During the course we will focus on the most significant developments involving the civilization that flourished in the area now occupied by the city of Rome from the 8th century BCE onward. In particular, the course aims to examine the main aspects concerning its cultural and socioeconomic history, cross-referencing the evidence preserved through the historical-antiquarian tradition with archaeological data: under the lens will be in particular the dynamics of conflict, exchanges with other communities, the formation of the Roman community and its institutions, the role of religion. The reconstruction of the earliest history of Roman civilization poses numerous problems in terms of methodology and interpretation of the sources, which over the centuries have fueled very heated debates that are still alive today: the main discussions and the different positions that have emerged within them will be the subject of specific examination, in order to introduce students to the dynamics of scientific confrontation in the field of antiquarian historiography

This course is devoted to the earliest epigraphic evidence in Latin, from the earliest 8th-century attestations up to the finds of the early Republican age. These inscriptions convey invaluable information about many aspects related to language, private life and political culture in the early centuries of Rome, enabling us to grasp fragments of otherwise obscure processes and phenomena. Only rarely and with much effort is it possible to compare the information conveyed by archaic epigraphy with clues handed down by sources of a different nature: for this reason, the study of the oldest Latin inscriptions confronts the historian with the need to make every minute detail worth it in order to gather clues useful for reconstructing the sociocultural context within which the inscriptions were produced. This means that although the techniques and methodologies are the same as those used in the study of more recent inscriptions, archaic epigraphy requires a different and specific application of them - greater weight is given, for example, to linguistic aspects - to which students will be introduced in the course of the lectures.

The course is divided into four parts.
The first part aims to clarify the boundaries of the discipline, the semantic system underlying it, and the theories about the ways and times of the adoption of alphabetic writing in ancient Greece.
The second part, entitled “From Psephos to Psephisma”, examines the role of writing in the judicial, normative and legislative procedures. It considers a number of different types of inscriptions which illustrate the evolution of this process, from the simple inscriptions of the instrumentum publicum to the more elaborate epigraphic representation of assembly decrees.
The third part, “Greeks and non-Greeks in Magna Graecia”, is dedicated to an in-depth examination of a distinctive historical context. It employs the epigraphic approach to investigate the interactions between the Greek people of Magna Graecia and the indigenous populations. A particular emphasis will be placed on the relationship between the Tarentines and the Messapians.
The fourth and final part of the course will be devoted to workshop activities.

Students are asked to study M. Guarducci, L’epigrafia greca dalle origini al tardo impero (IPZS, Rome 1987) and the handouts provided during the course

Course title:
Cassiodorus' De anima

Course description:
The module, of a monographic nature, intends first of all to retrace, in broad terms, the developments of a theme - that of the soul - dear to the tradition of Western thought since its beginnings, and capable, as well as incessantly nourishing philosophical and religious reflection, so to speak, of a high level, also having a singular impact on mentalities, on the imagination, on life behaviors, on the self-perception and representation of the human being in Western culture, particularly in the Latin Middle Ages. A work will then be analyzed - Cassiodorus' De anima - which enjoyed widespread success for a long time, and which, due to its eclectic character but not without traits of originality, lends itself well to providing an articulated and problematic status quaestionis on the theme , as it took shape in the early medieval centuries, before the more complete elaborations of Scholasticism. – As part of the module, exercises will also be activated aimed at orienting towards the knowledge and use of the main bibliographic and IT tools for the study and research on Middle Latin authors.

- MAGNI AURELII CASSIODORI De anima, cura et studio J. W. Halporn, Brepols, Turnholti 1973 (Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina 96, 533-575).
- M. DI MARCO, Scelta e utilizzazione delle fonti nel "De anima" di Cassiodoro, in Studi e Materiali di Storia delle religioni, n.s. IX,1 (1985) 93-117;
- M. DI MARCO, Note sulla simbologia dei numeri nel "De anima" di Cassiodoro, in Cassiodoro dalla Corte di Ravenna al Vivarium di Squillace. Atti del Convegno Internazionale, Squillace 25-27 ottobre 1990, a cura di S. Leanza, Rubbettino, Soveria Mannelli-Messina 1993, 199-212.
- M. DI MARCO, Virtus adunationis. Alcuni esempi di innovazione lessicale nel De anima di Cassiodoro, in Varietate delectamur. Multifarious Approaches to Synchronic and Diachronic Variation in Latin. Selected Papers from the 14th International Colloquium on Late and Vulgar Latin (Ghent, 2022), Brepols, Turnhout 2024 (in corso di stampa).
- Anima e corpo nella cultura medievale, a cura di C. Casagrande e S. Vecchio, Ed. SISMEL, Firenze 1999 (Millennio medievale, 15).

The course aims to address the study of the characteristics of Latin and Greek manuscripts, with particular regard to their value for philological and historical-cultural studies. In this regard, both the external characteristics of manuscripts will be examined (material techniques for the preparation of the book as a physical object, methods and tools for its preparation, with regard to the professional figures involved in the production process), and the cultural panorama of the times and places of origin of manuscript books. Therefore, each aspect will be illustrated by choosing a reference manuscript witness.
This course will include both the examination of reproductions of manuscripts, in paper and electronic format, and the direct examination of manuscripts and writing materials, through visits to archives and libraries.

The final exam will include the knowledge of the material provided during lessons and the discussion of one subject which the student will decide to study in depth. In addition students are required to study the following texts:
• M. Maniaci, Breve storia del libro manoscritto, Roma, Carocci, 2019;
• M. L. Agati, Il libro manoscritto da Oriente a Occidente. Per una codicologia comparata, L’Erma di Bretschneider, Roma 2009 (a selection of chapters);
• M. Cursi, Le forme del libro. Dalla tavoletta cerata all’e-book, Il Mulino, Bologna 2016, cap. III (pp. 97-160);
• Two articles among those presented during the course.

Course Title:
Saint Sebastian: Between Legend and Devotion

Course Description:
This course aims to reconstruct the early phases of the veneration of the (bi)martyr saint, Saint Sebastian. He is first recorded in the Depositio martyrum of 354, with a commemoration date of January 20, noting his burial on the Via Appia ad catacumbas, where the Memoria Apostolorum was located (later known as the Basilica Apostolorum under Constantine). Subsequently, he is briefly mentioned by Ambrose in his Commentary on Psalm 118 and ultimately becomes the central figure in the Passio Sancti Sebastiani, written between 430 and 450 by Arnobius the Younger, an African monk contemporary with Augustine, residing in the monastery established next to the Basilica Apostolorum. The course will particularly focus on analyzing this text, which enjoyed significant popularity. Students interested in exploring further may participate in a storytelling workshop with professional actors, who, alongside the course instructor, are engaged in a project to enhance the Basilica of Saint Sebastian in celebration of the Jubilee. This workshop aims to immerse students in the performative dimension characteristic of many ancient and medieval hagiographical texts.

Michael Lapidge (ed.), The Roman Martyrs, Oxford 2018.
Further bibliography willl be provided during the course

1453: Notes from Underground (“La chute de Constantinople est un malheur personnel qui nous est arrivé la semaine dernière”, Antoine Bibesco)
The Byzantine Philology LM module, which is designed for students of Philology, Literature and History of Antiquity, will be devoted to a careful reading of the most relevant sources - from both a historical and a specifically poliorcetic point of view - of the fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453.
The course will provide a topographical overview of the Eastern capital before attempting a reconstruction of the phases of the long siege that brought an end, at least politically, to the eleven centuries of 'Byzantine life' in Constantinople. The analysis of the events will be carried out, first of all, through a comparative reading of 'official' sources of both sides in the field, i.e. the Byzantine (George Sphrantzes, Doukas, Critoboulus, Laonikos Chalkokondyles) and the Western ones (Isidore of Kiev, Leonardo di Chio, Niccolò Barbaro, Angelo Giovanni Lomellino, Ubertino Pusculo), but also the Ottoman ones (Tursun Beg and Ibn Kemâl). At a later stage, however, the exegesis of this first group of sources will be supplemented by the examination of lesser-known testimonies whose origins can more likely be traced to intelligence circles. Aside from being extremely valuable for reconstructing the last, decisive hours of the siege, they are also extremely useful for understanding how such an event influenced the entire Mediterranean geopolitical environment. By participating in such an exegetical work, which is partially interactive, students have direct access to the research activity carried out by the chair of Byzantinistics at Roma Tre on the fall of Constantinople.
For the conclusion of the course, students will have the opportunity to attend an educational trip to the Peloponnese, in particular to the archaeological site of Mystras (Unesco heritage site since 1989), organized in collaboration with the Italian Cultural Institute of Athens and the Ephorate of Antiquities of Lakonia. The main purpose of the event will be to present on site to the participants various elements illustrated during the course of the lectures.

MANDATORY TEXTS
- S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
- A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

First semester.
Time: 6 hours/week: Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, 12 to 2 p.m. Location: Sala riunioni di Mondo Antico. Beginning: Wednesday, October 2, 2024.

Course title 2024-2025: Roman Traditions and Apostolic Legends: Nereus and Achilleus, Processus and Martinianus and their passiones.

Some of the Roman passiones (5th-7th centuries) dedicated to martyred saints venerated in the Urbs intersect the events narrated in them with legends about Peter and Paul and the final part of their lives. The Passion of Saints Nereus and Achilleus and the Passion of Saints Processus and Martinianus will be explored in the course, according to various perspectives of investigation and with the active involvement of students.
The course is seminar-based in nature and involves the active participation of students.

Lecture materials (including critical editions of texts read in class) will be provided by the teacher.

General section.
For students who have never taken an exam in Ancient Christian Literature: M. SIMONETTI - E. PRINZIVALLI, Storia della letteratura cristiana antica, Bologna: EDB, 2022.
For students who have already taken exams in Ancient Christian Literature: H.Y. GAMBLE, Libri e lettori nella chiesa antica, Brescia: Paideia, 2006.

1453: The 55 Days that Changed the World (“Ci sono luoghi in cui la storia è inevitabile come un incidente automobilistico — luoghi in cui la geografia provoca la storia. Uno è Istanbul, alias Costantinopoli, alias Bisanzio”. Iosif Brodskij)
Byzantine History and Civilisation LM module, which primarily targets Art History; Archaeology; Religions, Cultures, History; History and Society; Philology, Literatures and History of Antiquity students, examines the fall of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks on 29 May 1453, following fifty-five days of siege led by the young and ambitious Sultan Mehmet II Fatih.
A topographical survey of the Byzantine capital will be provided in the course: Using maps, a faithful reconstruction of the city on the eve of its fall will be presented, highlighting the defensive structures, including the great Theodosian walls, the sea walls around the Sea of Marmara and the Golden Horn, and the walls surrounding the imperial palace of the Blacherne.; finally, the harbour, which was barred to enemy ships in the event of an attack by stretching a long chain from Constantinople to Pera/Galata in front). After that, the course will clearly reconstruct the various phases of the siege and the final battle, illustrating the findings of the research conducted by the chair of Byzantinistics at Roma Tre and corroborated by articles published and presentations given in national and international scientific contexts. These findings contradict the widely held view that the victory of the Turks was inevitable, due to superior numerical strength and armament, or even due to the "will to fall" (Braudel) of an exhausted Byzantium on a political level.
For the conclusion of the course, students will have the opportunity to attend an educational trip to the Peloponnese, in particular to the archaeological site of Mystras (Unesco heritage site since 1989), organized in collaboration with the Italian Cultural Institute of Athens and the Ephorate of Antiquities of Lakonia. The main purpose of the event will be to present on site to the participants various elements illustrated during the course of the lectures.

MANDATORY TEXTS
- S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
- A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

First semester
Timetable: Thursday, 4-6 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica); Friday, 1-4 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica)
Start date: October 3, 2024

Title of the class: Between Antiquity and Byzantium: Synesius of Cyrene, Neoplatonic Philosopher and Christian Bishop (“Eppure quale realtà è più reale in sé/ che nella sua trasformazione in altro – potrei quasi ripetere a memoria./ E non è altro, è la sua profondità medesima – anche questo non devo impararlo”, Mario Luzi)

The class shall deal with an emblematic figure of Late Antiquity: Synesius of Cyrene. After being a student of the pagan philosopher Hypatia at her school in Alexandria in the 390s, Synesius was consecrated bishop of Ptolemais by the intransigent patriarch Theophilus in 411 AD. With the exception of a few introductory lectures, each meeting shall be devoted to the analysis of a specific aspect of the author’s cultural legacy – which ranges from parenetics to literary criticism, from the philosophy of history to sacred poetry – with a particular focus on his work On Dreams.

MANDATORY TEXTS:
- Neil, B., “Synesius of Cyrene on Dreams as a Pathway to the Divine”, Phronema 30/2 (2015), pp. 19-36.
- Viltanioti, I.-F., “Synesius of Cyrene: Philosophy and Poetry ʻSharing the Same Templeʼ”, in Edwards, M. J. (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Early Christian Philosophy, Routledge, Abingdon-New York 2020, pp. 528-548.

Seneca and the power: the two faces of an intellectual between commitment and compromise.
The course will offer a presentation of the literary context of Seneca's "Apokokokyntosis" and "Consolatio ad Polybium", and will proceed with the integral reading, interpretation and commentary of both works, paying particular attention to the formal aspects of style and, where present, of metric.

- For "Apokolokyntosis":
an edition chosen among: Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokolokyntosis, a cura di G. Vannini, Milano (Mondadori), Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokokyntosis, introduzione, traduzione e note a cura di R. Mugellesi, Milani (Rizzoli) e Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokokyntosis, a cura di G. Focardi, Firenze (Giunti).

- For "Consolatio ad Polybium":
Lucio Anneo Seneca, Le consolazioni: a Marcia, alla madre Helvia, a Polibio, introduzione, traduzione e note di A. Traina, Milano (Rizzoli).

This course is devoted to the earliest epigraphic evidence in Latin, from the earliest 8th-century attestations up to the finds of the early Republican age. These inscriptions convey invaluable information about many aspects related to language, private life and political culture in the early centuries of Rome, enabling us to grasp fragments of otherwise obscure processes and phenomena. Only rarely and with much effort is it possible to compare the information conveyed by archaic epigraphy with clues handed down by sources of a different nature: for this reason, the study of the oldest Latin inscriptions confronts the historian with the need to make every minute detail worth it in order to gather clues useful for reconstructing the sociocultural context within which the inscriptions were produced. This means that although the techniques and methodologies are the same as those used in the study of more recent inscriptions, archaic epigraphy requires a different and specific application of them - greater weight is given, for example, to linguistic aspects - to which students will be introduced in the course of the lectures.

- Outlines of the manuscript transmission and principles of textual criticism of Latin literary texts.

- "Cruel Venus”: Seneca's "Phaedra". The course will offer a presentation of the literary context of Latin tragedy, and will proceed to philological reading, interpretation and commentary of the entire text of the senecan drama, paying particular attention to aspects of manuscript tradition and ecdotics, as well as poetic form (relationship with the models , with particular attention to Euripides' "Hippolytus", metre, style).

- - P. Chiesa, La trasmissione dei testi latini. Storia e metodo critico, Roma (Carocci);
- M. De Nonno, Transmission and Textual Criticism, in The Oxford Handbook of Roman Studies, edd. A. Barchiesi & W. Scheidel, Oxford University Press, pp. 31-48 [photocopies of this work will be made available on line ]
- P. Maas, La critica del testo. Traduzione a cura di G. Ziffer, Roma (Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura).

- Seneca, Fedra, introduzione, traduzione e commento a cura di A. Casamento, ed. Carocci

Dante from Vita Nova to Paradise. The course is dedicated to Dante's poetry and the development of his style. The first part includes reading, contextualization and commentary of Vita nova and part of the Rime. The second part will be occupied by the complete reading with commentary of Paradise. In addition to in-depth studies on Dante's literary language, the main hermeneutical junctions of the third canticle will be examined, also in relation to Dante's self-exegesis expressed in the Epistle to Cangrande. The course includes lectures dedicated to the reading and commentary of the proposed works, with critical insights. The final part of the course will be dedicated to the creation of critical and didactic paths on the basis of the two works considered.
The course includes frontal teaching dedicated to reading and commenting on the works considered, with critical insights. The final part of the course will be dedicated to the creation of critical and educational paths based on the two works considered.

