through a series of seminars and discussions on different aspects of biology, students would have a panoramic view on the methods used in biological researches as systematic, controlled, empirical and critical studies of natural phenomenon, from the formulation of a hypothesis up to the construction of an explanation. Setting of basic skills on the meaning of experimental results, learning methods and communication.
Introduzione al Corso e orientamento al Corso di Laurea in Scienze Biologiche
La scoperta del DNA
Scienza descrittiva e scienza sperimentale
Misura e incertezza
Origine della vita
Leggi di scala
Biologia della comunicazione
Una azienda nata dalla ricerca universitaria
DNA forense
Virus
Gli organi di senso
Dall’osservazione al modello
Luce e vita
Neuroni a specchio
Relazione forma e funzione nelle proteine
L’acqua nella biologia
Epistemologia
Excursus storico sulla genetica
La logica e la conoscenza scientifica
Le biotecnologie microbiche dalla preistoria ai giorni nostri
Relazione forma funzione negli organismi

Consultation of any book on general biology for high schools is recommended

Lecture notes will be provided

The professor receives every day from 8.00 to 9.00 by appointment via e-mail: giovanni.antonini@uniroma3.it

FUNCTIONS OF A REAL VARIABLE. LIMITS OF FUNCTIONS. KEY PROPERTIES OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS. DERIVATIVES. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS AND GRAPH OF A FUNCTION. LAGRANGE THEOREM. INDEFINITE INTEGRAL AND TECHNIQUES FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE MAIN INTEGRALS. FOUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF CALCULUS. ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS.

CALCOLO, P.MARCELLINI, C.SBORDONE. LIGUORI EDITORE.ESERCITAZIONI DI MATEMATICA., P.MARCELLINI, C.SBORDONE. LIGUORI EDITORE

FUNCTIONS OF A REAL VARIABLE. LIMITS OF FUNCTIONS. KEY PROPERTIES OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS. DERIVATIVES. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS AND GRAPH OF A FUNCTION. LAGRANGE THEOREM. INDEFINITE INTEGRAL AND TECHNIQUES FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE MAIN INTEGRALS. FOUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF CALCULUS. ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS.

ELEMENTI DI CALCOLO, MARCELLINI-SBORDONE. LIGUORI EDITORE.
ANALISI MATEMATICA I. ESERCIZI E RICHIAMI DI TEORIA, AMAR-BERSANI. LA DOTTA EDITORE

TOPICS CONSIDERED IN THE TEACHING SESSIONS (6CFU):- ATOMIC THEORY. ELETTRONS IN THE ATOMS, QUANTUM NUMBERS, ORBITALS AND THEIR FILLING. - ATOMIC STRUCTURE. ATOMS, MOLECULES, ATOMIC NUMBER, ATOMIC MASS AND MOLE. – PERIODIC SYSTEM, GENERAL PROPERTIES OF THE ELEMENTS. - THE CHIMICAL BOND. ELETTRONEGATIVITY, HYBRID ORBITALS, RESONANCE, HYDROGEN BOND. MOLECULES. MOLECULAR STRUCTURE. – CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE. OXIDES, IDROXIDES, ACIDS, SALTS. –THE GASEOUS STATE. EQUATION OF THE STATE. IDEAL AND REAL GAS.-THE CONDENSED STATES, BONDS IN THE SOLIDS. –FORMULAS EVALUATION. CHIMICAL REACTIONS, CHEMICAL EQUATIONS BALANCING AND STOICHIOMETRIC CALCULATION. REDOX, OXIDATION NUMBER AND CALCULATION. –BASICS OF THERMODYNAMIC, PRINCIPLES AND STATE FUNCTIONS.-STATE TRANSFORMATIONS AND STATE DIAGRAMS. –CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM. EQUILIBRUM CONSTANT. ACID-BASE AND PRECIPITATION EQUILIBRIUM. -SOLUTIONS. CONCENTRATION. WATER AUTOPROTOLISYS. COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES. ELETTROLITES SOLUTIONS. SOLUZIONS OF ACIDS AND BASE STRONG AND WEAK, PH. BUFFER SOLUTIONS. IDROLISYS. -ELETTROCHEMISTRY. PILES AND ELECTROLITIC CELLS. -KINETIC CHEMISTRY AND DETAILS ABOUT KINETIC THEORIES. SPEED OF REACTION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS. –SISTEMATIC INORGANIC CHEMISTRY. CHEMICAL BEHAVIOUR OF THE ELEMENTS, GROUPS AND PERIODS FEATURES. THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE PERIODIC TABLE. TRANSITIONS ELEMENTS AND COORDINATION COMPOUNDS.
CONSULTING HOURS: THURSDAY BETWEEN 15,00 AND 16,00 - WEDNESDAY BETWEEN 15,00 AND 16,00.

- A.M. MANOTTI LANFREDI. A. TIRIPICCHIO; "FONDAMENTI DI CHIMICA", CASA EDITRICE AMBROSIANA, MILANO;
- F. CACACE E M. SCHIAVELLO "STECHIOMETRIA" BULZONI EDITORE, ROMA;
- PER LE ESPERIENZE DI LABORATORIO:M. CONSIGLIO, V. FRENNA, S. ORECCHIO "IL LABORATORIO DI CHIMICA" EDISES;
- PP SLIDES OF THE THEORETICAL LESSONS (6CFU) ARE AVILABLE AT THE CISDiC CENTER WEB SITE UPON REQUEST OF THE ID AND PASSWORD KEYS TO THE TEACHER.

Teaching program
The course aims to provide the student with the basic knowledge (cultural skills) and the statistical, mathematical and computer tools (methodological skills) needed to:
- conduct an experiment,
- process, process and synthesize experimental data,
- assess the uncertainty and confidence intervals of the experimental results,
- evaluate the statistical parameters of a population starting from a sample (inference),
- quantitatively compare data and models through hypothesis rejection tests.

Detailed plan
1. Tools of a spreadsheet (EXCEL, CALC) for the synthesis and presentation of experimental data and statistical calculation.
a. table construction,
b. functions, functions in matrix form,
c. histograms and bar charts,
d. scatter charts.
2. Statistical summary:
to. the main statistical indexes for a set of data also in aggregate form,
b. frequency distributions for a data set,
c. frequency histograms,
d. present the relationship between quantities using scatter plots,
is. evaluate the linear relationship between quantities by evaluating the correlation and / or the parameters of the linear regression.
3. Calculation of probabilities:
to. definitions of probability of an event and symbolism for calculating probabilities,
b. dependent / independent, compatible / incompatible events
c. probability of events: and, or and conditional probabilities,
d. Bayes theorem,
is. model probability distributions (binomial, uniform, Gauss).
4. Evaluation of experimental uncertainties
to. the uncertainty of experimental quantities (data, histogram frequencies, etc.)
b. uncertainties on regression line parameters,
c. uncertainty about linear correlation
d. evaluate the measurement uncertainties on derived quantities
5. Statistical inference
to. Calculate and interpret the confidence intervals for: mean values, distributions, linear correlation, linear regression parameters,
b. hypothesis rejection test (Z, T, and chi ^ 2),
c. test chi ^ 2 for contingency tables or distributions,
d. Calculate a p-value for a hypothesis test,
is. Construct and / or correctly interpret a screening test (Bayes theorem)

M. C. WHITLOCK, D. SCHLUTER - ANALISI STATISTICA DEI DATI BIOLOGICI, ZANICHELLI.
Notes and exercises are available at the web site of the course:
https://sites.google.com/a/personale.uniroma3.it/meneghini-did/statistica

THE COURSE CONSISTS OF 2 PARTS: (1) CYTOLOGY AND (2) HISTOLOGY. TOPICS IN LESSONS: PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELL. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CELL MEMBRANE. PROTEIN SORTING AND VESICLE TRANSPORT. CELLULAR ORGANELLES: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. ENERGY PRODUCTION. THE CYTOSKELETON AND THE BASES OF CELL MOVEMENT. NUCLEUS AND GENETIC INFORMATION. CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS. EPITHELIAL TISSUE, CONNECTIVE TISSUE, BLOOD AND IMMUNE SYSTEM, BONE TISSUE, MUSCLE TISSUE. NERVOUS TISSUE. TOPICS IN PRACTICE: USE OF OPTICAL MICROSCOPE. OBSERVATION OF A FRESH CELLS. CELL STAINING. HISTOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS WITH OBSERVATION OF MAIN TISSUES

CYTOLOGY:
ALBERTS BRUCE ET AL. - L'ESSENZIALE DI BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE DELLA CELLULA – 2011, 3 ED. ZANICHELLI
COOPER GEOFFREY M.; HAUSMAN ROBERT E. - LA CELLULA. UN APPROCCIO MOLECOLARE 2009, 2 ED. PICCIN-NUOVA LIBRARIA; BIOLOGIA DELLA CELLULA – EDI-ERMES

HISTOLOGY
MONESI ET AL. ISTOLOGIA DI V. MONESI - 5 ED (RISTAMPA CORRETTA 2008) PICCIN EDITORE
ROSATI P., COLOMBO R., MARALDI N. – ISTOLOGIA – 2006, 5 ED., EDI. ERMES
ROSS - PAWLINA - BARNASH - ATLANTE DI ISTOLOGIA E ANATOMIA MICROSCOPICA – 2010, CASA EDITRICE AMBROSIANA (ATLAS)

THE COURSE CONSISTS OF 2 PARTS: (1) CYTOLOGY AND (2) HISTOLOGY. TOPICS IN LESSONS: PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELL. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CELL MEMBRANE. PROTEIN SORTING AND VESICLE TRANSPORT. CELLULAR ORGANELLES: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. ENERGY PRODUCTION. THE CYTOSKELETON AND THE BASES OF CELL MOVEMENT. NUCLEUS AND GENETIC INFORMATION. CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS. EPITHELIAL TISSUE, CONNECTIVE TISSUE, BLOOD AND IMMUNE SYSTEM, BONE TISSUE, MUSCLE TISSUE. NERVOUS TISSUE. TOPICS IN PRACTICE: USE OF OPTICAL MICROSCOPE. OBSERVATION OF A FRESH CELLS. CELL STAINING. HISTOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS WITH OBSERVATION OF MAIN TISSUES

CYTOLOGY:
ALBERTS BRUCE ET AL. - L'ESSENZIALE DI BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE DELLA CELLULA – 2011, 3 ED. ZANICHELLI
COOPER GEOFFREY M.; HAUSMAN ROBERT E. - LA CELLULA. UN APPROCCIO MOLECOLARE 2009, 2 ED. PICCIN-NUOVA LIBRARIA; BIOLOGIA DELLA CELLULA – EDI-ERMES

HISTOLOGY
MONESI ET AL. ISTOLOGIA DI V. MONESI - 5 ED (RISTAMPA CORRETTA 2008) PICCIN EDITORE
ROSATI P., COLOMBO R., MARALDI N. – ISTOLOGIA – 2006, 5 ED., EDI. ERMES
ROSS - PAWLINA - BARNASH - ATLANTE DI ISTOLOGIA E ANATOMIA MICROSCOPICA – 2010, CASA EDITRICE AMBROSIANA (ATLAS)

THE COURSE CONSISTS OF 2 PARTS: (1) CYTOLOGY AND (2) HISTOLOGY. TOPICS IN LESSONS: PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELL. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CELL. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF CELL MEMBRANE. PROTEIN SORTING AND VESICLE TRANSPORT. CELLULAR ORGANELLES: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. ENERGY PRODUCTION. THE CYTOSKELETON AND THE BASES OF CELL MOVEMENT. NUCLEUS AND GENETIC INFORMATION. CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS. EPITHELIAL TISSUE, CONNECTIVE TISSUE, BLOOD AND IMMUNE SYSTEM, BONE TISSUE, MUSCLE TISSUE. NERVOUS TISSUE. TOPICS IN PRACTICE: USE OF OPTICAL MICROSCOPE. OBSERVATION OF A FRESH CELLS. CELL STAINING. HISTOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS WITH OBSERVATION OF MAIN TISSUES

Cytology
Essential Cell Biology, Bruce Alberts, Karen Hopkin, Alexander D. Johnson, David Morgan, Martin Raff. Garland Science. Last edition
Histology
Junqueira's Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, Anthony Mescher. Lange. Last edition

Botany Laboratory. Exercises related to the program carried out in the classroom during the frontal lessons. In particular exercises will be carried out on the following topics: Cells - cellular organelles, Primary and secondary tissues, Organs (roots, stem, leaves), Flowers and Fruits, Recognition of the main groups of plant organisms (cyanobacteria, algae, lichens, mosses, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms), herbarium preparation procedures.

