Words and Objects: Economy of Language and Language of Economy

The course focuses on the centrality of language and of the "linguistic force" in the current dissolution of the objectivity paradigm, with particular reference to the aspects of exchange and money.

Module A:

K. Marx, The Fetishism of Commodities and the Secret thereof, in Id., Capital (any edition).
J. Baudrillard, Symbolic Exchange and Death (selected passages).
J. Searle, Making the Social World (selected passages).
A. Appadurai, Banking on Words.

The vision and comment of David Cronenberg's Cosmopolis is planned.

Module B:

M. Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (any edition).
M. Mauss, The Gift.
J. Derrida, Given Time. Counterfeit Money.
A. Appadurai, Banking on Words.

The vision and comment of Adam McKay's The Big Short is planned.

In general, the course will focus on the history and philosophy of space and time, giving particular emphasis to the relationship between physical and experiential time. Within this relationship, the nature of the present moment is particularly important: while physics can safely ignore such a moment, in our experience it separates an immutable past from a future that is not conceived deterministically or fatalistically, but is rather regarded as open to our free decisions. We will read excerpts of classics authors in the history of philosophy that have dealt in particular with these questions.

11. Paolo Taroni, Filosofie del tempo. Il concetto di tempo nella storia del pensiero occidentale, Mimesis, 2012
2. J. Weatherall. La fisica del nulla. La strana storia dello spazio vuoto, Bollati Boringhieri, 2017
3. Robert DiSalle, Capire lo spazio-tempo. Bollati Boringhieri (some chapters), transl from Understanding Spacetime, CUP, Cambridge, 2008
4. Huggett N. Space and Time from Zeno to Einstein, MIT Press, 1999, Spazio e Tempo da Zenone ad Einstein (some chapter also available in italian)
5. Dainton, B. (2010) Time and Space (second enlarged edition), McGill-Queen's University Press (some chapters) in alternativa Brian Greene, La Trama del cosmo, Einaudi, capitoli da stabilirsi

Substance and Predication in Aristotle

The course will focus on Aristotle's theories of substance and predication. The discussion will cover passages from Aristotle's Categories and Metaphysics VII.

[a] Aristotle, Categories and De Interpretatione, Translated with Notes by J.L. Ackrill, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1963 (rist. 2002), pp. 3-12 (Cat. 1-5); pp. 71-91 (notes);
Aristotle, Metaphysics Books Z and H, Translated with a Commentary by D. Bostock, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1994 (rist. 2003), pp, 1-4; 23-25; 29-31 (Met., VII, 1-3; 13; 17); pp. 45-85; 185-207; 237-247 (Commentary)

[b] R. Dancy, On Some of Aristotle’s First Thoughts About Substances, «Philosophical Review» 84 (1975), pp. 338-373;
R. Dancy, On Some of Aristotle’s Second Thoughts About Substances: Matter, «Philosophical Review»,
87 (1978), pp. 372-413.

Students are allowed to write an essay, in Italian or in English, regarding some of Aristotle’s texts listed in [a]. The preparation of this essay can replace the study of R. Dancy’s articles listed in [b]. For further information please contact Prof. R. Chiaradonna.

Truth and Oath in Politics.

The course aims to investigate the theme of the "truth" in politics and that of the "oat" (whic, according to Hobbes, forms the basis of social contract), dealing with some of the major philosophers - from Kant to Hobbes, from Nietzsche to Arendt - which established a link between the capacity of "telling the truth" against power and the political anthropology. The purpose of the course is also to deal with highly topical issues, taking account of the current climate crossed by "post-truth" debate.

I. Kant-B. Constant, E' lecito mentire?.
T. Hobbes, Leviathan, selected passages (any edition).
F. Nietzsche, On Truth and Lies in a nonmoral sense.
A. Koyré, Réflexions sur le mensonge.
H. Arendt, Truth and Politics.

One book from the list below:

J. Derrida, Histoire du mensonge.
J. Derrida, Le parjure, peut-être.
H. Weinrich, Linguistik der Lüge.
G. Agamben, The Sacrament of Language. An Archeology of the Oath.
P. Prodi, Il sacramento del potere.
Ch. Salmon, Storytelling.

Fear Politics vs Affirmative politics. Alternative Modernity and its Contemporary Radicalization.

The neoliberal triumph and the economical crisis in the last decade have produced a deep fracture between capitalism and democracy. Contemporary political answers can be identified in two opposite domains: on the one hand, fear politics, and the related authoritarian forms, on the other, affirmative politics and its experimental institutionalism. At the beginning of Modernity this opposition has been embodied by two classics: Hobbes and Spinoza.

Calendario
giovedì, 13-16

I parte – Alternativa radicale agli albori del Moderno: Hobbes o Spinoza

5 Ottobre
Introduzione al Corso

12 Ottobre
Hobbes: antropologia e politica

19 Ottobre
Paura, patto e moltitudine nel De Cive

26 Ottobre
Spinoza: potenza e dinamica degli affetti

9 Novembre
Paura, indignazione, sicurezza: dal Trattato teologico-politico al Trattato politico

16 Novembre
Sul principio di obbligazione – relazione di Augusto Illuminati

23 Novembre
Natura umana e istituzioni politiche – relazione di Paolo Virno


II parte – Sei figure dell'alternativa nel Contemporaneo

30 Novembre
Debito – relazione di Elettra Stimilli

7 Dicembre
Rischio e confine – con un intervento di Dario Gentili

14 Dicembre
Resistenza e istituzioni

21 Dicembre
Differenza

11 Gennaio
Lezione conclusiva - dedicata alla discussione delle idee preliminari per la presentazione degli elaborati.

The course will consider the following essays, while the final papers will focus on a selection of texts from sections 1. and 2.

1. Alternativa radicale agli albori del Moderno: Hobbes o Spinoza

L'indagine sulla natura umana e sulle passioni come terreno fondativo del politico e dei suoi conflitti. Se in Hobbes la paura orienta il patto sociale e la costituzione della sovranità, in Spinoza la potenza della moltitudine qualifica la spinta democratica irriducibile che modifica senza sosta le forme politiche.

