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20810129 -
METERIALS SCIENCE AND TECNOLOGY
(objectives)
The aim of the class is to gain knowledge of the different levels of materials structures (atomic, crystalline, nanometric, microscopic and mesoscopic) and of the deviations from the structural perfection (defects). Knowledge of the effects of nano- and microstructure on mechanical properties of materials. Knowledge of the scientific basis for the development of micro and nanostructure. Knowledge of the relationships between nano- and microstructure, process, properties and performances of the different materials, with particular attention to metals: steels, cast irons, light alloys and high temperature alloys. The fundamental concepts needed to correlate the properties of materials to their nature, production and forming processes will be discussed, as well as notions on the classification and application problems.
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LANZARA GIULIA
( syllabus)
Introduction to the world of materials
- Historical references, evolution of materials, a look inside them and a nod to transformations
- Properties and performance of the components
Basic properties and elastic behavior
- Intrinsic properties
- Extrinsic properties
- Mechanical stress systems: rigid body, deformable body, mechanical continuum; linear elasticity, Hooke's law, elastic behavior of the isotropic solid
Composition and structure of matter at different dimensional scales - Composition: molecule, chemical bond; ionic materials, molecular materials - Thermodynamic origin of elasticity - Structures: amorphous and crystalline, Bravais lattices and Miller indexes - Defects in crystalline solids: point, line and surface lattices
Mechanical behavior of materials
- Influence of T and t on mechanical behavior as a function of the nature of the material
- Static tensile stresses at low T: stress-strain curve (elastic field, plastic field, critical points)
- Mechanical properties: ductility, hardness, fragility, resilience and toughness (property measurement techniques)
- Fracture mechanics: Griffith energy theory, stress intensification factor, fracture toughness
- Dynamic solicitations: fatigue, Wohler curve, Paris-Erdogan law
Mono and multi-phase systems
- Systems thermodynamics: Thermodynamics of condensed states, basic concepts, first principle, second principle, equilibrium conditions, non-equilibrium states, I and II together, characteristic state functions
- solid state solubility: cooling curves of one-component systems, aggregation state, Hume-Rothery rules, solid solutions, phase
- dependence of solubility on composition, temperature and pressure: Gibbs rule and leverage, Gibbs energy, Gibbs curves, phase equilibria in binary systems
- phase transformation in the solid state: diffusion mechanisms, activation energy and Fick laws
- solidification kinetics and microstructures: nucleation and growth, main thermodynamic transformations, microstructures
Introduction to the main classes of metallic materials
- Iron-based alloys: classification of steels and cast irons, main phase diagrams, classification of specific heat treatments
Introduction to the main classes of non-metallic materials
- Polymeric matrix polymers and composites: properties, processes, applications
- Concrete
- Wood
Laboratory activities and exercises
( reference books)
W.D. Callister, Scienza e Ingegneria dei Materiali
slides of the course in pdf format will be delivred to the students via moodle.
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9
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ING-IND/22
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72
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Core compulsory activities
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ITA |
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20810128-1 -
HEAT TRANSFER MODULE I
(objectives)
The course deals with the laws and methods which allow a quantitative evaluation of heat transfer processes (conduction, convection, radiation) between bodies and inside a body, as well as the temperature field variations these processes cause, with the objective of providing the knowledge necessary to design heat transfer devices.
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DE LIETO VOLLARO ROBERTO
( syllabus)
Thermodynamics
Fundamentals: physical quantities and units of measurement, closed and open systems, forms of energy, properties of a thermodynamic system, transformations and thermodynamic cycles, temperature and zero principle of thermodynamics, pressure.
The first law of thermodynamics: the concept of conservation of energy, closed and open systems, enthalpy, energy conservation for stationary flow systems.
Properties of substances: pure substances, heat capacity and specific heats, phases of a substance, phase changes of pure substances, state diagrams, equation of state for ideal gases, transformations.
The second law of thermodynamics: statements of the second law of thermodynamics, heat engines, refrigeration machines and heat pumps, reversible and irreversible transformations, Carnot cycle, entropy.