Protocols adopted during the practice exercises

The teacher receives Mon, Wed, Fri from 9.00 to 10.00 by appointment via email: simona.ceschin@uniroma3.it

BIODIVERSITY, SYSTEMATIC AND PLANT EVOLUTION. THE PLANTS:THE EVOLUTION OF THIS IDEA. METHODS OF PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS THE CLASSIFICATION. THE PLANT DIVERSITY IN AN EVOUTIVE KEW: PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACTERIA ( CYANOBACTERIA). FUNGI. LICHENS. ALGAE. BRYOPHYTE. VASCULAR PLANTS: PTERYDOPHYTE; GYMNOSPERMS; ANGIOSPERMS, WITH SOME EXAMPLES AOF THE MAIN FAMILIES Ìthe ONTOGENETIC CYCLE AND ITS EVOLUTION, FROM ALGAE TO FANEROGAMS.

RAVEN, EVERT, EICHHORN- BIOLOGIA DELLE PIANTE- ED. ZANICHELLI, VI ED. 2002.

PASQUA. ABBATE, FORNI- BOTANICA GENERALE E DIVERSITÀ VEGETALE- ED. PICCIN, PADOVA. I ED. 2008.


The teacher receives Mon, Wed, Fri from 9.00 to 10.00 by appointment via email: simona.ceschin@uniroma3.it

PLANT CITOLOGY. THE PLANT CELLS; ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORIES. VACUOLES; MICROCORPS, ENDOPLASMATIC RETICULE, GOLGI CORPS, SECRETORY STRUCTURES.CELLULAR WALL, PLASMODESMS. PLASTIDS. CELL DIFFERENTIATION. PLANT ANATOMY. MERISTEMS AND TOTIPOTENCE OF PLANT CELLS; VEGETATIVE CELLS. FINALTESSUES; PARENCHIMS, TEGUMENTAL, MECHANIC, VASCULAR, SECRETORY TISSUES. THE CORM- ANATOMY AND ORGANOGRAPHY OF: ROOTS, STEM, LEAVES AND THEIR MODIFICATIONS. THE FLOWER, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION. IMPOLLINATION, FECONDATION, EMBRIOGENESYS. SEEDS AND FRUITS. VEGETATIVE AND SEXUAL RIPRODUCTION.
THE STRUCTURE OF VASCULAR PLANTS. MERISTEMS AND FINAL TISSUES. THE EVOLUTION OF THE CORM: PRIMARY AND SECONDARY GROWTH. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STRUCTURES IN ROOTS AND STEMS. DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF THE LEAF. GENESYS AND EVOLUTION OF THE FLOWER AND OF THE FRUIT.
PREPARATION AND OBSERVATION OF HISTOLOGICAL SLIDES. MORFOLOGIICAL ANALYSIS, IDENTIFICATION OF PLANTS AND OF VEGETAL ORGANISMS. THE CLASSIFICATION OF VASCULAR PLANTS. THE CONSTRUCTION OF A HERBARIUM COLLECTION. INTRODUCTION TO THE PLANT ECOLOGY WITH FIELD EXCURSION TO OBSERVE THE PLANT BIODIVERSITY.

RAVEN, EVERT, EICHHORN- BIOLOGIA DELLE PIANTE- ED. ZANICHELLI, VI ED. 2002.

PASQUA. ABBATE, FORNI- BOTANICA GENERALE E DIVERSITÀ VEGETALE- ED. PICCIN, PADOVA. I ED. 2008

Teaching program
The course aims to provide the student with the basic knowledge (cultural skills) and the statistical, mathematical and computer tools (methodological skills) needed to:
- conduct an experiment,
- process, process and synthesize experimental data,
- assess the uncertainty and confidence intervals of the experimental results,
- evaluate the statistical parameters of a population starting from a sample (inference),
- quantitatively compare data and models through hypothesis rejection tests.

Detailed plan
1. Tools of a spreadsheet (EXCEL, CALC) for the synthesis and presentation of experimental data and statistical calculation.
a. table construction,
b. functions, functions in matrix form,
c. histograms and bar charts,
d. scatter charts.
2. Statistical summary:
to. the main statistical indexes for a set of data also in aggregate form,
b. frequency distributions for a data set,
c. frequency histograms,
d. present the relationship between quantities using scatter plots,
is. evaluate the linear relationship between quantities by evaluating the correlation and / or the parameters of the linear regression.
3. Calculation of probabilities:
to. definitions of probability of an event and symbolism for calculating probabilities,
b. dependent / independent, compatible / incompatible events
c. probability of events: and, or and conditional probabilities,
d. Bayes theorem,
is. model probability distributions (binomial, uniform, Gauss).
4. Evaluation of experimental uncertainties
to. the uncertainty of experimental quantities (data, histogram frequencies, etc.)
b. uncertainties on regression line parameters,
c. uncertainty about linear correlation
d. evaluate the measurement uncertainties on derived quantities
5. Statistical inference
to. Calculate and interpret the confidence intervals for: mean values, distributions, linear correlation, linear regression parameters,
b. hypothesis rejection test (Z, T, and chi ^ 2),
c. test chi ^ 2 for contingency tables or distributions,
d. Calculate a p-value for a hypothesis test,
is. Construct and / or correctly interpret a screening test (Bayes theorem)

M. C. WHITLOCK, D. SCHLUTER - ANALISI STATISTICA DEI DATI BIOLOGICI, ZANICHELLI.
Notes and exercises are available at the web site of the course:
https://sites.google.com/a/personale.uniroma3.it/meneghini-did/statistica

Teaching program
The course aims to provide the student with the basic knowledge (cultural skills) and the statistical, mathematical and computer tools (methodological skills) needed to:
- conduct an experiment,
- process, process and synthesize experimental data,
- assess the uncertainty and confidence intervals of the experimental results,
- evaluate the statistical parameters of a population starting from a sample (inference),
- quantitatively compare data and models through hypothesis rejection tests.

Detailed plan
1. Tools of a spreadsheet (EXCEL, CALC) for the synthesis and presentation of experimental data and statistical calculation.
a. table construction,
b. functions, functions in matrix form,
c. histograms and bar charts,
d. scatter charts.
2. Statistical summary:
to. the main statistical indexes for a set of data also in aggregate form,
b. frequency distributions for a data set,
c. frequency histograms,
d. present the relationship between quantities using scatter plots,
is. evaluate the linear relationship between quantities by evaluating the correlation and / or the parameters of the linear regression.
3. Calculation of probabilities:
to. definitions of probability of an event and symbolism for calculating probabilities,
b. dependent / independent, compatible / incompatible events
c. probability of events: and, or and conditional probabilities,
d. Bayes theorem,
is. model probability distributions (binomial, uniform, Gauss).
4. Evaluation of experimental uncertainties
to. the uncertainty of experimental quantities (data, histogram frequencies, etc.)
b. uncertainties on regression line parameters,
c. uncertainty about linear correlation
d. evaluate the measurement uncertainties on derived quantities
5. Statistical inference
to. Calculate and interpret the confidence intervals for: mean values, distributions, linear correlation, linear regression parameters,
b. hypothesis rejection test (Z, T, and chi ^ 2),
c. test chi ^ 2 for contingency tables or distributions,
d. Calculate a p-value for a hypothesis test,
is. Construct and / or correctly interpret a screening test (Bayes theorem)

M. C. WHITLOCK, D. SCHLUTER - ANALISI STATISTICA DEI DATI BIOLOGICI, ZANICHELLI.
Notes and exercises are available at the web site of the course:
https://sites.google.com/a/personale.uniroma3.it/meneghini-did/statistica

1) determination of the molar concentration of a KMnO4 solution through quantitative redox reaction with H2C2O4; 2) determination of the molar concentration of a NaOH solution through quantitative reaction with H2C2O4; 3) UV-visible spectroscopic determination of Fe(II) aqueous solution molar concentration; 4) buffers at acid pH: preparation and pH measurements through instrumental methods.

SLIDES SUMMARISING THE DESCRIPTION OF LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS CAN BE FOUND ON THE COURSE WEBSITE.

VOLUMETRIC CHEMICAL ANALISYS: ACID-BASE TITRATION; INDICATORS; REDOX TITRATION. POTENTIOMETRIC METHODS: THE PH-METER. ANALISYS BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS: UV-VISIBILE SPECTROSCOPY, THE SPECTROPHOTOMETER, ABSORPTION SPECTRA, LAMBERT-BEER LAW. PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES IN THE LABORATORY CONCERNING THE TOPICS OF THE TEACHING PROGRAM.
TOPIC CONSIDERED FOR THE LABORATORY EXPERIENCES (3 CFU):THE CHEMICAL LABORATORY: TOOLS AND MATERIALS. BEHAVIOUR REGULATIONS AND SECURITY. MEASUREMENTS, MEASUREMENT ERRORS. QUANTITATIVE VOLUMETRIC METHODS :ACID-BASE AND REDOX TITRATIONS. PREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS OF PRECISE CONCENTRATION; STANDARD MATERIALS. INDICATORS AND TITRATION CURVES. ANALISYS BY POTENTIOMETRIC AND SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS. THE FOLLOWING TOPICS WILL BE CARRIED ON: ACID-BASE TITRATION. REDOX TITRATIONS. POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATIONS. SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF FE2+.

LAB. EXPERIENCES BOOKLET ARE AVAILABLE ON REQUEST TO THE TEACHER.

