Università Roma Tre

Electromagnetic wave properties: wave propagation speed; plane wave, spherical wave, sinusoidal harmonic waves; frequency and wavelength of harmonic waves; amplitude of the electric and magnetic field in electromagnetic waves; energy carried by an e.m. and wave intensity. Definition of wavefront and optical ray. Classification of electromagnetic waves.
Conditions of validity and limits of the approximation of geometric optical optics.
Fermat's principle; concept of optical path; Snell's laws of reflection and refraction; total reflection. Dispersion of light in the prism; prismatic deviation angle; minimum deviation angle; thin prisms; dispersive power and Abbe's number of a medium; prisms with direct vision and achromatic prisms; prismatic power.
The formation of images in the approximation of geometric optics. Centered optical systems and their description as an ordered succession of diopters in refraction and / or reflection. Stigmatic and astigmatic optical systems. Light and power of an optical system.
Spherical mirrors and planes: law of conjugation, transversal enlargement; graphic construction of the image
Centered dioptric systems: Gauss approximation; the spherical diopter, the plane diopter, the thin and thick lenses, thin lens systems. Focal points and focal planes, Principal Points and Principal Planes, Nodal Points; the effective focal length, the focal length of the posterior vertex, the focal length of the anterior vertex; nominal power, equivalent power, Gulstrand formula, power of the posterior and anterior vertex; law of conjugation of Gauss and Newton, transversal magnification, longitudinal magnification; graphical construction of the image. Images of flat cylindrical lenses and prisms.

J. S. Walker: “Fondamenti di Fisica”
dispense del corso
Jurgen R. Meyer Arendt “Introduction to Classical and Modern
OPTICS” : Cap. 1 5