Texts:
Dante Alighieri, Vita nova, introduzione, revisione del testo e commento di Stefano Carrai, Milano, Rizzoli, 2009.
Dante Alighieri, Paradiso, a cura di G. Inglese, Roma, Carocci, 2016.
Dante Alighieri, Epistola a Cangrande, a cura di L. Azzetta, Roma-Padova, Antenore, 2024.
Bibliography:
Stefano Carrai, Il primo libro di Dante. Un'idea della "Vita Nova", Pisa, Edizioni della Normale, 2020.
Roberto Rea, Dante: guida alla Vita nuova, Roma, Carocci, 2021.
Luca Marcozzi, Dante e la povertà, Roma, Carocci, 2024.
One volume to be chosen among the two of the Lectura Dantis Romana, Cento canti per cento anni, III. Paradiso, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2014 (1. Canti I-XVII, or 2. Canti XVIII-XXXIII).
Non-attending students will add: Roberto Antonelli, Dante poeta-giudice del mondo terreno, Roma, Viella, 2021..
Any further bibliography will be indicated on the Teams channel of the course

Dante's «Purgatory»

The course aims to offer a comprehensive and in-depth reading of Dante's "Purgatorio." Defined by the historian Jacques Le Goff as the "poetic triumph" of the purgatorial realm, the second cantica of the "Commedia" represents the first and most significant artistic elaboration of this afterlife zone, the existence of which had been definitively recognized by the Church only a few years earlier (1274). Special attention will be given to the ways in which the poet constructs an extremely detailed and profoundly coherent space from multiple perspectives (cosmological, theological, penitential). Its various sources will be examined, with special attention to the religious practices and the theological speculation of the time. Furthermore, the course will delve deeply into Dante's reflection on poetry in this cantica: from his encounters with Casella, the troubadour Sordello, and the classical poet Statius; to his investigation of fame and artistic progress in Canto 11, and the pivotal Cantos 24 and 26 where Dante engages with various predecessors, fully defining his own poetics and a tradition of reference.

Texts:
- Dante, "Divina Commedia. Purgatorio", a cura di Anna Maria Chiavacci Leonardi, Milano, Mondadori, 1994 [and further editions]
NB: the "Purgatorio" must be read in its entirety.

Critical bibliography (on Moodle):
- E. Auerbach, "Sacrae scripturae sermo humilis", in Id., "Studi su Dante", Milano, Feltrinelli, 2002, pp. 167-175 [1941];
- G. Contini, "Dante come personaggio poeta", in Id., "Un’idea di Dante. Saggi danteschi", Torino, Einaudi, 20013, pp. 33-62;
- A. Pegoretti, "Dal «lito diserto» al giardino. La costruzione del paesaggio nel «Purgatorio» di Dante", Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2007.

Students not attending lectures will integrate their preparation reading the following essays (on Moodle):
- C. Delcorno, "Exemplum e letteratura tra Medioevo e Rinascimento", Bologna, il Mulino, 1989, Introduzione e pp. 195-227;
- E. Pasquini, "Il dominio metaforico", in Id., "Dante e le figure del vero. La fabbrica della «Commedia»", Milano: Bruno Mondadori, 2001, pp. 179-217
- E. Raimondi, "Rito e storia nel primo canto del «Purgatorio»", in Id., "Metafora e storia. Studi su Dante e Petrarca", Torino: Einaudi, 1977 [1970], pp. 65-94.

Renaissance is the season of the long narrative, the epic-chivalric poem (Boiardo, Ariosto, Tasso), in many ways the direct ancestor of the modern novel; but it is also an incredibly prolific season for the short story, which, starting from Boccaccio's model, acquires different forms, in verse and prose (including many antecedents and sources of Shakespeare). The course will follow the evolution and interaction between these two narrative genres and examine related issues, from the question of the open narrative (the novel, which also originated as a serial story) or closed narrative (novella incorniciata) to the success with the general public.

Attendig students:
Handouts supplied by the professor and downloadable from Teams
A book of your chice from among:
- R. Bruscagli, Studi cavallereschi, Firenze, Società Editrice Fiorentina, 2003
- G. Mazzacurati, All’ombra di Dioneo: tipologie e percorsi della novella da Boccaccio a Bandello, a cura di Matteo Palumbo, Scandicci, La Nuova Italia, 1996 (in fotocopie)
- M. Roggero, Le carte piene di sogni. Testi e lettori in età moderna, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2006

Non-attending students:
Supplementary handouts
S. Carapezza, La novella nel Cinquecento, Milano, Unicopli, 2013

This course focuses on practice of teaching Latin language in the schools with reference to morphology, metrical analysis and prose text translation

Didactic handouts available on the teacher's online page

The course has a monographic character dedicated to the language of twentieth-century theatre, with particular reference to Luigi Pirandello, Eduardo De Filippo and Dario Fo.

For a reference framework on twentieth-century theater and the work of the three authors, refer to the volume:
- C. Giovanardi - P. Trifone, La lingua del teatro, Bologna, il Mulino, 2015.

The course aims to provide essential tools for critically and consciously addressing the contents and the challenges posed by the teaching of Ancient Greek in secondary schools today. The lessons will follow two main thematic strands:
(A) The regulatory framework governing the teaching of Greek language and literature in secondary schools;
(B) Methodologies and tools, especially digital ones, useful for developing educational pathways (for themes, literary genres, and historical-cultural contexts); in this context, the reference texts will be Plato's Protagoras and Phaedrus.
Attendance at the course is optional. Attending students must ensure attendance at at least two-thirds of the classes (24 out of 36 hours). For attending students, a reduction of the program is provided (see section C in Bibliography).

For sections A and B, the bibliographic material will be provided to students by the teacher at the beginning of the lessons; (C) a choice of one volume among: F. Carta Piras, Didattica della lingua e della letteratura greca. Materiali per la didattica del greco e per la funzione docente (Sandhi: Ortacesus 2011); L. Canfora – U. Cardinale (eds.), Disegnare il futuro con intelligenza antica. L’insegnamento del latino e del greco antico in Italia e nel mondo (Il Mulino: Bologna 2012); R. Oniga – U. Cardinale (eds.), Lingue antiche e moderne dai licei alle università (Il Mulino: Bologna 2012). Attending students are not required to prepare this part of the bibliography

Romanticism, travel, memory: from Europe to Italy.

Bibliography:
M. Puppo, Il Romanticismo, Roma, Studium; can be replaced with:
E. Raimondi, Romanticismo italiano e romanticismo europeo, Milano, Bruno Mondadori
F. Suitner, I Promessi Sposi, un'idea di romanzo, Roma, Carocci
Further information on the texts to be prepared will be provided during the lessons.
Non-attending students will contact the teacher for instructions and additions to the program.

The course is devoted to the history and evolution of a particular genre of literary criticism: the Lectura Dantis. After a first part of lectures dedicated to focusing on the particular genre of criticism, some examples of Lectura Dantis will be presented and analysed. During the course, in addition to a series of seminar activities, students will be asked to produce their own Lectura Dantis.

Dante Alighieri, Purgatorio

The bucolic epos. The Theocritus’ bucolic Idylls
M. M:.Palumbo con note di L. Bettarini, Teocrito. Idilli e Epigrammi, Milano 2021, BUR.
Adele Teresa Cozzoli, Poeta e Filologo. Studi di poesia ellenistica, Roma 2012 (Herder edizioni)
G. Serrao, La poesia bucolica: realtà campeste e stilizzazione letteraria in L. Moretti, G. Serrao, M. Torelli, L. Franchi dell’Orto, Storia e Civiltà dei Greci, La Cultura ellenistica, 9, Bompiani, Milano 2000, pp. 180-199
Per la metrica si consiglia: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95; Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

M. M: Palumbo con note di L. Bettarini, Teocrito. Idilli e Epigrammi, Milano 2021, BUR.
Adele Teresa Cozzoli, Poeta e Filologo. Studi di poesia ellenistica, Roma 2012 (Herder edizioni)
G. Serrao, La poesia bucolica: realtà campeste e stilizzazione letteraria in L. Moretti, G. Serrao, M. Torelli, L. Franchi dell’Orto, Storia e Civiltà dei Greci, La Cultura ellenistica, 9, Bompiani, Milano 2000, pp. 180-199
Per la metrica si consiglia: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95; Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

The course “Greek Literature I LM” (“Materials for a cognitive criticism of literary texts in ancient Greece”) is intended for students who wish to combine deepening their knowledge of Ancient Greek with acquiring valid critical tools for interpreting literary texts. The course includes:
(A) a series of lectures aimed at illustrating the assumptions and methods of a cognitive-based literary criticism calibrated on the forms of ancient Greek literature;
(B) reading, translation, and commentary in class on a selection of texts (both in poetry and prose). Part of the texts to be worked on in class will be assigned to students so that they can be the subject of personal elaboration and presentation in class.
Attendance at the course is optional. Attending students must ensure attendance at at least two-thirds of the classes (24 out of 36 hours). For attending students, a reduction of the program is provided (see section C in Bibliography).

(A) An essential bibliography will be indicated by the teacher at the beginning of the course; it is strongly recommended to study T. Cave, Thinking with Literature: Towards a Cognitive Criticism (Oxford University Press: Oxford 2016); (B) The selection of texts to be examined in the course will be distributed by the teacher through e-learning channels (Teams); (C) M. Fantuzzi - R. L. Hunter, Tradition and Innovation in Hellenistic Poetry (CUP: Cambridge 2004). Attending students are not required to prepare on this volume.

First semester.
Time: 6 hours/week: Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, 12 to 2 p.m. Location: Sala riunioni di Mondo Antico. Beginning: Wednesday, October 2, 2024.

Course title 2024-2025: Roman Traditions and Apostolic Legends: Nereus and Achilleus, Processus and Martinianus and their passiones.

Some of the Roman passiones (5th-7th centuries) dedicated to martyred saints venerated in the Urbs intersect the events narrated in them with legends about Peter and Paul and the final part of their lives. The Passion of Saints Nereus and Achilleus and the Passion of Saints Processus and Martinianus will be explored in the course, according to various perspectives of investigation and with the active involvement of students.
The course is seminar-based in nature and involves the active participation of students.

Lecture materials (including critical editions of texts read in class) will be provided by the teacher.

General section.
For students who have never taken an exam in Ancient Christian Literature: M. SIMONETTI - E. PRINZIVALLI, Storia della letteratura cristiana antica, Bologna: EDB, 2022.
For students who have already taken exams in Ancient Christian Literature: H.Y. GAMBLE, Libri e lettori nella chiesa antica, Brescia: Paideia, 2006.

Moses the Egyptian. Texts and images of a myth.

This course aims to explore the narrative traditions about Moses against the background of Egyptian history and culture as perceived in antiquity and as revealed by modern research.

Notes and texts distributed during lessons.

The course is divided into four parts.
The first part aims to clarify the boundaries of the discipline, the semantic system underlying it, and the theories about the ways and times of the adoption of alphabetic writing in ancient Greece.
The second part, entitled “From Psephos to Psephisma”, examines the role of writing in the judicial, normative and legislative procedures. It considers a number of different types of inscriptions which illustrate the evolution of this process, from the simple inscriptions of the instrumentum publicum to the more elaborate epigraphic representation of assembly decrees.
The third part, “Greeks and non-Greeks in Magna Graecia”, is dedicated to an in-depth examination of a distinctive historical context. It employs the epigraphic approach to investigate the interactions between the Greek people of Magna Graecia and the indigenous populations. A particular emphasis will be placed on the relationship between the Tarentines and the Messapians.
The fourth and final part of the course will be devoted to workshop activities.

Students are asked to study M. Guarducci, L’epigrafia greca dalle origini al tardo impero (IPZS, Rome 1987) and the handouts provided during the course

Papyrus in the Middle Ages: A Mediterranean History (4th-11th Centuries).

This course aims to address, through seminar-style approaches, the history of papyrus in the Middle Ages. It is a classic topic that, starting from Henri Pirenne's research, has been consistently investigated by scholars of written culture, who have viewed papyrus as a writing material, as well as by historians of economics, who have regarded papyrus as an indicator of trade relations across the Mediterranean.

Taking into account interpretations and debates surrounding this topic or related themes, the lessons aim to discuss studies (books, essays), and especially sources (translated into Italian) based on a specific questionnaire: in which areas of the Mediterranean was papyrus produced, and how? What were the logics, dynamics, and economic actors of its circulation across the Mediterranean after the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476)? Did circulation encounter obstacles after the 7th century due to religious differences between Islam and Christianity? What were its areas of usage? How did these areas of usage vary depending on the cultural, geographical, economic, and political contexts? What impact did the economic logic of papyrus have on European cultural dynamics? When did the history of papyrus end, and why? How does the history of papyrus interact with our understanding of the cultural and economic history of the medieval Mediterranean?

Note well: In addition to participating in the discussions during the lessons, in the final section of the course students will be required to prepare and discuss, individually or in groups, a brief written text.

For attending students, the exam is essentially based on the materials provided by the professor and discussed in class. For reference reading, one can consider D. Internullo, Il papiro, la pergamena e le origini della memoria archivistica dell’Europa occidentale (secoli VI-XI), in Segni, sogni, materie e scrittura dall’Egitto tardoantico all’Europa carolingia, ed. by A. Ghignoli, M. Boccuzzi, A. Monte, N. Sietis, Roma 2023, pp. 119-162 (it will be available in the proper Teams channel)

For non-attending students, the examination is based on the comprehensive study of:
H. Pirenne, Maometto e Carlomagno, any of the many editions available
- C. Picard, Il mare dei califfi. Storia del Mediterraneo musulmano (secoli VII-XII), Roma, Carocci, 2017
- D. Internullo, Il papiro, la pergamena e le origini della memoria archivistica dell’Europa occidentale (secoli VI-XI), in Segni, sogni, materie e scrittura dall’Egitto tardoantico all’Europa carolingia, ed. by A. Ghignoli, M. Boccuzzi, A. Monte, N. Sietis, Roma 2023, pp. 119-162
Note well: in addition to an integral study, non-attending students are also asked to make the three readings interact with each other, trying in particular to understand: a) how our knowledge of Mediterranean history has changed since Pirenne's book publication - thus paying attention to Picard's book in this regard; b) how the data on papyrus circulation (cf. Internullo's essay) interacts with our knowledge of the Mediterranean.

Note well 2: A remedial programme must be agreed with the lecturer for those who have never taken a basic Medieval History examination (M-STO/01).

The course aims to address the study of the characteristics of Latin and Greek manuscripts, with particular regard to their value for philological and historical-cultural studies. In this regard, both the external characteristics of manuscripts will be examined (material techniques for the preparation of the book as a physical object, methods and tools for its preparation, with regard to the professional figures involved in the production process), and the cultural panorama of the times and places of origin of manuscript books. Therefore, each aspect will be illustrated by choosing a reference manuscript witness.
This course will include both the examination of reproductions of manuscripts, in paper and electronic format, and the direct examination of manuscripts and writing materials, through visits to archives and libraries.

The final exam will include the knowledge of the material provided during lessons and the discussion of one subject which the student will decide to study in depth. In addition students are required to study the following texts:
• M. Maniaci, Breve storia del libro manoscritto, Roma, Carocci, 2019;
• M. L. Agati, Il libro manoscritto da Oriente a Occidente. Per una codicologia comparata, L’Erma di Bretschneider, Roma 2009 (a selection of chapters);
• M. Cursi, Le forme del libro. Dalla tavoletta cerata all’e-book, Il Mulino, Bologna 2016, cap. III (pp. 97-160);
• Two articles among those presented during the course.

First semester
Timetable: Thursday, 4-6 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica); Friday, 1-4 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica)
Start date: October 3, 2024

Title of the class: Between Antiquity and Byzantium: Synesius of Cyrene, Neoplatonic Philosopher and Christian Bishop (“Eppure quale realtà è più reale in sé/ che nella sua trasformazione in altro – potrei quasi ripetere a memoria./ E non è altro, è la sua profondità medesima – anche questo non devo impararlo”, Mario Luzi)

The class shall deal with an emblematic figure of Late Antiquity: Synesius of Cyrene. After being a student of the pagan philosopher Hypatia at her school in Alexandria in the 390s, Synesius was consecrated bishop of Ptolemais by the intransigent patriarch Theophilus in 411 AD. With the exception of a few introductory lectures, each meeting shall be devoted to the analysis of a specific aspect of the author’s cultural legacy – which ranges from parenetics to literary criticism, from the philosophy of history to sacred poetry – with a particular focus on his work On Dreams.

MANDATORY TEXTS:
- Neil, B., “Synesius of Cyrene on Dreams as a Pathway to the Divine”, Phronema 30/2 (2015), pp. 19-36.
- Viltanioti, I.-F., “Synesius of Cyrene: Philosophy and Poetry ʻSharing the Same Templeʼ”, in Edwards, M. J. (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Early Christian Philosophy, Routledge, Abingdon-New York 2020, pp. 528-548.

For Bachelor and Master's degree students.
Second semester. Hours: one meeting per week will be held, lasting three academic hours, Laboratorio Informatico of the Area di Mondo Antico (LISA).
Course start: March 2025.
The mode of the course delivery will depend on the University regulations in force at the time. In any case, since it is a laboratory, which requires direct teacher-student interaction, there is NO registration of meetings and attendance (in the possible modes) is mandatory.

The Laboratory introduces to the knowledge of the main informatic resources for the historical and philological studies related to Antiquity, Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
- Introduction. Word-processor features. Multilingual keyboards; writing in ancient Greek.
- Creation of a scientific bibliography; methods of citation. Tools for bibliographic research: bibliographic repertories; on-line consultation of catalogues (OPAC); on-line consultation of books and periodicals (open access and by subscription); on-line reviews.
- Analysis of literary texts: text databases; electronic dictionaries; software for text analysis and lexical research on Greek and Latin texts.
- Research of epigraphic and papyraceous sources; research and consultation of manuscripts.

The teacher provides the didactic materials necessary for the carrying out of the Laboratory.

