GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, second edition, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale (second edition), CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting:
Paoloni M. (ed.), Paoloni M., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilità, second edition, CEDAM, 2023.

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.

Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, second edition, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale (second edition), CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting:
Paoloni M. (ed.), Paoloni M., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilità, second edition, CEDAM, 2023.

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021 (pp. 1-132; 163-172; 186-190)

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets.
Numerical sets: natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.

2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.

3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.

4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).

5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.

6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.

7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).

8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability. Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.

9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).

10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

The legal system - The form of government - The system of sources - The constitutional level: the Constitution, the constitutional review laws and other constitutional laws - Constituted power and constituent power - Sources of primary level - The sources of secondary level - The sources of the European Union - The organization of the Parliament - The Government - The President of the Republic - The Constitutional Court - The Judiciary - Territorial autonomies - Public administration and administrative activity - Constitutional rights and freedoms

Exam for 9 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts:
CAP. I, §7
CAP. II, §§ 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, § 11
CAP. VII, § 7
CAP. IX, §§ 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. XII §§ 8, 9, 10 e 11.

Exam for 6 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts
CAP. I, §§ 7, 9 (escluse solo pp. 99-105) e 10
CAP. II, §§ 11 (escluse solo pp. 213-222), 13 (escluse solo pp. 239-243), 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 1, 2, 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, §§ 1 e 11
CAP. V, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VII, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VIII, §§ 3
CAP. IX, §§ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1, 4.1, 6 (escluse solo pp. 756-760) e 7
CAP. XII §§ 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11 e 12.

Order, Law, State. Subjective legal situations. Freedom rights and social rights. The right to protection of personal data. The principle of legality. The legal reserve. The sources of law. The division of responsibilities between the State and the Regions. Italy and the European Union. The organization of public authorities. Parliament and the legislative process. The forms of government. The Government in the Italian constitutional system. Public Administration. The president of the Republic. Independent administrative authorities. The general law on administrative proceedings. Acts and provisions of the public administration. The right of access to administrative documents. Public services. Public evidence procedures. Territorial autonomies and the rules of administrative action. Judicial protection of rights and interests. Constitutional justice. The CNEL, the State Council and the Court of Auditors

1) F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli ed.

as an alternative

T. Groppi – A. Simoncini, Introduzione allo studio del diritto pubblico e delle sue fonti, Giappichelli ed.

2) Lecture notes prepared by the professor and available in Formonline about legal sources of the administrative activities (Law no. 241 of 1990 and its institutes: The phases of the administrative procedure; The deadline for completing the proceedings; The justification for the provision; The person responsible for the procedure; The silence of the public administration; The participation of private individuals in the proceedings and the investigative means; Effectiveness and validity of administrative acts; The defects of the administrative act; etcetera)

Part I - National accounts
1. National accounts
2. Numbers of the economy
Part II - Macroeconomics (short run, closed economy)
3. Income-expenditure model in a closed economy
4. Money and financial markets
5. IS-LM model in a closed economy
Part III - Microeconomics
6. Consumption
7. Production and costs
8. Perfect competition
9. Monopoly
10. Monopolistic competition, oligopoly, introduction to game theory
11. Free competition and prices
12. Further topics in microeconomics: market failures, uncertainty, asymmetric information, antitrust policies, regulation of natural monopolies, network externalities
13. Labor market
14. Wages
Part V – Macroeconomics (medium and long run, closed economy)
15. Demand and supply policies
16. Inflation and unemployment
17. Recession, inflation, deflation
18. Economic growth
Part V – Open economy
19. Balance of payments and exchange rates
20. Income-expenditure model in an open economy
21. IS-LM model in an open economy
22. Exchange rates regimes, European Economic and Monetary Union

O. Blanchard, A. Amighini, F. Giavazzi, Macroeconomia, Il Mulino, last edition, ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20
R. H. Frank, Microeconomia, McGraw Hill Italia, last edition, ch. 3, 4, 6.2, 6.4.1, 6.4.2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6.1, 15.2, 15.7

The first part of the course is dedicated to the introduction of the fundamental notions of microeconomics analysis, understanding consumers’ and firms’ behaviour and the different types of market structures.
The second part of the course, concerning the study of macroeconomics, is dedicated to the analysis of the functioning of the economic system and economic aggregates such as output, consumption and investment expenditure, employment and inflation.

• Introduction: demand, supply and equilibrium
• Consumer theory: consumer constraints and choices, consumer and market demand
• Production technologies and firm costs
• Market structures: perfect and imperfect competition
• Markets and public intervention
• Introduction to macroeconomics and national accounting
• Unemployment, inflation, consumption and investment
• Financial system and markets
• The model of the multiplier
• The model AS-AD
• The model IS-LM
• Economic growth and development

P.A. Samuelson, W.D. Nordhaus, C.A. Bollino, ECONOMIA, McGraw-Hill, 21^ Edizione.
Additional teaching material prepared by the lecturer (e.g. slides, lecture notes, publications on scientific journals) will be available on the Moodle platform.

descriptive statistics
variables and their measurement
univariate distributions
describing data with tables and graphs
measures of position
variability

bivariate descriptive statistics
independence, association, correlation

probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables
sampling distributions

Inference:
estimation
hypothesis test

A. Agresti, B. Finlay
Statistical methods for the social sciences

Pearson International Edition - 4th edition 2009

Introduction
1. Hardware and software
2. Data storage and processing
3. Operating system
4. Networking and Internet
5. Algorithms

Word processing

Data sheet

No text book is required. Materials and useful links will be provided during the classes.

Module I - The theory of financial statements

Introduction to the study of financial statements.
The basic functions of financial statements.
The nature of operating income and working capital.
The purposes that can be assigned to financial statements.
Relationship between income, valuation criteria and purposes of financial statements.
The purposes of the financial statements in the business doctrine: the "alpha" and "beta" purposes.

Module II - The Financial Statements in the Civil Code

The documents of the balance sheet - Structure and content (art. 2423-ter - 2425 Civil Code)
The general clause and the principles for drawing up the financial statements (articles 2423 - 2423-bis Civil Code)
Special valuation criteria (art. 2426 Civil Code)
Tangible fixed assets
Intangible fixed assets
Securities and Equity Investments
Receivables
Assets and liabilities in foreign currency
Inventories (Lifo, Fifo, Cmp)
Contract work in progress
The contents of the Explanatory Notes and the Management Report on Operations

Module III - Accounting

Closing entries, general closing and reopening of accounts
Fixed assets - Accounting based on amortization, depreciation, write-downs and reinstatement of value
Equity investments - Accounting with the historical cost method and equity method
Foreign currency transactions - Accounting treatment
Inventories and contract work in progress - Accounting treatment

Module IV - Fundamentals of financial statement analysis

Modules I e II: Tutino M. (2017), Bilancio e nuovi OIC, Cedam
Module III: Paoloni M., Celli M. (2012), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, Cedam.
Module IV: Paolucci G. (2016), Analisi di bilancio, Hoepli.

Teaching materials available to students on the course web pages

First Part
The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting
Second Part
Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.
Third Part
Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting
The Sustainability Reporting

T.R. Ittelson, Financial Statements, Careers Pr. Inc, 2022.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

An updated civil code and manual is required.
Among the manuals on the market it is recommend one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition

As an alternative to the manual, it is also possible to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.c

The course aims, first of all, to provide an overview of the role and the main functions of the financial system. The central part of the course is dedicated to an analysis of the technical characteristics and of the economic and management profiles of financial instruments and markets. Finally, the course presents the objectives as well as the organization and the behavioral models of financial intermediaries, also considering the role of regulation and supervision.
1. Real economy, financial system and financial intermediation
2. Theory of financial intermediation
3. Financial instruments
4. Financial markets
5. Banking
6. Investment services and asset management
7. Insurance
8. Payment systems
9. Risks in financial intermediation
10. Regulation and supervision
11. Monetary policy

Mishkin F.S., Eakins S.G. (2023), Financial Markets and Institutions, tenth edition, Pearson.

The main contents of the course are:

1. The financial system, the real system and intermediation
2. Theories of financial intermediation
3. The typical risks of financial intermediation
4. Financial instruments
5. Financial markets
6. Credit intermediation
7. Securities brokerage
8. Insurance intermediation
9. Strategy and organization of financial intermediation activities
10. Regulation in the financial system
11. Protection of consumers of financial services
12. Monetary policy and credit control
13. Payment systems
14. Fintech

Nadotti L., Porzio C., Previati D. (2022), Economia degli Intermediari Finanziari, quarta edizione, McGraw-Hill Education.

