Vectors and tensors
Vectors, tensors, differential operators, tensor of velocity gradient, tensor of deformation and tensor of rotation.

Governing equations for viscous and turbulent flows
Viscous flows and Navier-Stokes equations, turbulent flows and Reynolds equations.

Governing equations for rotating flows
Rotating framework of reference, Unimportance of the centrifugal force, Acceleration on a three-dimensional rotating planet, Equations of Fluid Motion (Mass budget , Momentum budget, Equation of state, Energy budget, Salt and moisture budgets) Boussinesq approximation, Scales of motion, Important dimensionless numbers, Boundary conditions.

Rotation effects
Geostrophic flows and vorticity dynamics, cyclonic and anticyclonic flows, the bottom Ekman layer and the surface Ekman layer.

Atmosphere and Ocean.
Atmosphere and atmospheric boundary layer, Stratification effects in the atmosphere, atmospheric general circulation, clouds, oceanic general circulation.

- A. Cenedese, 2006, Meccanica dei fluidi ambientale, Mc Graw-Hill.
- B. Cushman-Roisin, 1994, Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Prentice Hall.

Vectors and tensors
Vectors, tensors, differential operators, tensor of velocity gradient, tensor of deformation and tensor of rotation.

Governing equations for viscous and turbulent flows
Viscous flows and Navier-Stokes equations, turbulent flows and Reynolds equations.

Governing equations for rotating flows
Rotating framework of reference, Unimportance of the centrifugal force, Acceleration on a three-dimensional rotating planet, Equations of Fluid Motion (Mass budget , Momentum budget, Equation of state, Energy budget, Salt and moisture budgets) Boussinesq approximation, Scales of motion, Important dimensionless numbers, Boundary conditions.

Rotation effects
Geostrophic flows and vorticity dynamics, cyclonic and anticyclonic flows, the bottom Ekman layer and the surface Ekman layer.

Atmosphere and Ocean.
Atmosphere and atmospheric boundary layer, Stratification effects in the atmosphere, atmospheric general circulation, clouds, oceanic general circulation.

- A. Cenedese, 2006, Meccanica dei fluidi ambientale, Mc Graw-Hill.
- B. Cushman-Roisin, 1994, Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Prentice Hall.

The advection-diffusion equation. Fundamental solution in 1D, 2D and 3D unlimited and limited domains. Computational methods for solving the advection-diffusion equation. The turbulent diffusion. The Taylor theory. The Richardson theory. The turbulent advection-diffusion equation. Applications of the self-similar solution method to axissymmetric and 2D jets and to the mixing layer. Applications of the dimensional analysis to axissymmetric and 2D plumes and buoyant jets. Mixing in rivers: near, middle and far field. The transversal and longitudinal dispersion coefficient. The theory of Elder-Taylor and its extension to real rivers. Mixing of reactive pollutants in rivers. Natural and toxic substances. Non conventional models of mixing in rivers: the Transient Storage Model, the Advective Pumping Model, the Solute Transport In Rivers. Mixing of reactive pollutants in lakes and coastal waters.

Lecture Notes.

Mixing in inland and coastal waters - H. B. Fischer et al., 1979 Academic Press

Mixing and Transport Processes in the Environment - S. A. Socolofsky G. H. Jirka Coastal and Ocean Engineering Division, Texas AM University M.S. 3136
College Station, TX 77843-3136

Basic assumptions: fundamental aspects of two-phase system (solid-liquid), liquid dynamics, characterization of the solid phase, velocity fall, Solid discharge.
Sediment Transport: Beginning of motion, the Bedload and the Suspended load, valuation of the total load.
Forms of bed: Classification of bed forms, continuity equation, flow phenomenon and resistance to flow in mobile bed.
Local scour: Local erosions in mobile bed, obstruction, jets.
Debris Flow: Phenomenological aspects of Debris Flow, rheologic description, mathematical model