The course aims to convey a solid knowledge of written Italian, addressing, with a practical approach, various topics related to the structure of the text and the different textual typologies. It will also address topics useful for the acquisition of a correct writing method and the creation of texts, with particular attention to the typologies necessary for one's course of study.

The student, through examples and practical exercises on traditions (mono and pluritestimoniali) of texts of Italian literature, will deepen the knowledge of ecdotic tools aimed at the constitution of a critical edition, both in the field of reconstructive philology and in that of authorial philology. The theoretical and practical character of the Laboratory, with the active participation of each student, requires a programmed number of 25 students.

Applications for enrollment (both for bachelor's and master's degree students) can be sent by e-mail to silvia.finazzi@uniroma3.it, from 7th January to the last week of February 2025. For a better organization of enrollments and activities, students interested in participating are requested to indicate the following essential data in their e-mails: 1) matriculation number; 2) course of study; 3) philological exams already taken and/or philological courses already attended.

At the beginning of the lessons, the materials needed to carry out the practical exercises and any additional bibliography will be indicated and provided to the students.

Introduction to Biblical Hebrew

In this workshop students will learn the first elements of Hebrew grammar, and how to translate narrative texts of Hebrew Bible.

G. Deiana – A. Spreafico, Guida allo studio dell'ebraico biblico, Roma 1997 (e ristampe).
Exercises and texts distributed during course sessions.

“Vuoti di memoria” (“Voids of Memory”) is a TV program conceived by Loredana Rotondo in the early 2000s to bring attention back to some figures either forgotten or slipped to the margins of public discourse. Over the course of several years, 20 episodes of about 35 minutes each were produced. These documentaries are built primarily on both visual and textual sources, and on interviews aiming to situate the protagonists within their network of relationships.
Ten episodes were selected for the workshop, dedicated to the following figures:
Carla Lonzi
Giuseppe De Santis
Paola Levi Montalcini
Amelia Rosselli
Goliarda Sapienza
Bruno Munari
Cristina Campo
Annibale Ruccello
Gino Martinoli
Danilo Dolci
The workshop is organized in a series of meetings centered on the screening of documentaries and their analysis. It intends to deepen practices related to the use of visual, textual and oral sources, fundamental to the work of historical reconstruction. The workshop is curated by Professors Laura Fortini, Laura Iamurri and Manfredi Merluzzi.

The ten documentaries of the series “Vuoti di memoria” will be available on the Teche Rai. Focused readings will be made available on the e-learning platform of the Department of Humanities.

Dominance has never been achieved solely through the recognition and display of superior technological or military might. Knowledge is power, and it exercises its influence, as Italian philosopher Antonio Gramsci put it, in the field of cultural hegemony, establishing the boundaries of what knowledge is and is not. Information, education and cultural and scientific production form the deep level of geopolitical interaction. Now, for the first time in history, this complex set of ideologies, practices and interchange has converged into a unified medium of production, access and diffusion: the web and its tools. From Edward Snowden's revelations in 2013 to the Cambridge Analytica-Facebook scandal in 2018, from the pandemic to the contemporary war on fake news, the web and its sister technologies have become the ground on which to exercise control over politics and health, train new generations, disseminate scientific results, influence economic choices and challenge social norms. The cultural, aesthetic, social, juridical, economic and other structures that characterized the history of humanity up to the early years of the 21st century have been swept away by a new subject-object: the empire of the platforms.
The purpose of this course is to introduce students to these issues, trying to develop a critical awareness of the use of digital tools and to stimulate active participation in the revolutionary processes we are experiencing today.

Workshop assigments and discussions will be based on the volume authored by Mario Ricciardi, "Communico. Linguaggi, immagini, algoritmi" (Rome, TAB Edizioni, 2021). Students will have to write weekly responses on the assigned readings and engage in both online and offline discussions guided by the instructor.

The instructor will make available selected passages and/or chapters from the following list of texts (1 an 5 are also available in English):

1) Shoshana Zuboff (2019), Il capitalismo della sorveglianza. Il futuro dell'umanità nell'era dei nuovi poteri, Roma, LUISS.
2) Gabriele Balbi e Paolo Magaudda (2014), Storia dei media digitali. Rivoluzioni e continuità. Roma-Bari, Laterza.
3) Sergio Bellucci (2019), L'industria dei sensi. Roma, Harpo.
4) Teresa Numerico (2021), Big data e algoritmi. Prospettive critiche. Roma, Carocci.
5) Guillame Pitron (2019), La guerra dei metalli rari. Il lato oscuro della transizione digitale. Roma, LUISS.

During the course we will focus on the most significant developments involving the civilization that flourished in the area now occupied by the city of Rome from the 8th century BCE onward. In particular, the course aims to examine the main aspects concerning its cultural and socioeconomic history, cross-referencing the evidence preserved through the historical-antiquarian tradition with archaeological data: under the lens will be in particular the dynamics of conflict, exchanges with other communities, the formation of the Roman community and its institutions, the role of religion. The reconstruction of the earliest history of Roman civilization poses numerous problems in terms of methodology and interpretation of the sources, which over the centuries have fueled very heated debates that are still alive today: the main discussions and the different positions that have emerged within them will be the subject of specific examination, in order to introduce students to the dynamics of scientific confrontation in the field of antiquarian historiography

Course title:
Cassiodorus' De anima

Course description:
The module, of a monographic nature, intends first of all to retrace, in broad terms, the developments of a theme - that of the soul - dear to the tradition of Western thought since its beginnings, and capable, as well as incessantly nourishing philosophical and religious reflection, so to speak, of a high level, also having a singular impact on mentalities, on the imagination, on life behaviors, on the self-perception and representation of the human being in Western culture, particularly in the Latin Middle Ages. A work will then be analyzed - Cassiodorus' De anima - which enjoyed widespread success for a long time, and which, due to its eclectic character but not without traits of originality, lends itself well to providing an articulated and problematic status quaestionis on the theme , as it took shape in the early medieval centuries, before the more complete elaborations of Scholasticism. – As part of the module, exercises will also be activated aimed at orienting towards the knowledge and use of the main bibliographic and IT tools for the study and research on Middle Latin authors.

- MAGNI AURELII CASSIODORI De anima, cura et studio J. W. Halporn, Brepols, Turnholti 1973 (Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina 96, 533-575).
- M. DI MARCO, Scelta e utilizzazione delle fonti nel "De anima" di Cassiodoro, in Studi e Materiali di Storia delle religioni, n.s. IX,1 (1985) 93-117;
- M. DI MARCO, Note sulla simbologia dei numeri nel "De anima" di Cassiodoro, in Cassiodoro dalla Corte di Ravenna al Vivarium di Squillace. Atti del Convegno Internazionale, Squillace 25-27 ottobre 1990, a cura di S. Leanza, Rubbettino, Soveria Mannelli-Messina 1993, 199-212.
- M. DI MARCO, Virtus adunationis. Alcuni esempi di innovazione lessicale nel De anima di Cassiodoro, in Varietate delectamur. Multifarious Approaches to Synchronic and Diachronic Variation in Latin. Selected Papers from the 14th International Colloquium on Late and Vulgar Latin (Ghent, 2022), Brepols, Turnhout 2024 (in corso di stampa).
- Anima e corpo nella cultura medievale, a cura di C. Casagrande e S. Vecchio, Ed. SISMEL, Firenze 1999 (Millennio medievale, 15).

1453: Notes from Underground (“La chute de Constantinople est un malheur personnel qui nous est arrivé la semaine dernière”, Antoine Bibesco)
The Byzantine Philology LM module, which is designed for students of Philology, Literature and History of Antiquity, will be devoted to a careful reading of the most relevant sources - from both a historical and a specifically poliorcetic point of view - of the fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453.
The course will provide a topographical overview of the Eastern capital before attempting a reconstruction of the phases of the long siege that brought an end, at least politically, to the eleven centuries of 'Byzantine life' in Constantinople. The analysis of the events will be carried out, first of all, through a comparative reading of 'official' sources of both sides in the field, i.e. the Byzantine (George Sphrantzes, Doukas, Critoboulus, Laonikos Chalkokondyles) and the Western ones (Isidore of Kiev, Leonardo di Chio, Niccolò Barbaro, Angelo Giovanni Lomellino, Ubertino Pusculo), but also the Ottoman ones (Tursun Beg and Ibn Kemâl). At a later stage, however, the exegesis of this first group of sources will be supplemented by the examination of lesser-known testimonies whose origins can more likely be traced to intelligence circles. Aside from being extremely valuable for reconstructing the last, decisive hours of the siege, they are also extremely useful for understanding how such an event influenced the entire Mediterranean geopolitical environment. By participating in such an exegetical work, which is partially interactive, students have direct access to the research activity carried out by the chair of Byzantinistics at Roma Tre on the fall of Constantinople.
For the conclusion of the course, students will have the opportunity to attend an educational trip to the Peloponnese, in particular to the archaeological site of Mystras (Unesco heritage site since 1989), organized in collaboration with the Italian Cultural Institute of Athens and the Ephorate of Antiquities of Lakonia. The main purpose of the event will be to present on site to the participants various elements illustrated during the course of the lectures.

MANDATORY TEXTS
- S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
- A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

1453: The 55 Days that Changed the World (“Ci sono luoghi in cui la storia è inevitabile come un incidente automobilistico — luoghi in cui la geografia provoca la storia. Uno è Istanbul, alias Costantinopoli, alias Bisanzio”. Iosif Brodskij)
Byzantine History and Civilisation LM module, which primarily targets Art History; Archaeology; Religions, Cultures, History; History and Society; Philology, Literatures and History of Antiquity students, examines the fall of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks on 29 May 1453, following fifty-five days of siege led by the young and ambitious Sultan Mehmet II Fatih.
A topographical survey of the Byzantine capital will be provided in the course: Using maps, a faithful reconstruction of the city on the eve of its fall will be presented, highlighting the defensive structures, including the great Theodosian walls, the sea walls around the Sea of Marmara and the Golden Horn, and the walls surrounding the imperial palace of the Blacherne.; finally, the harbour, which was barred to enemy ships in the event of an attack by stretching a long chain from Constantinople to Pera/Galata in front). After that, the course will clearly reconstruct the various phases of the siege and the final battle, illustrating the findings of the research conducted by the chair of Byzantinistics at Roma Tre and corroborated by articles published and presentations given in national and international scientific contexts. These findings contradict the widely held view that the victory of the Turks was inevitable, due to superior numerical strength and armament, or even due to the "will to fall" (Braudel) of an exhausted Byzantium on a political level.
For the conclusion of the course, students will have the opportunity to attend an educational trip to the Peloponnese, in particular to the archaeological site of Mystras (Unesco heritage site since 1989), organized in collaboration with the Italian Cultural Institute of Athens and the Ephorate of Antiquities of Lakonia. The main purpose of the event will be to present on site to the participants various elements illustrated during the course of the lectures.

MANDATORY TEXTS
- S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
- A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

Seneca and the power: the two faces of an intellectual between commitment and compromise.
The course will offer a presentation of the literary context of Seneca's "Apokokokyntosis" and "Consolatio ad Polybium", and will proceed with the integral reading, interpretation and commentary of both works, paying particular attention to the formal aspects of style and, where present, of metric.

- For "Apokolokyntosis":
an edition chosen among: Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokolokyntosis, a cura di G. Vannini, Milano (Mondadori), Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokokyntosis, introduzione, traduzione e note a cura di R. Mugellesi, Milani (Rizzoli) e Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokokyntosis, a cura di G. Focardi, Firenze (Giunti).

- For "Consolatio ad Polybium":
Lucio Anneo Seneca, Le consolazioni: a Marcia, alla madre Helvia, a Polibio, introduzione, traduzione e note di A. Traina, Milano (Rizzoli).

- Outlines of the manuscript transmission and principles of textual criticism of Latin literary texts.

- "Cruel Venus”: Seneca's "Phaedra". The course will offer a presentation of the literary context of Latin tragedy, and will proceed to philological reading, interpretation and commentary of the entire text of the senecan drama, paying particular attention to aspects of manuscript tradition and ecdotics, as well as poetic form (relationship with the models , with particular attention to Euripides' "Hippolytus", metre, style).

- - P. Chiesa, La trasmissione dei testi latini. Storia e metodo critico, Roma (Carocci);
- M. De Nonno, Transmission and Textual Criticism, in The Oxford Handbook of Roman Studies, edd. A. Barchiesi & W. Scheidel, Oxford University Press, pp. 31-48 [photocopies of this work will be made available on line ]
- P. Maas, La critica del testo. Traduzione a cura di G. Ziffer, Roma (Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura).

- Seneca, Fedra, introduzione, traduzione e commento a cura di A. Casamento, ed. Carocci

Dante from Vita Nova to Paradise. The course is dedicated to Dante's poetry and the development of his style. The first part includes reading, contextualization and commentary of Vita nova and part of the Rime. The second part will be occupied by the complete reading with commentary of Paradise. In addition to in-depth studies on Dante's literary language, the main hermeneutical junctions of the third canticle will be examined, also in relation to Dante's self-exegesis expressed in the Epistle to Cangrande. The course includes lectures dedicated to the reading and commentary of the proposed works, with critical insights. The final part of the course will be dedicated to the creation of critical and didactic paths on the basis of the two works considered.
The course includes frontal teaching dedicated to reading and commenting on the works considered, with critical insights. The final part of the course will be dedicated to the creation of critical and educational paths based on the two works considered.

Texts:
Dante Alighieri, Vita nova, introduzione, revisione del testo e commento di Stefano Carrai, Milano, Rizzoli, 2009.
Dante Alighieri, Paradiso, a cura di G. Inglese, Roma, Carocci, 2016.
Dante Alighieri, Epistola a Cangrande, a cura di L. Azzetta, Roma-Padova, Antenore, 2024.
Bibliography:
Stefano Carrai, Il primo libro di Dante. Un'idea della "Vita Nova", Pisa, Edizioni della Normale, 2020.
Roberto Rea, Dante: guida alla Vita nuova, Roma, Carocci, 2021.
Luca Marcozzi, Dante e la povertà, Roma, Carocci, 2024.
One volume to be chosen among the two of the Lectura Dantis Romana, Cento canti per cento anni, III. Paradiso, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2014 (1. Canti I-XVII, or 2. Canti XVIII-XXXIII).
Non-attending students will add: Roberto Antonelli, Dante poeta-giudice del mondo terreno, Roma, Viella, 2021..
Any further bibliography will be indicated on the Teams channel of the course

Dante's «Purgatory»

The course aims to offer a comprehensive and in-depth reading of Dante's "Purgatorio." Defined by the historian Jacques Le Goff as the "poetic triumph" of the purgatorial realm, the second cantica of the "Commedia" represents the first and most significant artistic elaboration of this afterlife zone, the existence of which had been definitively recognized by the Church only a few years earlier (1274). Special attention will be given to the ways in which the poet constructs an extremely detailed and profoundly coherent space from multiple perspectives (cosmological, theological, penitential). Its various sources will be examined, with special attention to the religious practices and the theological speculation of the time. Furthermore, the course will delve deeply into Dante's reflection on poetry in this cantica: from his encounters with Casella, the troubadour Sordello, and the classical poet Statius; to his investigation of fame and artistic progress in Canto 11, and the pivotal Cantos 24 and 26 where Dante engages with various predecessors, fully defining his own poetics and a tradition of reference.

Texts:
- Dante, "Divina Commedia. Purgatorio", a cura di Anna Maria Chiavacci Leonardi, Milano, Mondadori, 1994 [and further editions]
NB: the "Purgatorio" must be read in its entirety.

Critical bibliography (on Moodle):
- E. Auerbach, "Sacrae scripturae sermo humilis", in Id., "Studi su Dante", Milano, Feltrinelli, 2002, pp. 167-175 [1941];
- G. Contini, "Dante come personaggio poeta", in Id., "Un’idea di Dante. Saggi danteschi", Torino, Einaudi, 20013, pp. 33-62;
- A. Pegoretti, "Dal «lito diserto» al giardino. La costruzione del paesaggio nel «Purgatorio» di Dante", Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2007.

Students not attending lectures will integrate their preparation reading the following essays (on Moodle):
- C. Delcorno, "Exemplum e letteratura tra Medioevo e Rinascimento", Bologna, il Mulino, 1989, Introduzione e pp. 195-227;
- E. Pasquini, "Il dominio metaforico", in Id., "Dante e le figure del vero. La fabbrica della «Commedia»", Milano: Bruno Mondadori, 2001, pp. 179-217
- E. Raimondi, "Rito e storia nel primo canto del «Purgatorio»", in Id., "Metafora e storia. Studi su Dante e Petrarca", Torino: Einaudi, 1977 [1970], pp. 65-94.

Renaissance is the season of the long narrative, the epic-chivalric poem (Boiardo, Ariosto, Tasso), in many ways the direct ancestor of the modern novel; but it is also an incredibly prolific season for the short story, which, starting from Boccaccio's model, acquires different forms, in verse and prose (including many antecedents and sources of Shakespeare). The course will follow the evolution and interaction between these two narrative genres and examine related issues, from the question of the open narrative (the novel, which also originated as a serial story) or closed narrative (novella incorniciata) to the success with the general public.