The main contents of the course are:

1. The financial system, the real system and intermediation
2. Theories of financial intermediation
3. The typical risks of financial intermediation
4. Financial instruments
5. Financial markets
6. Credit intermediation
7. Securities brokerage
8. Insurance intermediation
9. Strategy and organization of financial intermediation activities
10. Regulation in the financial system
11. Protection of consumers of financial services
12. Monetary policy and credit control
13. Payment systems
14. Fintech

Nadotti, L., Porzio, C., Previati, D. Economia degli intermediari finanziari. McGraw-Hill, 4/ED (2022)

The course analyzes the main characteristics of business management and it is divided into didactic modules.
Themes related to enterprises and entrepreneurial aims (The enterprise and its role; The enterprise and its environment )are studied in depth in the first module. Business strategies and business development paths (Business strategy management; Competitive strategies and market analysis models; business development strategies) are analyzed in the second module. In the third module business functions and business operations management, with reference in particular to management techniques and assessment techniques of business efficiency (Production; Finance; Marketing; Management techniques and applications) are studied in depth.

Sciarelli S., (XII ed. 2022) La gestione dell’impresa. Tra teoria e pratica aziendale, CEDAM;

The course analyzes the main characteristics of business management, and it is divided into didactic modules. In the first module students will deep dive into themes related to enterprises and entrepreneurial aims: The enterprise and its role; The enterprise and its environment.. Business strategies and business development paths (Business strategy management; Competitive strategies and market analysis models; business development strategies) are analyzed in the second module. In the third module business functions and business operations management, with reference to management techniques and assessment techniques of business efficiency (Production; Finance; Marketing; Management techniques and applications).

For both attending and not-attending students:
 Sciarelli S., (XII ed. 2022) La gestione dell’impresa. Tra teoria e pratica aziendale, CEDAM; ALL except chapter 18.

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS EVALUATION
2.1 EVALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws in certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return on a financial transaction. Theory of financial equivalence laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuations of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

Three modules are scheduled.
Module I –Accounting, Basic
Review of basic corporate financial reports and disclosures that serve as inputs to valuation analysis.
Module II – Financial Statement Analysis
Analysis of financial ratios to measure financial risks and returns; analysis of financial disclosures to identify red flags of potential distress or earnings manipulation;
Module III – Financial Statement Analysis and Debt Sustainability
The module is divided into three interconnected sub-modules.
Sub-module A addresses the issue of capital structure, with reference to debt monitoring tools in the context of financial restructuring as well as post-restructuring alternatives.
Sub-module B analyzes the criteria and the new guidelines for assessing the creditworthiness of a company, focusing on the tools and techniques for analyzing company data as well as on alert indicators for monitoring company financial dynamics.
Sub-module C proposes an in-depth analysis on derivative instruments for hedging purposes in the financial statements of companies, taking into account the assessments necessary to verify their effectiveness. The valuation elements in the absence of listing on the markets as regards unlisted bonds are the subject of in-depth analysis.
Classroom exercises are planned.

Course material
E-Book to download from course website (Moodle)

Key reading list
Sutton T (last edition), Corporate Financial Accounting & Reporting, Prentice Hall
Damodaran A. (last edition), Damodaran on Valuation: Security Analysis for Investment and Corporate Finance, Wiley Finance
Tutino M., Ranciaro V. (2020), Innovation in Financial Restructuring. Focus on Signals, Processes and Tools, Sumy, Ukraine, Virtus Interpress

Introduction
Part One. The business analysis: indexes and flows
First Section. The financial statement ratio analysis
The logical and accounting process of the financial statements.
The financial statements: the purpose of ratio analysis
The reinterpretation of the balance sheet for the purpose of financial analysis / balance sheet
The reinterpretation of the income statement to profitability analysis purposes
The asset analysis of the aspect: the organic framework of the quotients of capital structure
The financial analysis of the aspect: the organic framework of financial ratios
The profitability analysis: the organic framework of the income ratios
The weighted ratios
Section Two. The analysis of financial flows
The funds flow
The statement of changes in total financial resources
The cash flow statement of changes in net working capital
The financial statements of the liquidity fluctuations

Part Two - The economic capital
Purposes and subject positions in the company's assessments
Direct methods of evaluation of the economic capital
Theoretical indirect methods of estimating
The simplified income methods
The balance sheet methods
The mixed evaluation 'methods'
Application

Recommended reading

Part One:
G. Paolucci, Analisi di bilancio e finanziaria. Logica, finalità e modalità applicative, Franco Angeli, quinta edizione, 2021 ( o in alternativa G. Ferrero – F. Dezzani – P. Pisoni – L. Puddu, Le analisi di bilancio – indici e flussi, Giuffrè).
F. Manni – A. Faccia, Financial Accounting, ARACNE, 2019.
Part Two:
G. Zanda. - M. Lacchini - T. Onesti, La valutazione delle aziende, Giappichelli.

The course, articulated in a single module, will cover the following topics:
1. The entrepreneur (of any kind).
2. The rules set forth for the commercial enterprises.
2. Companies and other business organizations.
4. The joint-stock company and the limited partnership by shares.
5. Transformation, merger and spin-off.
6. The co-operative companies, the consortia and the joint-ventures.
7. Entrepreneur’s auxiliaries; the establishment.
8. Debt securities and promissory notes.
9. Bankruptcy (general principles).

L. De Angelis (edited by), Diritto commerciale, Wolters Kluwers/Cedam, last edition.
pages 1-93
pages 125-134
pages 137-709
pages 777-828
pages 887-922


V. Buonocore (conceived by), Manuale di diritto commerciale, Torino, Giappichelli, last edition, 2020:
pages 7-63
pages 103-126
pages 163-180
pages 181-700
pages 985-1044
pages 1045-1074
pages 1150-1164

It’s recommended studying the subject with an updated Civil Code, comprehensive of connected laws.

Scope of the external auditing.
Preparing the work of auditing, the general auditing standards. Non Auditing services.
Internal control system: its nature, objectives and features. COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations) report model. The ERM (Enterprise Risk Management) framework: an integrated approach towards risk management.
ERM and ESG-related risks reports. The auditor among the other governance bodies in italian companies.
The legislative environment. Italian and international auditing standards. Annual report content according to Italian discipline. CONSOB statements.
Auditing methodology: process oriented approach. Internal control over financial reporting. The audit activity on the main company processes.
Significance and materiality.
Work charts.
Auditor responsibility. Audit procedures and evidences.
Audit quality.
Audit activity: it concerns.
Examples on the activity over main financial reporting accounts.
The audit report.
Fraud auditing .
Independence anc ethics.
Auditing in groups.
Audit in M&A.
Integrated reporting: the role of the auditors.

Supplementary and possible issue:
Non financial disclosure and the role of auditors

BOSONI E, FELLEGARA A., Manuale di revisione legale. Logiche e strumenti, Torino Giappichelli, 2020

More
Italian standard of Auditing: statements n. 200 – 210 – 220 – 240 – 250 – 250B – 260 – 265 – 300 – 315 – 320 – 330 – 402 – 450 – 500 – 501 – 510 – 520 – 530 – 540 – 550 – 560 – 570 – 580 – 600 – 610 – 620 – 700 – 701 – 702 – 705 – 706 – 710 – 720 – 720B – International Standard of Quality Control (Italy) ISQC1

Supplementary documents provided by the professor.

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, second edition, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale (second edition), CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting:
Paoloni M. (ed.), Paoloni M., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilità, second edition, CEDAM, 2023.

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021 (pp. 1-132; 163-172; 186-190)

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021 (pp. 1-132; 163-172; 186-190)

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets.
Numerical sets: natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.

2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.

3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.

4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).

5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.

6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.

7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).

8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability. Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.

9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).

10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

The legal system - The form of government - The system of sources - The constitutional level: the Constitution, the constitutional review laws and other constitutional laws - Constituted power and constituent power - Sources of primary level - The sources of secondary level - The sources of the European Union - The organization of the Parliament - The Government - The President of the Republic - The Constitutional Court - The Judiciary - Territorial autonomies - Public administration and administrative activity - Constitutional rights and freedoms

Exam for 9 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts:
CAP. I, §7
CAP. II, §§ 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, § 11
CAP. VII, § 7
CAP. IX, §§ 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. XII §§ 8, 9, 10 e 11.

Exam for 6 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts
CAP. I, §§ 7, 9 (escluse solo pp. 99-105) e 10
CAP. II, §§ 11 (escluse solo pp. 213-222), 13 (escluse solo pp. 239-243), 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 1, 2, 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, §§ 1 e 11
CAP. V, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VII, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VIII, §§ 3
CAP. IX, §§ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1, 4.1, 6 (escluse solo pp. 756-760) e 7
CAP. XII §§ 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11 e 12.