Thermodynamics of humid air: dry air and atmospheric air, absolute humidity and relative humidity, dew temperature, psychrometric diagram, air conditioning, transformations for air conditioning.
Heat transfer
Steady-state thermal conduction: Fourier postulate, analogy with electrical flow, thermal conductivity, one-dimensional conduction in simple geometries, multilayer flat walls, cylindrical geometries, critical insulation radius.
Forced and natural convection: introduction, dimensionless numbers, classification of fluid motion, limit layer of velocity and temperature, natural convection on surfaces.
Irradiation: introduction, thermal radiation, black body radiation, radiative properties, view factors, heat transmission by radiation between black and gray diffusing surfaces, radiation screens.
Applications: thermal transmittance and conductance of walls, critical insulation radius.
Heat exchangers.
Acoustics
Acoustic quantities: general information, sound pressure and sound pressure level, sound power and sound power level, sound intensity and sound intensity level, psychophysical acoustics, normal audiogram, weighting curves.
Free-field and indoor environment propagation: behavior of materials subjected to sound stresses, sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials, sound-insulating power, sound insulation, Sabine theory.
( reference books)
Educational material provided by the Professor
Books:
Yunus A. Çengel, Giuliano Dall'Ò, Luca Sarto, “Fisica tecnica ambientale. Con elementi di acustica e illuminotecnica”, McGraw-Hill Education
Yunus A. Çengel, “Termodinamica e trasmissione del calore”, McGraw-Hill Education
Fabio Polonara, Gianni Cesini, Gianni Latini, “Fisica tecnica”, CittàStudi (only for in-depth analysis)
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EVANGELISTI LUCA
( syllabus)
Thermodynamics
Fundamentals: physical quantities and units of measurement, closed and open systems, forms of energy, properties of a thermodynamic system, transformations and thermodynamic cycles, temperature and zero principle of thermodynamics, pressure.
The first law of thermodynamics: the concept of conservation of energy, closed and open systems, enthalpy, energy conservation for stationary flow systems.
Properties of substances: pure substances, heat capacity and specific heats, phases of a substance, phase changes of pure substances, state diagrams, equation of state for ideal gases, transformations.
The second law of thermodynamics: statements of the second law of thermodynamics, heat engines, refrigeration machines and heat pumps, reversible and irreversible transformations, Carnot cycle, entropy.
Thermodynamics of humid air: dry air and atmospheric air, absolute humidity and relative humidity, dew temperature, psychrometric diagram, air conditioning, transformations for air conditioning.
Heat transfer
Steady-state thermal conduction: Fourier postulate, analogy with electrical flow, thermal conductivity, one-dimensional conduction in simple geometries, multilayer flat walls, cylindrical geometries, critical insulation radius.
Forced and natural convection: introduction, dimensionless numbers, classification of fluid motion, limit layer of velocity and temperature, natural convection on surfaces.
Irradiation: introduction, thermal radiation, black body radiation, radiative properties, view factors, heat transmission by radiation between black and gray diffusing surfaces, radiation screens.
Applications: thermal transmittance and conductance of walls, critical insulation radius.
Heat exchangers.
Acoustics
Acoustic quantities: general information, sound pressure and sound pressure level, sound power and sound power level, sound intensity and sound intensity level, psychophysical acoustics, normal audiogram, weighting curves.
Free-field and indoor environment propagation: behavior of materials subjected to sound stresses, sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials, sound-insulating power, sound insulation, Sabine theory.
( reference books)
Educational material provided by the Professor
Books:
Yunus A. Çengel, Giuliano Dall'Ò, Luca Sarto, “Fisica tecnica ambientale. Con elementi di acustica e illuminotecnica”, McGraw-Hill Education
Yunus A. Çengel, “Termodinamica e trasmissione del calore”, McGraw-Hill Education
Fabio Polonara, Gianni Cesini, Gianni Latini, “Fisica tecnica”, CittàStudi (only for in-depth analysis)
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6
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ING-IND/11
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48
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Core compulsory activities
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ITA |
Università Roma Tre
