Università Roma Tre

La prima parte del corso illustra il nesso tra tecnologia e affari internazionali nella storia e concettualizza il ruolo della tecnologia attraverso l’analisi di diversi approcci teorici, con particolare riferimento alla IT (Information Technology). La seconda parte del corso analizza come gli stati producono “potere tecnologico” e come competono a livello internazionale. Si sofferma anzitutto sul legame tra tecnologia e politica, ed in particolare sul concetto di “innovazione” ed “ecosistemi dell’innovazione”, nonché su quelle che sono le dimensioni fondamentali dell’innovazione in relazione alla natura della tecnologia moderna. Verrà inoltre illustrata la principale forma di competizione internazionale in ambito tecnologico, ovvero la definizione di standards.
Infine la terza parte del corso ha un carattere più empirico. Dopo aver analizzato alcune delle più importanti tecnologie emergenti (intelligenza artificiale, 5G e quantum computing) e le relative implicazioni per la sicurezza nazionale ed internazionale, il corso procede all’esame delle strategie attuate dall’Unione Europea, gli Usa e la Cina per assicurarsi sovranità ed indipendenza, nonché per competere con altre potenze in tali settori.

Programma

Ia Settimana – Tecnologia e Politica Internazionale

1. Introduzione: Lo studio della tecnologia e gli affari internazionali, approccio teorico e metodologia. Obiettivi e struttura del corso, modalità di valutazione, didattica, materiali.

2. La tecnologia nelle relazioni internazionali, elementi di base
John Krige & Kai Henrik Barth, ‘Science, Technology, and International Affairs’, Osiris, 21/1 (2006), Global Power Knowledge: Science and Technology in International Affairs, 1-21.
Stefan Fritsch, ‘Technology and Global Affairs’, International Studies Perspectives, 12/1 (February 2011), 27-45.

IIa Settimana – Tecnologia e Teoria delle Relazioni Internazionali

3. Tecnologia e relazioni internazionali: framework di analisi
Geoffrey Herrera, Technology and International Transformation (Albany: SUNY Press, 2006), 13-45.

4. Tecnologia e relazioni internazionali: framework di analisi (II)
Johan Eriksson and Lindy Newlove, ‘Theorizing technology and IR’, in Giampiero Giacomello, Francesco N. Moro and Marco Valigi, Technology and International Relations: The New Frontier in Global Power (Elgar Publishing, 2021).

5. Il cambiamento tecnologico ed il sistema internazionale
Daniel W. Drezner, ‘Technological Change and International Relations’, International Relations 33/2 (2019) 286–303.
Sophie-Charlotte Fischer, Andrea Gilli and Mauro Gilli, ‘Technological Change and Grand Strategy’


IIIa Settimana – L’Innovazione nell’Era della Tecnologia IT

6. Focus: La Tecnologia IT
James N. Rosenau and J.P. Singh (eds.), Information Technologies and Global Politics. The Changing Scope of Power and Governance (New York: SUNY Press, 2002), 1-64.

7. Politica e Innovazione: Ecosistemi dell’Innovazione
Mark Zachary Taylor, An International Relations Theory of Technological Change (Working Paper July 2005).
Thomas, L. D. W., and E. Autio (2020), ‘Innovation ecosystems in management: An organizing typology’, In Oxford Encyclopedia of Business and Management. Oxford University

8. Dimensioni innovazione
Andrea Gilli and Mauro Gilli, ‘Why China Has Not Caught Up Yet. Military-Technological Superiority and the Limits of Imitation, Reverse Engineering, and Cyber Espionage’, International Security 43/3 (Winter 2018/19), 141–189

IVa Settimana – Competizione Tecnologica e Sicurezza Internazionale

9. Competizione: La Definizione di Standard Tecnologici
Walter Mattli & Tim Buthe, ‘Setting International Standards: Technological Rationality or Primacy of Power?’, World Politics 56/1 (2003), 1-42.

10. Competizione e Networks
Harry Farrell & Abraham Newman, ‘Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion’, International Security 44/1 (2019), 42-79.

11. Artificial Intelligence e sicurezza internazionale
AA.VV. Artificial Intelligence and International Security (Washington DC: CNAS, 2018).
Congressional Research Service, Artificial Intelligence and National Security (November 2020).

Va Settimana – Tecnologie Emergenti e Sicurezza Internazionale

12. 5G e sicurezza internazionale
James A. Lewis, How 5G Will Shape Innovation and Security A Primer (Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2018)

13. Quantum computing e Sicurezza Internazionale
Jon R. Lindsay, ‘Demystifying the Quantum Threat: Infrastructure, Institutions, and Intelligence Advantage’, Security Studies, 29/2 (2020), 335-361.

