and artificial magnetism. The split-ring resonator: concept, analysis, and design. Miniaturization of magnetic particles. The Multiple Split-Ring Resonator: concept, analysis, and design. The Spiral Resonator: concept, analysis, and design. The Labyrinth Resonator: concept, analysis, and design. Modelling of metallic particles in the visible. The kinetic inductance of electrons. The fishnet structure. Route towards negative index material in optics. Optical magnetism.

Part III – Interaction between the electromagnetic field and living matter
Introduction to bio-electromagnetism. Historical overview and impact. Electric modeling of living tissues. Interaction mechanism, biological/health effects. Physical quantities to determine the risk. Dosimetry and exposure limits. European and national regulation.

Part IV – Electromagnetic invisibility, imaging and sensing
Conceptually new electromagnetic devices based on the use of metamaterials: invisibility cloaks, superlenses, hyperlenses.
Cloaking. Reduction of object observability. Stealth and RAM technologies. Electromagnetic invisibility concept. Total scattering cross section. Absorption cross section. Optical theorem. Definition of an ideal invisibility cloak. Figure of merit of non-ideal cloaks. Transformation electromagnetics as a route to invisibility. Alternative approaches to cloaking. Main limitations and assessment. Scattering cancellation approach to cloaking. Volumetric cloaks for cylindrical and spherical objects: analysis and design. Cloaking objects with other shapes. Cloaking a cone. Implementation of scattering cancellation based volumetric cloaks at microwave and optical frequencies. Mantle cloaking: concept, modelling, design, and implementation. Cloaking applications: reduction and manipulation of optical forces. Reduction of the Casimir effect.
Imaging and sensing. The optical lens and the diffraction limit. Superlenses: concept, physical aspects, and design. Hyperlenses: concept, physical aspects, and design. Near-field-scanning optical microscope (NSOM). Aperture and apertureless NSOM tips. Advanced imaging with partially cloaked tips. Electromagnetic sensors. Biological sensors.

Notes provided by the lecturer.

Introduction to wireless systems: standards and frequency bands. Standards for mobile communications, wireless LAN, and bluetooth. Emerging standars in the millimeter frequency band for wireless outdoor and indoor links. Applications to wireless power transfer. Standards for radar systems.
Microwave Integrated Circuits (MIC) e Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMIC). Transmission line theory and matching techniques. Integrated circuits in microstrip line: technologies and design formulas for microstrip lines. Microstrip impedances. Microstrip components: two ports; thee ports, resistive dividers Wilkinson power divider; four ports, directional couples, quadrature hybid, coupled-line coupler, rat-race. Printed antennas for MIC. Simulation of microstrip components with electromagnetic software.
Microwave circuits in Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) for millimeter wave applications. Design of a SIW waveguide. SIW components.

Design and simulation of microstrip components through dedicated electromagnetic software.

Microwave amplifiers: stability, gain and matching.

Radar systems. Radar equation: localization of the target, and radar cross-section evaluation. Pulsed radars and frequency-stepped radar. Radar architecture. The Ground Penetrating Radar; application to buried object detection.

Material delivered by the teacher.

R.E. Collin, Foundations for Microwave Engineering, McGraw Hill, 1992.
D.M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, Wiley, 1998.

Fundamentals of electromagnetic radiation and antenna parameters. Radiation from a short current filament. Radiation from a small current loop. Radiation from arbitrary current distribution. Half-wave dipole antennas. Antenna impedance. Folded dipole, short dipole, and monopole antennas.

Receiving antennas. Reciprocity theorem and effective area. Polarization mismatch. Friis transmission formula. Noise in communication systems. Noise temperature of an antenna.

Introduction to antenna arrays. Uniform one-dimensional arrays. End-fire and broadside arrays. Uniform two-dimensional arrays. Array design. Binomial and polynomial arrays, Chebyshev method. Feeding networks, Butler Matrices. Parasitic and log-periodic arrays.

Aperture antennas. Analysis and synthesis. Radiation from a planar aperture: the Fourier transform method. Radiation from rectangular and circular aperture. Application of field-equivalence principles to aperture radiation. Open waveguides and horn antennas. Ray optics. Microwave lens. Paraboloidal reflector antennas: efficiency, directivity, cross-polarization. Induced current method. Feeds with low cross-polarization. Dual reflector systems. Radiation from slots. Microstrip antennas. Artificial periodic media. Electromagnetic Band-Gap media and their application to antennas.

Scattering of the radiation: general environment and canonical cases. Plane-wave scattering by a conducting cylinder, E- and H- polarization. Dielectric cylinder.

A. Paraboni, M. D’Amico, “Radiopropagazione” Mc Graw-Hill Libri Italia.
A. Paraboni, "Antenne", Mc Graw-Hill Libri Italia.
C. Balanis, "Antenna theory, analysis and design", 3rd edition, Wiley,
Robert E. Collin, "Antennas and Radiowave propagation", McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Propagation between fixed points: presence of earth, surface waves and reflection from flat surface. Refractive index of a ionized medium. Ray curvature a ionospheric plasma.