Hobbes, De Cive (1642), I parte e cap. V della II parte (ed. Editori Riuniti);
Hobbes, Leviatano (1651), I parte e cap. XVII della II parte (ed. Laterza);
Strauss, La filosofia politica di Hobbes, in Che cos'è la filosofia politica? (ed. Argalia);
Esposito, Communitas, I capitolo (ed. Einaudi);
Spinoza, Trattato teologico-politico (1670), Prefazione, capitoli XVI e XX (in Opere, Mondadori);
Spinoza, Etica (1675), III e IV parte (in Opere, Mondadori);
Spinoza, Trattato politico (1677) capitoli I-VI (in Opere, Mondadori);
Matheron, Scritti su Spinoza, capitoli 6,7 e 10 (ed. Ghibli);
Negri, Spinoza sovversivo, capitoli 2 e 3 (ed. Derive Approdi);
Illuminati, Sul principio di obbligazione, in “Quaderni materialisti” numero 5;
Virno, Il cosiddetto “male” e la critica dello Stato, in E così via, all'infinito (ed. Bollati Boringhieri).


2. Sei figure dell'alternativa nel Contemporaneo
Da una parte il debito, il confine, il rischio; dall'altra la resistenza, le istituzioni, la differenza: fuochi concettuali che definiscono le fratture del presente, riorganizzando l'alternativa tra politiche della paura e politiche affermative.

Nietzsche, Genealogia della morale, II Dissertazione (ed. Adelphi);
Lazzarato, L'uomo indebitato (ed. Derive Approdi);
Stimilli, Il debito del vivente (ed. Quodlibet);
Mezzadra, Neilson, Confini e frontiere (ed. Il Mulino);
Beck, La società del rischio (ed. Carocci);
Irigaray, Etica della differenza sessuale (ed. Feltrinelli);
Braidotti, Trasposizioni, capitolo 5 (ed. Sossella);
Deleuze, Istinti e istituzioni, in L'isola deserta e altri scritti (ed. Einaudi);
Muraro, Dio è violent (ed. nottetempo);
Virno, Virtuosismo e rivoluzione, in L'idea di mondo (ed. Quodlibet);
Virno, Diritto di resistenza, in Esercizi di esodo (ed. Ombre corte).

The course presents the essential characters of civilization, or better, of Slavic civilizations. It ranges chronologically from the era of the Slavic settlement in Eastern and Central Europe to the present day. Historical, political, economic, social, cultural events are analyzed in the Slavic world.
Historical description of Slavic civilizations in time and space

M. Garzaniti, Gli slavi, Carocci editore

The course aims at investigating natural histories and life sciences from 1400 to 1700. The focus will be anatomy, physiology and theories of generation (17th and 18th c.).

Selections from:
Aristotle, De Anima (On the soul, Loeb Classical Library).
Galen, De usu partium (On the usefulness of the parts of the body, 2 vols Cornell University Press).
W. Harvey, Exercitationes de generatione animalium, Engl. trans. in The Works of William Harvey, Sydenham Society 1847.
J.B. van Helmont, Ortus Medicinae, 1648

F. Bacon, selection of texts from: Cogitata et visa, The Advancement of Learning, Parasceve ad Historiam Naturalem.
R. Descartes, Treatise of Man (any edition).
Charles Webster, The Great Instauration: Science, Medicine, and Reform, 1626-1660, Peter Lang.
Robert G. Frank, jr, Harvey and the Oxford Physiologists: A Study of Scientific Ideas Berkeley: University of California Press.
W. Pagel, Joan Baptista van Helmont, Cambridge University Press
C. Pinto-Correia, The ovary of Eve, Univ. of Chicago Press
C. Wilson, The invisible world, Princeton University Press

Towards model theory: some consequences of the compactness theorem

Proof of the compactness theorem for languages of any cardinality. Languages with equality. The compactness theorem for languages with equality. Correctness and completeness for languages with equality. L"owenheim-Skolem's theorem for (denumerable) languages with equality. The limits of the expressive power of first order languages. Elementary equivalence, substructures, elementary substructures. Isomorphsims and elementary equivalence. The notion of substructure. Elementary substructures and diagrams. The preservation theorems. Generalisations of the L"owenheim-Skolem's theorem. Completeness of a theory.

Logic and Arithmetic: incompleteness

Decidability and fundamental results of recursion theory: primitive recursive functions and elementary functions, Ackermann's function and the (partial) recursive functions, arithmetical hierarchy and representation (in N) of recursive functions, arithmetization of syntax, fundamental theorems of recursion theory, decidability, semi-decidability, undecidability.

Peano arithemtic

Peano arithmetic: Peano's axioms, the models of (first order) Peano arithmetic, the representable functions in (first order) Peano arithmetic, incompleteness and undecidability.

V.M. Abrusci, L. Tortora de Falco, Logica Volume 1- Dimostrazioni e modelli al primo
ordine. Springer, (2014).

V.M. Abrusci, L. Tortora de Falco, L'Incompletezza. Dispense fornite dal docente.

In-depth investigation of communication in all of its modalities: verbal and body (words and sentences, prosody and intonation, gestures, facial expression, gaze, touch, posture, proxemics), and technological media. Analysis and detection of sincere and deceptive, cooperative and aggressive communication, and its uses in interpersonal interaction, at work, in education, politics, entertainment.