14. UE
Ulrike Franke, José Ignacio Torreblanca, ‘Geo-Tech Politics: Why Technology Shapes European Power’, ECFR Policy Brief (July 2021).

EU Parliamentary Research Service, Key Enabling Technologies for Europe's Technological Sovereignty (Bruxelles: EUPRS, 2021), XXX

VIa Settimana – Casi Studio

15. UE
Francesca Ghiretti, Technological Competition: Can the EU Compete with China? (Roma: Istituto Affari Internazionali, 2021).
Jean-Pierre Darnis, The European Union between strategic autonomy and technological sovereignty: impasses and opportunities (Paris: Fondation pour la Recherche Strategique, 2021)

16. USA
AA.VV., The Great Tech Rivalry: China vs the U.S (Cambridge: Harvard University’s Belfer Center for International Affairs, 2021).

17. China
Gregory C. Allen, Understanding China’s AI Strategy: Clues to Chinese Strategic Thinking on Artificial Intelligence and National Security (Washington DC: CNAS, 2019).

VIIa Settimana

18. Conclusioni

John Krige & Kai Henrik Barth, ‘Science, Technology, and International Affairs’, Osiris, 21/1 (2006), Global Power Knowledge: Science and Technology in International Affairs, 1-21.
Stefan Fritsch, ‘Technology and Global Affairs’, International Studies Perspectives, 12/1 (February 2011), 27-45.
Geoffrey Herrera, Technology and International Transformation (Albany: SUNY Press, 2006), 13-45.
Johan Eriksson and Lindy Newlove, ‘Theorizing technology and IR’, in Giampiero Giacomello, Francesco N. Moro and Marco Valigi, Technology and International Relations: The New Frontier in Global Power (Elgar Publishing, 2021).
Daniel W. Drezner, ‘Technological Change and International Relations’, International Relations 33/2 (2019) 286–303.
Sophie-Charlotte Fischer, Andrea Gilli and Mauro Gilli, ‘Technological Change and Grand Strategy’
James N. Rosenau and J.P. Singh (eds.), Information Technologies and Global Politics. The Changing Scope of Power and Governance (New York: SUNY Press, 2002), 1-64.
Mark Zachary Taylor, An International Relations Theory of Technological Change (Working Paper July 2005).
Thomas, L. D. W., and E. Autio (2020), ‘Innovation ecosystems in management: An organizing typology’, In Oxford Encyclopedia of Business and Management. Oxford University
Andrea Gilli and Mauro Gilli, ‘Why China Has Not Caught Up Yet. Military-Technological Superiority and the Limits of Imitation, Reverse Engineering, and Cyber Espionage’, International Security 43/3 (Winter 2018/19), 141–189
Walter Mattli & Tim Buthe, ‘Setting International Standards: Technological Rationality or Primacy of Power?’, World Politics 56/1 (2003), 1-42.
Harry Farrell & Abraham Newman, ‘Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion’, International Security 44/1 (2019), 42-79.
AA.VV. Artificial Intelligence and International Security (Washington DC: CNAS, 2018).
Congressional Research Service, Artificial Intelligence and National Security (November 2020).
James A. Lewis, How 5G Will Shape Innovation and Security A Primer (Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2018)
Jon R. Lindsay, ‘Demystifying the Quantum Threat: Infrastructure, Institutions, and Intelligence Advantage’, Security Studies, 29/2 (2020), 335-361.
Ulrike Franke, José Ignacio Torreblanca, ‘Geo-Tech Politics: Why Technology Shapes European Power’, ECFR Policy Brief (July 2021).
EU Parliamentary Research Service, Key Enabling Technologies for Europe's Technological Sovereignty (Bruxelles: EUPRS, 2021), XXX
Francesca Ghiretti, Technological Competition: Can the EU Compete with China? (Roma: Istituto Affari Internazionali, 2021).
Jean-Pierre Darnis, The European Union between strategic autonomy and technological sovereignty: impasses and opportunities (Paris: Fondation pour la Recherche Strategique, 2021)
AA.VV., The Great Tech Rivalry: China vs the U.S (Cambridge: Harvard University’s Belfer Center for International Affairs, 2021).
Gregory C. Allen, Understanding China’s AI Strategy: Clues to Chinese Strategic Thinking on Artificial Intelligence and National Security (Washington DC: CNAS, 2019).