Order, Law, State. Subjective legal situations. Freedom rights and social rights. The right to protection of personal data. The principle of legality. The legal reserve. The sources of law. The division of responsibilities between the State and the Regions. Italy and the European Union. The organization of public authorities. Parliament and the legislative process. The forms of government. The Government in the Italian constitutional system. Public Administration. The president of the Republic. Independent administrative authorities. The general law on administrative proceedings. Acts and provisions of the public administration. The right of access to administrative documents. Public services. Public evidence procedures. Territorial autonomies and the rules of administrative action. Judicial protection of rights and interests. Constitutional justice. The CNEL, the State Council and the Court of Auditors

1) F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli ed.

as an alternative

T. Groppi – A. Simoncini, Introduzione allo studio del diritto pubblico e delle sue fonti, Giappichelli ed.

2) Lecture notes prepared by the professor and available in Formonline about legal sources of the administrative activities (Law no. 241 of 1990 and its institutes: The phases of the administrative procedure; The deadline for completing the proceedings; The justification for the provision; The person responsible for the procedure; The silence of the public administration; The participation of private individuals in the proceedings and the investigative means; Effectiveness and validity of administrative acts; The defects of the administrative act; etcetera)

The legal system - The form of government - The system of sources - The constitutional level: the Constitution, the constitutional review laws and other constitutional laws - Constituted power and constituent power - Sources of primary level - The sources of secondary level - The sources of the European Union - The organization of the Parliament - The Government - The President of the Republic - The Constitutional Court - The Judiciary - Territorial autonomies - Public administration and administrative activity - Constitutional rights and freedoms

Exam for 9 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts:
CAP. I, §7
CAP. II, §§ 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, § 11
CAP. VII, § 7
CAP. IX, §§ 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. XII §§ 8, 9, 10 e 11.

Exam for 6 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts
CAP. I, §§ 7, 9 (escluse solo pp. 99-105) e 10
CAP. II, §§ 11 (escluse solo pp. 213-222), 13 (escluse solo pp. 239-243), 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 1, 2, 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, §§ 1 e 11
CAP. V, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VII, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VIII, §§ 3
CAP. IX, §§ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1, 4.1, 6 (escluse solo pp. 756-760) e 7
CAP. XII §§ 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11 e 12.

Part I - National accounts
1. National accounts
2. Numbers of the economy
Part II - Macroeconomics (short run, closed economy)
3. Income-expenditure model in a closed economy
4. Money and financial markets
5. IS-LM model in a closed economy
Part III - Microeconomics
6. Consumption
7. Production and costs
8. Perfect competition
9. Monopoly
10. Monopolistic competition, oligopoly, introduction to game theory
11. Free competition and prices
12. Further topics in microeconomics: market failures, uncertainty, asymmetric information, antitrust policies, regulation of natural monopolies, network externalities
13. Labor market
14. Wages
Part V – Macroeconomics (medium and long run, closed economy)
15. Demand and supply policies
16. Inflation and unemployment
17. Recession, inflation, deflation
18. Economic growth
Part V – Open economy
19. Balance of payments and exchange rates
20. Income-expenditure model in an open economy
21. IS-LM model in an open economy
22. Exchange rates regimes, European Economic and Monetary Union

O. Blanchard, A. Amighini, F. Giavazzi, Macroeconomia, Il Mulino, last edition, ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20
R. H. Frank, Microeconomia, McGraw Hill Italia, last edition, ch. 3, 4, 6.2, 6.4.1, 6.4.2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6.1, 15.2, 15.7

The first part of the course is dedicated to the introduction of the fundamental notions of microeconomics analysis, understanding consumers’ and firms’ behaviour and the different types of market structures.
The second part of the course, concerning the study of macroeconomics, is dedicated to the analysis of the functioning of the economic system and economic aggregates such as output, consumption and investment expenditure, employment and inflation.

• Introduction: demand, supply and equilibrium
• Consumer theory: consumer constraints and choices, consumer and market demand
• Production technologies and firm costs
• Market structures: perfect and imperfect competition
• Markets and public intervention
• Introduction to macroeconomics and national accounting
• Unemployment, inflation, consumption and investment
• Financial system and markets
• The model of the multiplier
• The model AS-AD
• The model IS-LM
• Economic growth and development

P.A. Samuelson, W.D. Nordhaus, C.A. Bollino, ECONOMIA, McGraw-Hill, 21^ Edizione.
Additional teaching material prepared by the lecturer (e.g. slides, lecture notes, publications on scientific journals) will be available on the Moodle platform.

descriptive statistics
variables and their measurement
univariate distributions
describing data with tables and graphs
measures of position
variability

bivariate descriptive statistics
independence, association, correlation

probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables
sampling distributions

Inference:
estimation
hypothesis test

A. Agresti, B. Finlay
Statistical methods for the social sciences

Pearson International Edition - 4th edition 2009

Module I - The theory of financial statements

Introduction to the study of financial statements.
The basic functions of financial statements.
The nature of operating income and working capital.
The purposes that can be assigned to financial statements.
Relationship between income, valuation criteria and purposes of financial statements.
The purposes of the financial statements in the business doctrine: the "alpha" and "beta" purposes.

Module II - The Financial Statements in the Civil Code

The documents of the balance sheet - Structure and content (art. 2423-ter - 2425 Civil Code)
The general clause and the principles for drawing up the financial statements (articles 2423 - 2423-bis Civil Code)
Special valuation criteria (art. 2426 Civil Code)
Tangible fixed assets
Intangible fixed assets
Securities and Equity Investments
Receivables
Assets and liabilities in foreign currency
Inventories (Lifo, Fifo, Cmp)
Contract work in progress
The contents of the Explanatory Notes and the Management Report on Operations

Module III - Accounting

Closing entries, general closing and reopening of accounts
Fixed assets - Accounting based on amortization, depreciation, write-downs and reinstatement of value
Equity investments - Accounting with the historical cost method and equity method
Foreign currency transactions - Accounting treatment
Inventories and contract work in progress - Accounting treatment

Module IV - Fundamentals of financial statement analysis

Modules I e II: Tutino M. (2017), Bilancio e nuovi OIC, Cedam
Module III: Paoloni M., Celli M. (2012), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, Cedam.
Module IV: Paolucci G. (2016), Analisi di bilancio, Hoepli.

Teaching materials available to students on the course web pages

First Part
The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting
Second Part
Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.
Third Part
Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting
The Sustainability Reporting

T.R. Ittelson, Financial Statements, Careers Pr. Inc, 2022.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

An updated civil code and manual is required.
Among the manuals on the market it is recommend one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition

As an alternative to the manual, it is also possible to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.c

The course aims, first of all, to provide an overview of the role and the main functions of the financial system. The central part of the course is dedicated to an analysis of the technical characteristics and of the economic and management profiles of financial instruments and markets. Finally, the course presents the objectives as well as the organization and the behavioral models of financial intermediaries, also considering the role of regulation and supervision.
1. Real economy, financial system and financial intermediation
2. Theory of financial intermediation
3. Financial instruments
4. Financial markets
5. Banking
6. Investment services and asset management
7. Insurance
8. Payment systems
9. Risks in financial intermediation
10. Regulation and supervision
11. Monetary policy

Mishkin F.S., Eakins S.G. (2023), Financial Markets and Institutions, tenth edition, Pearson.

The main contents of the course are:

1. The financial system, the real system and intermediation
2. Theories of financial intermediation
3. The typical risks of financial intermediation
4. Financial instruments
5. Financial markets
6. Credit intermediation
7. Securities brokerage
8. Insurance intermediation
9. Strategy and organization of financial intermediation activities
10. Regulation in the financial system
11. Protection of consumers of financial services
12. Monetary policy and credit control
13. Payment systems
14. Fintech

Nadotti L., Porzio C., Previati D. (2022), Economia degli Intermediari Finanziari, quarta edizione, McGraw-Hill Education.

The course aims, first of all, to provide an overview of the role and the main functions of the financial system. The central part of the course is dedicated to an analysis of the technical characteristics and of the economic and management profiles of financial instruments and markets. Finally, the course presents the objectives as well as the organization and the behavioral models of financial intermediaries, also considering the role of regulation and supervision.
1. Real economy, financial system and financial intermediation
2. Theory of financial intermediation
3. Financial instruments
4. Financial markets
5. Banking
6. Investment services and asset management
7. Insurance
8. Payment systems
9. Risks in financial intermediation
10. Regulation and supervision
11. Monetary policy

Mishkin F.S., Eakins S.G. (2023), Financial Markets and Institutions, tenth edition, Pearson.

The course analyzes the main characteristics of business management and it is divided into didactic modules.
Themes related to enterprises and entrepreneurial aims (The enterprise and its role; The enterprise and its environment )are studied in depth in the first module. Business strategies and business development paths (Business strategy management; Competitive strategies and market analysis models; business development strategies) are analyzed in the second module. In the third module business functions and business operations management, with reference in particular to management techniques and assessment techniques of business efficiency (Production; Finance; Marketing; Management techniques and applications) are studied in depth.

Sciarelli S., (XII ed. 2022) La gestione dell’impresa. Tra teoria e pratica aziendale, CEDAM;

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS EVALUATION
2.1 EVALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws in certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return on a financial transaction. Theory of financial equivalence laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuations of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

The course, articulated in a single module, will cover the following topics:
1. The entrepreneur (of any kind).
2. The rules set forth for the commercial enterprises.
2. Companies and other business organizations.
4. The joint-stock company and the limited partnership by shares.
5. Transformation, merger and spin-off.
6. The co-operative companies, the consortia and the joint-ventures.
7. Entrepreneur’s auxiliaries; the establishment.
8. Debt securities and promissory notes.
9. Bankruptcy (general principles).