Part 1: STRUCTURAL THEORY. ISOMERS AND STEREOISOMERS. RESONANCE AND ELECTRONIC EFFECTS. FUNCTIONAL GROUPS: STRUCTURE, NOMENCLATURE (IUPAC AND COMMON NAMES) AND CHEMICAL-PHYSIC PROPERTIES FOR ALKANES, CYCLOALKANES, ALKENES, ALKYNES, ARENES, HALIDES, ALCOHOLS, THIOLS, ETHERS, SULFIDES, AMINES, ALDEHYDES, KETONES, ACETALS, IMINES, PHENOLS, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, ESTERS, LACTONES, AMIDES, IMIDES AND NITRILES. HOMO- AND HETERO-AROMATIC COMPOUNDS. MAIN REACTION MECHANISMS: RADICAL SUBSTITUTION AND ADDITION, ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION; POLYMERIZATION; NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION (SN1, SN2) AND ELIMINATION (E1, E2) AT SP3 CARBON; AROMATIC ELECTROPHILIC SUBSTITUTION; NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION AND SUBSTITUTION AT CARBONYL CARBON. SYNTHESIS AND REACTIVITY OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN VIEW OF REACTION MECHANISMS. ENOLATES AND THEIR INTER-, INTRA-MOLECULAR AND CROSS CONDENSATIONS. DI- AND POLY-FUNCTIONAL MOLECULES: ACETACETIC AND MALONIC SYNTHESIS, HYDROXYACIDS, ENONIC SYSTEMS

Part 2: INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY. PURIFICATION AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES: CRYSTALLIZZATION, EXTRACTION, DISTILLATION AND CHROMATOGRAPHY (ADSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, IONIC EXCHANGE, AFFINITY); MENTION OF HPLC, GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY. PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES IN THE LABORATORY: POLARIMETRY, MALEIC TO FUMARIC ACID ISOMERIZATION, SEPARATIONS BY EXTRACTION, NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION, TLC AND COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY, ESTERIFICATION.

SEYHAN EGE "CHIMICA ORGANICA ESSENZIALE", THIRD ITALIAN EDITION, IDELSON-GNOCCHI, NAPOLI. ADDITIONAL SLIDES CAN BE DOWNLOADED (PASSWORD REQUIRED) FROM WEB SITE: HTTP://HOST.UNIROMA3.IT/CENTRI/CISDIC/INDEX.HTM
SLIDES, PROTOCOLS FOR PRACTICAL CLASS AND QUESTIONNAIRES CAN BE DOWNLOADED (PASSWORD REQUIRED) FROM WEB SITE: HTTP://HOST.UNIROMA3.IT/CENTRI/CISDIC/INDEX.HTM

Part 1: structural theory. isomers and stereoisomers. resonance and electronic effects. functional groups: structure, nomenclature (IUPAC and common names) and chemical-physic properties for alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, alkynes, arenes, halides, alcohols, thiols, ethers, sulfides, amines, aldehydes, ketones, acetals, imines, phenols, carboxylic acids, esters, lactones, amides, imides and nitriles. homo- and hetero-aromatic compounds. main reaction mechanisms: radical substitution and addition, electrophilic addition; polymerization; nucleophilic substitution (SN1, SN2) and elimination (E1, E2) at sp3 carbon; aromatic electrophilic substitution; nucleophilic addition and substitution at carbonyl carbon. synthesis and reactivity of functional groups in view of reaction mechanisms. enolates and their inter-, intra-molecular and cross condensations. di- and poly-functional molecules: acetoacetic and malonic synthesis, hydroxy acids, enonic systems

Part 2: an introduction to organic chemistry laboratory. purification and separation techniques: crystallization, extraction, distillation and chromatography (adsorption, distribution, ionic exchange, affinity); mention of HPLC gas-chromatography. practical experiences in the laboratory: polarimetry, maleic to fumaric acid isomerization, separations by extraction, nucleophilic substitution, TLC and column chromatography, esterification.

T.W. Graham Solomons; Craig B. Fryhle in “Organic Chemistry”, 10th Edition, Wiley.
John McMurry in “Chimica Organica”, Piccin-Nuova Libreria
Bruno Botta in “Chimica Organica” Edi-ermes

Lecture notes and bibliographical references will be provided


The teacher receives Tuesday from 17.00 to 19.00 by appointment via e-mail: tecla.gasperi@uniroma3.it

Part 1:STRUCTURAL THEORY. ISOMERS AND STEREOISOMERS. RESONANCE AND ELECTRONIC EFFECTS. FUNCTIONAL GROUPS: STRUCTURE, NOMENCLATURE (IUPAC AND COMMON NAMES) AND CHEMICAL-PHYSIC PROPERTIES FOR ALKANES, CYCLOALKANES, ALKENES, ALKYNES, ARENES, HALIDES, ALCOHOLS, THIOLS, ETHERS, SULFIDES, AMINES, ALDEHYDES, KETONES, ACETALS, IMINES, PHENOLS, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, ESTERS, LACTONES, AMIDES, IMIDES AND NITRILES. HOMO- AND HETERO-AROMATIC COMPOUNDS. MAIN REACTION MECHANISMS: RADICAL SUBSTITUTION AND ADDITION, ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION; POLYMERIZATION; NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION (SN1, SN2) AND ELIMINATION (E1, E2) AT SP3 CARBON; AROMATIC ELECTROPHILIC SUBSTITUTION; NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION AND SUBSTITUTION AT CARBONYL CARBON. SYNTHESIS AND REACTIVITY OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN VIEW OF REACTION MECHANISMS. ENOLATES AND THEIR INTER-, INTRA-MOLECULAR AND CROSS CONDENSATIONS. DI- AND POLY-FUNCTIONAL MOLECULES: ACETACETIC AND MALONIC SYNTHESIS, HYDROXYACIDS, ENONIC SYSTEMS

Part 2: INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY. PURIFICATION AND SEPARATION TECHNIQUES: CRYSTALLIZZATION, EXTRACTION, DISTILLATION AND CHROMATOGRAPHY (ADSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, IONIC EXCHANGE, AFFINITY); MENTION OF HPLC, GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY. PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES IN THE LABORATORY: POLARIMETRY, MALEIC TO FUMARIC ACID ISOMERIZATION, SEPARATIONS BY EXTRACTION, NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION, TLC AND COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY, ESTERIFICATION.

SEYHAN EGE "CHIMICA ORGANICA ESSENZIALE", THIRD ITALIAN EDITION, IDELSON-GNOCCHI, NAPOLI. ADDITIONAL SLIDES CAN BE DOWNLOADED (PASSWORD REQUIRED) FROM WEB SITE: HTTP://HOST.UNIROMA3.IT/CENTRI/CISDIC/INDEX.HTM

SLIDES, PROTOCOLS FOR PRACTICAL CLASS AND QUESTIONNAIRES CAN BE DOWNLOADED (PASSWORD REQUIRED) FROM WEB SITE: HTTP://HOST.UNIROMA3.IT/CENTRI/CISDIC/INDEX.HTM

Practical work in the lab, with dedicated slides on mitoses; Genetics association and genetic map of 3 genes

No textbooks required

Basic knowledges on the Genetics of eucaryotes and procariotes.
Knowledges on the methodology used in genetics, experimental model and experimental design.

GENE MAPPING IN BACTERIA AND BACTERIOPHAGES; BENZER’S EXPERIMENTS; COMPLEMENTATION; TRANSLATION; THE GENETIC CODE; GENE FUNCTION; REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN BACTERIA; DNA MUTATIONS; VARIATIONS IN CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE AND NUMBER;QUANTITATIVE GENETICS; POPULATION GENETICS: THE HARDY WEINNBERG LAW; FORCES THAT CHANGE GENE FREQUENCIES IN POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION

- P.J. RUSSEL GENETICA: UN APPROCCIO MOLECOLARE (PEARSONS )
- R.J. BROOKER. GENETICA, ANALISI E PRINCIPI. ( ZANICHELLI )
- D.P.SNUSTAD,M.J.SIMMONS PRINCIPI DI GENETICA

Students are received as reported in Mod 1

Basic knowledges on the Genetics of eucaryotes and procariotes.
Knowledges on the methodology used in genetics, experimental model and experimental design.

DNA AS GENETIC MATERIAL; SEMICONSERVATIVE DNA REPLICATION IN PROKARYOTES (MESELSON AND STAHL EXPERIMENT) AND EUKARYOTES (TAYLOR’S EXPERIMENT); MENDELIAN GENETICS; GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE;PRINCIPLES OF SEGREGATION AND INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT; DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE TRAITS; CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE; MEIOSIS AND MENDELIAN PRINCIPLES; SEX CHROMOSOME AND SEX DETERMINATION; EXTENTIONS OF AND DEVIATIONS FROM MENDELIAN GENETIC PRINCIPLES; MULTIPLE ALLELES; MODIFICATIONS OF DOMINANCE RELATIONSHIP; RICOMBINATION; GENETIC MAPPING IN EUKARYOTES;

- P.J. RUSSEL GENETICA: UN APPROCCIO MOLECOLARE (PEARSONS )
- R.J. BROOKER. GENETICA, ANALISI E PRINCIPI. ( ZANICHELLI )
- D.P.SNUSTAD,M.J.SIMMONS PRINCIPI DI GENETICA

Students are received on fridays at 14.00-16.00

BASIC AND APPLIED ZOOLOGY. EVOLUTION AND EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES. STRUCTURAL LEVELS OF THE ANIMAL DIVERSITY. POPULATION AND SPECIES; PHENETIC, GENETIC AND GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION; NATURAL SELECTION AND EVOLUTION; MICRO- AND MACROEVOLUTION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION. ANAGENESIS AND CLADOGENESIS; “CLASSIC” EVOLUTION MODEL AND PUNCTUATED EQULIBRIUM THEORY. ADAPTATION AS RESULT OF EVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES; ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES IN MARINE, FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL HABITATS; CRYPTIC COLOURATION AND CAMOUFLAGE; APOSEMATISM AND MIMICRY; ADAPTIVE RADIATION. MORPHOLOGY AD ADAPTATION OF THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS: FEEDING, RESPIRATION, LOCOMOTION AND DISPERSAL. ADAPTIVE CONVERGENCE, HOMOLOGY AND ANALOGY. SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION; FERTILIZATION; POSTEMBRIONIC DEVELOPMENT; DEVELOPMENTAL CYCLES. PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY: AUTOECOLOGY: ECOLOGICAL NICHE; SYNECOLOGY: STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF ANIMAL COMMUNITIES; INTERSPECIFIC (COMPETITION, PREDATION, PARASITISM) AND INTRASPECIFIC RELATIONSHIPS. DYNAMICS OF ANIMAL POPULATIONS. ANIMAL COLONIES AND SOCIETIES. PRINCIPLES OF ETHOLOGY: INNATE AND LEARNED BEHAVIOUR, ANIMAL COMMUNICATION, SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR, PARENTAL BEHAVIOUR; HOME RANGE AND TERRITORIALITY, ORIENTATION BEHAVIOUR. PRINCIPLES OF ZOOGEOGRAPHY: HISTORICAL AND DYNAMIC CAUSES OF ANIMAL DISTRIBUTION; SPECIES RANGE; DISPERSION AND DISPERSAL, BARRIERS AND COLONIZATION. ANIMAL PHYLOGENY: METHODS AND RULES OF TAXONOMY AND SYSTEMATICS. CRITICAL ISSUES IN METAZOAN PHYLOGENY. OVERRVIEW ON BAUPLAN, FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND BIOLOGY OF THE MAIN PROTOZOAN AND METAZOAN TAXA.