I testi da portare all’esame sono tre:

A. D’Urso V. e Trentin R.: Introduzione alla psicologia delle emozioni. Laterza, Bari 2006.
B. Poggi I. (a cura di): La mente del cuore. Armando, Roma 2008.
C. Un libro (o serie di articoli) a scelta fra le voci del seguente elenco:

1. Nussbaum, M. L’intelligenza delle emozioni. Il Mulino, Bologna 2013.
2. Matarazzo O. e Zammuner V. (a cura di). La regolazione delle emozioni. Il Mulino, Bologna 2012.
3. Ledoux J. Il cervello emotivo. Baldini e Castoldi, Milano 2005.
4. Damasio A.R. Emozione e coscienza. Adelphi, Milano 2010.
5. Maturana H.R e Dàvila X. Emozione e linguaggio in educazione e politica. Elèutera, Milano 2015.
6. Miceli M. e Castelfranchi C. Expectancy and Emotion. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2013.
7. Castelfranchi C. Che figura. Emozioni e immagine sociale. Il Mulino, Bologna 2005.
8. 4 articoli scelti fra i seguenti: (saranno scaricabili dal sito indicato a lezione)

Castelfranchi C. & Poggi I. (1990): "Blushing as a Discourse: Was Darwin Wrong?". In R.Crozier (Ed.) Shyness and Embarrassment. Perspectives from social Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp.230-251.
Poggi I. & Zuccaro V.: “Admiration”. Proceedings of the Workshop AFFINE: Affective Interaction in Natural Environment, Post-conference workshop of ICMI 2008, Chania, Crete, 24 sept. 2008.
Poggi I. & D’Errico F., (2009) “The mental ingredients of Bitterness”. Journal of multimodal user interface. Springer. DOI: 10.1007/s12193-009-0021-9
Poggi I, D’Errico F (2012) Pride and its expression in political debates. In Paglieri F, Tummolini L, Falcone R & Miceli M (eds) The goals of cognition. Festschrift for Cristiano Castelfranchi, London College Publications, London, pp. 221-253; 978-1-84890-094-3.
D’Errico F., Poggi I. (2014) Acidity. Emotional causes, effects, and multimodal communication. In A. Freitas-Magalhães (Ed.), Emotional Expression: The Brain and The Face (Vol.5). Porto: University Fernando Pessoa Press, pp.341-368.
D’Errico Francesca, Poggi Isabella (2016). Social emotions. A challenge for sentiment analysis and User Models. In: D’Errico F. Poggi I. (a cura di): Tkalčič M. De Carolis B. de Gemmis M. Odić A. Košir A., Emotions and Personality in Personalized Services. Models, Evaluation and Applications. vol. Social Emotions. A Challenge for Sentiment Analysis and User Models, Berlin:Springer International Publishing, ISBN: 978-3-319-31411-2, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-31413-6
Poggi I. e Magno Caldognetto E.: “Il parlato emotivo. Aspetti cognitivi, linguistici e fonetici”. Atti del Convegno Il parlato italiano. Napoli, 12-15 febbraio 2003. Napoli, D’Auria. CdRom, 2004.
Poggi I., Pelachaud, C. & De Carolis B. (2001): “To display or not to display? Towards the architecture of a Reflexive Agent”. Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Attitude, “Personality and Emotions in User-adapted Interaction”. User Modeling 2001, Sonthofen (Germany), 13-17 July 2001.
Poggi I., and D’Errico, F. (2018): “Feeling offended”. Frontiers.



Altri testi d’esame in alternativa a quelli suddetti potranno essere comunicati in bacheca o concordati con la docente.

An introduction to Data Mining and Data Journalism by means of the Python programming language.

lectures notes by the teacher

The first module intends to address the main critical and problematic nodes of early modern history in a perspective aimed at enucleating original characters and identity processes of the European continent. Particular attention will be devoted to the philosophical-political and political-institutional peculiarities that emerged in European states between the end of the 15th and the beginning of the 19th century. From the English Revolutions of the 17th Century and later with the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, parliamentary democracy, secularization, religious tolerance and the recognition of human rights became traditionally not only the key ideas of the definition of "being European", but real universal guiding principles to export and, if necessary, to impose on the rest of the globe. But can we really coincide the advent of European modernity with the beginnings of the process of secularization? What was the relationship between Christian churches and modernity? What was the relationship between Catholic Church and human rights since the Lumières century?

F. Chabod, Storia dell’idea di Europa, Roma-Bari, Laterza.
P. Prodi, Homo Europaeus, Bologna, Il Mulino
V. Ferrone, Lo strano Illuminismo di Joseph Ratzinger. Chiesa, modernità e diritti dell’uomo, Roma-Bari, Laterza.

Experiences of narrative in contemporary literature and film

Texts
A. Mazzarella, La grande rete della scrittura, Bollati Boringhieri, Torino 2008.
I. Calvino, Palomar, Mondadori, Milano 2016.
I. Calvino, Lezioni americane, Mondadori, Milano 2016.

Filmography:
I. Bergman, Il posto delle fragole (1957); A. e L. Wachowski, Matrix (1999).

An introduction to epistemology: the nature of knowledge, and its problems. General overview of philosophical issues concerning the origin, dynamics and limits of our knowledge. Specific analysis of the skeptic question regarding the existence and knowability of the external world.

R. Audi: Epistemologia, Quodlibet (selected parts, to be defined)
A. Coliva: Scetticismo, Laterza
Additional readings might be assigned during the course.

Starting from the role of emotions in the orientation in the world and in the education process, as thought by Martha C. Nussbaum, the programme wants to examine the laycal and social meaning the abovesaid assigns to compassion. To that concept is contrasted the critical interpretation of Hannah Arendt (who considers Rousseau's compassion as a prereflessive and presocial feeling proper of the «humanity in dark times», to be replaced by the political category of friendship as conceived by Lessing). Following the contemporary interpretation of french and german enlightment, the course will examine Derrida's concept of lie, showing its coincidences with Rousseau's thought.

Martha C. Nussbaum, The intelligence of emotions, Mulino, Bologna
Hannah Arendt, humanity in dark times. Reflections on Lessing. Raffaello Cortina Publisher, Milan
Jacques Derrida, History of lies, Castelvecchi, Rome

The course aims to examine in depth the concept of repetition, with reference to artistic practices, and to cinema in particular.
During the classes, we will analyze some texts and we will watch and analyze some films; the attendance is highly recommended.

S. Freud, Ricordare, ripetere, rielaborare, in S. Freud, Opere, 1912-14, Boringhieri, Torino (fotocopie fornite dalla docente)
S. Freud, Al di là del principio di piacere, qualsiasi edizione.
G. Deleuze, Differenza e ripetizione, Raffaello Cortina, Milano.
D. Angelucci, Ripetizione, in Deleuze e i concetti del cinema, Quodlibet, Macerata (fotocopie fornite dalla docente).