L. De Angelis (edited by), Diritto commerciale, Wolters Kluwers/Cedam, last edition.
pages 1-93
pages 125-134
pages 137-709
pages 777-828
pages 887-922


V. Buonocore (conceived by), Manuale di diritto commerciale, Torino, Giappichelli, last edition, 2020:
pages 7-63
pages 103-126
pages 163-180
pages 181-700
pages 985-1044
pages 1045-1074
pages 1150-1164

It’s recommended studying the subject with an updated Civil Code, comprehensive of connected laws.

The program can be divided in four modules.

Part I
· Government bonds and corporate bonds
· Yiled curve
· Evaluation, return and risk of bonds

Part II
· Evaluation, return and risk of equity shares
· Markowitz Portfolio Selection and Capital Asset Pricing Model

Part III
· Investment services and asset allocation
· Asset allocation strategies
· Performance evaluation in asset allocation

Part IV
· Financial derivatives: forward, future, swap, option
· Investment certificates

Bodie Z., Kane A., Marcus A. J. Essentials of investments, 10th Edition, Mc-Graw Hill (chapters 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,13,15,17,18)

Additional materials will be available in the course web page.

The most important topics of the course are as follows:

1. Business forms, separation between ownership and control, stock markets
2. Annual reports, balance sheet analysis and financial decision making
3. Net present value, the separation between consumption and investment, the law of one price, arbitrage
4. Time value of money, interest rates, cost of capital
5. Capital budgeting: cash flow estimation, DCF method, IRR, and alternative methods for valuing investments
6. Methods for estimating stock price
7. Risk measures: variance, volatility, covariance, correlation
8. Mean-variance models, portfolio diversification and the risk-return relationship
9. Capital asset pricing model (CAPM), beta and cost of capital
10. Capital structure and firm value in perfect markets (Modigliani and Miller theorems)
11. Debt and taxes
12. Bankruptcy costs, agency costs of debt and information asymmetries
13. Empirical evidence on capital structure choices
14. Weighted average cost of capital and adjusted present value (APV)
15. Capital budgeting with different capital structure policies

− Berk, J., DeMarzo, P., 2018. Finanza aziendale 1 - Fondamenti, Pearson, 4th edition, Chapters 1, 2, 3 (with Appendix), 4 (with Appendix), 5 (excluding Appendix), 7 (with Appendix), 8 (excluding section 8.5), 9 (with Appendix), 10, 11 (excluding Appendix), 12 (excluding section 12.4, with Appendix), 14, 15, 16, 18 (excluding section 18.4, with Appendix).

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, second edition, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale (second edition), CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting:
Paoloni M. (ed.), Paoloni M., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilità, second edition, CEDAM, 2023.

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021 (pp. 1-132; 163-172; 186-190)

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021 (pp. 1-132; 163-172; 186-190)

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets.
Numerical sets: natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.

2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.

3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.

4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).

5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.

6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.

7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).

8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability. Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.

9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).

10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

The legal system - The form of government - The system of sources - The constitutional level: the Constitution, the constitutional review laws and other constitutional laws - Constituted power and constituent power - Sources of primary level - The sources of secondary level - The sources of the European Union - The organization of the Parliament - The Government - The President of the Republic - The Constitutional Court - The Judiciary - Territorial autonomies - Public administration and administrative activity - Constitutional rights and freedoms

Exam for 9 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts:
CAP. I, §7
CAP. II, §§ 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, § 11
CAP. VII, § 7
CAP. IX, §§ 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. XII §§ 8, 9, 10 e 11.

Exam for 6 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts
CAP. I, §§ 7, 9 (escluse solo pp. 99-105) e 10
CAP. II, §§ 11 (escluse solo pp. 213-222), 13 (escluse solo pp. 239-243), 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 1, 2, 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, §§ 1 e 11
CAP. V, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VII, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VIII, §§ 3
CAP. IX, §§ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1, 4.1, 6 (escluse solo pp. 756-760) e 7
CAP. XII §§ 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11 e 12.

Order, Law, State. Subjective legal situations. Freedom rights and social rights. The right to protection of personal data. The principle of legality. The legal reserve. The sources of law. The division of responsibilities between the State and the Regions. Italy and the European Union. The organization of public authorities. Parliament and the legislative process. The forms of government. The Government in the Italian constitutional system. Public Administration. The president of the Republic. Independent administrative authorities. The general law on administrative proceedings. Acts and provisions of the public administration. The right of access to administrative documents. Public services. Public evidence procedures. Territorial autonomies and the rules of administrative action. Judicial protection of rights and interests. Constitutional justice. The CNEL, the State Council and the Court of Auditors

1) F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli ed.

as an alternative

T. Groppi – A. Simoncini, Introduzione allo studio del diritto pubblico e delle sue fonti, Giappichelli ed.

2) Lecture notes prepared by the professor and available in Formonline about legal sources of the administrative activities (Law no. 241 of 1990 and its institutes: The phases of the administrative procedure; The deadline for completing the proceedings; The justification for the provision; The person responsible for the procedure; The silence of the public administration; The participation of private individuals in the proceedings and the investigative means; Effectiveness and validity of administrative acts; The defects of the administrative act; etcetera)

The legal system - The form of government - The system of sources - The constitutional level: the Constitution, the constitutional review laws and other constitutional laws - Constituted power and constituent power - Sources of primary level - The sources of secondary level - The sources of the European Union - The organization of the Parliament - The Government - The President of the Republic - The Constitutional Court - The Judiciary - Territorial autonomies - Public administration and administrative activity - Constitutional rights and freedoms

Exam for 9 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts:
CAP. I, §7
CAP. II, §§ 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, § 11
CAP. VII, § 7
CAP. IX, §§ 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. XII §§ 8, 9, 10 e 11.

Exam for 6 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts
CAP. I, §§ 7, 9 (escluse solo pp. 99-105) e 10
CAP. II, §§ 11 (escluse solo pp. 213-222), 13 (escluse solo pp. 239-243), 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 1, 2, 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, §§ 1 e 11
CAP. V, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VII, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VIII, §§ 3
CAP. IX, §§ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1, 4.1, 6 (escluse solo pp. 756-760) e 7
CAP. XII §§ 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11 e 12.

Part I - National accounts
1. National accounts
2. Numbers of the economy
Part II - Macroeconomics (short run, closed economy)
3. Income-expenditure model in a closed economy
4. Money and financial markets
5. IS-LM model in a closed economy
Part III - Microeconomics
6. Consumption
7. Production and costs
8. Perfect competition
9. Monopoly
10. Monopolistic competition, oligopoly, introduction to game theory
11. Free competition and prices
12. Further topics in microeconomics: market failures, uncertainty, asymmetric information, antitrust policies, regulation of natural monopolies, network externalities
13. Labor market
14. Wages
Part V – Macroeconomics (medium and long run, closed economy)
15. Demand and supply policies
16. Inflation and unemployment
17. Recession, inflation, deflation
18. Economic growth
Part V – Open economy
19. Balance of payments and exchange rates
20. Income-expenditure model in an open economy
21. IS-LM model in an open economy
22. Exchange rates regimes, European Economic and Monetary Union

O. Blanchard, A. Amighini, F. Giavazzi, Macroeconomia, Il Mulino, last edition, ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20
R. H. Frank, Microeconomia, McGraw Hill Italia, last edition, ch. 3, 4, 6.2, 6.4.1, 6.4.2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6.1, 15.2, 15.7

The first part of the course is dedicated to the introduction of the fundamental notions of microeconomics analysis, understanding consumers’ and firms’ behaviour and the different types of market structures.
The second part of the course, concerning the study of macroeconomics, is dedicated to the analysis of the functioning of the economic system and economic aggregates such as output, consumption and investment expenditure, employment and inflation.

• Introduction: demand, supply and equilibrium
• Consumer theory: consumer constraints and choices, consumer and market demand
• Production technologies and firm costs
• Market structures: perfect and imperfect competition
• Markets and public intervention
• Introduction to macroeconomics and national accounting
• Unemployment, inflation, consumption and investment
• Financial system and markets
• The model of the multiplier
• The model AS-AD
• The model IS-LM
• Economic growth and development

P.A. Samuelson, W.D. Nordhaus, C.A. Bollino, ECONOMIA, McGraw-Hill, 21^ Edizione.
Additional teaching material prepared by the lecturer (e.g. slides, lecture notes, publications on scientific journals) will be available on the Moodle platform.

descriptive statistics
variables and their measurement
univariate distributions
describing data with tables and graphs
measures of position
variability

bivariate descriptive statistics
independence, association, correlation

probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables
sampling distributions

Inference:
estimation
hypothesis test

A. Agresti, B. Finlay
Statistical methods for the social sciences

Pearson International Edition - 4th edition 2009

Module I - The theory of financial statements

Introduction to the study of financial statements.
The basic functions of financial statements.
The nature of operating income and working capital.
The purposes that can be assigned to financial statements.
Relationship between income, valuation criteria and purposes of financial statements.
The purposes of the financial statements in the business doctrine: the "alpha" and "beta" purposes.