ANY UPDATED BOOK OF ZOOLOGY CAN POTENTIALLY BE USED, IF PREVIOUSLY AGREED WITH TEACHER. A VALID TEXTBOOK CAN BE THE FOLLOWING: GEAR R. ET AL. ZOOLOGY , VOL . 1: EVOLUTION AND ADAPTATION; VOL . 2: DIVERSITY ' ANIMAL ). MONDUZZI ED.
ANOTHER ADVICE: HICKMAN ET AL. ZOOLOGY. McGraw-Hill Education ED.

The power point files may be downloaded from the website: https://www.scienze.uniroma3.it/courses/2/details/2018/didactic_activities/1677
The professor receives every day from 15:00 to 18:30 by appointment via email: marcoalberto.bologna@uniroma3.it

DEEPENING OF MAIN MORPHOLOGIC AND ECOLOGIC TRAITS (MODULE 1) AT CLASS LEVEL OR AT ORDER LEVEL FOR ARTHROPODA): PROTOZOA; PORIFERA AND NOTES ON PLACOZOA AND MESOZOA; CNIDARIA; CTENOPHORA; PLATHYELMINTHES; NEMERTEA; MOLLUSCA; ANELLIDA; NOTES ON MINOR TAXA OF “ASCHELMINTES”; ONYCOPHORA AND RELATED TAXA; NEMATODA; NEMATOMORPHA; ARTHROPODA; LOPHOPHORATA; ECHINODERMATA; CHORDATA.

ANY UPDATED BOOK OF ZOOLOGY CAN POTENTIALLY BE USED, IF PREVIOUSLY AGREED WITH TEACHER. A VALID TEXTBOOK CAN BE THE FOLLOWING: GEAR R. ET AL. ZOOLOGY , VOL . 1: EVOLUTION AND ADAPTATION; VOL . 2: DIVERSITY ' ANIMAL ). MONDUZZI ED.
ANOTHER ADVICE: HICKMAN ET AL. ZOOLOGY. McGraw-Hill Education ED.
The power point files may be downloaded from the website: https://www.scienze.uniroma3.it/courses/2/details/2018/didactic_activities/1677
The professor receives every day from 15:00 to 18:30 by appointment via email: marcoalberto.bologna@uniroma3.it

THE THIRD PART OF THE COURSE (SYSTEMATICS) INCLUDES UNTIL SIX LABORATORY PRACTICES. EVENTUALLY, ONE DAILY FIELD EXPERIENCE WILL BE CARRIED OUT AT THE END OF THE COURSE. LAB PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES CONCERN THE EXAMINATION OF SLIDES AND PRESERVED SPECIMENS OF ALL STUDIED TAXONOMIC GROUPS, AND POSSIBLY ANATOMICAL DISSECTIONS OF DEAD SPECIMENS. THE FIELD EXPERIENCE IS AIMED TO SHOW SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ECOLOGICAL ASSEMBLAGES USING TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES (ESPECIALLY BIRDS) AS MODEL.

IT’S RECOMMENDED FOR EXERCISES: SABELLI, 2009. ATLANTE DI DIVERSITA’ E MORFOLOGIA DEGLI INVERTEBRATI, PICCIN ED. (IN THIS TEXT ARE EXCLUDED PROTOZOA, PRESENT IN THE PREVIOUS EDITIONS THAT YOU CAN FOUND IN LIBRARY)

The power point files may be downloaded from the website: https://www.scienze.uniroma3.it/courses/2/details/2018/didactic_activities/1677
The professor receives every day from 15:00 to 18:30 by appointment via email: marcoalberto.bologna@uniroma3.it

The main objective of the course is to provide the basic knowledge of developmental biology, in an evolutionary key.

Upon completion of this course the students acquire:
A) knowledge of the comparative method for studying animal development
B) an understanding of the basic embryological terminology, as it relates to formation of the functional systems of animal body.
C) advanced ability to observe and describe developmental stages, from gametogenesis to organogenesis, and their mechanics.
D) basic knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying developmental processes, as morphogenesis and differentiation.
E) competence to recognize embryonic structures of vertebrates and invertebrates, at the macroscopic and microscopic level.

From a single cell to a multicellular organism: differentiation and morphogenesis. Models in developmental biology. Sexual reproduction. Gametogenesis. Structural differences between egg and sperm cell. Fertilization: recognition and interaction of gametes. Sperm activation. Gamete fusion. Egg activation. Prevention of polispermy. Partenogenesis. Overview on the different developmental stages: cleavage, gastrulation, organogenesis. Egg types and respective cleavage patterns. Protostomes e deuterostomes. First stages of development of drosophila melanogaster, caenorhabditis elegans, paracentrotus lividus. Development of tunicates and cephalochordates. Development of the amphyoxus: radial cleavage, cellular mechanisms of gastrulation. Early organogenesis: neurulation. Amphibian development. Radial cleavage: macromeres e micromeres. Gastrulation: role of the gray crescent. First stages of organogenesis: primary and secondary neurulation. Fish development: discoidal segmentation. Gastrulation and first stages of organogenesis. Development in birds. Discoidal cleavage: epiblast and hypoblast. Gastrulation: primitive streak and hensen’s node. Neurulation and fate of neural crests. Formation of encephalic vescicles. Mesoderm and fate of its regions. Somatopleure and splanchnopleure. The coelom. Extraembryonic membranes: amnion, chorion, allantois and vitelline envelope. Mammalian development. Rotational cleavage. The blastocyst: trophoblast and inner cell mass. Epiblast and amniogenesis. Gastrulation: the primitive streak and node.placental types and their evolution. Neurulation and early differentiation of the neural tube. Examples of organogenetic processes. Development of the urogenital tract. Limb development in tetrapods. Regeneration. Embryonic and adult stem cells: general properties and features. Plant development: principal ontogenetic stages and regeneration of missing parts.

Suggested textbooks:
Giudice et al.: “Biologia dello Sviluppo”, Edises
Franquinet, Foucrier: “Atlante di Embriologia Descrittiva”, Edises
Gilbert: "Developmental Biology", 11th Edition, Sinauer Associates, Oxford University Press, 2017

The main objective of the course is to provide the basic knowledge of developmental biology, in an evolutionary key.

Upon completion of this course the students acquire:
A) knowledge of the comparative method for studying animal development
B) an understanding of the basic embryological terminology, as it relates to formation of the functional systems of animal body.
C) advanced ability to observe and describe developmental stages, from gametogenesis to organogenesis, and their mechanics.
D) basic knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying developmental processes, as morphogenesis and differentiation.
E) competence to recognize embryonic structures of vertebrates and invertebrates, at the macroscopic and microscopic level.

From a single cell to a multicellular organism: differentiation and morphogenesis. Models in developmental biology. Sexual reproduction. Gametogenesis. Structural differences between egg and sperm cell. Fertilization: recognition and interaction of gametes. Sperm activation. Gamete fusion. Egg activation. Prevention of polispermy. Partenogenesis. Overview on the different developmental stages: cleavage, gastrulation, organogenesis. Egg types and respective cleavage patterns. Protostomes e deuterostomes. First stages of development of drosophila melanogaster, caenorhabditis elegans, paracentrotus lividus. Development of tunicates and cephalochordates. Development of the amphyoxus: radial cleavage, cellular mechanisms of gastrulation. Early organogenesis: neurulation. Amphibian development. Radial cleavage: macromeres e micromeres. Gastrulation: role of the gray crescent. First stages of organogenesis: primary and secondary neurulation. Fish development: discoidal segmentation. Gastrulation and first stages of organogenesis. Development in birds. Discoidal cleavage: epiblast and hypoblast. Gastrulation: primitive streak and hensen’s node. Neurulation and fate of neural crests. Formation of encephalic vescicles. Mesoderm and fate of its regions. Somatopleure and splanchnopleure. The coelom. Extraembryonic membranes: amnion, chorion, allantois and vitelline envelope. Mammalian development. Rotational cleavage. The blastocyst: trophoblast and inner cell mass. Epiblast and amniogenesis. Gastrulation: the primitive streak and node.placental types and their evolution. Neurulation and early differentiation of the neural tube. Examples of organogenetic processes. Development of the urogenital tract. Limb development in tetrapods. Regeneration. Embryonic and adult stem cells: general properties and features. Plant development: principal ontogenetic stages and regeneration of missing parts.

Suggested textbooks:
Giudice et al.: “Biologia dello Sviluppo”, Edises
Franquinet, Foucrier: “Atlante di Embriologia Descrittiva”, Edises
Gilbert: "Developmental Biology", 11th Edition, Sinauer Associates, Oxford University Press, 2017

THE PROGRAM CONSISTS IN THE STUDY OF THE MAIN CYCLES AND METABOLIC PATHWAYS OF LIPID AND PROTEIN.

RECEPTION: MONDAY, FROM 10 TO 11 AM.

MCKEE, BIOCHIMICA, MCGRAW - HILL
NELSON, COX, I PRINCIPI DI BIOCHIMICA DI LEHININGER, ZANICHELLI
VOET, VOET, PRATT, FONDAMENTI DI BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI
STRYER, BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI
RAWN, BIOCHIMICA MCGRAW-HILL
MORAN ET AL., BIOCHIMICA MCGRAW-HILL
GARRET, GRISHAM, BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI

THE PROGRAM CONSISTS IN THE STUDY OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE: AMINOACIDS, PRIMARY, SECONDARY, TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY; MACROMOLECULAR MODELS: MYOGLOBIN AND HEMOGLOBIN

RECEPTION: MONDAY, FROM 10 TO 11 AM.

MCKEE, BIOCHIMICA, MCGRAW - HILL
NELSON, COX, I PRINCIPI DI BIOCHIMICA DI LEHININGER, ZANICHELLI
VOET, VOET, PRATT, FONDAMENTI DI BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI
STRYER, BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI
RAWN, BIOCHIMICA MCGRAW-HILL
MORAN ET AL., BIOCHIMICA MCGRAW-HILL
GARRET, GRISHAM, BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI

THE PROGRAM CONSISTS IN THE STUDY STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF THE ENZYMES. FROM THE MICHAELIS-MENTEN EQUATION TO THE PRE-STEADY-STATE AND THE INHIBITION MECHANISMS.

RECEPTION: MONDAY, FROM 10 TO 11 AM.

MCKEE, BIOCHIMICA, MCGRAW - HILL
NELSON, COX, I PRINCIPI DI BIOCHIMICA DI LEHININGER, ZANICHELLI
VOET, VOET, PRATT, FONDAMENTI DI BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI
STRYER, BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI
RAWN, BIOCHIMICA MCGRAW-HILL
MORAN ET AL., BIOCHIMICA MCGRAW-HILL
GARRET, GRISHAM, BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI

The practice module of the course of Biochemistry includes three laboratory experiences, each lasting 2 hours. The topics of the experiences are:
1. Separation of blood in its cellular and plasma component. Fractionation of blood proteins by saline and ethanol precipitation.
2. Quantification of plasma proteins by the Bradford method. Preparation of samples to be loaded on SDS-PAGE. Loading on polyacrylamide gel of fractionated proteins.
3. Characterization of the enzymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase.

