Università Roma Tre

Short Program
The course deals with the regulation of the religious factor in European legal systems, starting from the analysis of the historical evolution of the forms of interaction between secular law and religious phenomena in the West. The analysis is addressed in particular to the Italian legal system, in a comparative perspective and in the context of the sources and jurisprudence of European institutions. It focuses on the role of religions in multicultural societies, sustainable development, social justice and peace..

Extended Program
Interactions between secular law and the religious phenomenon. The Religions of the Book
Historical evolution of the interactions between secular law and the religious phenomenon. From the Roman Empire to the Second Modernity - Law and religion in modern democratic systems. The different models of secularism. Italian secularism - The challenges of multicultural and globalised modernity. Social justice and peace. The intercultural approach. The multilevel protection of religious freedom. European institutions (Council of Europe and European Union). Formal sources. The role of the ECHR and the role of the CJUE.
Freedom of religion and conscience. The Italian system of protection. - Analysis of national and supra-national case law on the following topics - Protected behaviour (proselytism, freedom of expression, exercise of worship, change of belief) and valid limitations. - Religion in the public space (religious clothing, symbols) and in the public debate (right of criticism, hate speech, commercial use of the religious message) - Religion in the employment relationship - Religion in marital and family relations - The education of minors. Public interest in ‘religious’ education.
Institutional profiles of relations between the State and religious organisations in Italy. The pact system - The Concordat with the Catholic Church and relations between Italy and the Vatican State - Definition of religious confession - Religious body, structure and legal status. The Minister of Worship. - Agreements under Article 8 of the Constitution - Institutional profiles of Italian Islam. - Comparative profiles and European analysis of national and supra-national case law.

1. C. CARDIA, Principi di diritto ecclesiastico. Tradizione europea legislazione italiana, Torino, Giappichelli, 2019, with the exclusion of:
- 4, 8,10,17 of chapter. I
- dei paragrafi 7,8, 9, 12,13 of chapter III

2 . Supplementary reading

COMPULSORY SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS FOR STUDENTS NOT ATTENDING, recommended for attending students.

a. Mario Ricca, Una modesta proposta. Intese estese e libertà d’intendersi, in CALUMET, Intercultural law and humanities review, 2106, Parte I, pp. 1-16.
b. Francesco Alicino, Libertà religiosa, in La Corte di Strasburgo, a cura di M. Buffa, M.G. Civinini, Gli speciali di Questione Giustizia, 2019, 458-468.
c. Marcello Toscano, Il crocifisso ‘accomodato’. Considerazioni a prima lettura di Corte cass.,Sezioni Unite civili, n. 24414 del 2021, in Stato Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, Rivista telematica (www.statoechiese.it), fasc.18, 2021, 1-24.
d. Angelo Licastro, La questione del velo in azienda e le politiche di neutralità per la prevenzione dei conflitti ideologici tra i lavoratori, in Consulta OnLine, 14 dicembre 2022, 1-15.
(testi reperibili on-line e disponibili sulla piattaforma e learning riservata agli iscritti al corso).

SUPPLEMENTARY READING RECCOMENDED
1. Rita Benigni, L’equilibrio tra libertà religiosa e d’impresa nel quadro dell’integrazione europea e le prospettive di una tutela uniforme delle convinzioni del lavoratore, in Osservatorio Costituzionale, Fasc. 1/2022, 1-21
2. Rita Benigni, L’obiettivo 4 dell’agenda 2030 e le evoluzioni in corso nei sistemi di educazione religiosa scolastica in Europa, in Il diritto ecclesiastico, 2022, 581-602
3. David Durisotto, L’uso della tecnica del bilanciamento e dell’apprezzamento ragionevole delle Corti europee in materia di libertà di religione e di convinzione, in QDPE, 2024, 1, 155-168.
(testi reperibili on-line o attraverso il sistema bibliotecario di Ateneo; disponibili anche sulla piattaforma e learning riservata agli iscritti al corso).