Filmography
A. Hitchcock, Psycho
G. Van Sant, Psycho
D. Gordon, 24 Hours Psycho

Title of the course: Pirandello: novel and drama writer

Description of the course: The course aims to retrace Pirandello's narrative evolution, starting from his earlier novels (L'esclusa and Il turno) and the earlier tales and arriving to his latest novel, Uno nessuno e centomila and to the surrealistic writing of the Thirties. In addition the course will take into consideration some drama works, such as da Così è (se vi pare), Sei personaggi and the unfinished I giganti della montagna, which will be investigated in their original character and in their innovative dramaturgical features.

Bibliography:

Pirandello's Whole work is avalible in the Mondatori's collection «Meridiani», in the following volumes: Tutti i romanzi, a cura di G. Macchia con la collaborazione di M. Costanzo, 2 voll., Milano, Mondadori,1973; Novelle per un anno, a cura di M. Costanzo, Premessa di G. Macchia, 3 voll., 6 tomi, ivi, 1985-1990; Maschere nude, a cura di A. d’Amico, premessa di G. Macchia, 4 voll., ivi, 1986-2007 (vol. III e vol. IV a cura di A. d’Amico con la collaborazione di A. Tinterri. Il vol. IV comprende, inoltre, le Opere teatrali in dialetto, a cura di A. Varvaro, con un’introduzione di A. Camilleri, dal titolo Una storia di contraddizioni e ripensamenti); Saggi e interventi, a cura e con un saggio introduttivo di F. Taviani e una testimonianza di A. Pirandello, ivi, 2006.

A re-edition of pirandello's poetic production is available in Tutte le poesie, introduzione di F. Nicolosi, note di M. Lo Vecchio-Musti, Milano, Mondadori, («Oscar»), 1982.

a useful collection of interviews to Pirandello is in Pirandello. «Parole da dire, uomo, agli altri uomini», a cura di I. Pupo, pref. di N. Borsellino, Soveria Mannelli, Rubbettino, 2002.


Critical text for consultation:
A biography of Pirandello can be found in G. Giudice, Luigi Pirandello, Torino, UTET, 1963
Critical essays for a general framework of the author:
- L. Lugnani, Pirandello. Letteratura e teatro, Firenze, La Nuova Italia, 1970
- G. Debenedetti, Il romanzo del Novecento, Milano, Garzanti, 1971
- P. Puppa, Fantasmi contro giganti (Scena e immaginario in Pirandello), Bologna, Patron, 1978
- U. Artioli, L’officina segreta di Pirandello, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1989
- N. Borsellino, Ritratto e immagini di Pirandello, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1991
- G. Mazzacurati, Pirandello nel romanzo europeo, Bologna, Il Mulino, 1987; Id., Stagioni dell’Apocalisse. Verga, Pirandello e Svevo, Torino, Einaudi, 1998
- V. Spinazzola, Il romanzo antistorico, Roma, Editori Riuniti, 1990
- R. Luporini, Pirandello, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 1999
- G. Macchia, Pirandello o la stanza della tortura, Milano, Mondadori, 2000
- A. R. Pupino, Pirandello:maschere e fantasmi, Roma, Salerno Editrice, 2000; Id., La maschera e il nome. Interventi su Pirandello, Napoli, Liguori, 2001; Id., Pirandello o l’arte della dissonanza. Saggio sui romanzi, Roma, Salerno Editrice, 2008; Id., Pirandello. Poetiche e pratiche di umorismo, ivi, 2013
- M. Guglielminetti, Pirandello, Roma, Salerno Editrice, 2006
- S. Costa, Introduzione, in L. Pirandello, Opere, vol. I, Milano-Napoli, Ricciardi, 2015
- P. Frassica, Introduzione, in L. Pirandello, Opere, vol. II, Milano-Napoli, Ricciardi, 2015
- C. Vicentini, Pirandello. Il disagio del teatro, Venezia, Marsilio, 2016
- B. Alfonzetti, Pirandello. L’impossibile finale, Venezia, Marsilio, 2017

Sull’estetica di Pirandello:
- G. Andersson, Arte e teoria. Studi sulla poetica del giovane Luigi Pirandello, Stockolm, Almqvist e Wiksell, 1966
- C. Vicentini,L’estetica di Pirandello, Milano, Mursia, 1970

Su lingua e stile di Pirandello:
- B. Terracini, Le «Novelle per un anno» di Luigi Pirandello, in Id., Analisi stilistica. Teoria, storia, problemi, Milano, Feltrinelli, 1966, pp. 283-395
- M. Guglielminetti, Il soliloquio di Pirandello, in Id., Il romanzo del Novecento italiano. Strutture e sintassi, Roma, Editori Riuniti, 1986, pp. 55-97
- G. Nencioni, Di scritto e di parlato. Discorsi linguistici, Bologna, Zanichelli, 1983, pp. 126-179; Id., Tra grammatica e retorica. Da Dante a Pirandello, Torino, Einaudi,1983, pp. 176-190 e 210-253; Id., Saggi e memorie, Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2000, pp. 237-247
- M. L. Altieri Biagi, La lingua in scena, Bologna, Zanichelli, 1980, pp. 162-221

Further indication will be provided during the course

This course will provide students with an introduction to some of the main topics in philosophy of mind. The course will be broken down into three parts. In the first part, we will look mostly at a few historical approaches to philosophy of mind. Starting with Descartes and a discussion of substance dualism, we will move on to Locke and Hume, and then behaviorism, identity theory, and the initial formulations of functionalism. In the second part, we will examine some contemporary approaches to the nature of mind, including current views on functionalism, Dennett’s intentional stance, Fodor’s language of thought, and eliminative materialism. With some of the standard approaches covered in the first two parts, we will turn in the third part to a more delimited issue: the problem of developing a naturalistic theory of self-consciousness, within which the themes of Freud’s criticism of the subject -- the themes of the unconscious, self-deception, and defense mechanisms -- can be read in a new light.

