Università Roma Tre

Basic concepts of social medicine and its relations with other medical and social disciplines. Definition of hygiene, health, determinants of health and disease, lifestyles, empowerment, health inequalities. Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention and health promotion.
Epidemiology: meaning, objectives and methods. Types of epidemiological studies and their role in the prevention and management of infectious diseases. Epidemiology of infectious diseases: sources of infections, modes of transmission of infections and environmental and individual conditions favoring their spread.
Health protection and risk factors. Genetic factors. Chemical, physical and biological factors. Main types of microorganisms and their biological characteristics. Microorganisms - host - environment relationship, concepts of infection and disease, the body's defense systems against disease.
The prevention and control of infectious diseases: concepts of natural and acquired, active and passive immunity. Vaccines: main types of vaccines and vaccination schedule in childhood. Immunoglobulins, passive and post-exposure immunoprophylaxis. Definitions of notification, isolation, disinfection, sterilization, disinfestation. Infectious risk prevention and control measures in child communities: the behavior of the educator (universal and specific standard precautions), child hygiene, hygiene of the objects used by the child, hygiene of the environments, criteria of expulsion and readmission in child communities.
Main infectious diseases of interest in childhood: prevalently airborne (measles, mumps, rubella, pertussis, chicken pox, meningitis), with main fecal-oral transmission (acute gastroenteritis, salmonellosis), transmissible by direct contact (conjunctivitis). Notes on infectious diseases with main parenteral transmission (Hepatitis B and AIDS). Notes on parasites of pediatric interest.
Non-infectious diseases of interest in childhood: diabetes, dental caries, food allergies and intolerances, childhood obesity. Multifactorial model of disease.
Other health risks: SIDS. Secondhand smoke. Domestic accidents: notions of first aid, reference health structures.
Nutrition hygiene: the main nutrients and food groups, indications for proper nutrition. Nursery feeding: natural and artificial breastfeeding, complementary feeding, feeding from 1 to 3 years, special diets. Food safety, conservation and control methods. Food poisoning
Specific Learning Disorders (SLD): main SLDs, their identification and available tools.
Occupational health and safety (legislative decree 81/2008 and subsequent amendments): basic concepts, reference figures and structures, main prevention measures and tools for risk assessment and control.

Reference texts
- Romano Spica V, Brandi G. Igiene, Educazione alla Salute e Sanità Pubblica. Quaderni Sanitari, Volume 5. Antonio Delfino Editore, Rome 2014.
- Didactic material provided by the teacher to deepen specific topics

Pamphlets and websites:
www.wikigiene.it
www.sanita.gov.it/temi
www.iss.it/epicentro