Teaching material:
- Notes and slides of the Course available on the Moodle area of the course

Mobile networks with shared access. Networks and services plans, including financial and economic aspects. New generation mobile networks (3G, 4G, 5G, 6G). Provided services and quality of service. Mobility management, security, secrecy and authentication problems. Localization services, power control of connected devices. Access technologies from wireless devices. Evolution of architecture based on SW network virtualization. Algorithms of array processing to allow dedicated efficient links in modern standards (5G and beyond) between terminals or smart objects connected to the IoT world.
Further details on the site: https://sp4te.uniroma3.it/radiomobile

G. Giunta, Lucidi del corso, 2023.

I PART

Introductory concepts:
Linear algebraic systems and their numerical solution
Singular-value decomposition (SVD) of general complex matrices.
Fundamentals of radiation.
Antenna parameters.
Elementary array theory.
Beyond elementary array theory.

Microstrip and Printed antennas:
Overview, basic principles of operation, feeding methods, and radiation characteristics.
Design procedures and CAD formulas.
Circular polarization, broadband and multi-band antennas, and miniaturization.

II PART

Periodic structures:
Introduction, basic theory (space harmonics, Floquet theorem).
Brillouin diagrams.
Bloch analysis.

Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs):
General features and classification.
Design procedures for 1D LWAs.
Fabry-Perot cavity antennas; general features of 2D LWAs

Arrays for wireless communications:
Characterization of the wireless channel.
Arrays and diversity.
Introduction to Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems.

Boundary integral equations and the Method of Moments (MoM):
MoM for 1D integral equations; basis and test functions.
MoM for thin wires.
Boundary integral representations of the electromagnetic field and boundary integral equations.
Mixed-Potential Integral Equation (MPIE) in free space.
MoM for MPIE: basis and test functions.
MPIE in layered media.
Sommerfeld integrals, asymptotic extractions, and spatial singularities.
Acceleration techniques for integral and series in electromagnetic problems.
MoM for MPIE: periodic structures (free space and layered media).

III (Numerical simulations with commercial electromagnetic software)

Electromagnetic CAD:
Ansys Designer and FEKO: introduction and general features.
Analysis of microstrip antennas: simple patch antenna, mutual coupling, and array configurations.
Analysis of Frequency Selective Surfaces. (FSSs)

Teaching material:
• Slides of the lessons available on the Moodle area of the course

Unit 1: Introduction to metamaterials.
Negative-index metamaterials. Classification and terminology. Engheta’s resonator. Pendry’s lens. Transmission-line metamaterials. Miniaturization of electromagnetic components. Miniaturized antennas. Two-dimensional metamaterials: metasurfaces. Design of inclusions for microwave metamaterials. Design of transmission-line metamaterials and design of miniaturized microwave components (elementary cells, phase shifters, rat-race, etc.). Computed-based exercises.

Unit 2: Introduction to metasurfaces.
Introduction to metasurfaces. Purely-electrical metasurfaces. Magnetoelectric sheets. Metasurfaces for anomalous reflection and refraction. Microwave metasurfaces. Optical metasurfaces based on array of nanoparticles. Electromagnetic characterization of metals at optical frequencies. Drude model. Effect of shape and size on the optical response of materials. Surface dispersion effect. Volumetric homogenization techniques of nanoparticle arrays: Maxwell Garnett and Clausius-Mosotti formulas. Two-dimensional homogenization techniques. Applications of optical metasurfaces: electromagnetic invisibility, optical absorbers, anti-reflection coatings and transparent screens. Extension of the two-dimensional model to dielectric metasurfaces. Applications of dielectric metasurfaces. Computed-based exercises.

Unit 3: Electromagnetic invisibility.
Reduction of radar observability. Basic concepts on electromagnetic invisibility. Radar and scattering cross section. Figure of merit for EM cloaks. Basic principles of the transformation of transformation-electromagnetism. Invisibility cloaks based on transformation-electromagnetism. Other approaches to achieve electromagnetic invisibility. Basiuc principles on scattering cancellation. Scattering cancellation by volumetric metamaterials. Scattering cancellation by metasurfaces (mantle cloaking). Mie theory for spherical and cylindrical objects covered by volumetric layers and surface impedances. Implementation of invisibility devices based on the scattering cancellation at microwaves: volumetric materials and metasurfaces. Applications of electromagnetic invisibility to microwaves: invisibility of passive objects, invisibility of receiving antennas and sensors, mutual invisibility of transmitting antennas. Non-linear and waveform-selective electromagnetic invisibility devices and related applications. Computed-based exercises.

Unit 4: Space-time modulated metamaterials and metasurfaces.
Introduction to EM non-reciprocity based on natural and artificial materials. Introduction to space-time modulated metamaterials. Analysis of a resonator loaded with a space-time modulated metamaterial: coupled mode theory, resonant modes and frequency response. Applications. Free-space and slab propagation in space-time modulated materials. Time-domain propagation in a dielectric slab. Space-time modulated metasurfaces.

Unit 5: Metamaterials for structured fields.
Topological properties of structured fields. Introduction to the concept of orbital angular momentum, phase singularity and topological charge. Generation of EM fields with phase singularities at optical and microwave frequencies. Generation of composite vortices and related topological properties (robustness with respect to the interaction with opaque objects and vortex-less fields). Application examples: patch antenna with Moebius polarization, shaping of the direction pattern, sectorial and saddle radiation patterns. Full-wave and analytical simulations.

Learning materials provided by the teacher.