Attendig students:
Handouts supplied by the professor and downloadable from Teams
A book of your chice from among:
- R. Bruscagli, Studi cavallereschi, Firenze, Società Editrice Fiorentina, 2003
- G. Mazzacurati, All’ombra di Dioneo: tipologie e percorsi della novella da Boccaccio a Bandello, a cura di Matteo Palumbo, Scandicci, La Nuova Italia, 1996 (in fotocopie)
- M. Roggero, Le carte piene di sogni. Testi e lettori in età moderna, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2006

Non-attending students:
Supplementary handouts
S. Carapezza, La novella nel Cinquecento, Milano, Unicopli, 2013

The course has a monographic character dedicated to the language of twentieth-century theatre, with particular reference to Luigi Pirandello, Eduardo De Filippo and Dario Fo.

For a reference framework on twentieth-century theater and the work of the three authors, refer to the volume:
- C. Giovanardi - P. Trifone, La lingua del teatro, Bologna, il Mulino, 2015.

The course aims to provide essential tools for critically and consciously addressing the contents and the challenges posed by the teaching of Ancient Greek in secondary schools today. The lessons will follow two main thematic strands:
(A) The regulatory framework governing the teaching of Greek language and literature in secondary schools;
(B) Methodologies and tools, especially digital ones, useful for developing educational pathways (for themes, literary genres, and historical-cultural contexts); in this context, the reference texts will be Plato's Protagoras and Phaedrus.
Attendance at the course is optional. Attending students must ensure attendance at at least two-thirds of the classes (24 out of 36 hours). For attending students, a reduction of the program is provided (see section C in Bibliography).

For sections A and B, the bibliographic material will be provided to students by the teacher at the beginning of the lessons; (C) a choice of one volume among: F. Carta Piras, Didattica della lingua e della letteratura greca. Materiali per la didattica del greco e per la funzione docente (Sandhi: Ortacesus 2011); L. Canfora – U. Cardinale (eds.), Disegnare il futuro con intelligenza antica. L’insegnamento del latino e del greco antico in Italia e nel mondo (Il Mulino: Bologna 2012); R. Oniga – U. Cardinale (eds.), Lingue antiche e moderne dai licei alle università (Il Mulino: Bologna 2012). Attending students are not required to prepare this part of the bibliography

Romanticism, travel, memory: from Europe to Italy.

Bibliography:
M. Puppo, Il Romanticismo, Roma, Studium; can be replaced with:
E. Raimondi, Romanticismo italiano e romanticismo europeo, Milano, Bruno Mondadori
F. Suitner, I Promessi Sposi, un'idea di romanzo, Roma, Carocci
Further information on the texts to be prepared will be provided during the lessons.
Non-attending students will contact the teacher for instructions and additions to the program.

The bucolic epos. The Theocritus’ bucolic Idylls
M. M:.Palumbo con note di L. Bettarini, Teocrito. Idilli e Epigrammi, Milano 2021, BUR.
Adele Teresa Cozzoli, Poeta e Filologo. Studi di poesia ellenistica, Roma 2012 (Herder edizioni)
G. Serrao, La poesia bucolica: realtà campeste e stilizzazione letteraria in L. Moretti, G. Serrao, M. Torelli, L. Franchi dell’Orto, Storia e Civiltà dei Greci, La Cultura ellenistica, 9, Bompiani, Milano 2000, pp. 180-199
Per la metrica si consiglia: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95; Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

M. M: Palumbo con note di L. Bettarini, Teocrito. Idilli e Epigrammi, Milano 2021, BUR.
Adele Teresa Cozzoli, Poeta e Filologo. Studi di poesia ellenistica, Roma 2012 (Herder edizioni)
G. Serrao, La poesia bucolica: realtà campeste e stilizzazione letteraria in L. Moretti, G. Serrao, M. Torelli, L. Franchi dell’Orto, Storia e Civiltà dei Greci, La Cultura ellenistica, 9, Bompiani, Milano 2000, pp. 180-199
Per la metrica si consiglia: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95; Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

The course “Greek Literature I LM” (“Materials for a cognitive criticism of literary texts in ancient Greece”) is intended for students who wish to combine deepening their knowledge of Ancient Greek with acquiring valid critical tools for interpreting literary texts. The course includes:
(A) a series of lectures aimed at illustrating the assumptions and methods of a cognitive-based literary criticism calibrated on the forms of ancient Greek literature;
(B) reading, translation, and commentary in class on a selection of texts (both in poetry and prose). Part of the texts to be worked on in class will be assigned to students so that they can be the subject of personal elaboration and presentation in class.
Attendance at the course is optional. Attending students must ensure attendance at at least two-thirds of the classes (24 out of 36 hours). For attending students, a reduction of the program is provided (see section C in Bibliography).

(A) An essential bibliography will be indicated by the teacher at the beginning of the course; it is strongly recommended to study T. Cave, Thinking with Literature: Towards a Cognitive Criticism (Oxford University Press: Oxford 2016); (B) The selection of texts to be examined in the course will be distributed by the teacher through e-learning channels (Teams); (C) M. Fantuzzi - R. L. Hunter, Tradition and Innovation in Hellenistic Poetry (CUP: Cambridge 2004). Attending students are not required to prepare on this volume.

Moses the Egyptian. Texts and images of a myth.

This course aims to explore the narrative traditions about Moses against the background of Egyptian history and culture as perceived in antiquity and as revealed by modern research.

Notes and texts distributed during lessons.

Papyrus in the Middle Ages: A Mediterranean History (4th-11th Centuries).

This course aims to address, through seminar-style approaches, the history of papyrus in the Middle Ages. It is a classic topic that, starting from Henri Pirenne's research, has been consistently investigated by scholars of written culture, who have viewed papyrus as a writing material, as well as by historians of economics, who have regarded papyrus as an indicator of trade relations across the Mediterranean.

Taking into account interpretations and debates surrounding this topic or related themes, the lessons aim to discuss studies (books, essays), and especially sources (translated into Italian) based on a specific questionnaire: in which areas of the Mediterranean was papyrus produced, and how? What were the logics, dynamics, and economic actors of its circulation across the Mediterranean after the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476)? Did circulation encounter obstacles after the 7th century due to religious differences between Islam and Christianity? What were its areas of usage? How did these areas of usage vary depending on the cultural, geographical, economic, and political contexts? What impact did the economic logic of papyrus have on European cultural dynamics? When did the history of papyrus end, and why? How does the history of papyrus interact with our understanding of the cultural and economic history of the medieval Mediterranean?

Note well: In addition to participating in the discussions during the lessons, in the final section of the course students will be required to prepare and discuss, individually or in groups, a brief written text.

For attending students, the exam is essentially based on the materials provided by the professor and discussed in class. For reference reading, one can consider D. Internullo, Il papiro, la pergamena e le origini della memoria archivistica dell’Europa occidentale (secoli VI-XI), in Segni, sogni, materie e scrittura dall’Egitto tardoantico all’Europa carolingia, ed. by A. Ghignoli, M. Boccuzzi, A. Monte, N. Sietis, Roma 2023, pp. 119-162 (it will be available in the proper Teams channel)

For non-attending students, the examination is based on the comprehensive study of:
H. Pirenne, Maometto e Carlomagno, any of the many editions available
- C. Picard, Il mare dei califfi. Storia del Mediterraneo musulmano (secoli VII-XII), Roma, Carocci, 2017
- D. Internullo, Il papiro, la pergamena e le origini della memoria archivistica dell’Europa occidentale (secoli VI-XI), in Segni, sogni, materie e scrittura dall’Egitto tardoantico all’Europa carolingia, ed. by A. Ghignoli, M. Boccuzzi, A. Monte, N. Sietis, Roma 2023, pp. 119-162
Note well: in addition to an integral study, non-attending students are also asked to make the three readings interact with each other, trying in particular to understand: a) how our knowledge of Mediterranean history has changed since Pirenne's book publication - thus paying attention to Picard's book in this regard; b) how the data on papyrus circulation (cf. Internullo's essay) interacts with our knowledge of the Mediterranean.

Note well 2: A remedial programme must be agreed with the lecturer for those who have never taken a basic Medieval History examination (M-STO/01).

For Bachelor and Master's degree students.
Second semester. Hours: one meeting per week will be held, lasting three academic hours, Laboratorio Informatico of the Area di Mondo Antico (LISA).
Course start: March 2025.
The mode of the course delivery will depend on the University regulations in force at the time. In any case, since it is a laboratory, which requires direct teacher-student interaction, there is NO registration of meetings and attendance (in the possible modes) is mandatory.

The Laboratory introduces to the knowledge of the main informatic resources for the historical and philological studies related to Antiquity, Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
- Introduction. Word-processor features. Multilingual keyboards; writing in ancient Greek.
- Creation of a scientific bibliography; methods of citation. Tools for bibliographic research: bibliographic repertories; on-line consultation of catalogues (OPAC); on-line consultation of books and periodicals (open access and by subscription); on-line reviews.
- Analysis of literary texts: text databases; electronic dictionaries; software for text analysis and lexical research on Greek and Latin texts.
- Research of epigraphic and papyraceous sources; research and consultation of manuscripts.

The teacher provides the didactic materials necessary for the carrying out of the Laboratory.

The student, through examples and practical exercises on traditions (mono and pluritestimoniali) of texts of Italian literature, will deepen the knowledge of ecdotic tools aimed at the constitution of a critical edition, both in the field of reconstructive philology and in that of authorial philology. The theoretical and practical character of the Laboratory, with the active participation of each student, requires a programmed number of 25 students.

Applications for enrollment (both for bachelor's and master's degree students) can be sent by e-mail to silvia.finazzi@uniroma3.it, from 7th January to the last week of February 2025. For a better organization of enrollments and activities, students interested in participating are requested to indicate the following essential data in their e-mails: 1) matriculation number; 2) course of study; 3) philological exams already taken and/or philological courses already attended.

At the beginning of the lessons, the materials needed to carry out the practical exercises and any additional bibliography will be indicated and provided to the students.

“Vuoti di memoria” (“Voids of Memory”) is a TV program conceived by Loredana Rotondo in the early 2000s to bring attention back to some figures either forgotten or slipped to the margins of public discourse. Over the course of several years, 20 episodes of about 35 minutes each were produced. These documentaries are built primarily on both visual and textual sources, and on interviews aiming to situate the protagonists within their network of relationships.
Ten episodes were selected for the workshop, dedicated to the following figures:
Carla Lonzi
Giuseppe De Santis
Paola Levi Montalcini
Amelia Rosselli
Goliarda Sapienza
Bruno Munari
Cristina Campo
Annibale Ruccello
Gino Martinoli
Danilo Dolci
The workshop is organized in a series of meetings centered on the screening of documentaries and their analysis. It intends to deepen practices related to the use of visual, textual and oral sources, fundamental to the work of historical reconstruction. The workshop is curated by Professors Laura Fortini, Laura Iamurri and Manfredi Merluzzi.

The ten documentaries of the series “Vuoti di memoria” will be available on the Teche Rai. Focused readings will be made available on the e-learning platform of the Department of Humanities.

Dominance has never been achieved solely through the recognition and display of superior technological or military might. Knowledge is power, and it exercises its influence, as Italian philosopher Antonio Gramsci put it, in the field of cultural hegemony, establishing the boundaries of what knowledge is and is not. Information, education and cultural and scientific production form the deep level of geopolitical interaction. Now, for the first time in history, this complex set of ideologies, practices and interchange has converged into a unified medium of production, access and diffusion: the web and its tools. From Edward Snowden's revelations in 2013 to the Cambridge Analytica-Facebook scandal in 2018, from the pandemic to the contemporary war on fake news, the web and its sister technologies have become the ground on which to exercise control over politics and health, train new generations, disseminate scientific results, influence economic choices and challenge social norms. The cultural, aesthetic, social, juridical, economic and other structures that characterized the history of humanity up to the early years of the 21st century have been swept away by a new subject-object: the empire of the platforms.
The purpose of this course is to introduce students to these issues, trying to develop a critical awareness of the use of digital tools and to stimulate active participation in the revolutionary processes we are experiencing today.

Workshop assigments and discussions will be based on the volume authored by Mario Ricciardi, "Communico. Linguaggi, immagini, algoritmi" (Rome, TAB Edizioni, 2021). Students will have to write weekly responses on the assigned readings and engage in both online and offline discussions guided by the instructor.

The instructor will make available selected passages and/or chapters from the following list of texts (1 an 5 are also available in English):

1) Shoshana Zuboff (2019), Il capitalismo della sorveglianza. Il futuro dell'umanità nell'era dei nuovi poteri, Roma, LUISS.
2) Gabriele Balbi e Paolo Magaudda (2014), Storia dei media digitali. Rivoluzioni e continuità. Roma-Bari, Laterza.
3) Sergio Bellucci (2019), L'industria dei sensi. Roma, Harpo.
4) Teresa Numerico (2021), Big data e algoritmi. Prospettive critiche. Roma, Carocci.
5) Guillame Pitron (2019), La guerra dei metalli rari. Il lato oscuro della transizione digitale. Roma, LUISS.

During the course we will focus on the most significant developments involving the civilization that flourished in the area now occupied by the city of Rome from the 8th century BCE onward. In particular, the course aims to examine the main aspects concerning its cultural and socioeconomic history, cross-referencing the evidence preserved through the historical-antiquarian tradition with archaeological data: under the lens will be in particular the dynamics of conflict, exchanges with other communities, the formation of the Roman community and its institutions, the role of religion. The reconstruction of the earliest history of Roman civilization poses numerous problems in terms of methodology and interpretation of the sources, which over the centuries have fueled very heated debates that are still alive today: the main discussions and the different positions that have emerged within them will be the subject of specific examination, in order to introduce students to the dynamics of scientific confrontation in the field of antiquarian historiography

This course is devoted to the earliest epigraphic evidence in Latin, from the earliest 8th-century attestations up to the finds of the early Republican age. These inscriptions convey invaluable information about many aspects related to language, private life and political culture in the early centuries of Rome, enabling us to grasp fragments of otherwise obscure processes and phenomena. Only rarely and with much effort is it possible to compare the information conveyed by archaic epigraphy with clues handed down by sources of a different nature: for this reason, the study of the oldest Latin inscriptions confronts the historian with the need to make every minute detail worth it in order to gather clues useful for reconstructing the sociocultural context within which the inscriptions were produced. This means that although the techniques and methodologies are the same as those used in the study of more recent inscriptions, archaic epigraphy requires a different and specific application of them - greater weight is given, for example, to linguistic aspects - to which students will be introduced in the course of the lectures.

The course is divided into four parts.
The first part aims to clarify the boundaries of the discipline, the semantic system underlying it, and the theories about the ways and times of the adoption of alphabetic writing in ancient Greece.
The second part, entitled “From Psephos to Psephisma”, examines the role of writing in the judicial, normative and legislative procedures. It considers a number of different types of inscriptions which illustrate the evolution of this process, from the simple inscriptions of the instrumentum publicum to the more elaborate epigraphic representation of assembly decrees.
The third part, “Greeks and non-Greeks in Magna Graecia”, is dedicated to an in-depth examination of a distinctive historical context. It employs the epigraphic approach to investigate the interactions between the Greek people of Magna Graecia and the indigenous populations. A particular emphasis will be placed on the relationship between the Tarentines and the Messapians.
The fourth and final part of the course will be devoted to workshop activities.

Students are asked to study M. Guarducci, L’epigrafia greca dalle origini al tardo impero (IPZS, Rome 1987) and the handouts provided during the course

Course title:
Cassiodorus' De anima

Course description:
The module, of a monographic nature, intends first of all to retrace, in broad terms, the developments of a theme - that of the soul - dear to the tradition of Western thought since its beginnings, and capable, as well as incessantly nourishing philosophical and religious reflection, so to speak, of a high level, also having a singular impact on mentalities, on the imagination, on life behaviors, on the self-perception and representation of the human being in Western culture, particularly in the Latin Middle Ages. A work will then be analyzed - Cassiodorus' De anima - which enjoyed widespread success for a long time, and which, due to its eclectic character but not without traits of originality, lends itself well to providing an articulated and problematic status quaestionis on the theme , as it took shape in the early medieval centuries, before the more complete elaborations of Scholasticism. – As part of the module, exercises will also be activated aimed at orienting towards the knowledge and use of the main bibliographic and IT tools for the study and research on Middle Latin authors.

- MAGNI AURELII CASSIODORI De anima, cura et studio J. W. Halporn, Brepols, Turnholti 1973 (Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina 96, 533-575).
- M. DI MARCO, Scelta e utilizzazione delle fonti nel "De anima" di Cassiodoro, in Studi e Materiali di Storia delle religioni, n.s. IX,1 (1985) 93-117;
- M. DI MARCO, Note sulla simbologia dei numeri nel "De anima" di Cassiodoro, in Cassiodoro dalla Corte di Ravenna al Vivarium di Squillace. Atti del Convegno Internazionale, Squillace 25-27 ottobre 1990, a cura di S. Leanza, Rubbettino, Soveria Mannelli-Messina 1993, 199-212.
- M. DI MARCO, Virtus adunationis. Alcuni esempi di innovazione lessicale nel De anima di Cassiodoro, in Varietate delectamur. Multifarious Approaches to Synchronic and Diachronic Variation in Latin. Selected Papers from the 14th International Colloquium on Late and Vulgar Latin (Ghent, 2022), Brepols, Turnhout 2024 (in corso di stampa).
- Anima e corpo nella cultura medievale, a cura di C. Casagrande e S. Vecchio, Ed. SISMEL, Firenze 1999 (Millennio medievale, 15).