Link http://host.uniroma3.it/docenti/sciortino/

The advection-diffusion equation. Fundamental solution in 1D, 2D and 3D unlimited and limited domains. Computational methods for solving the advection-diffusion equation. The turbulent diffusion. The Taylor theory. The Richardson theory. The turbulent advection-diffusion equation. Applications of the self-similar solution method to axissymmetric and 2D jets and to the mixing layer. Applications of the dimensional analysis to axissymmetric and 2D plumes and buoyant jets. Mixing in rivers: near, middle and far field. The transversal and longitudinal dispersion coefficient. The theory of Elder-Taylor and its extension to real rivers. Mixing of reactive pollutants in rivers. Natural and toxic substances. Non conventional models of mixing in rivers: the Transient Storage Model, the Advective Pumping Model, the Solute Transport In Rivers. Mixing of reactive pollutants in lakes and coastal waters.

Lecture Notes.

Mixing in inland and coastal waters - H. B. Fischer et al., 1979 Academic Press

Mixing and Transport Processes in the Environment - S. A. Socolofsky G. H. Jirka Coastal and Ocean Engineering Division, Texas AM University M.S. 3136
College Station, TX 77843-3136

Basic assumptions: fundamental aspects of two-phase system (solid-liquid), liquid dynamics, characterization of the solid phase, velocity fall, Solid discharge.
Sediment Transport: Beginning of motion, the Bedload and the Suspended load, valuation of the total load.
Forms of bed: Classification of bed forms, continuity equation, flow phenomenon and resistance to flow in mobile bed.
Local scour: Local erosions in mobile bed, obstruction, jets.
Debris Flow: Phenomenological aspects of Debris Flow, rheologic description, mathematical model

Link http://host.uniroma3.it/docenti/sciortino/

1. Background
- Risk definition: Varnes formula and the fundamental concepts of risk: perception, prediction, mitigation and forecast
- Flood risk management: European Flood Directive 2007/60/CE and its implementation in the Italian national context through dl. 49/2010
- Example form the Tiber River Authority
- Methods for flood control: structural (river works) and nonstructural measures
- Damage assessment and reduction of the overall impact of flooding by structural and nonstructural mitigation measures

2. Hydrologic hazard
- Methods for design flood evaluation: (a) statistical (direct), (b) rainfall-runoff models (indirect) and (c) regional methods
a) Statistical analysis of extreme events: peak flow probability distribution function and flood volume estimation
b) Fundamental aspects of rainfall-runoff modeling, model calibration and the principle of parsimony
c) Rainfall Regionalization and derivation of synthetic rainfall events (IDF curves), VAPI project (Italy), flood regionalization, the index-flood method

3. Hydraulic hazard
- Basic aspects of hydrologic and hydraulic models for flood propagation
- Illustrative example and field of application of mono- and bi-dimensional models
- Bridge hydraulic problems

4. Mitigation strategies
- River structures for erosion and sediment control
- Passive mitigation strategies: levees and diversion canals
- Active mitigation strategies: flood attenuation systems, in-line and bank-side reservoir


Exercises:
#1: design flood simulation based on the statistical analysis of peak flow annual maxima and flood volume estimation (in Mathematica)
#2: design flood estimation based on synthetic rainfall events derived from regionalization studies and rainfall-runoff models, based on the geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (WFIUH) (in UDig/Mathematica)
#3: implementation in HEC-Ras of a mono-dimensional hydraulic model for flood propagation under both stationary and time-varying conditions; model and stage-discharge relationship calibration; design flood simulation to delineate the inundated areas
#4: hydraulic simulation of a bank-side reservoir for flood attenuation

1. Dispense di Protezione Idraulica del territorio del Prof. G. Calenda
2. Da Deppo L., C. Datei , P. Salandin , “Sistemazione dei corsi d’acqua”, Ed.Libreria Cortina, Padova, 2002
Further reading
1. Maione, U. e Moisello, U. Elementi di statistica per l’idrologia, Pavia, La Goliardica Pavese, marzo 1993, pp. 299
2. Kottegoda, N. and Rosso R. Applied statistics for civil and envoronmental engineers, Blackwell Publishing, 2008 (2nd edition), pp. 707
3. Rosso R., "Manuale di protezione Idraulica del Territorio". Milano - CUSL, 2002
4. Murachelli A. e Riboni V., “Rischio idraulico e difesa del territorio”. Palermo - Flaccovio, 2010

Development of the meteoceanographic study for the design of maritime structures, including the propagation of the waves in the nearshore and the evaluation of levels and currents.
Design of the maritime structures: breakwaters, quays and berths. General design of commercial/industrial harbours.
General design basis of offshore structures.