Module II - The Financial Statements in the Civil Code

The documents of the balance sheet - Structure and content (art. 2423-ter - 2425 Civil Code)
The general clause and the principles for drawing up the financial statements (articles 2423 - 2423-bis Civil Code)
Special valuation criteria (art. 2426 Civil Code)
Tangible fixed assets
Intangible fixed assets
Securities and Equity Investments
Receivables
Assets and liabilities in foreign currency
Inventories (Lifo, Fifo, Cmp)
Contract work in progress
The contents of the Explanatory Notes and the Management Report on Operations

Module III - Accounting

Closing entries, general closing and reopening of accounts
Fixed assets - Accounting based on amortization, depreciation, write-downs and reinstatement of value
Equity investments - Accounting with the historical cost method and equity method
Foreign currency transactions - Accounting treatment
Inventories and contract work in progress - Accounting treatment

Module IV - Fundamentals of financial statement analysis

Modules I e II: Tutino M. (2017), Bilancio e nuovi OIC, Cedam
Module III: Paoloni M., Celli M. (2012), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, Cedam.
Module IV: Paolucci G. (2016), Analisi di bilancio, Hoepli.

Teaching materials available to students on the course web pages

First Part
The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting
Second Part
Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.
Third Part
Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting
The Sustainability Reporting

T.R. Ittelson, Financial Statements, Careers Pr. Inc, 2022.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

An updated civil code and manual is required.
Among the manuals on the market it is recommend one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition

As an alternative to the manual, it is also possible to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.c

The course aims, first of all, to provide an overview of the role and the main functions of the financial system. The central part of the course is dedicated to an analysis of the technical characteristics and of the economic and management profiles of financial instruments and markets. Finally, the course presents the objectives as well as the organization and the behavioral models of financial intermediaries, also considering the role of regulation and supervision.
1. Real economy, financial system and financial intermediation
2. Theory of financial intermediation
3. Financial instruments
4. Financial markets
5. Banking
6. Investment services and asset management
7. Insurance
8. Payment systems
9. Risks in financial intermediation
10. Regulation and supervision
11. Monetary policy

Mishkin F.S., Eakins S.G. (2023), Financial Markets and Institutions, tenth edition, Pearson.

The main contents of the course are:

1. The financial system, the real system and intermediation
2. Theories of financial intermediation
3. The typical risks of financial intermediation
4. Financial instruments
5. Financial markets
6. Credit intermediation
7. Securities brokerage
8. Insurance intermediation
9. Strategy and organization of financial intermediation activities
10. Regulation in the financial system
11. Protection of consumers of financial services
12. Monetary policy and credit control
13. Payment systems
14. Fintech

Nadotti L., Porzio C., Previati D. (2022), Economia degli Intermediari Finanziari, quarta edizione, McGraw-Hill Education.

The course aims, first of all, to provide an overview of the role and the main functions of the financial system. The central part of the course is dedicated to an analysis of the technical characteristics and of the economic and management profiles of financial instruments and markets. Finally, the course presents the objectives as well as the organization and the behavioral models of financial intermediaries, also considering the role of regulation and supervision.
1. Real economy, financial system and financial intermediation
2. Theory of financial intermediation
3. Financial instruments
4. Financial markets
5. Banking
6. Investment services and asset management
7. Insurance
8. Payment systems
9. Risks in financial intermediation
10. Regulation and supervision
11. Monetary policy

Mishkin F.S., Eakins S.G. (2023), Financial Markets and Institutions, tenth edition, Pearson.

The course analyzes the main characteristics of business management and it is divided into didactic modules.
Themes related to enterprises and entrepreneurial aims (The enterprise and its role; The enterprise and its environment )are studied in depth in the first module. Business strategies and business development paths (Business strategy management; Competitive strategies and market analysis models; business development strategies) are analyzed in the second module. In the third module business functions and business operations management, with reference in particular to management techniques and assessment techniques of business efficiency (Production; Finance; Marketing; Management techniques and applications) are studied in depth.

Sciarelli S., (XII ed. 2022) La gestione dell’impresa. Tra teoria e pratica aziendale, CEDAM;

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS EVALUATION
2.1 EVALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws in certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return on a financial transaction. Theory of financial equivalence laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuations of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

The course, articulated in a single module, will cover the following topics:
1. The entrepreneur (of any kind).
2. The rules set forth for the commercial enterprises.
2. Companies and other business organizations.
4. The joint-stock company and the limited partnership by shares.
5. Transformation, merger and spin-off.
6. The co-operative companies, the consortia and the joint-ventures.
7. Entrepreneur’s auxiliaries; the establishment.
8. Debt securities and promissory notes.
9. Bankruptcy (general principles).

L. De Angelis (edited by), Diritto commerciale, Wolters Kluwers/Cedam, last edition.
pages 1-93
pages 125-134
pages 137-709
pages 777-828
pages 887-922


V. Buonocore (conceived by), Manuale di diritto commerciale, Torino, Giappichelli, last edition, 2020:
pages 7-63
pages 103-126
pages 163-180
pages 181-700
pages 985-1044
pages 1045-1074
pages 1150-1164

It’s recommended studying the subject with an updated Civil Code, comprehensive of connected laws.

Introduction to marketing and market orientation, context analysis, consumer behavior, demand segmentation, purchasing behavior of organizations, competitor analysis, marketing strategy: targeting, positioning and objectives , business strategy, product and service decisions, pricing, distribution and communication, digital marketing, sustainability in marketing, branding and digital marketing.

Donnelly, Peter, Pratesi, "Marketing" McGraw Hill 8th edition

Introduction to marketing management and market orientation, context analysis, consumer behavior, demand segmentation, business to business marketing, competitors analysis, marketing strategy: target, positioning and objectives, corporate strategy, decisions related to the product and service, price, distribution and communication, digital marketing, CRM, brand management and internationalization.

Peter, Donnelly, Pratesi, Marketing, McGraw Hill (most recent edition).

1. Introduction: the characteristics of the field of study and the specificities of "Business Organization"
2. The organizational literature: an outline of the history of organizational thought
3. The organizational design choices (organizational design): the levels of analysis and intervention
4. Work design choices
4.1 A theoretical study: the analysis and discussion of the theory of the Scientific Management by Frederick Taylor
4.2 The reassembly of the divided work: the job redesign approach and the socio-technical approach
4.3 The post-Fordist approaches: Human Relation; Human Resource; socio-technical approach
4.4 The new forms of work organization: Industry 4.0 and Flexible work arrangements
5. Human Resources Management
5.1 Phases, activities and methodologies
5.2 Actors of the HRM
5.3 The analysis of positions: tools and methods adopted in business practice
6. Work process design choices (inter-organizational relations): post-Fordism solutions and organizational techniques
7. Design choices of the organizational structure (business structure)
7.1 The problem of choosing the "formal configuration" of the organization: the origins of the topic in the literature
7.2 Traditional organizational structures: the functional structure, the divisional structure (the M form), the matrix structure.
7.3 The "post-Fordist" organizational structures: the process structure, the modular structure, the internal network.
7.4 Business groups and Holding companies8. Design choices of organizational boundaries
8.1 The problem of the "boundaries" of the firm: origins and evolution of the literature on the subject
8.2 Outsourcing choices
8.3. Alliances and collaboration agreements between companies (motivations and contractual forms)
8.4 Business networks (outline)

The textbook is under revision. Additional readings will be posted online at the beginning of the course

1. Introduction: the characteristics of the field of study and the specificities of "Business Organization"

2. The organizational literature: an outline of the history of organizational thought

3. The organizational design choices (organizational design): the levels of analysis and intervention

4. Decisions about for work design A theoretical study: the analysis and discussion of the theory of the Scientific Management by Frederick Taylor
4.2 The reassembly of the divided work: the job redesign approach and the socio-technical approach
4.3 The post-Fordist approaches: Human Relation; Human Resource; socio-technical approach
4.4 The new forms of work organization: Industry 4.0 and Flexible work arrangements

5. Human Resources Management
5.1 Phases, activities and methodologies
5.2 Actors of the HRM
5.3 The analysis of positions: tools and methods adopted in business practice

6. Work process design choices (inter-organizational relations): post-Fordism solutions and organizational techniques

7. Design choices of the organizational structure (business structure)
7.1 The problem of choosing the "formal configuration" of the organization: the origins of the topic in the literature
7.2 Traditional organizational structures: the functional structure, the divisional structure (the M form), the matrix structure.
7.3 The "post-Fordist" organizational structures: the process structure, the modular structure, the internal network.
7.4 Business groups and Holding companies

8. Design choices of organizational boundaries
8.1 The problem of the "boundaries" of the firm: origins and evolution of the literature on the subject
8.2 Outsourcing choices
8.3. Alliances and collaboration agreements between companies (motivations and contractual forms)
8.4 Business networks (outline)

Decastri M. (2016) Leggere le organizzazioni. Le teorie e i modelli per capire. Manuale di organizzazione aziendale
Textbook provided by the instructor

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORATE ORGANISATIONS
First part: BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).
3) Corporate funding: Assessment of financial needs. Corporate funding: equity and debt capital in their various forms. Funding through cash generation. The capital structure of the company; choice of cost-efficient financing options; the dynamic relationship between equity and debt capital. Short-term capital and long-term financing.
Second part: ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING
1) The accounting rationale. Nature of data to be examined. Methodologies. The corporate record-keeping system in a broad sense.
2) Accounting practice. Double-entry bookkeeping (definition). Double-entry bookkeeping applied to manufacturing companies. Bookkeeping entries for general business transactions, initiating joint-stock companies, particular transactions (wages and salaries, financial transactions, etc.), adjusting entries and year-end closing entries. Practical exercises in applying accounting record-keeping systems and measurement principles to business transactions.