The course aims to address the study of the characteristics of Latin and Greek manuscripts, with particular regard to their value for philological and historical-cultural studies. In this regard, both the external characteristics of manuscripts will be examined (material techniques for the preparation of the book as a physical object, methods and tools for its preparation, with regard to the professional figures involved in the production process), and the cultural panorama of the times and places of origin of manuscript books. Therefore, each aspect will be illustrated by choosing a reference manuscript witness.
This course will include both the examination of reproductions of manuscripts, in paper and electronic format, and the direct examination of manuscripts and writing materials, through visits to archives and libraries.

The final exam will include the knowledge of the material provided during lessons and the discussion of one subject which the student will decide to study in depth. In addition students are required to study the following texts:
• M. Maniaci, Breve storia del libro manoscritto, Roma, Carocci, 2019;
• M. L. Agati, Il libro manoscritto da Oriente a Occidente. Per una codicologia comparata, L’Erma di Bretschneider, Roma 2009 (a selection of chapters);
• M. Cursi, Le forme del libro. Dalla tavoletta cerata all’e-book, Il Mulino, Bologna 2016, cap. III (pp. 97-160);
• Two articles among those presented during the course.

Course Title:
Saint Sebastian: Between Legend and Devotion

Course Description:
This course aims to reconstruct the early phases of the veneration of the (bi)martyr saint, Saint Sebastian. He is first recorded in the Depositio martyrum of 354, with a commemoration date of January 20, noting his burial on the Via Appia ad catacumbas, where the Memoria Apostolorum was located (later known as the Basilica Apostolorum under Constantine). Subsequently, he is briefly mentioned by Ambrose in his Commentary on Psalm 118 and ultimately becomes the central figure in the Passio Sancti Sebastiani, written between 430 and 450 by Arnobius the Younger, an African monk contemporary with Augustine, residing in the monastery established next to the Basilica Apostolorum. The course will particularly focus on analyzing this text, which enjoyed significant popularity. Students interested in exploring further may participate in a storytelling workshop with professional actors, who, alongside the course instructor, are engaged in a project to enhance the Basilica of Saint Sebastian in celebration of the Jubilee. This workshop aims to immerse students in the performative dimension characteristic of many ancient and medieval hagiographical texts.

Michael Lapidge (ed.), The Roman Martyrs, Oxford 2018.
Further bibliography willl be provided during the course

1453: Notes from Underground (“La chute de Constantinople est un malheur personnel qui nous est arrivé la semaine dernière”, Antoine Bibesco)
The Byzantine Philology LM module, which is designed for students of Philology, Literature and History of Antiquity, will be devoted to a careful reading of the most relevant sources - from both a historical and a specifically poliorcetic point of view - of the fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453.
The course will provide a topographical overview of the Eastern capital before attempting a reconstruction of the phases of the long siege that brought an end, at least politically, to the eleven centuries of 'Byzantine life' in Constantinople. The analysis of the events will be carried out, first of all, through a comparative reading of 'official' sources of both sides in the field, i.e. the Byzantine (George Sphrantzes, Doukas, Critoboulus, Laonikos Chalkokondyles) and the Western ones (Isidore of Kiev, Leonardo di Chio, Niccolò Barbaro, Angelo Giovanni Lomellino, Ubertino Pusculo), but also the Ottoman ones (Tursun Beg and Ibn Kemâl). At a later stage, however, the exegesis of this first group of sources will be supplemented by the examination of lesser-known testimonies whose origins can more likely be traced to intelligence circles. Aside from being extremely valuable for reconstructing the last, decisive hours of the siege, they are also extremely useful for understanding how such an event influenced the entire Mediterranean geopolitical environment. By participating in such an exegetical work, which is partially interactive, students have direct access to the research activity carried out by the chair of Byzantinistics at Roma Tre on the fall of Constantinople.
For the conclusion of the course, students will have the opportunity to attend an educational trip to the Peloponnese, in particular to the archaeological site of Mystras (Unesco heritage site since 1989), organized in collaboration with the Italian Cultural Institute of Athens and the Ephorate of Antiquities of Lakonia. The main purpose of the event will be to present on site to the participants various elements illustrated during the course of the lectures.

MANDATORY TEXTS
- S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
- A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

First semester.
Time: 6 hours/week: Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, 12 to 2 p.m. Location: Sala riunioni di Mondo Antico. Beginning: Wednesday, October 2, 2024.

Course title 2024-2025: Roman Traditions and Apostolic Legends: Nereus and Achilleus, Processus and Martinianus and their passiones.

Some of the Roman passiones (5th-7th centuries) dedicated to martyred saints venerated in the Urbs intersect the events narrated in them with legends about Peter and Paul and the final part of their lives. The Passion of Saints Nereus and Achilleus and the Passion of Saints Processus and Martinianus will be explored in the course, according to various perspectives of investigation and with the active involvement of students.
The course is seminar-based in nature and involves the active participation of students.

Lecture materials (including critical editions of texts read in class) will be provided by the teacher.

General section.
For students who have never taken an exam in Ancient Christian Literature: M. SIMONETTI - E. PRINZIVALLI, Storia della letteratura cristiana antica, Bologna: EDB, 2022.
For students who have already taken exams in Ancient Christian Literature: H.Y. GAMBLE, Libri e lettori nella chiesa antica, Brescia: Paideia, 2006.

1453: The 55 Days that Changed the World (“Ci sono luoghi in cui la storia è inevitabile come un incidente automobilistico — luoghi in cui la geografia provoca la storia. Uno è Istanbul, alias Costantinopoli, alias Bisanzio”. Iosif Brodskij)
Byzantine History and Civilisation LM module, which primarily targets Art History; Archaeology; Religions, Cultures, History; History and Society; Philology, Literatures and History of Antiquity students, examines the fall of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks on 29 May 1453, following fifty-five days of siege led by the young and ambitious Sultan Mehmet II Fatih.
A topographical survey of the Byzantine capital will be provided in the course: Using maps, a faithful reconstruction of the city on the eve of its fall will be presented, highlighting the defensive structures, including the great Theodosian walls, the sea walls around the Sea of Marmara and the Golden Horn, and the walls surrounding the imperial palace of the Blacherne.; finally, the harbour, which was barred to enemy ships in the event of an attack by stretching a long chain from Constantinople to Pera/Galata in front). After that, the course will clearly reconstruct the various phases of the siege and the final battle, illustrating the findings of the research conducted by the chair of Byzantinistics at Roma Tre and corroborated by articles published and presentations given in national and international scientific contexts. These findings contradict the widely held view that the victory of the Turks was inevitable, due to superior numerical strength and armament, or even due to the "will to fall" (Braudel) of an exhausted Byzantium on a political level.
For the conclusion of the course, students will have the opportunity to attend an educational trip to the Peloponnese, in particular to the archaeological site of Mystras (Unesco heritage site since 1989), organized in collaboration with the Italian Cultural Institute of Athens and the Ephorate of Antiquities of Lakonia. The main purpose of the event will be to present on site to the participants various elements illustrated during the course of the lectures.

MANDATORY TEXTS
- S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
- A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

First semester
Timetable: Thursday, 4-6 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica); Friday, 1-4 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica)
Start date: October 3, 2024

Title of the class: Between Antiquity and Byzantium: Synesius of Cyrene, Neoplatonic Philosopher and Christian Bishop (“Eppure quale realtà è più reale in sé/ che nella sua trasformazione in altro – potrei quasi ripetere a memoria./ E non è altro, è la sua profondità medesima – anche questo non devo impararlo”, Mario Luzi)

The class shall deal with an emblematic figure of Late Antiquity: Synesius of Cyrene. After being a student of the pagan philosopher Hypatia at her school in Alexandria in the 390s, Synesius was consecrated bishop of Ptolemais by the intransigent patriarch Theophilus in 411 AD. With the exception of a few introductory lectures, each meeting shall be devoted to the analysis of a specific aspect of the author’s cultural legacy – which ranges from parenetics to literary criticism, from the philosophy of history to sacred poetry – with a particular focus on his work On Dreams.

MANDATORY TEXTS:
- Neil, B., “Synesius of Cyrene on Dreams as a Pathway to the Divine”, Phronema 30/2 (2015), pp. 19-36.
- Viltanioti, I.-F., “Synesius of Cyrene: Philosophy and Poetry ʻSharing the Same Templeʼ”, in Edwards, M. J. (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Early Christian Philosophy, Routledge, Abingdon-New York 2020, pp. 528-548.

Seneca and the power: the two faces of an intellectual between commitment and compromise.
The course will offer a presentation of the literary context of Seneca's "Apokokokyntosis" and "Consolatio ad Polybium", and will proceed with the integral reading, interpretation and commentary of both works, paying particular attention to the formal aspects of style and, where present, of metric.

- For "Apokolokyntosis":
an edition chosen among: Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokolokyntosis, a cura di G. Vannini, Milano (Mondadori), Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokokyntosis, introduzione, traduzione e note a cura di R. Mugellesi, Milani (Rizzoli) e Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokokyntosis, a cura di G. Focardi, Firenze (Giunti).

- For "Consolatio ad Polybium":
Lucio Anneo Seneca, Le consolazioni: a Marcia, alla madre Helvia, a Polibio, introduzione, traduzione e note di A. Traina, Milano (Rizzoli).

This course is devoted to the earliest epigraphic evidence in Latin, from the earliest 8th-century attestations up to the finds of the early Republican age. These inscriptions convey invaluable information about many aspects related to language, private life and political culture in the early centuries of Rome, enabling us to grasp fragments of otherwise obscure processes and phenomena. Only rarely and with much effort is it possible to compare the information conveyed by archaic epigraphy with clues handed down by sources of a different nature: for this reason, the study of the oldest Latin inscriptions confronts the historian with the need to make every minute detail worth it in order to gather clues useful for reconstructing the sociocultural context within which the inscriptions were produced. This means that although the techniques and methodologies are the same as those used in the study of more recent inscriptions, archaic epigraphy requires a different and specific application of them - greater weight is given, for example, to linguistic aspects - to which students will be introduced in the course of the lectures.

- Outlines of the manuscript transmission and principles of textual criticism of Latin literary texts.

- "Cruel Venus”: Seneca's "Phaedra". The course will offer a presentation of the literary context of Latin tragedy, and will proceed to philological reading, interpretation and commentary of the entire text of the senecan drama, paying particular attention to aspects of manuscript tradition and ecdotics, as well as poetic form (relationship with the models , with particular attention to Euripides' "Hippolytus", metre, style).

- - P. Chiesa, La trasmissione dei testi latini. Storia e metodo critico, Roma (Carocci);
- M. De Nonno, Transmission and Textual Criticism, in The Oxford Handbook of Roman Studies, edd. A. Barchiesi & W. Scheidel, Oxford University Press, pp. 31-48 [photocopies of this work will be made available on line ]
- P. Maas, La critica del testo. Traduzione a cura di G. Ziffer, Roma (Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura).

- Seneca, Fedra, introduzione, traduzione e commento a cura di A. Casamento, ed. Carocci

Dante from Vita Nova to Paradise. The course is dedicated to Dante's poetry and the development of his style. The first part includes reading, contextualization and commentary of Vita nova and part of the Rime. The second part will be occupied by the complete reading with commentary of Paradise. In addition to in-depth studies on Dante's literary language, the main hermeneutical junctions of the third canticle will be examined, also in relation to Dante's self-exegesis expressed in the Epistle to Cangrande. The course includes lectures dedicated to the reading and commentary of the proposed works, with critical insights. The final part of the course will be dedicated to the creation of critical and didactic paths on the basis of the two works considered.
The course includes frontal teaching dedicated to reading and commenting on the works considered, with critical insights. The final part of the course will be dedicated to the creation of critical and educational paths based on the two works considered.

Texts:
Dante Alighieri, Vita nova, introduzione, revisione del testo e commento di Stefano Carrai, Milano, Rizzoli, 2009.
Dante Alighieri, Paradiso, a cura di G. Inglese, Roma, Carocci, 2016.
Dante Alighieri, Epistola a Cangrande, a cura di L. Azzetta, Roma-Padova, Antenore, 2024.
Bibliography:
Stefano Carrai, Il primo libro di Dante. Un'idea della "Vita Nova", Pisa, Edizioni della Normale, 2020.
Roberto Rea, Dante: guida alla Vita nuova, Roma, Carocci, 2021.
Luca Marcozzi, Dante e la povertà, Roma, Carocci, 2024.
One volume to be chosen among the two of the Lectura Dantis Romana, Cento canti per cento anni, III. Paradiso, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2014 (1. Canti I-XVII, or 2. Canti XVIII-XXXIII).
Non-attending students will add: Roberto Antonelli, Dante poeta-giudice del mondo terreno, Roma, Viella, 2021..
Any further bibliography will be indicated on the Teams channel of the course

Dante's «Purgatory»

The course aims to offer a comprehensive and in-depth reading of Dante's "Purgatorio." Defined by the historian Jacques Le Goff as the "poetic triumph" of the purgatorial realm, the second cantica of the "Commedia" represents the first and most significant artistic elaboration of this afterlife zone, the existence of which had been definitively recognized by the Church only a few years earlier (1274). Special attention will be given to the ways in which the poet constructs an extremely detailed and profoundly coherent space from multiple perspectives (cosmological, theological, penitential). Its various sources will be examined, with special attention to the religious practices and the theological speculation of the time. Furthermore, the course will delve deeply into Dante's reflection on poetry in this cantica: from his encounters with Casella, the troubadour Sordello, and the classical poet Statius; to his investigation of fame and artistic progress in Canto 11, and the pivotal Cantos 24 and 26 where Dante engages with various predecessors, fully defining his own poetics and a tradition of reference.

Texts:
- Dante, "Divina Commedia. Purgatorio", a cura di Anna Maria Chiavacci Leonardi, Milano, Mondadori, 1994 [and further editions]
NB: the "Purgatorio" must be read in its entirety.

Critical bibliography (on Moodle):
- E. Auerbach, "Sacrae scripturae sermo humilis", in Id., "Studi su Dante", Milano, Feltrinelli, 2002, pp. 167-175 [1941];
- G. Contini, "Dante come personaggio poeta", in Id., "Un’idea di Dante. Saggi danteschi", Torino, Einaudi, 20013, pp. 33-62;
- A. Pegoretti, "Dal «lito diserto» al giardino. La costruzione del paesaggio nel «Purgatorio» di Dante", Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2007.

Students not attending lectures will integrate their preparation reading the following essays (on Moodle):
- C. Delcorno, "Exemplum e letteratura tra Medioevo e Rinascimento", Bologna, il Mulino, 1989, Introduzione e pp. 195-227;
- E. Pasquini, "Il dominio metaforico", in Id., "Dante e le figure del vero. La fabbrica della «Commedia»", Milano: Bruno Mondadori, 2001, pp. 179-217
- E. Raimondi, "Rito e storia nel primo canto del «Purgatorio»", in Id., "Metafora e storia. Studi su Dante e Petrarca", Torino: Einaudi, 1977 [1970], pp. 65-94.

Renaissance is the season of the long narrative, the epic-chivalric poem (Boiardo, Ariosto, Tasso), in many ways the direct ancestor of the modern novel; but it is also an incredibly prolific season for the short story, which, starting from Boccaccio's model, acquires different forms, in verse and prose (including many antecedents and sources of Shakespeare). The course will follow the evolution and interaction between these two narrative genres and examine related issues, from the question of the open narrative (the novel, which also originated as a serial story) or closed narrative (novella incorniciata) to the success with the general public.

Attendig students:
Handouts supplied by the professor and downloadable from Teams
A book of your chice from among:
- R. Bruscagli, Studi cavallereschi, Firenze, Società Editrice Fiorentina, 2003
- G. Mazzacurati, All’ombra di Dioneo: tipologie e percorsi della novella da Boccaccio a Bandello, a cura di Matteo Palumbo, Scandicci, La Nuova Italia, 1996 (in fotocopie)
- M. Roggero, Le carte piene di sogni. Testi e lettori in età moderna, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2006

Non-attending students:
Supplementary handouts
S. Carapezza, La novella nel Cinquecento, Milano, Unicopli, 2013

This course focuses on practice of teaching Latin language in the schools with reference to morphology, metrical analysis and prose text translation

Didactic handouts available on the teacher's online page

The course has a monographic character dedicated to the language of twentieth-century theatre, with particular reference to Luigi Pirandello, Eduardo De Filippo and Dario Fo.

For a reference framework on twentieth-century theater and the work of the three authors, refer to the volume:
- C. Giovanardi - P. Trifone, La lingua del teatro, Bologna, il Mulino, 2015.