-LECTURE NOTES ("FONDAMENTI DI COSTRUZIONI MARITTIME", BY PROF. A. NOLI)
-CARL A. THORESEN, 2003. PORT DESIGNERS HANDBOOK. THOMAS TELFORD PUBLISHING (JANUARY 1, 2003), 576 PAGES.

1. Background
- Risk definition: Varnes formula and the fundamental concepts of risk: perception, prediction, mitigation and forecast
- Flood risk management: European Flood Directive 2007/60/CE and its implementation in the Italian national context through dl. 49/2010
- Example form the Tiber River Authority
- Methods for flood control: structural (river works) and nonstructural measures
- Damage assessment and reduction of the overall impact of flooding by structural and nonstructural mitigation measures

2. Hydrologic hazard
- Methods for design flood evaluation: (a) statistical (direct), (b) rainfall-runoff models (indirect) and (c) regional methods
a) Statistical analysis of extreme events: peak flow probability distribution function and flood volume estimation
b) Fundamental aspects of rainfall-runoff modeling, model calibration and the principle of parsimony
c) Rainfall Regionalization and derivation of synthetic rainfall events (IDF curves), VAPI project (Italy), flood regionalization, the index-flood method

3. Hydraulic hazard
- Basic aspects of hydrologic and hydraulic models for flood propagation
- Illustrative example and field of application of mono- and bi-dimensional models
- Bridge hydraulic problems

4. Mitigation strategies
- River structures for erosion and sediment control
- Passive mitigation strategies: levees and diversion canals
- Active mitigation strategies: flood attenuation systems, in-line and bank-side reservoir


Exercises:
#1: design flood simulation based on the statistical analysis of peak flow annual maxima and flood volume estimation (in Mathematica)
#2: design flood estimation based on synthetic rainfall events derived from regionalization studies and rainfall-runoff models, based on the geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (WFIUH) (in UDig/Mathematica)
#3: implementation in HEC-Ras of a mono-dimensional hydraulic model for flood propagation under both stationary and time-varying conditions; model and stage-discharge relationship calibration; design flood simulation to delineate the inundated areas
#4: hydraulic simulation of a bank-side reservoir for flood attenuation

1. Dispense di Protezione Idraulica del territorio del Prof. G. Calenda
2. Da Deppo L., C. Datei , P. Salandin , “Sistemazione dei corsi d’acqua”, Ed.Libreria Cortina, Padova, 2002
Further reading
1. Maione, U. e Moisello, U. Elementi di statistica per l’idrologia, Pavia, La Goliardica Pavese, marzo 1993, pp. 299
2. Kottegoda, N. and Rosso R. Applied statistics for civil and envoronmental engineers, Blackwell Publishing, 2008 (2nd edition), pp. 707
3. Rosso R., "Manuale di protezione Idraulica del Territorio". Milano - CUSL, 2002
4. Murachelli A. e Riboni V., “Rischio idraulico e difesa del territorio”. Palermo - Flaccovio, 2010

Development of the meteoceanographic study for the design of maritime structures, including the propagation of the waves in the nearshore and the evaluation of levels and currents.
Design of the maritime structures: breakwaters, quays and berths. General design of commercial/industrial harbours.
General design basis of offshore structures.

-LECTURE NOTES ("FONDAMENTI DI COSTRUZIONI MARITTIME", BY PROF. A. NOLI)
-CARL A. THORESEN, 2003. PORT DESIGNERS HANDBOOK. THOMAS TELFORD PUBLISHING (JANUARY 1, 2003), 576 PAGES.