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, second edition, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale (second edition), CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting:
Paoloni M. (ed.), Paoloni M., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilità, second edition, CEDAM, 2023.

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021 (pp. 1-132; 163-172; 186-190)

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

Part I: Business economics
1) The firm as an economic entity: General characteristics of the firm. Corporate entities: legal and economic identities. Types of firms.
2) The firm in its economic perspective: The enterprise as an individual economic undertaking: private enterprises and state-owned enterprises. The company’s purpose. Financial and economic stability as a prerequisite of a company’s existence. Economic stability and different types of economic operability. Payment for operating and production inputs used by enterprises. Corporate risk and who bears it. Income and profitability. Information Systems Governance and Internal controls (overview). Planning in business (overview).

Part II. Double-entry book-keeping under accrual accounting
1) Accounting as an information system
2) Accounting entries; double-entry book-keeping and its application to the determination of profit; recording purchases and sales; recording the payment and collection of money; recording the remuneration of labor; the closing entries

Part I: Business economics:
Paoloni M., Paoloni P. (eds.), Introduzione ed orientamento allo studio delle aziende, Giappichelli, 2021 (pp. 1-132; 163-172; 186-190)

Part II: Le rilevazioni in contabilità economico-patrimoniale:
Paoloni M., Celli, M. (eds.), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, CEDAM, 2020 (pp. 3-121; pp. 133-181; pp. 183-263; pp. 277-281; pp. 286-322; pp. 334-348; pp. 377-385; pp. 390-451)

To train in the esercises on double-entry bookkeping, business economics, and accounting: Paoloni M. (ed.), Mattei G., Paoloni N., Eserciziario di economia aziendale e contabilita’, CEDAM, 2018

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

GENERAL MATHEMATICS PROGRAM a.a 2024-2025
CHANNELS A-C e D-K

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.
http://disa.uniroma3.it/didattica/lauree-triennali/matematica-generale-n-o-ii-canale-d-k/

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets.
Numerical sets: natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.

2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.

3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.

4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).

5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.

6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.

7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).

8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability. Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.

9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).

10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

1) Logic, sets and numerical sets
Propositional logic. Propositions. Decidable propositions. Logical operations between propositions. Logical implication. Necessity, sufficiency and necessity and sufficiency. Truth tables. Theorem. Methods for proving a theorem. Sets. Operations between sets. Numerical sets:
natural numbers, relative numbers and rational numbers. Infimum and supremum of a numerical set. Irrationality of square root of 2 (with proof). Dedekind's axiom. The real numbers set. Real numbers and their representation on the straight line. Limited and non-limited sets. Maximum and minimum of a numerical set. Intervals and boundary of a point. Elements of line topology: isolated, boundary, internal and accumulation points. Open sets. Closed sets. A set is closed if and only if it contains all its accumulation points.
2) Sums
Definition of summation. Sum of the first natural n (with proof). Sum of the first n terms of a geometric progression (with proof). Summation properties.
3) Real functions of real variable
Real functions of real variable. The Cartesian plane and the graph of a function. Injective and surjective functions. Invertible functions. Even and odd functions. Increasing and decreasing functions. Link between monotony and injectivity. Inverse function. Inverse function graph. Elementary functions. Transformations of elementary functions. Compound function. Multi-law defined functions. Domain of a function.
4) Sequences and numerical series
Converging, diverging and indeterminate sequences. Limits of sequences. Definition of numerical series. Necessary condition for convergence
of a series (with proof). The character of the geometric series (with proof). Mengoli series and its value (with proof).
5) Limits of real functions of real variable
Definition of limits. Right-hand limit and left-hand limit. Vertical and horizontal asymptote. Oblique asymptote. Theorem on uniqueness of limit. (with proof). Theorems on sign permanence (with proof). Rational operations on limits. Indeterminate forms. Notable limits.
6) Infinites and infinitesimals
Definition of infinitesimal and infinite. Comparison between infinitesimal and infinite. Order of infinitesimal and infinite. Cancellation theorems (with proof). Order propagation.
7) Continuity
Definition of continuity in a point. Continuity in a set. Classification of discontinuity points. Continuity of elementary functions. Continuity
of the compound function. Continuity of functions defined by several laws. Theorem of zeros for continuous functions. Weierstrass's theorem. Darboux's theorem (with proof).
8) Differential calculus
Difference quotient. Derivative of a function in a point and its geometric meaning. Derivability implies continuity (with proof). Points of non-derivability.
Derivative function and derivatives of subsequent order. Derivative of elementary functions. The rules of derivation. Derivative of compound functions. De L’Hopital's theorem and its application to indeterminate forms. Taylor polynomial of order 1 and order 2 (with proof). The factorial of n. Taylor polynomial
of order n. Mc Laurin polynomial. Differential and its geometric meaning. First-order error theorem (with proof). Local maxima and minima. Fermat's theorem (with proof). Rolle's theorem (with proof). Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Corollaries to Lagrange's theorem (with proof). Relationship between the sign of the first derivative and the increasing / decreasing functions in an interval (with proof). Concavity and convexity in a point. Relationship between the sign of the second derivative and the convexity / concavity of a function in an interval (with proof). Flex points. Global concavity and convexity conditions.
9) Integral calculus
Primitive of a function. Indefinite integral. Properties of primitives (with proof). Property of the indefinite integral. Immediate indefinite integrals. Integration by parts (with proof). Area subtended by a curve. Superior and inferior integral sum. Definition of definited Riemann integral. Property
of the definite integral. Integral function. The integral mean value theorem (with proof). Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof). Corollary to Torricelli-Barrow's theorem (with proof).
10) Linear algebra
Vectors and their geometric representation. Product of a vector for a scalar. Vectors addition. The vector space Rn: Linear combination of
vectors. Linearly dependent and independent vectors. Matrices. Matrix addition. Matrix multiplication. Determinant of a matrix. Matrix
inverse. Uniqueness of the inverse matrix (with proof). Necessary condition for the existence of the inverse matrix (with proof). Sufficient condition for the existence of the inverse matrix. Transposed matrix. Rank of a matrix. Linear equation systems. Cramer's theorem. Rouché-Capelli theorem. Homogeneous systems. Parametric systems.

Carl P. Simon, Lawrence Blume, Mathematics for economists, W.W. Norton and Company, 2010.
Only: Chapter 2, Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Chapter 7, Appendix 4.

The legal system - The form of government - The system of sources - The constitutional level: the Constitution, the constitutional review laws and other constitutional laws - Constituted power and constituent power - Sources of primary level - The sources of secondary level - The sources of the European Union - The organization of the Parliament - The Government - The President of the Republic - The Constitutional Court - The Judiciary - Territorial autonomies - Public administration and administrative activity - Constitutional rights and freedoms

Exam for 9 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts:
CAP. I, §7
CAP. II, §§ 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, § 11
CAP. VII, § 7
CAP. IX, §§ 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. XII §§ 8, 9, 10 e 11.

Exam for 6 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts
CAP. I, §§ 7, 9 (escluse solo pp. 99-105) e 10
CAP. II, §§ 11 (escluse solo pp. 213-222), 13 (escluse solo pp. 239-243), 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 1, 2, 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, §§ 1 e 11
CAP. V, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VII, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VIII, §§ 3
CAP. IX, §§ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1, 4.1, 6 (escluse solo pp. 756-760) e 7
CAP. XII §§ 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11 e 12.

Order, Law, State. Subjective legal situations. Freedom rights and social rights. The right to protection of personal data. The principle of legality. The legal reserve. The sources of law. The division of responsibilities between the State and the Regions. Italy and the European Union. The organization of public authorities. Parliament and the legislative process. The forms of government. The Government in the Italian constitutional system. Public Administration. The president of the Republic. Independent administrative authorities. The general law on administrative proceedings. Acts and provisions of the public administration. The right of access to administrative documents. Public services. Public evidence procedures. Territorial autonomies and the rules of administrative action. Judicial protection of rights and interests. Constitutional justice. The CNEL, the State Council and the Court of Auditors

1) F. Modugno (a cura di), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli ed.

as an alternative

T. Groppi – A. Simoncini, Introduzione allo studio del diritto pubblico e delle sue fonti, Giappichelli ed.

2) Lecture notes prepared by the professor and available in Formonline about legal sources of the administrative activities (Law no. 241 of 1990 and its institutes: The phases of the administrative procedure; The deadline for completing the proceedings; The justification for the provision; The person responsible for the procedure; The silence of the public administration; The participation of private individuals in the proceedings and the investigative means; Effectiveness and validity of administrative acts; The defects of the administrative act; etcetera)

The legal system - The form of government - The system of sources - The constitutional level: the Constitution, the constitutional review laws and other constitutional laws - Constituted power and constituent power - Sources of primary level - The sources of secondary level - The sources of the European Union - The organization of the Parliament - The Government - The President of the Republic - The Constitutional Court - The Judiciary - Territorial autonomies - Public administration and administrative activity - Constitutional rights and freedoms

Exam for 9 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts:
CAP. I, §7
CAP. II, §§ 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, § 11
CAP. VII, § 7
CAP. IX, §§ 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. XII §§ 8, 9, 10 e 11.