M. Di Francesco, M. Marraffa e A. Tomasetta, Introduzione alla filosofia della mente, Carocci, Roma 2017 (Capp. 1-3).
M. Marraffa e A. Paternoster, Sentirsi esistere. Inconscio, coscienza, autocoscienza, Laterza, Roma-Bari 2014 (Capp. 1-3).
M. Marraffa (a cura di), Identità e persona, Istituto italiano di studi germanici, Roma 2017 (solo i saggi di Piazza, Meini, Guerini & Marraffa).

The course will address the relationships between technology, science and philosophy.
Philosophy of technology is a relatively recent discipline that deals with relationships between Technology, knowledge and society.
The course wants to answer to the following questions:
What is technology?
Is it possible to think about science without a reflexion on technology in the present technoscientific environment?
Which are the relationships between society and technology?
Which are the relevant changes introduced by technology in living styles?
Is it possible to consider technology as neutral and value and ideology free?
Technology has a relevant and permanent influence on science and on knowledge building in general but also on the definition of society and its working assets. Technical artefacts produce changes on society and are influenced by social choices, political constraints and economical investments.
In this course we will discuss the importance of philosophy of technology for philosophy itself, if we accept the idea that philosophy is a research for understanding and for acting on present. If we accept this perspective we cannot ignore the importance of technology.
Technology has a the characteristic that it is created according to standards on which society has no direct control, but technical objects have relevant consequences on the functioning of social practices including the epistemological ones.

Materiale didattico Parini E. G. e Pellegrino G. (2009) (a cura di) S come scienza T come tecnica e riflessione sociologica, Liguori Ed., Milano, pp. 120-264.
Latour B. (2013) Cogitamus. Sei lettere sull'umanesimo scientifico, Il Mulino, Bologna.
Stiegler B.(2015) Platone digitale, Mimesis, Milano.

The course is composed of two parts: in the first, we will discuss the contemporary debates on neuroethics and neurolaw ; in the second, we will consider the ways in which some of the most relevant ethical and scientic problems are communicated by using films.

TEXTS FOR THE STUDENTS WHO ATTEND THE COURSE, WRITE THE TWO MOVIE REVIEWS, AND PASS THE TEST AT THE END OF THE COURSE (During the course, the instructor will say which parts of the following texts won't be part of the program for this group of the students):
1. De Caro, Lavazza, Sartori, Quando siamo responsabili? Codice
2. Lavazza e Sammicheli, Il delitto del cervello, Codice
3. Viola, Neuroscienze e diritto naturale, http://www1.unipa.it/viola/Neuroscienze_e_diritto_naturale.pdf
4. Massarenti, Stramaledettamente logico, Mondadori

TEXTS FOR ALL OTHER STUDENTS (to be studied entirely):
1. De Caro, Lavazza, Sartori, Quando siamo responsabili? Codice
2. Lavazza e Sammicheli, Il diritto del cervello, Codice
3. Viola, Neuroscienze e diritto naturale, http://www1.unipa.it/viola/Neuroscienze_e_diritto_naturale.pdf
4. Massarenti, Stramaledettamente logico, Mondadori
5. Roskies, Neuroethics, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/neuroethics/

The lectures treat with the issue of the language faculty by taking into account the interpretive models prevalent in cognitive sciences. In an evolutionary perspective that takes into account the empirical results from cognitive psychology, cognitive ethology and neurosciences, the lectures deal with the biocognitive foundation of language and how it is relevant for the study of human nature.

Mandatory books:
- Ferretti F., 2015, La facoltà di linguaggio. Universali biologici e varianti culturali. Carocci, Roma.
- Scott-Phillips, 2017, Dì quello che hai in mente. Le origini della comunicazione umana, Carocci, Roma.

Two books among.

- Berwick R., Chomsky N., 2016, Perché solo noi: Linguaggio ed evoluzione, Bollati Boringhieri, Torino.
- Botha, R., 2016, Langauge evolution. The windows approach, Cambridge University Press.
- Caruana F., Borghi A., 2016, Il cervello in azione, Il Mulino, Bologna.
- Chiera A., 2015, Appesi a un filo. La comunicazione in bilico tra comprensione e fraintendimento, Le Lettere, Firenze.
- Donald M., 2011, Evoluzione della mente. Per una teoria darwiniana della coscienza. Bollati Boringhieri, Torino.

Genealogy of Debt: Nietzsche and Benjamin

Module A: F. Nietzsche, On the Genealogy of Morality: A Polemic.
Recommended Text:
E. Stimilli, The Debt of the Living: Ascesis and Capitalism, SUNY series in Contemporary Italian Philosophy, 2017.

Module B: W. Benjamin, La Politica e altri scritti, Mimesis, Milano 2016.
Recommended Text:
D. Gentili, M. Ponzi, E. Stimilli (edited by), Il culto del capitale. Walter Benjamin: capitalismo e religione, Quodlibet, Macerata 2014.

After a short introduction concerning Croce's biography and a general sketch of his thought, the course will consist in a close reading of the Memory La storia ridotta sotto il concetto generale dell'arte, dating 1893, and then of the first eight chapters of the Estetica of 1902.
In the second part of the course the reading of the Estetica will be completed and the Breviario di Estetica will be read, too.

First part (6 CFU):
B. Croce, La storia ridotta sotto il concetto generale dell’arte, in B. Croce, Primi saggi, Bari, Laterza
B. Croce, Estetica come scienza dell’espressione e linguistica generale, Milano, Adelphi, o altra edizione, Parte teorica capp. I-VIII
P. D’Angelo, Il problema Croce, Macerata, Quodlibet, pp. 9-140.

Second part (6 CFU):

Estetica come scienza dell’espressione e linguistica generale, Milano, Adelphi, Parte teorica capp. IX-XVIII
B. Croce, Breviario di Estetica, Milano, Adelphi o altra edizione.
P. D’Angelo, Il problema Croce, Macerata, Quodlibet, pp. 161-258.