The course aims to provide essential tools for critically and consciously addressing the contents and the challenges posed by the teaching of Ancient Greek in secondary schools today. The lessons will follow two main thematic strands:
(A) The regulatory framework governing the teaching of Greek language and literature in secondary schools;
(B) Methodologies and tools, especially digital ones, useful for developing educational pathways (for themes, literary genres, and historical-cultural contexts); in this context, the reference texts will be Plato's Protagoras and Phaedrus.
Attendance at the course is optional. Attending students must ensure attendance at at least two-thirds of the classes (24 out of 36 hours). For attending students, a reduction of the program is provided (see section C in Bibliography).

For sections A and B, the bibliographic material will be provided to students by the teacher at the beginning of the lessons; (C) a choice of one volume among: F. Carta Piras, Didattica della lingua e della letteratura greca. Materiali per la didattica del greco e per la funzione docente (Sandhi: Ortacesus 2011); L. Canfora – U. Cardinale (eds.), Disegnare il futuro con intelligenza antica. L’insegnamento del latino e del greco antico in Italia e nel mondo (Il Mulino: Bologna 2012); R. Oniga – U. Cardinale (eds.), Lingue antiche e moderne dai licei alle università (Il Mulino: Bologna 2012). Attending students are not required to prepare this part of the bibliography

Romanticism, travel, memory: from Europe to Italy.

Bibliography:
M. Puppo, Il Romanticismo, Roma, Studium; can be replaced with:
E. Raimondi, Romanticismo italiano e romanticismo europeo, Milano, Bruno Mondadori
F. Suitner, I Promessi Sposi, un'idea di romanzo, Roma, Carocci
Further information on the texts to be prepared will be provided during the lessons.
Non-attending students will contact the teacher for instructions and additions to the program.

The course is devoted to the history and evolution of a particular genre of literary criticism: the Lectura Dantis. After a first part of lectures dedicated to focusing on the particular genre of criticism, some examples of Lectura Dantis will be presented and analysed. During the course, in addition to a series of seminar activities, students will be asked to produce their own Lectura Dantis.

Dante Alighieri, Purgatorio

The bucolic epos. The Theocritus’ bucolic Idylls
M. M:.Palumbo con note di L. Bettarini, Teocrito. Idilli e Epigrammi, Milano 2021, BUR.
Adele Teresa Cozzoli, Poeta e Filologo. Studi di poesia ellenistica, Roma 2012 (Herder edizioni)
G. Serrao, La poesia bucolica: realtà campeste e stilizzazione letteraria in L. Moretti, G. Serrao, M. Torelli, L. Franchi dell’Orto, Storia e Civiltà dei Greci, La Cultura ellenistica, 9, Bompiani, Milano 2000, pp. 180-199
Per la metrica si consiglia: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95; Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

M. M: Palumbo con note di L. Bettarini, Teocrito. Idilli e Epigrammi, Milano 2021, BUR.
Adele Teresa Cozzoli, Poeta e Filologo. Studi di poesia ellenistica, Roma 2012 (Herder edizioni)
G. Serrao, La poesia bucolica: realtà campeste e stilizzazione letteraria in L. Moretti, G. Serrao, M. Torelli, L. Franchi dell’Orto, Storia e Civiltà dei Greci, La Cultura ellenistica, 9, Bompiani, Milano 2000, pp. 180-199
Per la metrica si consiglia: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95; Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

The course “Greek Literature I LM” (“Materials for a cognitive criticism of literary texts in ancient Greece”) is intended for students who wish to combine deepening their knowledge of Ancient Greek with acquiring valid critical tools for interpreting literary texts. The course includes:
(A) a series of lectures aimed at illustrating the assumptions and methods of a cognitive-based literary criticism calibrated on the forms of ancient Greek literature;
(B) reading, translation, and commentary in class on a selection of texts (both in poetry and prose). Part of the texts to be worked on in class will be assigned to students so that they can be the subject of personal elaboration and presentation in class.
Attendance at the course is optional. Attending students must ensure attendance at at least two-thirds of the classes (24 out of 36 hours). For attending students, a reduction of the program is provided (see section C in Bibliography).

(A) An essential bibliography will be indicated by the teacher at the beginning of the course; it is strongly recommended to study T. Cave, Thinking with Literature: Towards a Cognitive Criticism (Oxford University Press: Oxford 2016); (B) The selection of texts to be examined in the course will be distributed by the teacher through e-learning channels (Teams); (C) M. Fantuzzi - R. L. Hunter, Tradition and Innovation in Hellenistic Poetry (CUP: Cambridge 2004). Attending students are not required to prepare on this volume.

First semester.
Time: 6 hours/week: Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, 12 to 2 p.m. Location: Sala riunioni di Mondo Antico. Beginning: Wednesday, October 2, 2024.

Course title 2024-2025: Roman Traditions and Apostolic Legends: Nereus and Achilleus, Processus and Martinianus and their passiones.

Some of the Roman passiones (5th-7th centuries) dedicated to martyred saints venerated in the Urbs intersect the events narrated in them with legends about Peter and Paul and the final part of their lives. The Passion of Saints Nereus and Achilleus and the Passion of Saints Processus and Martinianus will be explored in the course, according to various perspectives of investigation and with the active involvement of students.
The course is seminar-based in nature and involves the active participation of students.

Lecture materials (including critical editions of texts read in class) will be provided by the teacher.

General section.
For students who have never taken an exam in Ancient Christian Literature: M. SIMONETTI - E. PRINZIVALLI, Storia della letteratura cristiana antica, Bologna: EDB, 2022.
For students who have already taken exams in Ancient Christian Literature: H.Y. GAMBLE, Libri e lettori nella chiesa antica, Brescia: Paideia, 2006.

Moses the Egyptian. Texts and images of a myth.

This course aims to explore the narrative traditions about Moses against the background of Egyptian history and culture as perceived in antiquity and as revealed by modern research.

Notes and texts distributed during lessons.

The course is divided into four parts.
The first part aims to clarify the boundaries of the discipline, the semantic system underlying it, and the theories about the ways and times of the adoption of alphabetic writing in ancient Greece.
The second part, entitled “From Psephos to Psephisma”, examines the role of writing in the judicial, normative and legislative procedures. It considers a number of different types of inscriptions which illustrate the evolution of this process, from the simple inscriptions of the instrumentum publicum to the more elaborate epigraphic representation of assembly decrees.
The third part, “Greeks and non-Greeks in Magna Graecia”, is dedicated to an in-depth examination of a distinctive historical context. It employs the epigraphic approach to investigate the interactions between the Greek people of Magna Graecia and the indigenous populations. A particular emphasis will be placed on the relationship between the Tarentines and the Messapians.
The fourth and final part of the course will be devoted to workshop activities.

Students are asked to study M. Guarducci, L’epigrafia greca dalle origini al tardo impero (IPZS, Rome 1987) and the handouts provided during the course

Papyrus in the Middle Ages: A Mediterranean History (4th-11th Centuries).

This course aims to address, through seminar-style approaches, the history of papyrus in the Middle Ages. It is a classic topic that, starting from Henri Pirenne's research, has been consistently investigated by scholars of written culture, who have viewed papyrus as a writing material, as well as by historians of economics, who have regarded papyrus as an indicator of trade relations across the Mediterranean.

Taking into account interpretations and debates surrounding this topic or related themes, the lessons aim to discuss studies (books, essays), and especially sources (translated into Italian) based on a specific questionnaire: in which areas of the Mediterranean was papyrus produced, and how? What were the logics, dynamics, and economic actors of its circulation across the Mediterranean after the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476)? Did circulation encounter obstacles after the 7th century due to religious differences between Islam and Christianity? What were its areas of usage? How did these areas of usage vary depending on the cultural, geographical, economic, and political contexts? What impact did the economic logic of papyrus have on European cultural dynamics? When did the history of papyrus end, and why? How does the history of papyrus interact with our understanding of the cultural and economic history of the medieval Mediterranean?

Note well: In addition to participating in the discussions during the lessons, in the final section of the course students will be required to prepare and discuss, individually or in groups, a brief written text.

For attending students, the exam is essentially based on the materials provided by the professor and discussed in class. For reference reading, one can consider D. Internullo, Il papiro, la pergamena e le origini della memoria archivistica dell’Europa occidentale (secoli VI-XI), in Segni, sogni, materie e scrittura dall’Egitto tardoantico all’Europa carolingia, ed. by A. Ghignoli, M. Boccuzzi, A. Monte, N. Sietis, Roma 2023, pp. 119-162 (it will be available in the proper Teams channel)

For non-attending students, the examination is based on the comprehensive study of:
H. Pirenne, Maometto e Carlomagno, any of the many editions available
- C. Picard, Il mare dei califfi. Storia del Mediterraneo musulmano (secoli VII-XII), Roma, Carocci, 2017
- D. Internullo, Il papiro, la pergamena e le origini della memoria archivistica dell’Europa occidentale (secoli VI-XI), in Segni, sogni, materie e scrittura dall’Egitto tardoantico all’Europa carolingia, ed. by A. Ghignoli, M. Boccuzzi, A. Monte, N. Sietis, Roma 2023, pp. 119-162
Note well: in addition to an integral study, non-attending students are also asked to make the three readings interact with each other, trying in particular to understand: a) how our knowledge of Mediterranean history has changed since Pirenne's book publication - thus paying attention to Picard's book in this regard; b) how the data on papyrus circulation (cf. Internullo's essay) interacts with our knowledge of the Mediterranean.

Note well 2: A remedial programme must be agreed with the lecturer for those who have never taken a basic Medieval History examination (M-STO/01).

The course aims to address the study of the characteristics of Latin and Greek manuscripts, with particular regard to their value for philological and historical-cultural studies. In this regard, both the external characteristics of manuscripts will be examined (material techniques for the preparation of the book as a physical object, methods and tools for its preparation, with regard to the professional figures involved in the production process), and the cultural panorama of the times and places of origin of manuscript books. Therefore, each aspect will be illustrated by choosing a reference manuscript witness.
This course will include both the examination of reproductions of manuscripts, in paper and electronic format, and the direct examination of manuscripts and writing materials, through visits to archives and libraries.

The final exam will include the knowledge of the material provided during lessons and the discussion of one subject which the student will decide to study in depth. In addition students are required to study the following texts:
• M. Maniaci, Breve storia del libro manoscritto, Roma, Carocci, 2019;
• M. L. Agati, Il libro manoscritto da Oriente a Occidente. Per una codicologia comparata, L’Erma di Bretschneider, Roma 2009 (a selection of chapters);
• M. Cursi, Le forme del libro. Dalla tavoletta cerata all’e-book, Il Mulino, Bologna 2016, cap. III (pp. 97-160);
• Two articles among those presented during the course.

First semester
Timetable: Thursday, 4-6 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica); Friday, 1-4 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica)
Start date: October 3, 2024

Title of the class: Between Antiquity and Byzantium: Synesius of Cyrene, Neoplatonic Philosopher and Christian Bishop (“Eppure quale realtà è più reale in sé/ che nella sua trasformazione in altro – potrei quasi ripetere a memoria./ E non è altro, è la sua profondità medesima – anche questo non devo impararlo”, Mario Luzi)

The class shall deal with an emblematic figure of Late Antiquity: Synesius of Cyrene. After being a student of the pagan philosopher Hypatia at her school in Alexandria in the 390s, Synesius was consecrated bishop of Ptolemais by the intransigent patriarch Theophilus in 411 AD. With the exception of a few introductory lectures, each meeting shall be devoted to the analysis of a specific aspect of the author’s cultural legacy – which ranges from parenetics to literary criticism, from the philosophy of history to sacred poetry – with a particular focus on his work On Dreams.

MANDATORY TEXTS:
- Neil, B., “Synesius of Cyrene on Dreams as a Pathway to the Divine”, Phronema 30/2 (2015), pp. 19-36.
- Viltanioti, I.-F., “Synesius of Cyrene: Philosophy and Poetry ʻSharing the Same Templeʼ”, in Edwards, M. J. (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Early Christian Philosophy, Routledge, Abingdon-New York 2020, pp. 528-548.

For Bachelor and Master's degree students.
Second semester. Hours: one meeting per week will be held, lasting three academic hours, Laboratorio Informatico of the Area di Mondo Antico (LISA).
Course start: March 2025.
The mode of the course delivery will depend on the University regulations in force at the time. In any case, since it is a laboratory, which requires direct teacher-student interaction, there is NO registration of meetings and attendance (in the possible modes) is mandatory.

The Laboratory introduces to the knowledge of the main informatic resources for the historical and philological studies related to Antiquity, Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
- Introduction. Word-processor features. Multilingual keyboards; writing in ancient Greek.
- Creation of a scientific bibliography; methods of citation. Tools for bibliographic research: bibliographic repertories; on-line consultation of catalogues (OPAC); on-line consultation of books and periodicals (open access and by subscription); on-line reviews.
- Analysis of literary texts: text databases; electronic dictionaries; software for text analysis and lexical research on Greek and Latin texts.
- Research of epigraphic and papyraceous sources; research and consultation of manuscripts.

The teacher provides the didactic materials necessary for the carrying out of the Laboratory.

The course aims to convey a solid knowledge of written Italian, addressing, with a practical approach, various topics related to the structure of the text and the different textual typologies. It will also address topics useful for the acquisition of a correct writing method and the creation of texts, with particular attention to the typologies necessary for one's course of study.

The student, through examples and practical exercises on traditions (mono and pluritestimoniali) of texts of Italian literature, will deepen the knowledge of ecdotic tools aimed at the constitution of a critical edition, both in the field of reconstructive philology and in that of authorial philology. The theoretical and practical character of the Laboratory, with the active participation of each student, requires a programmed number of 25 students.

Applications for enrollment (both for bachelor's and master's degree students) can be sent by e-mail to silvia.finazzi@uniroma3.it, from 7th January to the last week of February 2025. For a better organization of enrollments and activities, students interested in participating are requested to indicate the following essential data in their e-mails: 1) matriculation number; 2) course of study; 3) philological exams already taken and/or philological courses already attended.

At the beginning of the lessons, the materials needed to carry out the practical exercises and any additional bibliography will be indicated and provided to the students.

Introduction to Biblical Hebrew

In this workshop students will learn the first elements of Hebrew grammar, and how to translate narrative texts of Hebrew Bible.

G. Deiana – A. Spreafico, Guida allo studio dell'ebraico biblico, Roma 1997 (e ristampe).
Exercises and texts distributed during course sessions.

“Vuoti di memoria” (“Voids of Memory”) is a TV program conceived by Loredana Rotondo in the early 2000s to bring attention back to some figures either forgotten or slipped to the margins of public discourse. Over the course of several years, 20 episodes of about 35 minutes each were produced. These documentaries are built primarily on both visual and textual sources, and on interviews aiming to situate the protagonists within their network of relationships.
Ten episodes were selected for the workshop, dedicated to the following figures:
Carla Lonzi
Giuseppe De Santis
Paola Levi Montalcini
Amelia Rosselli
Goliarda Sapienza
Bruno Munari
Cristina Campo
Annibale Ruccello
Gino Martinoli
Danilo Dolci
The workshop is organized in a series of meetings centered on the screening of documentaries and their analysis. It intends to deepen practices related to the use of visual, textual and oral sources, fundamental to the work of historical reconstruction. The workshop is curated by Professors Laura Fortini, Laura Iamurri and Manfredi Merluzzi.

The ten documentaries of the series “Vuoti di memoria” will be available on the Teche Rai. Focused readings will be made available on the e-learning platform of the Department of Humanities.

Dominance has never been achieved solely through the recognition and display of superior technological or military might. Knowledge is power, and it exercises its influence, as Italian philosopher Antonio Gramsci put it, in the field of cultural hegemony, establishing the boundaries of what knowledge is and is not. Information, education and cultural and scientific production form the deep level of geopolitical interaction. Now, for the first time in history, this complex set of ideologies, practices and interchange has converged into a unified medium of production, access and diffusion: the web and its tools. From Edward Snowden's revelations in 2013 to the Cambridge Analytica-Facebook scandal in 2018, from the pandemic to the contemporary war on fake news, the web and its sister technologies have become the ground on which to exercise control over politics and health, train new generations, disseminate scientific results, influence economic choices and challenge social norms. The cultural, aesthetic, social, juridical, economic and other structures that characterized the history of humanity up to the early years of the 21st century have been swept away by a new subject-object: the empire of the platforms.
The purpose of this course is to introduce students to these issues, trying to develop a critical awareness of the use of digital tools and to stimulate active participation in the revolutionary processes we are experiencing today.

Workshop assigments and discussions will be based on the volume authored by Mario Ricciardi, "Communico. Linguaggi, immagini, algoritmi" (Rome, TAB Edizioni, 2021). Students will have to write weekly responses on the assigned readings and engage in both online and offline discussions guided by the instructor.