Exam for 6 CFU
F. Modugno (edited by), Diritto pubblico, Giappichelli, Torino, VI edizione, 2023, excluding the following parts
CAP. I, §§ 7, 9 (escluse solo pp. 99-105) e 10
CAP. II, §§ 11 (escluse solo pp. 213-222), 13 (escluse solo pp. 239-243), 14, 15 e 16
CAP. III, §§ 1, 2, 3, 7 e 10
CAP. IV, §§ 1 e 11
CAP. V, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VII, §§ 1 e 7
CAP. VIII, §§ 3
CAP. IX, §§ 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9
CAP. X, §§ 7
CAP. XI, §§ 1, 4.1, 6 (escluse solo pp. 756-760) e 7
CAP. XII §§ 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11 e 12.

Part I - National accounts
1. National accounts
2. Numbers of the economy
Part II - Macroeconomics (short run, closed economy)
3. Income-expenditure model in a closed economy
4. Money and financial markets
5. IS-LM model in a closed economy
Part III - Microeconomics
6. Consumption
7. Production and costs
8. Perfect competition
9. Monopoly
10. Monopolistic competition, oligopoly, introduction to game theory
11. Free competition and prices
12. Further topics in microeconomics: market failures, uncertainty, asymmetric information, antitrust policies, regulation of natural monopolies, network externalities
13. Labor market
14. Wages
Part V – Macroeconomics (medium and long run, closed economy)
15. Demand and supply policies
16. Inflation and unemployment
17. Recession, inflation, deflation
18. Economic growth
Part V – Open economy
19. Balance of payments and exchange rates
20. Income-expenditure model in an open economy
21. IS-LM model in an open economy
22. Exchange rates regimes, European Economic and Monetary Union

O. Blanchard, A. Amighini, F. Giavazzi, Macroeconomia, Il Mulino, last edition, ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20
R. H. Frank, Microeconomia, McGraw Hill Italia, last edition, ch. 3, 4, 6.2, 6.4.1, 6.4.2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6.1, 15.2, 15.7

The first part of the course is dedicated to the introduction of the fundamental notions of microeconomics analysis, understanding consumers’ and firms’ behaviour and the different types of market structures.
The second part of the course, concerning the study of macroeconomics, is dedicated to the analysis of the functioning of the economic system and economic aggregates such as output, consumption and investment expenditure, employment and inflation.

• Introduction: demand, supply and equilibrium
• Consumer theory: consumer constraints and choices, consumer and market demand
• Production technologies and firm costs
• Market structures: perfect and imperfect competition
• Markets and public intervention
• Introduction to macroeconomics and national accounting
• Unemployment, inflation, consumption and investment
• Financial system and markets
• The model of the multiplier
• The model AS-AD
• The model IS-LM
• Economic growth and development

P.A. Samuelson, W.D. Nordhaus, C.A. Bollino, ECONOMIA, McGraw-Hill, 21^ Edizione.
Additional teaching material prepared by the lecturer (e.g. slides, lecture notes, publications on scientific journals) will be available on the Moodle platform.

descriptive statistics
variables and their measurement
univariate distributions
describing data with tables and graphs
measures of position
variability

bivariate descriptive statistics
independence, association, correlation

probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables
sampling distributions

Inference:
estimation
hypothesis test

A. Agresti, B. Finlay
Statistical methods for the social sciences

Pearson International Edition - 4th edition 2009

Module I - The theory of financial statements

Introduction to the study of financial statements.
The basic functions of financial statements.
The nature of operating income and working capital.
The purposes that can be assigned to financial statements.
Relationship between income, valuation criteria and purposes of financial statements.
The purposes of the financial statements in the business doctrine: the "alpha" and "beta" purposes.

Module II - The Financial Statements in the Civil Code

The documents of the balance sheet - Structure and content (art. 2423-ter - 2425 Civil Code)
The general clause and the principles for drawing up the financial statements (articles 2423 - 2423-bis Civil Code)
Special valuation criteria (art. 2426 Civil Code)
Tangible fixed assets
Intangible fixed assets
Securities and Equity Investments
Receivables
Assets and liabilities in foreign currency
Inventories (Lifo, Fifo, Cmp)
Contract work in progress
The contents of the Explanatory Notes and the Management Report on Operations

Module III - Accounting

Closing entries, general closing and reopening of accounts
Fixed assets - Accounting based on amortization, depreciation, write-downs and reinstatement of value
Equity investments - Accounting with the historical cost method and equity method
Foreign currency transactions - Accounting treatment
Inventories and contract work in progress - Accounting treatment

Module IV - Fundamentals of financial statement analysis

Modules I e II: Tutino M. (2017), Bilancio e nuovi OIC, Cedam
Module III: Paoloni M., Celli M. (2012), Introduzione alla contabilità generale, Cedam.
Module IV: Paolucci G. (2016), Analisi di bilancio, Hoepli.

Teaching materials available to students on the course web pages

First Part
The theory of Financial Reporting
Introduction
The goal of Financial Reporting
Capital and Income
Traditional Italian Theories on Income and Financial Reporting
Second Part
Introduction to Italian Accounting Standards and Laws on Financial Reporting
Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Cash Flows Statements and the Notes
The objective of general purpose financial reporting: the true and fair view
The exceptions to the application of the laws
The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information
The assets and liabilities measurement:
- Plants and equipment;
- The Depreciation process;
- The Impairment process;
- Intangible Assets;
- Goodwill;
- Interests in parent companies;
- Receivables and payables (expressed in Euro and in foreign currencies);
- Stocks;
- Financial Activities and Financial Derivatives.
Third Part
Financial Reporting for listed public companies.
The International Harmonisation of Accounting Standards
The Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting
The Sustainability Reporting

T.R. Ittelson, Financial Statements, Careers Pr. Inc, 2022.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

It is recommended to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.

As an alternative to the indicated texts, it is also possible to prepare the exam using an updated manual.
Among the manuals on the market, it is advisable one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition
In any case, it is essential to use an updated civil code.

The subject of the course is the system of private law as resulting from national (civil code and Constitution) and supranational (especially euro unitary) sources. The study, in particular, will include: sources of law - subjective juridical situations - natural persons and entities - assets, property, other real rights - obligations - legal transactions and contracts - family and mortis causa succession - protection of rights and non-contractual liability.

An updated civil code and manual is required.
Among the manuals on the market it is recommend one of:
- TORRENTE-SCHLESINGER, Manuale di diritto privato, Giuffrè, latest edition
- TRABUCCHI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Cedam, latest edition
- PERLINGIERI, Istituzioni di diritto civile, Esi, latest edition
- GAZZONI, Manuale di diritto privato, Esi, latest edition

As an alternative to the manual, it is also possible to prepare the exam with the combined study of the following texts:
- M. NUZZO, Introduzione alle scienze giuridiche. Norme - Soggetti - Attività, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2023
- F. MACIOCE, L’obbligazione e il contratto, 4ª ed., Giappichelli, 2021
- L. ROSSI CARLEO, E. BELLISARIO, V. CUFFARO, Famiglia e successioni. Le forme di circolazione della ricchezza familiare, 5ª ed., Giappichelli, 2022 (excluded the Eighth Chapter)
Moreover it is indispensable the use of an updated civil code.c

Technique and technology; Technical progress and economy; the evolution of technology. Technological innovation: definition, classification; main theories on technological innovation; Technological innovation and effects in the short, medium and long term. Research and innovation.
Industrial automation: meaning and historical evolution. The map of industrial automation: classification criteria. Market and development of industrial automation
technology and production organization: from the steam engine to the assembly line; from mechanization to lean production through rigid and flexible automation. The integrated system and the automated system.
Relationship between the organization of production processes and organization of work and company: traditional organization; enlarged; systemic; integrated.
Systems of coordination and control of company organization and current trends: from the hierarchical model to the holonic-virtual company.
Production processes: The new needs and the strategic parameters of production. Main kind of production processes: job shop process, batch, line and continuous.
Production cycles: technological, economic and environmental aspects.
Production management: Production plans. Demand forecasts. Project Management. Material management. Production control.
Production management techniques: The push and pull logic. The Just in Time logic and Lean Production. The MRP II system. The new production management models.
Quality: historical evolution; quality management and tools.