The prerogatives of verbal negation and their irreducibility to other forms of opposition.
Negation and the modality of the possible. Negation and affections

• P. Virno, Saggio sulla negazione. Per una antropologia linguistica, Bollati Boringhieri.
• Platone, Sofista, qualsiasi edizione purché col testo originale a fronte, lettura integrale. Da acquistare.
• Aristotele, Della interpretazione, Rizzoli (o altra edizione), limitatamente ai capitoli I-IX, XII, XIV. Disponibile in fotocopia.
• Aristotele, Categorie, Rizzoli (o altra edizione), limitatamente al capitolo 10. Disponibile in fotocopia.
• Kant, Tentativo per introdurre nella filosofia il concetto delle quantità negative, in Id., Scritti precritici, Laterza, pp. 249-290. Disponibile in fotocopia.

• G. Frege, La negazione, in Id., Ricerche logiche, Guerini e Associati, pp. 75-98. Disponibile in fotocopia.
• S. Freud, La negazione, in Id, La negazione e altri scritti teorici, pp. 64-69, Bollati Boringhieri.
• H. Bergson, L’evoluzione creatrice, Raffaello Cortina editore, limitatamente alle pp. 223-44. Disponibile in fotocopia.
• M. Heidegger, Che cos’è metafisica?, Adelphi. Da acquistare.
• N. Loraux, La città divisa, Neri Pozza, limitatamente alle pp. 231-44 e 265-91. Disponibile in fotocopia.
• G. Ryle, “Azioni” negative, in Id., Pensare pensieri, Armando, pp. 129-42. Disponibile in fotocopia.

The course will consist of two moments: the presentation of the meaning and the characters of the philosophy of enlightenment through the reading of texts of authors involved in the debate on the definition of enlightenment, with particular attention to the issue of tolerance and religious freedom ; The deepening of the relationship of the Enlightenment with the historical, theological and political reality of the Jewish people, through the reading of texts by authors of the time, from Voltaire to Moses Mendelssohn.

A.
E. Tortarolo, L’illuminismo: ragioni e dubbi della modernità, Roma, Carocci, 1999 (and further reprints)
Voltaire, Trattato sulla tolleranza, Milano, Feltrinelli, 1995 (and further reprints; in place of: M. Mendelssohn, Jerusalem, Napoli, Guida, 1990, because this text is not available)


B. One book at your choice:
A. Tagliapietra (a cura di), Che cos’è l’illuminismo? I testi e la genealogia del concetto, Milano, Bruno Mondadori, 2000 (new edition: Pearson, 2010)
G. Paganini, E. Tortarolo (a cura di), Illuminismo. Un vademecum, Torino, Bollati Boringhieri, 2008
J. Israel, Una rivoluzione della mente. L’illuminismo radicale e le origini della democrazia moderna, Torino, Einaudi, 2011
Z. Sternhell, Contro l’illuminismo. Dal secolo XVIII alla guerra fredda, Milano, Baldini & Castoldi, 2007

C.
Materials made available by the teacher in the download area of his digital board (website FILCOSPE), in particular the entry "Ebrei" in the Voltaire "Dizionario filosofico".

Title of the course: Claudius' principate in the opinion of his contemporary and in modern historiography

The course aims to present and discuss the opinions expressed on Emperor Claudius' personality by his contemporary, in particular Seneca and the historian and biographers who lived few years later, such as Suetonius and Tacitus. Moreover, the course will analyse Claudius' figure in modern historiography. The course includes lessons on the polictical Roman lexicon and a seminar, in which scholars who have recently studied the Julio-Claudian age, will take part.

Bibliography:

- Suetonius, Claudius' life (any edition)
- Seneca, De Clementia (any edition)
- Seneca, Consolation to Polybius (any edition)
- A. Momigliano, L'opera dell'imperatore Claudio (edited by D. Faoro), Jouvence, Napoli 2016
- G. Geraci – A. Marcone, Storia romana, Editio Maior, Roma-Bari 2017.


Additional books for students who d attend the course:
- J. Scheid – Fr. Jacques, Roma e il suo Impero. Istituzioni, economia, religione, Laterza, Roma-Bari 20155
- F. Guidetti, L’Impero romano in 100 date, Dalla Porta, Pisa 2016

Title of the course: "The old poet teaches": critics and didactics in Horace's poetry
The course will offer an introduction of the historical and literary context of Horace's Epistula ad Augustum (Epist. II 1) and Ars poetica; both woks will be read entirely, interpreted actcommented, paying particular attention to the formal aspects of the exegesis and to the fortune of Horatian poetics.


Possible propedeutics: The course is mostly intended to students who have already accomplished 12 CFU in the field L-FIL-LET/04.

Bibliography:
- Horace, Epistles Book II and ‘Epistle to Pisones (‘Ars poetica’), ed. by N. Rudd (Cambridge University Press 2010).
In the lecturer's online page students will find also: Orazio, Arte poetica, a cura di A. Rostagni (Loescher – fuori commercio) and further material. A complete edition of Horace's Epistles is recommended (e. g. Orazio, Le Lettere, a cura di M. Ramous, Garzanti).
Additional texts will be indicated during the course.

The course deals with the Bretton Woods currency system and the financial and trading networks of the 20th century; special emphasis is given to the problems of the integration of the underdeveloped countries into the global economy:
I. Cycles and trends in the Second World War
- The conversion of war economies and the rise of mixed economies.
II. The circuits of international trade.
- The Marshall Plan, the birth of the European Union and the Comecon.
- The integration of developing countries and neo 70s.
- The return to free trade in the 80s and the birth of the World Trade Organization.
III. Currency systems
- The Bretton Woods currency system.
- Apogee and decline of the gold-dollar standard exchange rate and flexible regional monetary agreements.

The course will be organized in seminars: the material to be studied will be distributed by the teacher during the lessons; the students not attending the course are requested to contact the teacher to agree on the texts on which to prepare for the exam.

The processes of cooperation for development and the formation of trade regional agreements, with special attention to the Latin American, Mediterranean, Near and Far East areas, from the early twentieth century to the present.

The course will be organized in seminars: the material to be studied will be distributed by the teacher during the lessons; the students not attending the course are requested to contact the teacher to agree on the texts on which to prepare for the exam.