MCKEE, BIOCHIMICA, MCGRAW - HILL. ALTRI TESTI: NELSON, COX, I PRINCIPI DI BIOCHIMICA DI LEHININGER, ZANICHELLI VOET, VOET, PRATT, FONDAMENTI DI BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI STRYER, BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI RAWN, BIOCHIMICA, MCGRAW-HILLMORAN ET AL., BIOCHIMICA, MCGRAW-HILL GARRET, GRISHAM, BIOCHIMICA, ZANICHELLI


RECEPTION TIME: Monday 10 am

Basic molecular techniques for the manipulation of nucleic acids. Students will learn how to use pipettes and other common laboratory instruments, and will tackle the various experimental steps aimed at cloning a DNA fragment. In particular, they will explore the use of restriction/modification enzymes, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and its applications. Finally, they will conduct electrophoretic analysis on agarose gel for the separation of DNA fragments produced by PCR.

REFERENCE TEXTBOOK: BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE, AMALDI ET AL., TERZA EDIZIONE, CASA EDITRICE ZANICHELLI. FURTHER SUGGESTED TEXTBOOKS: 1) GENOMI, BROWN, QUARTA EDIZIONE, CASA EDITRICE EDISES; 2) IL GENE, LEWIN, TERZA EDIZIONE COMPATTA, ZANICHELLI.

THE COURSE CONCERNS THE GENERAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS WHICH REGULATE THE BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES OCCURRING WITHIN A CELL, WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASYS ON GENETIC STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION AND EXPRESSION OF PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC ORGANISMS. FURTHERMORE, THE SUBJECT TAKES INTO CONSIDERATION THE MOST UPDATED MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL PROCEUDURES UTILIZED IN BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH. THE TEACHING PROGRAM IS ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS: GENOME ANATOMY, TRANSCRIPTOMES AND PROTEOMES; GENOME ACCESSIBILITY; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION COMPLEX; RNA SYNTHESES AND MATURATION; PROTEOME SYNTHESES AND MATURATION; GENOME SEQUENCING; GENOME REPLICATION; REPAIR SYSTEMS; GENETIC RECOMBINATION; GENETIC ENGINEERING AND DNA RECOMBINANT TECHNIQUES.

REFERENCE TEXTBOOK: BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE, AMALDI ET AL., TERZA EDIZIONE, CASA EDITRICE ZANICHELLI. FURTHER SUGGESTED TEXTBOOKS: 1) GENOMI, BROWN, QUARTA EDIZIONE, CASA EDITRICE EDISES; 2) IL GENE, LEWIN, TERZA EDIZIONE COMPATTA, ZANICHELLI.

THE COURSE CONCERNS THE GENERAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS WHICH REGULATE THE BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES OCCURRING WITHIN A CELL, WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASYS ON GENETIC STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION AND EXPRESSION OF PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC ORGANISMS. FURTHERMORE, THE SUBJECT TAKES INTO CONSIDERATION THE MOST UPDATED MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL PROCEUDURES UTILIZED IN BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH. THE TEACHING PROGRAM IS ORGANIZED AS FOLLOWS: GENOME ANATOMY, TRANSCRIPTOMES AND PROTEOMES; GENOME ACCESSIBILITY; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION COMPLEX; RNA SYNTHESES AND MATURATION; PROTEOME SYNTHESES AND MATURATION; GENOME SEQUENCING; GENOME REPLICATION; REPAIR SYSTEMS; GENETIC RECOMBINATION; GENETIC ENGINEERING AND DNA RECOMBINANT TECHNIQUES.

REFERENCE TEXTBOOK: BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE, AMALDI ET AL., TERZA EDIZIONE, CASA EDITRICE ZANICHELLI. FURTHER SUGGESTED TEXTBOOKS: 1) GENOMI, BROWN, QUARTA EDIZIONE, CASA EDITRICE EDISES; 2) IL GENE, LEWIN, TERZA EDIZIONE COMPATTA, ZANICHELLI.

Cultural competences (Knowledge of:) The teaching aims to provide students with basic knowledge related to the evolution of the different anatomical and morphological components of vertebrates, to assess the degree of functional adaptation to the habitat.
Methodological skills (Know how to perform:) acquire and use experimental data related to the vertebrate-environment interaction
Teaching program:
ORIGIN OF VERTEBRATES. AGNATHA AND ORIGIN OF GNATHOSTOMATA. DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTIONARY SUCCESS OF AQUATIC VERTEBRATES BY BOTH ANATOMIC AND REPRODUCTIVE VIEWPOINTS. TETRAPODA ORIGIN AND THE COLONIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL HABITATS. ADVENT OF THE AMNIOTIC EGG AND DEFINITIVE COLONIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL HABITATS BY REPTILES. BIRDS AND ADAPTATION TO FLIGHT. MAMMAL DIVERSITY: NATURAL PLASTICITY AND EVOLUTIVE PROCESSES. COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATE ORGANIC SYSTEMS. ORIGIN, ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION OF SYSTEMS USED FOR PREDATION, RESPIRATION, AND BLOOD AND LYMPH CIRCULATION. FOOD STRATEGIES IN VERTEBRATES. RESPIRATORY, DIGESTIVE AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS IN VERTEBRATES. URO-GENITAL SYSTEM EVOLUTION IN VERTEBRATES. RENAL SYSTEM ORGANIZATION. MODES AND TYPES OF EXCRETION. SEX DIFFERENTIATION AND DETERMINATION. REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGIES IN VERTEBRATES.

EVOLUTIVE BIOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS
- Abelli et al. ANATOMIA COMPARATA. Edi Ermes
- Liem Bemis Walker Grande. ANATOMIA COMPARATA DEI VERTEBRATI. EdiSES
- Kardong. VERTEBRATI. ANATOMIA COMPARATA, FUNZIONE, EVOLUZIONE. McGraw-Hill
- Romer. ANATOMIA COMPARATA DEI VERTEBRATI. EdiSES
- Giavini, Menegola. MANUALE DI ANATOMIA COMPARATA. EdiSES
MORPHOLOGY VS. ENVIRONMENT
- Hildebrand. ANATOMIA COMPARATA DEI VERTEBRATI. Zanichelli
VERTEBRATE DISSECTION
- Arias et al. ANATOMIA MICROSCOPICA DEI VERTEBRATI. Teresa Zavanella
- Minelli e Del Grande. Atlante di Anatomia dei Vertebrati. Piccin.
- Giavini et al. Atlante di Anatomia Macroscopica dei Vertebrati. Springer
Notes and exercises will be provided
Professor receives every day from 17.00 to 19.00 by appointment via email:
massimiliano.scalici@uniroma3.it

Cultural skills (Knowledge of:)
The course aims to provide students with basic knowledge related to the evolution of the different anatomical and morphological components of vertebrates, to assess the degree of functional adaptation to the habitat.
Methodological skills (Know how to perform:) acquire and use experimental data related to the vertebrate-environment interaction
Program:
ORIGIN OF VERTEBRATES. AGNATHA AND ORIGIN OF GNATHOSTOMATA. DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTIONARY SUCCESS OF AQUATIC VERTEBRATES BY BOTH ANATOMIC AND REPRODUCTIVE VIEWPOINTS. TETRAPODA ORIGIN AND THE COLONIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL HABITATS. ADVENT OF THE AMNIOTIC EGG AND DEFINITIVE COLONIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL HABITATS BY REPTILES. BIRDS AND ADAPTATION TO FLIGHT. MAMMAL DIVERSITY: NATURAL PLASTICITY AND EVOLUTIVE PROCESSES. COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATE ORGANIC SYSTEMS. ORIGIN, ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION OF SYSTEMS USED FOR PREDATION, RESPIRATION, AND BLOOD AND LYMPH CIRCULATION. FOOD STRATEGIES IN VERTEBRATES. RESPIRATORY, DIGESTIVE AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS IN VERTEBRATES. URO-GENITAL SYSTEM EVOLUTION IN VERTEBRATES. RENAL SYSTEM ORGANIZATION. MODES AND TYPES OF EXCRETION. SEX DIFFERENTIATION AND DETERMINATION. REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGIES IN VERTEBRATES.

EVOLUTIVE BIOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS
- Abelli et al. ANATOMIA COMPARATA. Edi Ermes
- Liem Bemis Walker Grande. ANATOMIA COMPARATA DEI VERTEBRATI. EdiSES
- Kardong. VERTEBRATI. ANATOMIA COMPARATA, FUNZIONE, EVOLUZIONE. McGraw-Hill
- Romer. ANATOMIA COMPARATA DEI VERTEBRATI. EdiSES
- Giavini, Menegola. MANUALE DI ANATOMIA COMPARATA. EdiSES
MORPHOLOGY VS. ENVIRONMENT
- Hildebrand. ANATOMIA COMPARATA DEI VERTEBRATI. Zanichelli
VERTEBRATE DISSECTION
- Arias et al. ANATOMIA MICROSCOPICA DEI VERTEBRATI. Teresa Zavanella
- Minelli e Del Grande. Atlante di Anatomia dei Vertebrati. Piccin.
- Giavini et al. Atlante di Anatomia Macroscopica dei Vertebrati. Springer
Notes and exercises will be provided.
Professor receives every day from 5.00pm to 7.00pm by appointment via email:
massimiliano.scalici@uniroma3.it

To increase knowledge concerning fundamental processes underlying plant life as well as provide students with basic expertise in experimental plant physiology. Plant Physiology has a primary importance in many scientific areas and applicative contexts such as plant molecular biology, plant breeding, pharmacology, plant pathology, agro-industrial biotechnology.
Expected learning outcomes: to describe theoretical aspects, in-depth knowledge, clarity of exposition, ability to apply the acquired knowledge to complex problems, language properties.

THE PLANT CELL (INCLUDED CELL WALL STRUCTURE, BIOGENESIS AND EXPANSION) – WATER AND PLANT CELL – WATER BALANCE OF PLANTS – MINERAL NUTRITION - SOLUTE TRANSPORT – PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE LIGHT REACTIONS - PHOTOSYNTHESIS: CARBON REACTIONS - PHOTOSYNTHESIS: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS - TRASLOCATION IN THE PHLOEM – RESPIRATION AND LIPID METABOLISM – ASSIMILATION OF MINERAL NUTRIENTS – SECONDARY METABOLITES AND PLANT DEFENSE – GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - PHYTOCHROME AND LIGHT CONTROL OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT - BLUE LIGHT RESPONSES AND PHOTORECEPTORS – AUXIN – GIBBERELLINS – CYTOKININS – ETHYLENE – ABSCISIC ACID - BRASSINOSTEROIDS – THE CONTROL OF FLOWERING - STRESS PHYSIOLOGY.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE)
LINCOLN TAIZ- EDUARDO ZEIGER
SINAUER ASSOCIATES (FIFTH EDITION)

FISIOLOGIA VEGETALE (IN LINGUA ITALIANA)
LINCOLN TAIZ- EDUARDO ZEIGER
PICCIN EDITORE IV EDIZIONE (TRADOTTO DALLA QUINTA EDIZIONE IN LINGUA INGLESE)

The teacher receives every day (Monday-Friday) by appointment by institutional e-mail

To increase knowledge concerning fundamental processes underlying plant life as well as provide students with basic expertise in experimental plant physiology. Plant Physiology has a primary importance in many scientific areas and applicative contexts such as plant molecular biology, plant breeding, pharmacology, plant pathology, agro-industrial biotechnology.
Expected learning outcomes: to describe theoretical aspects, in-depth knowledge, clarity of exposition, ability to apply the acquired knowledge to complex problems, language properties.