Greasley A., (2013), Operations Management, Third Edition, Wiley

Technique and technology; Technical progress and economy; the evolution of technology. Technological innovation: definition, classification; main theories on technological innovation; Technological innovation and effects in the short, medium and long term. Research and innovation.
Industrial automation: meaning and historical evolution. The map of industrial automation: classification criteria. Market and development of industrial automation
technology and production organization: from the steam engine to the assembly line; from mechanization to lean production through rigid and flexible automation. The integrated system and the automated system.
Relationship between the organization of production processes and organization of work and company: traditional organization; enlarged; systemic; integrated.
Systems of coordination and control of company organization and current trends: from the hierarchical model to the holonic-virtual company.
Production processes: The new needs and the strategic parameters of production. Main kind of production processes: job shop process, batch, line and continuous.
Production cycles: technological, economic and environmental aspects.
Production management: Production plans. Demand forecasts. Project Management. Material management. Production control.
Production management techniques: The push and pull logic. The Just in Time logic and Lean Production. The MRP II system. The new production management models.
Quality: historical evolution; quality management and tools.

Greasley A., (2013), Operations Management, Third Edition, Wiley

Technique and technology; Technical progress and economy; the evolution of technology. Technological innovation: definition, classification; main theories on technological innovation; Technological innovation and effects in the short, medium and long term. Research and innovation.
Industrial automation: meaning and historical evolution. The map of industrial automation: classification criteria. Market and development of industrial automation
technology and production organization: from the steam engine to the assembly line; from mechanization to lean production through rigid and flexible automation. The integrated system and the automated system.
Relationship between the organization of production processes and organization of work and company: traditional organization; enlarged; systemic; integrated.
Systems of coordination and control of company organization and current trends: from the hierarchical model to the holonic-virtual company.
Production processes: The new needs and the strategic parameters of production. Main kind of production processes: job shop process, batch, line and continuous.
Production cycles: technological, economic and environmental aspects.
Production management: Production plans. Demand forecasts. Project Management. Material management. Production control.
Production management techniques: The push and pull logic. The Just in Time logic and Lean Production. The MRP II system. The new production management models.
Quality: historical evolution; quality management and tools.

Greasley A., (2013), Operations Management, Third Edition, Wiley

• Integrated approach between economics and environment
• Sustainable development
• Environmental degradation and market failures
• The Coase's Theorem
• Environmental taxes and environmental standards
• Tradable permits
• Other policy instruments: environmental subsidies and liability
• Cost-benefit analysis
• Economics of climate change
• Economics of natural resources
• Economics of natural disasters
• Circular economy and the just and sustainable transition

Turner KR, Pearce DW, Bateman I (2003) Economia Ambientale, Il Mulino.

Additional teaching material prepared by the lecturer (e.g. slides, lecture notes, publications on scientific journals) will be available on the Moodle platform.

The course analyzes the main characteristics of business management and it is divided into didactic modules.
Themes related to enterprises and entrepreneurial aims (The enterprise and its role; The enterprise and its environment )are studied in depth in the first module. Business strategies and business development paths (Business strategy management; Competitive strategies and market analysis models; business development strategies) are analyzed in the second module. In the third module business functions and business operations management, with reference in particular to management techniques and assessment techniques of business efficiency (Production; Finance; Marketing; Management techniques and applications) are studied in depth.

Sciarelli S., (XII ed. 2022) La gestione dell’impresa. Tra teoria e pratica aziendale, CEDAM;

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS EVALUATION
2.1 EVALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws in certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return on a financial transaction. Theory of financial equivalence laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuations of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

1. PRELIMINARY CONCEPTS Money, time and risks. Present and future value, principal and interest. Contracts, exchange, prices. The risks.

2. FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL CONTRACTS VALUATION
2.1 VALUATION IN CERTAINTY CONDITIONS Financial laws under certainty conditions. The exponential law. Annuities and mortgages. Internal rate of return of a financial transaction. Theory of financial laws.
2.2 FINANCIAL OPERATIONS IN THE MARKET. Value function and market price. The term structure. Duration indices and variability indices. Arbitrage valuation of floating rate notes. Interest Rate Swap. Term structure measurement. Term structure evolution. Introduction to financial options. Basic elements on equity options. Basic elements on traditional life insurance contracts.

David G. Luenberger
Investment Science
Oxford University Press (any edition)

Annamaria Olivieri, Ermanno Pitacco
Introduction to Insurance Mathematics
Springer, 2011

The course, articulated in a single module, will cover the following topics:
1. The entrepreneur (of any kind).
2. The rules set forth for the commercial enterprises.
2. Companies and other business organizations.
4. The joint-stock company and the limited partnership by shares.
5. Transformation, merger and spin-off.
6. The co-operative companies, the consortia and the joint-ventures.
7. Entrepreneur’s auxiliaries; the establishment.
8. Debt securities and promissory notes.
9. Bankruptcy (general principles).

L. De Angelis (edited by), Diritto commerciale, Wolters Kluwers/Cedam, last edition.
pages 1-93
pages 125-134
pages 137-709
pages 777-828
pages 887-922


V. Buonocore (conceived by), Manuale di diritto commerciale, Torino, Giappichelli, last edition, 2020:
pages 7-63
pages 103-126
pages 163-180
pages 181-700
pages 985-1044
pages 1045-1074
pages 1150-1164

It’s recommended studying the subject with an updated Civil Code, comprehensive of connected laws.

Introduction to marketing and market orientation, context analysis, consumer behavior, demand segmentation, purchasing behavior of organizations, competitor analysis, marketing strategy: targeting, positioning and objectives , business strategy, product and service decisions, pricing, distribution and communication, digital marketing, sustainability in marketing, branding and digital marketing.

Donnelly, Peter, Pratesi, "Marketing" McGraw Hill 8th edition

Introduction to marketing management and market orientation, context analysis, consumer behavior, demand segmentation, business to business marketing, competitors analysis, marketing strategy: target, positioning and objectives, corporate strategy, decisions related to the product and service, price, distribution and communication, digital marketing, CRM, brand management and internationalization.

Peter, Donnelly, Pratesi, Marketing, McGraw Hill (most recent edition).

The Commodity, Certifications, Sustainability Indicators course aims to deal with the topic of "goods" on multiple levels of analysis and comparison, through the analysis of characterization and classification at an international, European and national level.
THE COURSE, FOR THE PURPOSE OF BETTER USE OF THE TEACHING, IS DIVIDED INTO TEACHING MODULE:
Module 1: RAW MATERIALS, DEMATERIALIZATION RESOURCES. INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF GOODS. CLASSIFICATION OF PRODUCTS. EUROPEAN UNION AND CUSTOMS REGULATIONS. DESTINATIONS AND CUSTOMS REGIMES. INTRODUCTION TO THE QUALITY OF GOODS AND ACCREDITATION SYSTEMS
Module 2: AGRI-FOOD SECTOR
EU AGRI-FOOD POLICIES. FOOD SECTOR: PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION IN ITALY. THE AGRI-FOOD CHAIN: TRACEABILITY AND TRACEABILITY OF THE PRODUCT. LABELING: BIRTH AND EVOLUTION OF THE REGULATION. QUALITY AND SAFETY IN THE FOOD SECTOR: HACCP. NAME AND PUBLIC BRANDS: TYPICAL LOCAL PRODUCTS. CAP AND FISCHER REFORM
Module 3: TEXTILE SECTOR
THE FASHION SYSTEM AND THE ITALIAN TEXTILE SECTOR. HIGH FASHION AND MADE IN ITALY. LABELING OF TEXTILE PRODUCTS. QUALITY AND MADE IN ITALY CERTIFICATIONS. INTERNATIONAL CERTIFICATIONS (GOTS, GRS, OEKO-TEX, ETC.)
Module 4: ENERGY SECTOR: ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABILITY. ENVIRONMENTAL COMPATIBILITY OBJECTIVES. LABELING OF ENERGY PRODUCTS. ENVIRONMENTAL DIGESTION SYSTEM (ISO 14001)
During the course, seminars, guided tours or participation in conferences or study days will be organised; some seminars may possibly be held in English. 

Balestrieri F., Marini D. (2007). Commercio Internazionale – Normativa Comunitaria e Procedure Doganali. Franco Angeli, Milano, pag. 93-115, 131-142.
Amodeo G.U., D’Ascenzo F. (2006). Classificazione delle merci e operazioni doganali. Aracne Editrice, Roma, pag. 27-78.
Buffagni, Burchi, Gallio, Tarabella, Varese “Consumatori e imprese: la disciplina delle informazioni sugli alimenti” Giappichelli Editore
Tola “Strategie, metodi e strumenti per lo sviluppo dei territori rurali” Franco Angeli
Capitolo 11 del libro “Management della qualità” di M.F. RenziE L. Cappelli
Del Signore A., Canfora M.Parte III “La qualità e la sicurezza nel settore alimentare” (2010), “La gestione della qualità”, Franco Angeli, Milano.
e.