General aspects. Freudian theory of the unconscious. primary process and secondary process. Logic and biologic. Dreams, lips, symptoms and wits.. The cognitive unconscious.
Specific aspects. Unconscious process and process of artistic creation. Analogy and differences. Humor as tertiary process. The freudian concept of historical true. judaism and Christianity in the sought prof Sigmund Freud. Antisemitism and Racism in the sough of Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalytic exploration in art and literature. Psychoanalytic insights on the religious experience.

Meghnagi, Tra Vienna e Gerusalemme, Libri Liberi. Firenze.
Meghnagi, Interpretare Freud, Marsilio, Venezia.
Freud, Il motto di spirito;
Freud, Il Disagio della civiltà;
Freud, L'umorismo.

Teorethical-historical presentation of the relationship between philosophy and psychology; critical analysis of representative texts of the theoretical-methodological matters pertaining to the status of philosophy in relation to psychology. 

J. Dewey, Logica, teoria dell’indagine. Einaudi 1949: parti scelte (saranno disponibili in fotocopia).
E. Husserl, Filosofia e psicologia, Filema 2003.
R. M. Calcaterra, R. Dreon (a cura di), Pragmatism and Psychologism, “European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy”, IX, 1, 2017: due saggi a scelta degli studenti
R. Calcaterra, Filosofia della contingenza. Le sfide di Richard Rorty, Marietti 2016.

Recommended texts:
R. Martinelli, Misurare l’anima. Filosofia e psicofisica da Kant a Carnap, Quodlibet 1999
A. Ales Bello, Il senso dell’umano. Tra fenomenologia, psicologia e psicopatologia, Castelvecchi 2016
V. Costa, Husserl, Carocci 2009
R. M. Calcaterra, Idee concrete. Percorsi nella filosofia di John Dewey, Marietti 2011.
R. M. Calcaterra, G. Maddalena, G. Marchetti (a cura di), Il Pragmatismo. Dalle origini agli sviluppi contemporanei (a cura di), Carocci, 2017.

Teleology without final end. Walter Benjamin's Reflections on the Critique of Knowledge, Ethics and Politics and the relation with Kant.

The course will handle Benjamin's attempt to delineate the task of the "true philosopher" and the "true politician", starting from his critique of Kant' philosophy of knowledge and history, between 1916 and 1940.
We will read the essays "On Language in general and on the Language of Men" (1916), "On the Program of the Coming Philosophy" (1917/18), the "Theological-Political Fragment (1920-21 ca), the "Episthemological Preface" to "Origin of the German Tragic Drama" (1925), "On the Concept of History" (1940), and other texts and fragments on knowledge and language, ethics, histoty and politics. We will read three of Kant's writing on history, politics and right: "Toward Perpetual Peace", "Idea of a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan point of View", "Aswer to the Question: What is Enlightment"".

For a choice of texts in english please contact Tamara Tagliacozzo (tamara.tagliacozzo@uniroma3.it)

"Sulla lingua in generale e sulla lingua dell'uomo", in Walter Benjamin, Opere complete, a cura di E. Ganni, vol. I, 2008, pp. 281-295.
"Sul programma della filosofia futura", ivi, pp. 329-341.
"Premessa gnoseologica" a "Il dramma barocco tedesco", a cura di Flavio Cuniberto, Einaudi, Torino 1999, pp. 3-31
Walter Benjamin, La politica e altri scritti. Frammenti III, cura di Dario Gentili, Mimesis 2016.
Walter Benjamin, Sul concetto di storia, a cura di Gianfranco Bonola e Michele Ranchetti, Einaudi, Torino 1997 (VII-XIX, 5-13; 17-103)
Immanuel Kant, "Scritti di storia, politica e diritto", a cura di Filippo Gonnelli, Laterza, Roma-Bari 1995 (pp. VII-XXXV; 29-44; 45-52; 163-207) .
Tamara Tagliacozzo, Esperienza e compito infinito nella filosofia del primo Benjamin, Quodlibet, Macerata 2013 (pp. 253-456).

Optional Texts:

Massimiliano Tomba, “La vera politica.” Kant e Benjamin: la possibilità della giustizia, Macerata, Quodlibet, 2006.

The course focuses on language pathologies, with particular attention to the deficits related to the discursive communication. Among the cases discusses, there are the communicative deficits characterizing pathologies such as autism, schizophrenia, and traumatic brain injury. In such cases, as well as in many neuropsychological and psychopathological disorders, the communicative impairments mainly concern the level of discourse and depend on deficits that primarily involve the cognitive dimension, rather than the linguistic one. Thus, the study of discourse disorders is particularly useful to investigate a more general question that is extremely relevant from a theoretical point of view: the relationships between language and cognition.

The course is scheduled for the second semester 2017-2018. Therefore, the following program is valid starting from the exam session of June-July 2018

Mandatory book:

- Adornetti I., 2018, Patologie del linguaggio e della comunicazione. Carocci, Roma [to be published by the end of March, 2018]

One book to choose among:

- Adornetti I., a cura di, 2015, Pragmatica del discorso e della conversazione, Corisco, Roma-Messina.
- Bambini V., 2017, Il cervello pragmatico, Carocci (Le Bussole), Roma.
- Cardella V., 2013, Perdersi nei giochi linguistici. Schizofrenia, filosofia del linguaggio e scienze cognitive, Corisco, Roma-Messina.
- Jakobson R., ed. it. 2006, Linguaggio infantile e afasia, Einaudi, Torino.
- Surian, L., 2002, Autismo. Indagini sullo sviluppo mentale, Laterza, Roma-Bari.

A) STRUCTURAL RULES EXPRESSED AS LOGICAL RULES: SEQUENT CALCULUS AND DERIVABILITY IN LINEAR LOGIC
B) POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE: FOCUSED SEQUENT CALCULUS FOR LINEAR LOGIC, LUDICS
C) IMPLICIT COMPLEXITY AND LINEAR LOGIC
D) GEOMETRY OF PROOFS: PROOF NETS IN LINEAR LOGIC
E) INVARIANTS AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTION OF PROOFS: COHERENT SPACES, GEOMETRY OF INTERACTION

V. MICHELE ABRUSCI, LEZIONI DI LOGICA LINEARE, 2018 (FORTH COMING)

The axioms of the Zermelo-Fraenkel theory. The ordinals. The axiom of foundation. The axiom of choice. The Cardinals and the continuum hypothesis.