THE PLANT CELL (INCLUDED CELL WALL STRUCTURE, BIOGENESIS AND EXPANSION) – WATER AND PLANT CELL – WATER BALANCE OF PLANTS – MINERAL NUTRITION - SOLUTE TRANSPORT – PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE LIGHT REACTIONS - PHOTOSYNTHESIS: CARBON REACTIONS - PHOTOSYNTHESIS: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS - TRASLOCATION IN THE PHLOEM – RESPIRATION AND LIPID METABOLISM – ASSIMILATION OF MINERAL NUTRIENTS – SECONDARY METABOLITES AND PLANT DEFENSE – GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - PHYTOCHROME AND LIGHT CONTROL OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT - BLUE LIGHT RESPONSES AND PHOTORECEPTORS – AUXIN – GIBBERELLINS – CYTOKININS – ETHYLENE – ABSCISIC ACID - BRASSINOSTEROIDS – THE CONTROL OF FLOWERING - STRESS PHYSIOLOGY.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE)
LINCOLN TAIZ- EDUARDO ZEIGER
SINAUER ASSOCIATES (FIFTH EDITION)

FISIOLOGIA VEGETALE (IN LINGUA ITALIANA)
LINCOLN TAIZ- EDUARDO ZEIGER
PICCIN EDITORE IV EDIZIONE (TRADOTTO DALLA QUINTA EDIZIONE IN LINGUA INGLESE)

The teacher receives every day (Monday-Friday) by appointment by institutional e-mail

To increase knowledge concerning fundamental processes underlying plant life as well as provide students with basic expertise in experimental plant physiology. Plant Physiology has a primary importance in many scientific areas and applicative contexts such as plant molecular biology, plant breeding, pharmacology, plant pathology, agro-industrial biotechnology.
Expected learning outcomes: to describe theoretical aspects, in-depth knowledge, clarity of exposition, ability to apply the acquired knowledge to complex problems, language properties.

THE PLANT CELL (INCLUDED CELL WALL STRUCTURE, BIOGENESIS AND EXPANSION) – WATER AND PLANT CELL – WATER BALANCE OF PLANTS – MINERAL NUTRITION - SOLUTE TRANSPORT – PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE LIGHT REACTIONS - PHOTOSYNTHESIS: CARBON REACTIONS - PHOTOSYNTHESIS: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS - TRASLOCATION IN THE PHLOEM – RESPIRATION AND LIPID METABOLISM – ASSIMILATION OF MINERAL NUTRIENTS – SECONDARY METABOLITES AND PLANT DEFENSE – GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - PHYTOCHROME AND LIGHT CONTROL OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT - BLUE LIGHT RESPONSES AND PHOTORECEPTORS – AUXIN – GIBBERELLINS – CYTOKININS – ETHYLENE – ABSCISIC ACID - BRASSINOSTEROIDS – THE CONTROL OF FLOWERING - STRESS PHYSIOLOGY.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE)
LINCOLN TAIZ- EDUARDO ZEIGER
SINAUER ASSOCIATES (FIFTH EDITION)

FISIOLOGIA VEGETALE (IN LINGUA ITALIANA)
LINCOLN TAIZ- EDUARDO ZEIGER
PICCIN EDITORE IV EDIZIONE (TRADOTTO DALLA QUINTA EDIZIONE IN LINGUA INGLESE)

The teacher receives every day (Monday-Friday) by appointment by institutional e-mail

THE PLANT CELL (INCLUDED CELL WALL STRUCTURE, BIOGENESIS AND EXPANSION) – WATER AND PLANT CELL – WATER BALANCE OF PLANTS – MINERAL NUTRITION - SOLUTE TRANSPORT – PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE LIGHT REACTIONS - PHOTOSYNTHESIS: CARBON REACTIONS - PHOTOSYNTHESIS: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS - TRASLOCATION IN THE PHLOEM – RESPIRATION AND LIPID METABOLISM – ASSIMILATION OF MINERAL NUTRIENTS – SECONDARY METABOLITES AND PLANT DEFENSE – GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - PHYTOCHROME AND LIGHT CONTROL OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT - BLUE LIGHT RESPONSES AND PHOTORECEPTORS – AUXIN – GIBBERELLINS – CYTOKININS – ETHYLENE – ABSCISIC ACID - BRASSINOSTEROIDS – THE CONTROL OF FLOWERING - STRESS PHYSIOLOGY.

LABORATORY PRACTICES TO BE DEFINED DURING THE COURSE.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE), LINCOLN TAIZ- EDUARDO ZEIGER, SINAUER ASSOCIATES (FIFTH EDITION)

Looking at nature through different perspectives: ecological principles from ecosystems to populations, origin and development of ecology as a science. Ecology as a group of subdisciplines.
Ecosystem ecology: factors related to distribution of biomes, biomes and climatic changes, the flux of energy in the ecosystem, trophic structure, production and productivity, ecological pyramids, biogeochemical cycles.
Community ecology: community structure, aims and methods in community analyses in an ecological perspective, successions, methods in successional studies, biodiversity, diversity measures, factors influencing diversity in different ecosystems, alien species, diversity and conservation. Bioindicators.
Population ecology. Population structure and dynamics, r and k selection, interactions, intraspecific relationships, interspecific competition, ecological niche.
Environment-organisms relationships, ecological factors, response of organisms to environmental factors, stress and disturbance, c-s-r strategies
Ecosystems conservation and management. Introduction to conservation biology, management of protected areas.
Introduction to landscape ecology. Landscape structure and landscape dynamics, landscape and ecosystem management.
Introduction to urban ecology. Major features of urban ecosystems.

SMITH, T. & SMITH, R. 2017. ELEMENTI DI ECOLOGIA. PEARSON-B. CUMMINGS
CAIN, M. BOWMAN, W. & HACKER, S. 2017. ECOLOGIA. PICCIN

Looking at nature through different perspectives: ecological principles from ecosystems to populations, origin and development of ecology as a science. Ecology as a group of subdisciplines.
Ecosystem ecology: factors related to distribution of biomes, biomes and climatic changes, the flux of energy in the ecosystem, trophic structure, production and productivity, ecological pyramids, biogeochemical cycles.
Community ecology: community structure, aims and methods in community analyses in an ecological perspective, successions, methods in successional studies, biodiversity, diversity measures, factors influencing diversity in different ecosystems, alien species, diversity and conservation. Bioindicators.
Population ecology. Population structure and dynamics, r and k selection, interactions, intraspecific relationships, interspecific competition, ecological niche.
Environment-organisms relationships, ecological factors, response of organisms to environmental factors, stress and disturbance, c-s-r strategies
Ecosystems conservation and management. Introduction to conservation biology, management of protected areas.
Introduction to landscape ecology. Landscape structure and landscape dynamics, landscape and ecosystem management.
Introduction to urban ecology. Major features of urban ecosystems.

SMITH, T. & SMITH, R. 2017. ELEMENTI DI ECOLOGIA. PEARSON-B. CUMMINGS
CAIN, M. BOWMAN, W. & HACKER, S. 2017. ECOLOGIA. PICCIN

through a series of seminars and discussions on different aspects of biology, students would have a panoramic view on the methods used in biological researches as systematic, controlled, empirical and critical studies of natural phenomenon, from the formulation of a hypothesis up to the construction of an explanation. Setting of basic skills on the meaning of experimental results, learning methods and communication.

Consultation of any book on general biology for high schools is recommended

Lecture notes will be provided

The professor receives every day from 8.00 to 9.00 by appointment via e-mail: giovanni.antonini@uniroma3.it

MODULE 1 BACTERIOLOGY
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE BACTERIAL CELL. MICROBIAL DIVERSITY. THE DISCOVERY OF MICROBES AND MAIN HISTORICAL EXPERIMENTS. THE CELL WALL OF BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA. THE PEPTIDOGLYCAN: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, BIOGENESIS. THE STAIN PROPERTIES OF BACTERIA. THE PROKARYOTIC CELL MEMBRANE AND THE MEMBRANE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS. CYTOPLASMIC STRUCTURES (ORGANELLES AND INCLUSIONS) AND THE EXTRA-CYTOPLASMIC STRUCTURES (CAPSULES, PILI, FIMBRIA, FLAGELLA). STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE PROKARYOTIC GENOME. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN BACTERIA. THE SPORE STRUCTURE AND REGULATION OF SPORULATION. BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS AND OTHER TAXES. NUTRITION, CULTURE AND METABOLISM OF BACTERIA. CHEMOLITOTROPHY. BACTERIAL CELL DIVISION. MICROBIAL GROWTH AND FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH. CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH BY CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METHODS; STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE. HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS AND PATHOGENICITY FACTORS. EXOTOXINS AND ENDOTOXIN. INTRACELLULAR PARASITISM.
MICROBIAL EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS. TAXONOMY AND MAIN TAXONOMIC UNITS IN PROKARYOTES. THE SPECIES CONCEPT IN BACTERIA. THE GENERAL PHYLOGENY OF BACTERIA. METHODS FOR INVESTIGATION OF BACTERIAL PHYLOGENY AND SPECIES IDENTIFICATION. GENOTYPIC ANALYSES. THE ARCHAEA: STRUCTURAL, FUNCTIONAL, METABOLIC AND EVOLUTIONARY CHARACTERISTICS. HYPERTHERMOPHILIC, METHANOGENIC AND HALOPHILIC ARCHAEA. BIODIVERSITY IN PROKARYOTES. OUTLINE OF MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGIES.

BROCK, BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS, EDS: M. T. MADIGAN - J. M. MARTINKO - D. A. STAHL - D. P. CLARK WEB SITES: WWW.MICROBIOLOGYBYTES.COM (CLICK ON SITEMAP AND USE ALSO THE LABWORK: ONLINE EXPERIMENTS ); HTTP://WWW.MICROBEWORLD.ORG/MICROBES/; HTTP://GSBS.UTMB.EDU/MICROBOOK/TOC.HTM; HTTP://WWW.BACT.WISC.EDU/MICROTEXTBOOK/
OTHER RECOMMENDED TEXTBOOKS (AVAILABLE IN THE ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY)
- PRESCOTT/HARLEY/KLEIN'S, MICROBIOLOGY
- MURRAY, ROSENTHAL, PFALLER, MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY,
- CANN ALAN J.,PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY,
- EDWARD K. WAGNER E MARTINEZ J. HEWLETT – BASIC VIROLOGY –BLACKWELL SCIENCE
TEACHERS WILL ALSO PROVIDE TECHNICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS FOR THE LABORATORY EXERCISES.

