Università Roma Tre

La prima parte del corso illustra il nesso tra tecnologia e affari internazionali nella storia e concettualizza il ruolo della tecnologia attraverso l’analisi di diversi approcci teorici, con particolare riferimento alla IT (Information Technology). La seconda parte del corso analizza come gli stati producono “potere tecnologico” e come competono a livello internazionale. Si sofferma anzitutto sul legame tra tecnologia e politica, ed in particolare sul concetto di “innovazione” ed “ecosistemi dell’innovazione”, nonché su quelle che sono le dimensioni fondamentali dell’innovazione in relazione alla natura della tecnologia moderna. Verrà inoltre illustrata la principale forma di competizione internazionale in ambito tecnologico, ovvero la definizione di standards.
Infine la terza parte del corso ha un carattere più empirico. Dopo aver analizzato alcune delle più importanti tecnologie emergenti (intelligenza artificiale, 5G e quantum computing) e le relative implicazioni per la sicurezza nazionale ed internazionale, il corso procede all’esame delle strategie attuate dall’Unione Europea per assicurarsi sovranità ed indipendenza, nonché per competere con altre potenze in tali settori e ad un esame di come tecnologie emergenti e innovazioni nel campo dell’intelligence sono state impiegate nelle fasi iniziali del conflitto legato all’invasione dell’Ucraina.

Programma

1. Introduzione: Lo studio della tecnologia e gli affari internazionali, approccio teorico e metodologia. Obiettivi e struttura del corso, modalità di valutazione, didattica, materiali.

2. La tecnologia nelle relazioni internazionali, elementi di base
John Krige & Kai Henrik Barth, ‘Science, Technology, and International Affairs’, Osiris, 21/1 (2006), Global Power Knowledge: Science and Technology in International Affairs, 1-21.
Stefan Fritsch, ‘Technology and Global Affairs’, International Studies Perspectives, 12/1 (February 2011), 27-45.

3. Tecnologia e relazioni internazionali: framework di analisi
Geoffrey Herrera, Technology and International Transformation (Albany: SUNY Press, 2006), 13-45.

4. Il cambiamento tecnologico ed il sistema internazionale
Daniel W. Drezner, ‘Technological Change and International Relations’, International Relations 33/2 (2019) 286–303.

5. Il Potere e la Tecnologia dell’Informazione
J.P. Singh, Information Technologies and The Changing Scope of Power and Governance (New York: SUNY Press, 2002).
James Lewis, Technology and Power, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2022.

6. Politica e Innovazione: Ecosistemi dell’Innovazione
Mark Zachary Taylor, An International Relations Theory of Technological Change (Working Paper July 2005).

7. Le Dimensioni dell’Innovazione
Andrea Gilli and Mauro Gilli, ‘Why China Has Not Caught Up Yet. Military-Technological Superiority and the Limits of Imitation, Reverse Engineering, and Cyber Espionage’, International Security 43/3 (Winter 2018/19), 141–189

8. Competizione: La Definizione di Standard Tecnologici
Walter Mattli & Tim Buthe, ‘Setting International Standards: Technological Rationality or Primacy of Power?’, World Politics 56/1 (2003), 1-42.

9. Competizione e uso dei Networks
Harry Farrell & Abraham Newman, ‘Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion’, International Security 44/1 (2019), 42-79.

10. La Competizione Invisibile: Intelligence e Conflitto nel Cyberspazio
‘Cyber Conflict as an Intelligence Contest’, Texas National Security Review September 17, 2020

11. 5G e sicurezza internazionale
James A. Lewis, How 5G Will Shape Innovation and Security A Primer (Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2018)

12. Artificial Intelligence e sicurezza internazionale
AA.VV. Artificial Intelligence and International Security (Washington DC: CNAS, 2018).
Congressional Research Service, Artificial Intelligence and National Security (November 2020).

13. UE
Ulrike Franke, José Ignacio Torreblanca, ‘Geo-Tech Politics: Why Technology Shapes European Power’, ECFR Policy Brief (July 2021).
EU Parliamentary Research Service, Key Enabling Technologies for Europe's Technological Sovereignty (Bruxelles: EUPRS, 2021).

14. UE
Francesca Ghiretti, Technological Competition: Can the EU Compete with China? (Roma: Istituto Affari Internazionali, 2021).
Jean-Pierre Darnis, The European Union between strategic autonomy and technological sovereignty: impasses and opportunities (Paris: Fondation pour la Recherche Strategique, 2021)

15. Le “medie potenze” digitali
Alice Pannier (ed.), “The Technology Policies of Digital Middle Powers”, Études de l’Ifri, Ifri, February 2023, 50-83.

16. Russia
Dominik P. Jankowski, “Russia and the Technological Race in an Era of Great Power Competition”, Center for Strategic and International Studies.

17. Caso Studio: Innovazione, Intelligence e la Guerra in Ucraina
Intelligence & War In Ukraine, War on the Rocks

18. Esame

John Krige & Kai Henrik Barth, ‘Science, Technology, and International Affairs’, Osiris, 21/1 (2006), Global Power Knowledge: Science and Technology in International Affairs, 1-21.
Stefan Fritsch, ‘Technology and Global Affairs’, International Studies Perspectives, 12/1 (February 2011), 27-45.
Geoffrey Herrera, Technology and International Transformation (Albany: SUNY Press, 2006), 13-45.
Daniel W. Drezner, ‘Technological Change and International Relations’, International Relations 33/2 (2019) 286–303.
J.P. Singh, Information Technologies and The Changing Scope of Power and Governance (New York: SUNY Press, 2002).
James Lewis, Technology and Power, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2022.
Mark Zachary Taylor, An International Relations Theory of Technological Change (Working Paper July 2005).
Andrea Gilli and Mauro Gilli, ‘Why China Has Not Caught Up Yet. Military-Technological Superiority and the Limits of Imitation, Reverse Engineering, and Cyber Espionage’, International Security 43/3 (Winter 2018/19), 141–189
Walter Mattli & Tim Buthe, ‘Setting International Standards: Technological Rationality or Primacy of Power?’, World Politics 56/1 (2003), 1-42.
Harry Farrell & Abraham Newman, ‘Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion’, International Security 44/1 (2019), 42-79.
‘Cyber Conflict as an Intelligence Contest’, Texas National Security Review September 17, 2020
James A. Lewis, How 5G Will Shape Innovation and Security A Primer (Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2018)
AA.VV. Artificial Intelligence and International Security (Washington DC: CNAS, 2018).
Congressional Research Service, Artificial Intelligence and National Security (November 2020).
Ulrike Franke, José Ignacio Torreblanca, ‘Geo-Tech Politics: Why Technology Shapes European Power’, ECFR Policy Brief (July 2021).
EU Parliamentary Research Service, Key Enabling Technologies for Europe's Technological Sovereignty (Bruxelles: EUPRS, 2021).
Francesca Ghiretti, Technological Competition: Can the EU Compete with China? (Roma: Istituto Affari Internazionali, 2021).
Jean-Pierre Darnis, The European Union between strategic autonomy and technological sovereignty: impasses and opportunities (Paris: Fondation pour la Recherche Strategique, 2021)
Alice Pannier (ed.), “The Technology Policies of Digital Middle Powers”, Études de l’Ifri, Ifri, February 2023, 50-83.
Dominik P. Jankowski, “Russia and the Technological Race in an Era of Great Power Competition”, Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Intelligence & War In Ukraine, War on the Rocks