V.M. Abrusci, L. Tortora de Falco, Teoria assiomatica degli insiemi. Lecture Notes.

Advanced course on linguistic change, its mechanisms and explanations at the different levels of analysis. Grammaticalization, degrammaticalization, reanalysis and their relation with Construction Grammar. Historical grammar of IE languages known by students. Etymology and its bibliografical instruments.

Benedetti, M., 203, “L’etimologia tra storia e tipologia”, in Mancini, M. (a cura di), Il mutamento linguistico, Roma, Carocci, 209-262.
Additional material will be provided during the course.

The course shall consider Bloch's conception from his “Spirit of Utopia”, one hundred years after its publication, to highlight the legacy of his thought at a time when it is necessary to face the issue of interreligiousness in the our present.

Ernst Bloch, “Spirit of Utopia”, selected parts
Ernst Bloch, “The principle of Hope”, Vol. I, pp 5-28; vol. III, pp. 1276-1588

Language, behavior, and economics

The aim of the workshop is to critically investigate some models of agents and economic behaviour, starting from the most recent economic theories. In this regard, a historical-theoretical investigation of some key notions used in economics ("identity", "preference", "choice", "behavior") and of the connections between philosophy, psychology and economics will be addressed.

- Akerlof, G.A., Kranton, R.E. (2000). “Economics and Identity”. The Quarterly Journal of Economics CXV/2000/3, 715-753.
- Baggio, G. (2016). “The Influence of Dewey’s and Mead’s Functional Psychology Upon Veblen’s Evolutionary Economics”. European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy 8, 1 (2016), pp. 216-236 (http://ejpap.revues.org/467 ).
- Baggio, G. (2016). “The concept of “behavior” in psychology, epistemology, and economics. Starting from G. H. Mead”, in Abiti e forme di vita. Tra Wittgenstein e il pragmatismo, Special Issue of «Paradigmi» 3, 119-133.
- Baggio, G. (2017). “Sen and Mead on Identity, Agency, and Economic Behavior”. In European Journal of Pragmatism and American Philosophy 9, 1 (2017) (http://ejpap.revues.org/989 ).
- Bruni, L and Sugden, R. (2007). “The Road Not Taken: How Psychology Was Removed From Economics, and How It Might Be Brought Back”. The Economic Journal, 117 (January), 146-173.
- Camerer, C. & Fehr, E. (2006). “When Does ‘Economic Man’ Dominate Social Behavior?”. Science 311, 47-52.
- Carnap, R. (1959). Psychology in Physical Language. In A. Ayer, Logical Positivism, The Free Press, New York.
- Davidson D. (1985). “A new basis for decision theory”, in Theory and Decision 18, 87-98.
- Dewey, J. (1916). The logic of judgment of practice, in The Middle Works of John Dewey, Vol. 8, Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale Illinois 1979, 14-82.
- Fumagalli, F. (2016). “Five theses on neuroeconomics”. Journal of Economic Methodology, 23, 1, 77-96
- Kahneman D.E., Wakker, P., Sarin, R. (1997), “Back to Bentham? Exploration of Experienced Utility”. Quarterly Journal of Economics 112, 375-405.
- Loewenstein, G. (1999). “Experimental Economics from the Vantage-Point of Behavioural Economics”. The Economic Journal, Vol. 109, No. 453, F25-F34.
- Mead, G. H. (1925). La genesi del sé e il controllo sociale (in fotocopia).
- Mullainathan, S., Thaler, R. H. (2000) “Behavioral Economics” (Working Paper 7948), National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge MA, October 2000 (pdf)
- Samuelson P.A. (1948). “Consumption Theory in Terms of Revealed Preference”. Economica, New Series, 15 (60), 243-253.
- Sen A. (1973). “Behaviour and the Concept of Preference”, Economica, New Series, 40 (59), 241-259.
- Thaler, R. H., Sunstein, C.R. (2008). Nudge. La spinta gentile, Feltrinelli 2009, Capitoli 1-5.
- Tversky, A., Kahneman, D. (1981). “The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice”, Science, New Series, Vol. 211, No. 4481. (Jan. 30, 1981), 453-458.
- Sellars W. (1980). “Behaviorism, Language and Meaning”. Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 61, 3-30.
- Veblen, T. (1898). “Why is Economics not an Evolutionary Science?" (pdf)

the lab will examine different themes: the comparison between linguistic and musical comprehension; the distinction between expressiveness and expression; the hypothesis concerning the musical horigin of language; the link between music and emotions; the articulation of the voice, singing and speaking.

• G. Agamben, Vocazione e voce, in Id., La potenza del pensiero. Saggi e conferenze, Neri Pozza, Vicenza 2005, pp. 78-91 -
• G. Agamben, La musica suprema. Musica e politica, in Id., Che cos’è la filosofia?, Quodlibet, Macerata 2016, pp. 135-146. -
• C. Dahlhaus, Musica come testo, in Id., In altri termini. Saggi sulla musica, Ricordi, 83 Milano 2009, pp. 219-241. -
• V. Jankélévitch, La musica e l’ineffabile, Bompiani, Milano 2001. -
• P. Kivy, Filosofia della musica. Un’introduzione, Einaudi, Torino 2002. -
• S. K. Langer, Filosofia in una nuova chiave, Armando, Roma 1972. -
• J. Levinson, L’espressività musicale, in La musica e le emozioni. Percorsi nell’estetica analitica, a cura di D. Lentini, Mimesis, Milano-Udine 2014, pp. 107-145. -
• S. Mithen, Il canto degli antenati. Le origini della musica, del canto, della mente e del corpo, Carocci, Roma 2008. -
• S. Oliva, La chiave musicale di Wittgenstein. Tautologia, gesto, atmosfera, Mimesis, Milano-Udine 2016. -
• O. Sacks, Parola e canto: afasia e musicoterapia, in Id., Musicofilia. Racconti sulla musica e il cervello, Adelphi, Milano 2010, pp. 274-286.