MODULE 1 BACTERIOLOGY
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE BACTERIAL CELL. MICROBIAL DIVERSITY. THE DISCOVERY OF MICROBES AND MAIN HISTORICAL EXPERIMENTS. THE CELL WALL OF BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA. THE PEPTIDOGLYCAN: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, BIOGENESIS. THE STAIN PROPERTIES OF BACTERIA. THE PROKARYOTIC CELL MEMBRANE AND THE MEMBRANE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS. CYTOPLASMIC STRUCTURES (ORGANELLES AND INCLUSIONS) AND THE EXTRA-CYTOPLASMIC STRUCTURES (CAPSULES, PILI, FIMBRIA, FLAGELLA). STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE PROKARYOTIC GENOME. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN BACTERIA. THE SPORE STRUCTURE AND REGULATION OF SPORULATION. BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS AND OTHER TAXES. NUTRITION, CULTURE AND METABOLISM OF BACTERIA. CHEMOLITOTROPHY. BACTERIAL CELL DIVISION. MICROBIAL GROWTH AND FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH. CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH BY CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METHODS; STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE. HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS AND PATHOGENICITY FACTORS. EXOTOXINS AND ENDOTOXIN. INTRACELLULAR PARASITISM.
MICROBIAL EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS. TAXONOMY AND MAIN TAXONOMIC UNITS IN PROKARYOTES. THE SPECIES CONCEPT IN BACTERIA. THE GENERAL PHYLOGENY OF BACTERIA. METHODS FOR INVESTIGATION OF BACTERIAL PHYLOGENY AND SPECIES IDENTIFICATION. GENOTYPIC ANALYSES. THE ARCHAEA: STRUCTURAL, FUNCTIONAL, METABOLIC AND EVOLUTIONARY CHARACTERISTICS. HYPERTHERMOPHILIC, METHANOGENIC AND HALOPHILIC ARCHAEA. BIODIVERSITY IN PROKARYOTES. OUTLINE OF MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGIES.

BROCK, BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS, EDS: M. T. MADIGAN - J. M. MARTINKO - D. A. STAHL - D. P. CLARK WEB SITES: WWW.MICROBIOLOGYBYTES.COM (CLICK ON SITEMAP AND USE ALSO THE LABWORK: ONLINE EXPERIMENTS ); HTTP://WWW.MICROBEWORLD.ORG/MICROBES/; HTTP://GSBS.UTMB.EDU/MICROBOOK/TOC.HTM; HTTP://WWW.BACT.WISC.EDU/MICROTEXTBOOK/
OTHER RECOMMENDED TEXTBOOKS (AVAILABLE IN THE ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY)
- PRESCOTT/HARLEY/KLEIN'S, MICROBIOLOGY
- MURRAY, ROSENTHAL, PFALLER, MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY,
- CANN ALAN J.,PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY,
- EDWARD K. WAGNER E MARTINEZ J. HEWLETT – BASIC VIROLOGY –BLACKWELL SCIENCE
TEACHERS WILL ALSO PROVIDE TECHNICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS FOR THE LABORATORY EXERCISES.

MODULE 1 BACTERIOLOGY
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE BACTERIAL CELL. MICROBIAL DIVERSITY. THE DISCOVERY OF MICROBES AND MAIN HISTORICAL EXPERIMENTS. THE CELL WALL OF BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA. THE PEPTIDOGLYCAN: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, BIOGENESIS. THE STAIN PROPERTIES OF BACTERIA. THE PROKARYOTIC CELL MEMBRANE AND THE MEMBRANE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS. CYTOPLASMIC STRUCTURES (ORGANELLES AND INCLUSIONS) AND THE EXTRA-CYTOPLASMIC STRUCTURES (CAPSULES, PILI, FIMBRIA, FLAGELLA). STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF THE PROKARYOTIC GENOME. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN BACTERIA. THE SPORE STRUCTURE AND REGULATION OF SPORULATION. BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS AND OTHER TAXES. NUTRITION, CULTURE AND METABOLISM OF BACTERIA. CHEMOLITOTROPHY. BACTERIAL CELL DIVISION. MICROBIAL GROWTH AND FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH. CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH BY CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METHODS; STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY. ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE. HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS AND PATHOGENICITY FACTORS. EXOTOXINS AND ENDOTOXIN. INTRACELLULAR PARASITISM.
MICROBIAL EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS. TAXONOMY AND MAIN TAXONOMIC UNITS IN PROKARYOTES. THE SPECIES CONCEPT IN BACTERIA. THE GENERAL PHYLOGENY OF BACTERIA. METHODS FOR INVESTIGATION OF BACTERIAL PHYLOGENY AND SPECIES IDENTIFICATION. GENOTYPIC ANALYSES. THE ARCHAEA: STRUCTURAL, FUNCTIONAL, METABOLIC AND EVOLUTIONARY CHARACTERISTICS. HYPERTHERMOPHILIC, METHANOGENIC AND HALOPHILIC ARCHAEA. BIODIVERSITY IN PROKARYOTES. OUTLINE OF MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGIES.

BROCK, BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS, EDS: M. T. MADIGAN - J. M. MARTINKO - D. A. STAHL - D. P. CLARK WEB SITES: WWW.MICROBIOLOGYBYTES.COM (CLICK ON SITEMAP AND USE ALSO THE LABWORK: ONLINE EXPERIMENTS ); HTTP://WWW.MICROBEWORLD.ORG/MICROBES/; HTTP://GSBS.UTMB.EDU/MICROBOOK/TOC.HTM; HTTP://WWW.BACT.WISC.EDU/MICROTEXTBOOK/
OTHER RECOMMENDED TEXTBOOKS (AVAILABLE IN THE ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY)
- PRESCOTT/HARLEY/KLEIN'S, MICROBIOLOGY
- MURRAY, ROSENTHAL, PFALLER, MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY,
- CANN ALAN J.,PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY,
- EDWARD K. WAGNER E MARTINEZ J. HEWLETT – BASIC VIROLOGY –BLACKWELL SCIENCE
TEACHERS WILL ALSO PROVIDE TECHNICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS FOR THE LABORATORY EXERCISES.

MODULE 2 BACTERIAL GENETICS
PLASMIDS. THE GENETIC ORGANIZATION OF PLASMIDS. PLASMID REPLICATION, COPY NUMBER AND PARTITION CONTROL. TRANSFORMATION. NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL TRANSFORMATION. PHASES OF TRANSFORMATION. COMPETENCE. TRANSFORMATION IN GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA. CONJUGATION. THE DISCOVERY OF F+ AND HFR E. COLI STRAINS. POLARITY OF CONJUGAL TRANSFER. CONJUGATION-BASED GENETIC MAPS. ORIGIN OH HFR STRAINS. F’ AND GENERATION OF F’ PLASMIDS. TRANSDUCTION. VIRULENT AND TEMPERATE BACTERIOPHAGES. GENERATION OF TRANSDUCING PHAGES AND DNA PACKAGING. GENETIC MAPS GENERATED BY TRANSDUCTION. •TRANSPOSITION AND TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS. MECHANISMS OF TRANSPOSITION•. PLASMIDS AND PHAGES AS DNA CLONING VEHICLES. • RESTRICTION ENZYMES. GENETIC ENGINEERING.

BROCK, BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS, EDS: M. T. MADIGAN - J. M. MARTINKO - D. A. STAHL - D. P. CLARK + CANN ALAN J.,PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY,WEB SITES: WWW.MICROBIOLOGYBYTES.COM (CLICK ON SITEMAP AND USE ALSO THE LABWORK: ONLINE EXPERIMENTS ); HTTP://WWW.MICROBEWORLD.ORG/MICROBES/; HTTP://GSBS.UTMB.EDU/MICROBOOK/TOC.HTM; HTTP://WWW.BACT.WISC.EDU/MICROTEXTBOOK/
OTHER RECOMMENDED TEXTBOOKS (AVAILABLE IN THE ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY)
- PRESCOTT/HARLEY/KLEIN'S, MICROBIOLOGY
- MURRAY, ROSENTHAL, PFALLER, MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY,
- EDWARD K. WAGNER E MARTINEZ J. HEWLETT – BASIC VIROLOGY –BLACKWELL SCIENCE
TEACHERS WILL ALSO PROVIDE TECHNICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS FOR THE LABORATORY EXERCISES.

MODULE 3 PRINCIPLES OF VIROLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIAL IMMUNITY
INTRODUCTION TO VIROLOGY. ORIGIN OF VIRUSES AND THEIR STRUCTURE THE VIRAL LIFE CYCLE. THE BALTIMORE SCHEME OF VIRUS CLASSIFICATION. GENOME VARIABILITY, THE CONCEPT OF VIRAL SPECIES AND THE DEFINITION OF QUASI-SPECIES. METHODS FOR GENOTYPING AND SEROTYPING. DEFINITION OF ACUTE, ABORTIVE, LATENT AND PERSISTENT INFECTION. REPLICATION STRATEGIES OF SPECIFIC VIRUSES THAT INFECT BACTERIA OR VERTEBRATE HOSTS WILL BE DESCRIBED TO GAIN INSIGHT INTO VIRAL EVOLUTION, VIRUS-CELL INTERACTIONS, PATHOGENESIS, HOST DEFENSE MECHANISMS, STRATEGIES OF VIRAL IMMUNOEVASIONS, METHODS OF VIRAL DETECTION, IDENTIFICATION AND TITRATION, ANTIVIRAL DRUGS AND PROFILAXIS OF VIRAL INFECTIONS (BACTERIOPHAGES: T4, T7, Λ, Q OR MS2, ΦX174 AND M13; ANIMAL VIRUSES: POLIOVIRUS, HEPATITIS A, B AND C VIRUSES, VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS, INFLUENZA VIRUS, RETROVIRUSES AND AIDS VIRUS, SV40 AND PAPILLOMAVIRUS).
PRACTICAL EXERCISE WILL BE PERFORMED DURING THE COURSE.

BROCK, BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS, EDS: M. T. MADIGAN - J. M. MARTINKO - D. A. STAHL - D. P. CLARK WEB SITES: WWW.MICROBIOLOGYBYTES.COM (CLICK ON SITEMAP AND USE ALSO THE LABWORK: ONLINE EXPERIMENTS ); HTTP://WWW.MICROBEWORLD.ORG/MICROBES/; HTTP://GSBS.UTMB.EDU/MICROBOOK/TOC.HTM; HTTP://WWW.BACT.WISC.EDU/MICROTEXTBOOK/
OTHER RECOMMENDED TEXTBOOKS (AVAILABLE IN THE ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY)
- PRESCOTT/HARLEY/KLEIN'S, MICROBIOLOGY
- MURRAY, ROSENTHAL, PFALLER, MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY,
- CANN ALAN J.,PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY,
- EDWARD K. WAGNER E MARTINEZ J. HEWLETT – BASIC VIROLOGY –BLACKWELL SCIENCE
TEACHERS WILL ALSO PROVIDE TECHNICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS FOR THE LABORATORY EXERCISES.