The instructor will make available selected passages and/or chapters from the following list of texts (1 an 5 are also available in English):

1) Shoshana Zuboff (2019), Il capitalismo della sorveglianza. Il futuro dell'umanità nell'era dei nuovi poteri, Roma, LUISS.
2) Gabriele Balbi e Paolo Magaudda (2014), Storia dei media digitali. Rivoluzioni e continuità. Roma-Bari, Laterza.
3) Sergio Bellucci (2019), L'industria dei sensi. Roma, Harpo.
4) Teresa Numerico (2021), Big data e algoritmi. Prospettive critiche. Roma, Carocci.
5) Guillame Pitron (2019), La guerra dei metalli rari. Il lato oscuro della transizione digitale. Roma, LUISS.

During the course we will focus on the most significant developments involving the civilization that flourished in the area now occupied by the city of Rome from the 8th century BCE onward. In particular, the course aims to examine the main aspects concerning its cultural and socioeconomic history, cross-referencing the evidence preserved through the historical-antiquarian tradition with archaeological data: under the lens will be in particular the dynamics of conflict, exchanges with other communities, the formation of the Roman community and its institutions, the role of religion. The reconstruction of the earliest history of Roman civilization poses numerous problems in terms of methodology and interpretation of the sources, which over the centuries have fueled very heated debates that are still alive today: the main discussions and the different positions that have emerged within them will be the subject of specific examination, in order to introduce students to the dynamics of scientific confrontation in the field of antiquarian historiography

This course is devoted to the earliest epigraphic evidence in Latin, from the earliest 8th-century attestations up to the finds of the early Republican age. These inscriptions convey invaluable information about many aspects related to language, private life and political culture in the early centuries of Rome, enabling us to grasp fragments of otherwise obscure processes and phenomena. Only rarely and with much effort is it possible to compare the information conveyed by archaic epigraphy with clues handed down by sources of a different nature: for this reason, the study of the oldest Latin inscriptions confronts the historian with the need to make every minute detail worth it in order to gather clues useful for reconstructing the sociocultural context within which the inscriptions were produced. This means that although the techniques and methodologies are the same as those used in the study of more recent inscriptions, archaic epigraphy requires a different and specific application of them - greater weight is given, for example, to linguistic aspects - to which students will be introduced in the course of the lectures.

The course is divided into four parts.
The first part aims to clarify the boundaries of the discipline, the semantic system underlying it, and the theories about the ways and times of the adoption of alphabetic writing in ancient Greece.
The second part, entitled “From Psephos to Psephisma”, examines the role of writing in the judicial, normative and legislative procedures. It considers a number of different types of inscriptions which illustrate the evolution of this process, from the simple inscriptions of the instrumentum publicum to the more elaborate epigraphic representation of assembly decrees.
The third part, “Greeks and non-Greeks in Magna Graecia”, is dedicated to an in-depth examination of a distinctive historical context. It employs the epigraphic approach to investigate the interactions between the Greek people of Magna Graecia and the indigenous populations. A particular emphasis will be placed on the relationship between the Tarentines and the Messapians.
The fourth and final part of the course will be devoted to workshop activities.

Students are asked to study M. Guarducci, L’epigrafia greca dalle origini al tardo impero (IPZS, Rome 1987) and the handouts provided during the course

Course title:
Cassiodorus' De anima

Course description:
The module, of a monographic nature, intends first of all to retrace, in broad terms, the developments of a theme - that of the soul - dear to the tradition of Western thought since its beginnings, and capable, as well as incessantly nourishing philosophical and religious reflection, so to speak, of a high level, also having a singular impact on mentalities, on the imagination, on life behaviors, on the self-perception and representation of the human being in Western culture, particularly in the Latin Middle Ages. A work will then be analyzed - Cassiodorus' De anima - which enjoyed widespread success for a long time, and which, due to its eclectic character but not without traits of originality, lends itself well to providing an articulated and problematic status quaestionis on the theme , as it took shape in the early medieval centuries, before the more complete elaborations of Scholasticism. – As part of the module, exercises will also be activated aimed at orienting towards the knowledge and use of the main bibliographic and IT tools for the study and research on Middle Latin authors.

- MAGNI AURELII CASSIODORI De anima, cura et studio J. W. Halporn, Brepols, Turnholti 1973 (Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina 96, 533-575).
- M. DI MARCO, Scelta e utilizzazione delle fonti nel "De anima" di Cassiodoro, in Studi e Materiali di Storia delle religioni, n.s. IX,1 (1985) 93-117;
- M. DI MARCO, Note sulla simbologia dei numeri nel "De anima" di Cassiodoro, in Cassiodoro dalla Corte di Ravenna al Vivarium di Squillace. Atti del Convegno Internazionale, Squillace 25-27 ottobre 1990, a cura di S. Leanza, Rubbettino, Soveria Mannelli-Messina 1993, 199-212.
- M. DI MARCO, Virtus adunationis. Alcuni esempi di innovazione lessicale nel De anima di Cassiodoro, in Varietate delectamur. Multifarious Approaches to Synchronic and Diachronic Variation in Latin. Selected Papers from the 14th International Colloquium on Late and Vulgar Latin (Ghent, 2022), Brepols, Turnhout 2024 (in corso di stampa).
- Anima e corpo nella cultura medievale, a cura di C. Casagrande e S. Vecchio, Ed. SISMEL, Firenze 1999 (Millennio medievale, 15).

The course aims to address the study of the characteristics of Latin and Greek manuscripts, with particular regard to their value for philological and historical-cultural studies. In this regard, both the external characteristics of manuscripts will be examined (material techniques for the preparation of the book as a physical object, methods and tools for its preparation, with regard to the professional figures involved in the production process), and the cultural panorama of the times and places of origin of manuscript books. Therefore, each aspect will be illustrated by choosing a reference manuscript witness.
This course will include both the examination of reproductions of manuscripts, in paper and electronic format, and the direct examination of manuscripts and writing materials, through visits to archives and libraries.

The final exam will include the knowledge of the material provided during lessons and the discussion of one subject which the student will decide to study in depth. In addition students are required to study the following texts:
• M. Maniaci, Breve storia del libro manoscritto, Roma, Carocci, 2019;
• M. L. Agati, Il libro manoscritto da Oriente a Occidente. Per una codicologia comparata, L’Erma di Bretschneider, Roma 2009 (a selection of chapters);
• M. Cursi, Le forme del libro. Dalla tavoletta cerata all’e-book, Il Mulino, Bologna 2016, cap. III (pp. 97-160);
• Two articles among those presented during the course.

Course Title:
Saint Sebastian: Between Legend and Devotion

Course Description:
This course aims to reconstruct the early phases of the veneration of the (bi)martyr saint, Saint Sebastian. He is first recorded in the Depositio martyrum of 354, with a commemoration date of January 20, noting his burial on the Via Appia ad catacumbas, where the Memoria Apostolorum was located (later known as the Basilica Apostolorum under Constantine). Subsequently, he is briefly mentioned by Ambrose in his Commentary on Psalm 118 and ultimately becomes the central figure in the Passio Sancti Sebastiani, written between 430 and 450 by Arnobius the Younger, an African monk contemporary with Augustine, residing in the monastery established next to the Basilica Apostolorum. The course will particularly focus on analyzing this text, which enjoyed significant popularity. Students interested in exploring further may participate in a storytelling workshop with professional actors, who, alongside the course instructor, are engaged in a project to enhance the Basilica of Saint Sebastian in celebration of the Jubilee. This workshop aims to immerse students in the performative dimension characteristic of many ancient and medieval hagiographical texts.

Michael Lapidge (ed.), The Roman Martyrs, Oxford 2018.
Further bibliography willl be provided during the course

1453: Notes from Underground (“La chute de Constantinople est un malheur personnel qui nous est arrivé la semaine dernière”, Antoine Bibesco)
The Byzantine Philology LM module, which is designed for students of Philology, Literature and History of Antiquity, will be devoted to a careful reading of the most relevant sources - from both a historical and a specifically poliorcetic point of view - of the fall of Constantinople on 29 May 1453.
The course will provide a topographical overview of the Eastern capital before attempting a reconstruction of the phases of the long siege that brought an end, at least politically, to the eleven centuries of 'Byzantine life' in Constantinople. The analysis of the events will be carried out, first of all, through a comparative reading of 'official' sources of both sides in the field, i.e. the Byzantine (George Sphrantzes, Doukas, Critoboulus, Laonikos Chalkokondyles) and the Western ones (Isidore of Kiev, Leonardo di Chio, Niccolò Barbaro, Angelo Giovanni Lomellino, Ubertino Pusculo), but also the Ottoman ones (Tursun Beg and Ibn Kemâl). At a later stage, however, the exegesis of this first group of sources will be supplemented by the examination of lesser-known testimonies whose origins can more likely be traced to intelligence circles. Aside from being extremely valuable for reconstructing the last, decisive hours of the siege, they are also extremely useful for understanding how such an event influenced the entire Mediterranean geopolitical environment. By participating in such an exegetical work, which is partially interactive, students have direct access to the research activity carried out by the chair of Byzantinistics at Roma Tre on the fall of Constantinople.
For the conclusion of the course, students will have the opportunity to attend an educational trip to the Peloponnese, in particular to the archaeological site of Mystras (Unesco heritage site since 1989), organized in collaboration with the Italian Cultural Institute of Athens and the Ephorate of Antiquities of Lakonia. The main purpose of the event will be to present on site to the participants various elements illustrated during the course of the lectures.

MANDATORY TEXTS
- S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
- A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

First semester.
Time: 6 hours/week: Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, 12 to 2 p.m. Location: Sala riunioni di Mondo Antico. Beginning: Wednesday, October 2, 2024.

Course title 2024-2025: Roman Traditions and Apostolic Legends: Nereus and Achilleus, Processus and Martinianus and their passiones.

Some of the Roman passiones (5th-7th centuries) dedicated to martyred saints venerated in the Urbs intersect the events narrated in them with legends about Peter and Paul and the final part of their lives. The Passion of Saints Nereus and Achilleus and the Passion of Saints Processus and Martinianus will be explored in the course, according to various perspectives of investigation and with the active involvement of students.
The course is seminar-based in nature and involves the active participation of students.

Lecture materials (including critical editions of texts read in class) will be provided by the teacher.

General section.
For students who have never taken an exam in Ancient Christian Literature: M. SIMONETTI - E. PRINZIVALLI, Storia della letteratura cristiana antica, Bologna: EDB, 2022.
For students who have already taken exams in Ancient Christian Literature: H.Y. GAMBLE, Libri e lettori nella chiesa antica, Brescia: Paideia, 2006.

1453: The 55 Days that Changed the World (“Ci sono luoghi in cui la storia è inevitabile come un incidente automobilistico — luoghi in cui la geografia provoca la storia. Uno è Istanbul, alias Costantinopoli, alias Bisanzio”. Iosif Brodskij)
Byzantine History and Civilisation LM module, which primarily targets Art History; Archaeology; Religions, Cultures, History; History and Society; Philology, Literatures and History of Antiquity students, examines the fall of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks on 29 May 1453, following fifty-five days of siege led by the young and ambitious Sultan Mehmet II Fatih.
A topographical survey of the Byzantine capital will be provided in the course: Using maps, a faithful reconstruction of the city on the eve of its fall will be presented, highlighting the defensive structures, including the great Theodosian walls, the sea walls around the Sea of Marmara and the Golden Horn, and the walls surrounding the imperial palace of the Blacherne.; finally, the harbour, which was barred to enemy ships in the event of an attack by stretching a long chain from Constantinople to Pera/Galata in front). After that, the course will clearly reconstruct the various phases of the siege and the final battle, illustrating the findings of the research conducted by the chair of Byzantinistics at Roma Tre and corroborated by articles published and presentations given in national and international scientific contexts. These findings contradict the widely held view that the victory of the Turks was inevitable, due to superior numerical strength and armament, or even due to the "will to fall" (Braudel) of an exhausted Byzantium on a political level.
For the conclusion of the course, students will have the opportunity to attend an educational trip to the Peloponnese, in particular to the archaeological site of Mystras (Unesco heritage site since 1989), organized in collaboration with the Italian Cultural Institute of Athens and the Ephorate of Antiquities of Lakonia. The main purpose of the event will be to present on site to the participants various elements illustrated during the course of the lectures.

MANDATORY TEXTS
- S. Ronchey, Lo Stato bizantino, Torino, Einaudi, 2002
- A. Pertusi (a c. di), La caduta di Costantinopoli, 2 voll., Fondazione Lorenzo Valla / Mondadori, Milano 1976

First semester
Timetable: Thursday, 4-6 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica); Friday, 1-4 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica)
Start date: October 3, 2024

Title of the class: Between Antiquity and Byzantium: Synesius of Cyrene, Neoplatonic Philosopher and Christian Bishop (“Eppure quale realtà è più reale in sé/ che nella sua trasformazione in altro – potrei quasi ripetere a memoria./ E non è altro, è la sua profondità medesima – anche questo non devo impararlo”, Mario Luzi)

The class shall deal with an emblematic figure of Late Antiquity: Synesius of Cyrene. After being a student of the pagan philosopher Hypatia at her school in Alexandria in the 390s, Synesius was consecrated bishop of Ptolemais by the intransigent patriarch Theophilus in 411 AD. With the exception of a few introductory lectures, each meeting shall be devoted to the analysis of a specific aspect of the author’s cultural legacy – which ranges from parenetics to literary criticism, from the philosophy of history to sacred poetry – with a particular focus on his work On Dreams.

MANDATORY TEXTS:
- Neil, B., “Synesius of Cyrene on Dreams as a Pathway to the Divine”, Phronema 30/2 (2015), pp. 19-36.
- Viltanioti, I.-F., “Synesius of Cyrene: Philosophy and Poetry ʻSharing the Same Templeʼ”, in Edwards, M. J. (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Early Christian Philosophy, Routledge, Abingdon-New York 2020, pp. 528-548.

Seneca and the power: the two faces of an intellectual between commitment and compromise.
The course will offer a presentation of the literary context of Seneca's "Apokokokyntosis" and "Consolatio ad Polybium", and will proceed with the integral reading, interpretation and commentary of both works, paying particular attention to the formal aspects of style and, where present, of metric.

- For "Apokolokyntosis":
an edition chosen among: Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokolokyntosis, a cura di G. Vannini, Milano (Mondadori), Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokokyntosis, introduzione, traduzione e note a cura di R. Mugellesi, Milani (Rizzoli) e Lucio Anneo Seneca, Apokokyntosis, a cura di G. Focardi, Firenze (Giunti).

- For "Consolatio ad Polybium":
Lucio Anneo Seneca, Le consolazioni: a Marcia, alla madre Helvia, a Polibio, introduzione, traduzione e note di A. Traina, Milano (Rizzoli).

This course is devoted to the earliest epigraphic evidence in Latin, from the earliest 8th-century attestations up to the finds of the early Republican age. These inscriptions convey invaluable information about many aspects related to language, private life and political culture in the early centuries of Rome, enabling us to grasp fragments of otherwise obscure processes and phenomena. Only rarely and with much effort is it possible to compare the information conveyed by archaic epigraphy with clues handed down by sources of a different nature: for this reason, the study of the oldest Latin inscriptions confronts the historian with the need to make every minute detail worth it in order to gather clues useful for reconstructing the sociocultural context within which the inscriptions were produced. This means that although the techniques and methodologies are the same as those used in the study of more recent inscriptions, archaic epigraphy requires a different and specific application of them - greater weight is given, for example, to linguistic aspects - to which students will be introduced in the course of the lectures.

- Outlines of the manuscript transmission and principles of textual criticism of Latin literary texts.

- "Cruel Venus”: Seneca's "Phaedra". The course will offer a presentation of the literary context of Latin tragedy, and will proceed to philological reading, interpretation and commentary of the entire text of the senecan drama, paying particular attention to aspects of manuscript tradition and ecdotics, as well as poetic form (relationship with the models , with particular attention to Euripides' "Hippolytus", metre, style).

- - P. Chiesa, La trasmissione dei testi latini. Storia e metodo critico, Roma (Carocci);
- M. De Nonno, Transmission and Textual Criticism, in The Oxford Handbook of Roman Studies, edd. A. Barchiesi & W. Scheidel, Oxford University Press, pp. 31-48 [photocopies of this work will be made available on line ]
- P. Maas, La critica del testo. Traduzione a cura di G. Ziffer, Roma (Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura).

- Seneca, Fedra, introduzione, traduzione e commento a cura di A. Casamento, ed. Carocci

Dante from Vita Nova to Paradise. The course is dedicated to Dante's poetry and the development of his style. The first part includes reading, contextualization and commentary of Vita nova and part of the Rime. The second part will be occupied by the complete reading with commentary of Paradise. In addition to in-depth studies on Dante's literary language, the main hermeneutical junctions of the third canticle will be examined, also in relation to Dante's self-exegesis expressed in the Epistle to Cangrande. The course includes lectures dedicated to the reading and commentary of the proposed works, with critical insights. The final part of the course will be dedicated to the creation of critical and didactic paths on the basis of the two works considered.
The course includes frontal teaching dedicated to reading and commenting on the works considered, with critical insights. The final part of the course will be dedicated to the creation of critical and educational paths based on the two works considered.