MODULE 3 PRINCIPLES OF VIROLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIAL IMMUNITY
INTRODUCTION TO VIROLOGY. ORIGIN OF VIRUSES AND THEIR STRUCTURE THE VIRAL LIFE CYCLE. THE BALTIMORE SCHEME OF VIRUS CLASSIFICATION. GENOME VARIABILITY, THE CONCEPT OF VIRAL SPECIES AND THE DEFINITION OF QUASI-SPECIES. METHODS FOR GENOTYPING AND SEROTYPING. DEFINITION OF ACUTE, ABORTIVE, LATENT AND PERSISTENT INFECTION. REPLICATION STRATEGIES OF SPECIFIC VIRUSES THAT INFECT BACTERIA OR VERTEBRATE HOSTS WILL BE DESCRIBED TO GAIN INSIGHT INTO VIRAL EVOLUTION, VIRUS-CELL INTERACTIONS, PATHOGENESIS, HOST DEFENSE MECHANISMS, STRATEGIES OF VIRAL IMMUNOEVASIONS, METHODS OF VIRAL DETECTION, IDENTIFICATION AND TITRATION, ANTIVIRAL DRUGS AND PROFILAXIS OF VIRAL INFECTIONS (BACTERIOPHAGES: T4, T7, Λ, Q OR MS2, ΦX174 AND M13; ANIMAL VIRUSES: POLIOVIRUS, HEPATITIS A, B AND C VIRUSES, VESICULAR STOMATITIS VIRUS, INFLUENZA VIRUS, RETROVIRUSES AND AIDS VIRUS, SV40 AND PAPILLOMAVIRUS).
PRACTICAL EXERCISE WILL BE PERFORMED DURING THE COURSE.

BROCK, BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS, EDS: M. T. MADIGAN - J. M. MARTINKO - D. A. STAHL - D. P. CLARK WEB SITES: WWW.MICROBIOLOGYBYTES.COM (CLICK ON SITEMAP AND USE ALSO THE LABWORK: ONLINE EXPERIMENTS ); HTTP://WWW.MICROBEWORLD.ORG/MICROBES/; HTTP://GSBS.UTMB.EDU/MICROBOOK/TOC.HTM; HTTP://WWW.BACT.WISC.EDU/MICROTEXTBOOK/
OTHER RECOMMENDED TEXTBOOKS (AVAILABLE IN THE ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY)
- PRESCOTT/HARLEY/KLEIN'S, MICROBIOLOGY
- MURRAY, ROSENTHAL, PFALLER, MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY,
- CANN ALAN J.,PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY,
- EDWARD K. WAGNER E MARTINEZ J. HEWLETT – BASIC VIROLOGY –BLACKWELL SCIENCE
TEACHERS WILL ALSO PROVIDE TECHNICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOLS FOR THE LABORATORY EXERCISES.

MEMBRANE DYNAMIC (0.5 CFU): STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS AND DYNAMICS OF CELL PLASMA MEMBRANES. JUNCTIONS, CHANNELS, RECEPTORS. PERMEABILITY, DIFFUSION, OSMOSYS, TONICITY. PLASMA MEMBRANE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS: FACILITATE, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT. ENDOCYTOSIS-EXOCYTOSIS. ION TRANSPORT.
HOMEOSTASIS AND CONTROL (2 CFU): CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND AUTONOMOUS NERVOUS SYSTEM. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE CELL PLASMA MEMBRANE, GENESIS OF THE TRANSPLASMA MEMBRANE POTENTIAL, EXCITABILITY, RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL, ELECTROTONIC AND ACTION POTENTIAL. PROPAGATION AND TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRIC SIGNALS. SYNAPSES. SOMATIC AND AUTONOMOUS REFLEX ARC. BASIC SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY AND RECEPTORS. HORMONES. CELL COMMUNICATION, GENERAL PROPERTIES OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM, CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND RELEASE OF HORMONES. HORMONE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION.
FUNCTION OF ORGANS AND SYSTEMS (4 CFU): MUSCLE SYSTEM. SKELETAL, SMOOTH, CARDIAC MUSCLE. MECHANIC OF THE SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTION. MYOGRAM. REFRACTORY PERIOD. TETANIC CONTRACTION. CONTROL OF THE MUSCLE CONTRACTION. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HEART, POTENTIALS OF PACEMAKER CELLS AND WORKING MYOCARDIUM, THE HEART AS A PUMP. INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC REGULATION OF THE HEART CARDIAC OUTPUT. VASCULAR SYSTEM, FLUX, ARTERY PRESSURE AND ITS REGULATION. THE BLOOD. PROPERTIES, GLOBULAR RESISTANCE, BLOOD DISTRIBUTION TO TISSUES. COAGULATION. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. RESPIRATORY MECHANIC, VENTILATION, EXCHANGE AND TRANSPORT OF GASES, PH REGULATION, REGULATION OF VENTILATION. RENAL SYSTEM. GLOMERULAR FILTRATION, REASSORBTION, SECRETION, EXCRETION. HORMONE REGULATION OF THE RENAL FUNCTION. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. MOTILITY, SECRETION, DIGESTION, ABSORPTION OF CARBOHYDRATES, LIPIDS AND PROTEINS.
INTEGRATED PHYSIOLOGY (1.5 CFU): BASIS OF NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY, METABOLISM AND ENERGETIC BALANCE. HOMEOSTATIC CONTROL OF ENERGETIC METABOLISM BY INSULIN AND GLUCAGON, THERMOREGULATION. HYDRO-ELECTROLYTIC HOMEOSTASIS. ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM. BODY ACCLIMATATION TO EXERCISE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES.


PRACTICAL TRAINING IN CHEMISTRY AND COMPUTER LABORATORY (1 CFU): OSMOTIC PRESSURE, BLOOD (COAGULATION AND GLOBULAR RESISTANCE), RESPIRATION, ANALYSIS OF INTRACELLULAR BLOOD GLUCOSE REGULATION. USE OF HYPERTEXTS ON THE ACTION POTENTIAL, CIRCULATION, RENAL FUNCTION

MAIN TEXTBOOK: D.U. SILVERTHORN. FISIOLOGIA UMANA. UN APPROCCIO INTEGRATO. QUINTA EDIZIONE, 2010. PEARSON, MILANO –TORINO, ITALIA.

MEMBRANE DYNAMIC (0.5 CFU): STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS AND DYNAMICS OF CELL PLASMA MEMBRANES. JUNCTIONS, CHANNELS, RECEPTORS. PERMEABILITY, DIFFUSION, OSMOSYS, TONICITY. PLASMA MEMBRANE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS: FACILITATE, PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT. ENDOCYTOSIS-EXOCYTOSIS. ION TRANSPORT.
HOMEOSTASIS AND CONTROL (2 CFU): CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND AUTONOMOUS NERVOUS SYSTEM. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE CELL PLASMA MEMBRANE, GENESIS OF THE TRANSPLASMA MEMBRANE POTENTIAL, EXCITABILITY, RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL, ELECTROTONIC AND ACTION POTENTIAL. PROPAGATION AND TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRIC SIGNALS. SYNAPSES. SOMATIC AND AUTONOMOUS REFLEX ARC. BASIC SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY AND RECEPTORS. HORMONES. CELL COMMUNICATION, GENERAL PROPERTIES OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM, CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND RELEASE OF HORMONES. HORMONE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION.
FUNCTION OF ORGANS AND SYSTEMS (4 CFU): MUSCLE SYSTEM. SKELETAL, SMOOTH, CARDIAC MUSCLE. MECHANIC OF THE SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTION. MYOGRAM. REFRACTORY PERIOD. TETANIC CONTRACTION. CONTROL OF THE MUSCLE CONTRACTION. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HEART, POTENTIALS OF PACEMAKER CELLS AND WORKING MYOCARDIUM, THE HEART AS A PUMP. INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC REGULATION OF THE HEART CARDIAC OUTPUT. VASCULAR SYSTEM, FLUX, ARTERY PRESSURE AND ITS REGULATION. THE BLOOD. PROPERTIES, GLOBULAR RESISTANCE, BLOOD DISTRIBUTION TO TISSUES. COAGULATION. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. RESPIRATORY MECHANIC, VENTILATION, EXCHANGE AND TRANSPORT OF GASES, PH REGULATION, REGULATION OF VENTILATION. RENAL SYSTEM. GLOMERULAR FILTRATION, REASSORBTION, SECRETION, EXCRETION. HORMONE REGULATION OF THE RENAL FUNCTION. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. MOTILITY, SECRETION, DIGESTION, ABSORPTION OF CARBOHYDRATES, LIPIDS AND PROTEINS.
INTEGRATED PHYSIOLOGY (1.5 CFU): BASIS OF NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY, METABOLISM AND ENERGETIC BALANCE. HOMEOSTATIC CONTROL OF ENERGETIC METABOLISM BY INSULIN AND GLUCAGON, THERMOREGULATION. HYDRO-ELECTROLYTIC HOMEOSTASIS. ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM. BODY ACCLIMATATION TO EXERCISE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES.


PRACTICAL TRAINING IN CHEMISTRY AND COMPUTER LABORATORY (1 CFU): OSMOTIC PRESSURE, BLOOD (COAGULATION AND GLOBULAR RESISTANCE), RESPIRATION, ANALYSIS OF INTRACELLULAR BLOOD GLUCOSE REGULATION. USE OF HYPERTEXTS ON THE ACTION POTENTIAL, CIRCULATION, RENAL FUNCTION

MAIN TEXTBOOK: D.U. SILVERTHORN. FISIOLOGIA UMANA. UN APPROCCIO INTEGRATO. QUINTA EDIZIONE, 2010. PEARSON, MILANO –TORINO, ITALIA.

BOOKS FOR DEEPENING KNOWLEDGE: (AVAILABLE IN THE SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY) HILL R, WYSE G, ANDERSON M. FISIOLOGIA ANIMALE 2006 ZANICHELLI; RANDALL D. ET AL., FISIOLOGIA ANIMALE ZANICHELLI; CASELLA C. E TAGLIETTI V. PRINCIPI DI FISIOLOGIA ED. LA GOLIARDICA PAVESE; BERNE R.M. E LEVY M.N. FISIOLOGIA. SESTA EDIZIONE, CASA EDITRICE AMBROSIANA.

PRACTICAL TRAINING IN CHEMISTRY AND COMPUTER LABORATORY (1 CFU): OSMOTIC PRESSURE, BLOOD (COAGULATION AND GLOBULAR RESISTANCE), RESPIRATION, ANALYSIS OF INTRACELLULAR BLOOD GLUCOSE REGULATION. USE OF HYPERTEXTS ON THE ACTION POTENTIAL, CIRCULATION, RENAL FUNCTION

MAIN TEXTBOOK: D.U. SILVERTHORN. FISIOLOGIA UMANA. UN APPROCCIO INTEGRATO. QUINTA EDIZIONE, 2010. PEARSON, MILANO –TORINO, ITALIA.