Texts:
Dante Alighieri, Vita nova, introduzione, revisione del testo e commento di Stefano Carrai, Milano, Rizzoli, 2009.
Dante Alighieri, Paradiso, a cura di G. Inglese, Roma, Carocci, 2016.
Dante Alighieri, Epistola a Cangrande, a cura di L. Azzetta, Roma-Padova, Antenore, 2024.
Bibliography:
Stefano Carrai, Il primo libro di Dante. Un'idea della "Vita Nova", Pisa, Edizioni della Normale, 2020.
Roberto Rea, Dante: guida alla Vita nuova, Roma, Carocci, 2021.
Luca Marcozzi, Dante e la povertà, Roma, Carocci, 2024.
One volume to be chosen among the two of the Lectura Dantis Romana, Cento canti per cento anni, III. Paradiso, Roma, Salerno editrice, 2014 (1. Canti I-XVII, or 2. Canti XVIII-XXXIII).
Non-attending students will add: Roberto Antonelli, Dante poeta-giudice del mondo terreno, Roma, Viella, 2021..
Any further bibliography will be indicated on the Teams channel of the course

Dante's «Purgatory»

The course aims to offer a comprehensive and in-depth reading of Dante's "Purgatorio." Defined by the historian Jacques Le Goff as the "poetic triumph" of the purgatorial realm, the second cantica of the "Commedia" represents the first and most significant artistic elaboration of this afterlife zone, the existence of which had been definitively recognized by the Church only a few years earlier (1274). Special attention will be given to the ways in which the poet constructs an extremely detailed and profoundly coherent space from multiple perspectives (cosmological, theological, penitential). Its various sources will be examined, with special attention to the religious practices and the theological speculation of the time. Furthermore, the course will delve deeply into Dante's reflection on poetry in this cantica: from his encounters with Casella, the troubadour Sordello, and the classical poet Statius; to his investigation of fame and artistic progress in Canto 11, and the pivotal Cantos 24 and 26 where Dante engages with various predecessors, fully defining his own poetics and a tradition of reference.

Texts:
- Dante, "Divina Commedia. Purgatorio", a cura di Anna Maria Chiavacci Leonardi, Milano, Mondadori, 1994 [and further editions]
NB: the "Purgatorio" must be read in its entirety.

Critical bibliography (on Moodle):
- E. Auerbach, "Sacrae scripturae sermo humilis", in Id., "Studi su Dante", Milano, Feltrinelli, 2002, pp. 167-175 [1941];
- G. Contini, "Dante come personaggio poeta", in Id., "Un’idea di Dante. Saggi danteschi", Torino, Einaudi, 20013, pp. 33-62;
- A. Pegoretti, "Dal «lito diserto» al giardino. La costruzione del paesaggio nel «Purgatorio» di Dante", Bologna, Bononia University Press, 2007.

Students not attending lectures will integrate their preparation reading the following essays (on Moodle):
- C. Delcorno, "Exemplum e letteratura tra Medioevo e Rinascimento", Bologna, il Mulino, 1989, Introduzione e pp. 195-227;
- E. Pasquini, "Il dominio metaforico", in Id., "Dante e le figure del vero. La fabbrica della «Commedia»", Milano: Bruno Mondadori, 2001, pp. 179-217
- E. Raimondi, "Rito e storia nel primo canto del «Purgatorio»", in Id., "Metafora e storia. Studi su Dante e Petrarca", Torino: Einaudi, 1977 [1970], pp. 65-94.

Renaissance is the season of the long narrative, the epic-chivalric poem (Boiardo, Ariosto, Tasso), in many ways the direct ancestor of the modern novel; but it is also an incredibly prolific season for the short story, which, starting from Boccaccio's model, acquires different forms, in verse and prose (including many antecedents and sources of Shakespeare). The course will follow the evolution and interaction between these two narrative genres and examine related issues, from the question of the open narrative (the novel, which also originated as a serial story) or closed narrative (novella incorniciata) to the success with the general public.

Attendig students:
Handouts supplied by the professor and downloadable from Teams
A book of your chice from among:
- R. Bruscagli, Studi cavallereschi, Firenze, Società Editrice Fiorentina, 2003
- G. Mazzacurati, All’ombra di Dioneo: tipologie e percorsi della novella da Boccaccio a Bandello, a cura di Matteo Palumbo, Scandicci, La Nuova Italia, 1996 (in fotocopie)
- M. Roggero, Le carte piene di sogni. Testi e lettori in età moderna, Bologna, Il Mulino, 2006

Non-attending students:
Supplementary handouts
S. Carapezza, La novella nel Cinquecento, Milano, Unicopli, 2013

This course focuses on practice of teaching Latin language in the schools with reference to morphology, metrical analysis and prose text translation

Didactic handouts available on the teacher's online page

The course has a monographic character dedicated to the language of twentieth-century theatre, with particular reference to Luigi Pirandello, Eduardo De Filippo and Dario Fo.

For a reference framework on twentieth-century theater and the work of the three authors, refer to the volume:
- C. Giovanardi - P. Trifone, La lingua del teatro, Bologna, il Mulino, 2015.

The course aims to provide essential tools for critically and consciously addressing the contents and the challenges posed by the teaching of Ancient Greek in secondary schools today. The lessons will follow two main thematic strands:
(A) The regulatory framework governing the teaching of Greek language and literature in secondary schools;
(B) Methodologies and tools, especially digital ones, useful for developing educational pathways (for themes, literary genres, and historical-cultural contexts); in this context, the reference texts will be Plato's Protagoras and Phaedrus.
Attendance at the course is optional. Attending students must ensure attendance at at least two-thirds of the classes (24 out of 36 hours). For attending students, a reduction of the program is provided (see section C in Bibliography).

For sections A and B, the bibliographic material will be provided to students by the teacher at the beginning of the lessons; (C) a choice of one volume among: F. Carta Piras, Didattica della lingua e della letteratura greca. Materiali per la didattica del greco e per la funzione docente (Sandhi: Ortacesus 2011); L. Canfora – U. Cardinale (eds.), Disegnare il futuro con intelligenza antica. L’insegnamento del latino e del greco antico in Italia e nel mondo (Il Mulino: Bologna 2012); R. Oniga – U. Cardinale (eds.), Lingue antiche e moderne dai licei alle università (Il Mulino: Bologna 2012). Attending students are not required to prepare this part of the bibliography

Romanticism, travel, memory: from Europe to Italy.

Bibliography:
M. Puppo, Il Romanticismo, Roma, Studium; can be replaced with:
E. Raimondi, Romanticismo italiano e romanticismo europeo, Milano, Bruno Mondadori
F. Suitner, I Promessi Sposi, un'idea di romanzo, Roma, Carocci
Further information on the texts to be prepared will be provided during the lessons.
Non-attending students will contact the teacher for instructions and additions to the program.

The course is devoted to the history and evolution of a particular genre of literary criticism: the Lectura Dantis. After a first part of lectures dedicated to focusing on the particular genre of criticism, some examples of Lectura Dantis will be presented and analysed. During the course, in addition to a series of seminar activities, students will be asked to produce their own Lectura Dantis.

Dante Alighieri, Purgatorio

The bucolic epos. The Theocritus’ bucolic Idylls
M. M:.Palumbo con note di L. Bettarini, Teocrito. Idilli e Epigrammi, Milano 2021, BUR.
Adele Teresa Cozzoli, Poeta e Filologo. Studi di poesia ellenistica, Roma 2012 (Herder edizioni)
G. Serrao, La poesia bucolica: realtà campeste e stilizzazione letteraria in L. Moretti, G. Serrao, M. Torelli, L. Franchi dell’Orto, Storia e Civiltà dei Greci, La Cultura ellenistica, 9, Bompiani, Milano 2000, pp. 180-199
Per la metrica si consiglia: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95; Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

M. M: Palumbo con note di L. Bettarini, Teocrito. Idilli e Epigrammi, Milano 2021, BUR.
Adele Teresa Cozzoli, Poeta e Filologo. Studi di poesia ellenistica, Roma 2012 (Herder edizioni)
G. Serrao, La poesia bucolica: realtà campeste e stilizzazione letteraria in L. Moretti, G. Serrao, M. Torelli, L. Franchi dell’Orto, Storia e Civiltà dei Greci, La Cultura ellenistica, 9, Bompiani, Milano 2000, pp. 180-199
Per la metrica si consiglia: B. Gentili-L. Lomiento, Metrica e ritmica. Storie delle forme poetiche nella Grecia antica, Mondadori Università 2003, 3-95; Maria Chiara Martinelli, Gli Strumenti del Poeta, Cappelli editore 1995

The course “Greek Literature I LM” (“Materials for a cognitive criticism of literary texts in ancient Greece”) is intended for students who wish to combine deepening their knowledge of Ancient Greek with acquiring valid critical tools for interpreting literary texts. The course includes:
(A) a series of lectures aimed at illustrating the assumptions and methods of a cognitive-based literary criticism calibrated on the forms of ancient Greek literature;
(B) reading, translation, and commentary in class on a selection of texts (both in poetry and prose). Part of the texts to be worked on in class will be assigned to students so that they can be the subject of personal elaboration and presentation in class.
Attendance at the course is optional. Attending students must ensure attendance at at least two-thirds of the classes (24 out of 36 hours). For attending students, a reduction of the program is provided (see section C in Bibliography).

(A) An essential bibliography will be indicated by the teacher at the beginning of the course; it is strongly recommended to study T. Cave, Thinking with Literature: Towards a Cognitive Criticism (Oxford University Press: Oxford 2016); (B) The selection of texts to be examined in the course will be distributed by the teacher through e-learning channels (Teams); (C) M. Fantuzzi - R. L. Hunter, Tradition and Innovation in Hellenistic Poetry (CUP: Cambridge 2004). Attending students are not required to prepare on this volume.

First semester.
Time: 6 hours/week: Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, 12 to 2 p.m. Location: Sala riunioni di Mondo Antico. Beginning: Wednesday, October 2, 2024.

Course title 2024-2025: Roman Traditions and Apostolic Legends: Nereus and Achilleus, Processus and Martinianus and their passiones.

Some of the Roman passiones (5th-7th centuries) dedicated to martyred saints venerated in the Urbs intersect the events narrated in them with legends about Peter and Paul and the final part of their lives. The Passion of Saints Nereus and Achilleus and the Passion of Saints Processus and Martinianus will be explored in the course, according to various perspectives of investigation and with the active involvement of students.
The course is seminar-based in nature and involves the active participation of students.

Lecture materials (including critical editions of texts read in class) will be provided by the teacher.

General section.
For students who have never taken an exam in Ancient Christian Literature: M. SIMONETTI - E. PRINZIVALLI, Storia della letteratura cristiana antica, Bologna: EDB, 2022.
For students who have already taken exams in Ancient Christian Literature: H.Y. GAMBLE, Libri e lettori nella chiesa antica, Brescia: Paideia, 2006.

Moses the Egyptian. Texts and images of a myth.

This course aims to explore the narrative traditions about Moses against the background of Egyptian history and culture as perceived in antiquity and as revealed by modern research.

Notes and texts distributed during lessons.

The course is divided into four parts.
The first part aims to clarify the boundaries of the discipline, the semantic system underlying it, and the theories about the ways and times of the adoption of alphabetic writing in ancient Greece.
The second part, entitled “From Psephos to Psephisma”, examines the role of writing in the judicial, normative and legislative procedures. It considers a number of different types of inscriptions which illustrate the evolution of this process, from the simple inscriptions of the instrumentum publicum to the more elaborate epigraphic representation of assembly decrees.
The third part, “Greeks and non-Greeks in Magna Graecia”, is dedicated to an in-depth examination of a distinctive historical context. It employs the epigraphic approach to investigate the interactions between the Greek people of Magna Graecia and the indigenous populations. A particular emphasis will be placed on the relationship between the Tarentines and the Messapians.
The fourth and final part of the course will be devoted to workshop activities.

Students are asked to study M. Guarducci, L’epigrafia greca dalle origini al tardo impero (IPZS, Rome 1987) and the handouts provided during the course

Papyrus in the Middle Ages: A Mediterranean History (4th-11th Centuries).

This course aims to address, through seminar-style approaches, the history of papyrus in the Middle Ages. It is a classic topic that, starting from Henri Pirenne's research, has been consistently investigated by scholars of written culture, who have viewed papyrus as a writing material, as well as by historians of economics, who have regarded papyrus as an indicator of trade relations across the Mediterranean.

Taking into account interpretations and debates surrounding this topic or related themes, the lessons aim to discuss studies (books, essays), and especially sources (translated into Italian) based on a specific questionnaire: in which areas of the Mediterranean was papyrus produced, and how? What were the logics, dynamics, and economic actors of its circulation across the Mediterranean after the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476)? Did circulation encounter obstacles after the 7th century due to religious differences between Islam and Christianity? What were its areas of usage? How did these areas of usage vary depending on the cultural, geographical, economic, and political contexts? What impact did the economic logic of papyrus have on European cultural dynamics? When did the history of papyrus end, and why? How does the history of papyrus interact with our understanding of the cultural and economic history of the medieval Mediterranean?

Note well: In addition to participating in the discussions during the lessons, in the final section of the course students will be required to prepare and discuss, individually or in groups, a brief written text.

For attending students, the exam is essentially based on the materials provided by the professor and discussed in class. For reference reading, one can consider D. Internullo, Il papiro, la pergamena e le origini della memoria archivistica dell’Europa occidentale (secoli VI-XI), in Segni, sogni, materie e scrittura dall’Egitto tardoantico all’Europa carolingia, ed. by A. Ghignoli, M. Boccuzzi, A. Monte, N. Sietis, Roma 2023, pp. 119-162 (it will be available in the proper Teams channel)

For non-attending students, the examination is based on the comprehensive study of:
H. Pirenne, Maometto e Carlomagno, any of the many editions available
- C. Picard, Il mare dei califfi. Storia del Mediterraneo musulmano (secoli VII-XII), Roma, Carocci, 2017
- D. Internullo, Il papiro, la pergamena e le origini della memoria archivistica dell’Europa occidentale (secoli VI-XI), in Segni, sogni, materie e scrittura dall’Egitto tardoantico all’Europa carolingia, ed. by A. Ghignoli, M. Boccuzzi, A. Monte, N. Sietis, Roma 2023, pp. 119-162
Note well: in addition to an integral study, non-attending students are also asked to make the three readings interact with each other, trying in particular to understand: a) how our knowledge of Mediterranean history has changed since Pirenne's book publication - thus paying attention to Picard's book in this regard; b) how the data on papyrus circulation (cf. Internullo's essay) interacts with our knowledge of the Mediterranean.

Note well 2: A remedial programme must be agreed with the lecturer for those who have never taken a basic Medieval History examination (M-STO/01).

The course aims to address the study of the characteristics of Latin and Greek manuscripts, with particular regard to their value for philological and historical-cultural studies. In this regard, both the external characteristics of manuscripts will be examined (material techniques for the preparation of the book as a physical object, methods and tools for its preparation, with regard to the professional figures involved in the production process), and the cultural panorama of the times and places of origin of manuscript books. Therefore, each aspect will be illustrated by choosing a reference manuscript witness.
This course will include both the examination of reproductions of manuscripts, in paper and electronic format, and the direct examination of manuscripts and writing materials, through visits to archives and libraries.

The final exam will include the knowledge of the material provided during lessons and the discussion of one subject which the student will decide to study in depth. In addition students are required to study the following texts:
• M. Maniaci, Breve storia del libro manoscritto, Roma, Carocci, 2019;
• M. L. Agati, Il libro manoscritto da Oriente a Occidente. Per una codicologia comparata, L’Erma di Bretschneider, Roma 2009 (a selection of chapters);
• M. Cursi, Le forme del libro. Dalla tavoletta cerata all’e-book, Il Mulino, Bologna 2016, cap. III (pp. 97-160);
• Two articles among those presented during the course.

First semester
Timetable: Thursday, 4-6 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica); Friday, 1-4 pm (Aula 1 ex Italianistica)
Start date: October 3, 2024

Title of the class: Between Antiquity and Byzantium: Synesius of Cyrene, Neoplatonic Philosopher and Christian Bishop (“Eppure quale realtà è più reale in sé/ che nella sua trasformazione in altro – potrei quasi ripetere a memoria./ E non è altro, è la sua profondità medesima – anche questo non devo impararlo”, Mario Luzi)

The class shall deal with an emblematic figure of Late Antiquity: Synesius of Cyrene. After being a student of the pagan philosopher Hypatia at her school in Alexandria in the 390s, Synesius was consecrated bishop of Ptolemais by the intransigent patriarch Theophilus in 411 AD. With the exception of a few introductory lectures, each meeting shall be devoted to the analysis of a specific aspect of the author’s cultural legacy – which ranges from parenetics to literary criticism, from the philosophy of history to sacred poetry – with a particular focus on his work On Dreams.

MANDATORY TEXTS:
- Neil, B., “Synesius of Cyrene on Dreams as a Pathway to the Divine”, Phronema 30/2 (2015), pp. 19-36.
- Viltanioti, I.-F., “Synesius of Cyrene: Philosophy and Poetry ʻSharing the Same Templeʼ”, in Edwards, M. J. (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Early Christian Philosophy, Routledge, Abingdon-New York 2020, pp. 528-548.