Università Roma Tre

The course aims to make the student aware of the problem of architectural space, gradually building up the typological, structural and aesthetic connections that define its peculiar characteristics.
This process will be pursued through targeted lessons, readings of canonical examples and individual composition exercises that help to build a solid aesthetic awareness.

B. Zevi, Saper vedere l'architettura. Saggio sull'interpretazione spaziale dell'architettura, Torino, Einaudi, 1953.
L. Quaroni, Progettare un edificio. Otto lezioni di Architettura, Milano, Mazzotta, 1977.
P.O. Rossi, La costruzione del progetto architettonico, Bari, Editori Laterza, 1996.
H.Hertzberger, Lezioni di architettura, Bari, Editori Laterza, 1996.
L. Altarelli et al., Forme della composizione, Roma, Kappa, 1997.
G. Ponti, Amate l’architettura, Genova, Vitali e Ghianda, 1957, (ristampa in commercio: Milano, CUSL, 2004).

This is the first part of an annual architectural design laboratory, in this first semester with 6 credits, 4 of architectural and urban composition and design and 2 of structures.

In the first half of the year, the commitment is 50 hours, dedicated to lectures, architectural visits and practical exercises of model building, drawing and design.
The course contents are proposed and verified through lectures, exercises, educational visits, individual and collective reviews. The final exam mark takes into account all the activities carried out by the student during the course, the quality of the exercises is obviously crucial in assigning the mark itself. All processing of the work is done by hand, the use of the C.A.d.

Exercises

1-Topography (Individual)
Exercise with level curves to be played by model, is assigned a building volume of date size that must be housed on the ground by creating a digging, or a podium by land reconditioning and making an access path. Scale 1: 250
Area of ​​intervention 75m x 50m, altitude 10m, making curves with cardboard from 1mm (4 curves per 1 meter of altitude) serve 40 curves to absorb the difference in height.
The volume to be inserted is a generic residential volume of 5 m for 10 m, which can be inserted as shown in the examples shown, inserting it into the ground, creating a podium, lifting it on a pilot,
or by adopting hybrid solutions.

2-Redesign and reconstruction of an architecture (group 3 people)
Analysis, technical drawing and realization of a scale model 1: 100 or 1:50 of the following residences:

Le Corbusier, Villa Sarabhai, Ahmedabad, India, 1951
Alvar Aalto_Villa Mairea, Pori, Finlandia, 1938-1939
Luis Barragán, Casa a Pedregal, Città del Messico, 1947-1950
Alfredo Lambertucci, Casa Lambertucci, Lanuvio, 1973-1976
Frank Lloyd Wright, Jacobs House, Madison, USA, 1937
Marcel Breuer, Hooper House, Baltimore, USA, 1959
Adalberto Libera, Villa Malaparte, Capri, 1938-1943
Adolf Loos, Casa Moller, Vienna, 1928
José Antonio Coderch, Casa Rozes, Alto Ampurdán, Spagna 1960-1962
Roland Rainer, Casa Bösch, Hietzing, Vienna 1968-70
Roland Rainer Casa Unter Alten Baümen, Vienna, 1965-1966
Ronald Rainer, Casa a St. Margarethen, Burgenland, Austria 1968-1969
Glenn Murcutt, Fredericks House, New South Wales, Australia 1981-2002
Edouardo Souto de Moura, Casa a Moledo, Portogallo 1990-1991
Louis Kahn, Esherick House, Philadelphia, USA, 1959-1961

3-Building System (Individual)
Project of a small hut, up to 20 sqm, everywhere students want, in a place well known to the designer, using a single constructive system between:
reinforced concrete, brick, stone, wood, steel. Scale model 1:50, plants and sections in scale 1:50

4-Sketches and relief from true anthropometric (individual during visits)
Draw on a drawing book A5 sketches of travel, prospects, plants, sections, portraits, and assonometries, paying particular attention to the proportions of the spaces and architectural elements represented. Booklet to be delivered.

GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

L. BENEVOLO, Introduzione all’architettura, Bari 1960

G. FANELLI, R. GARGIANI, Il principio del rivestimento, Bari 1994

K. FRAMPTON, Tettonica e architettura, Milano 2000

H. HERTZBERGER, Lessons for students in architecture, Rotterdam 1991

LE CORBUSIER, Verso un architettura, Milano 1973

LE CORBUSIER, Une petite maison, Reggio Calabria 2004

M. MANIERI ELIA, Architettura e mentalità dal Classico al Neoclassico, Bari 1989

L. MIES VAN DER ROHE, Gli scritti e le parole, Milano 2010

L. QUARONI, Progettare un edificio, otto lezioni di architettura, Roma 1977

B. RUDOFSKY, Architecture without architects, New York 1964

F. VENEZIA, Che cos’è l’architettura, Milano 2011

J. UTZON, Idee di architettura. Scritti e conversazioni, Milano 2011

P. ZUMTHOR, Pensare Architettura, Milano 2003

P. ZUMTHOR, Atmosfere. Ambienti architettonici. Le cose che ci circondano, Milano 2007

Handbooks

A. Desplazes, Constructing architecture, materials processes structures, a handbook, Basel, 2005
E. Neufert, Enciclopedia pratica per progettare e costruire,
F. Cellini, Manualetto, Norme tecniche, costruttive e grafiche per lo svolgimento di una esercitazione progettuale sul tema della casa unifamiliare, Palermo, 1991
A.Zimmermann, Constructing landscape : materials, techniques, structural components Basel, 2011

The lessons will deal with the fundamental architectural topics: forms and compositional principles in art and architecture; compositional principles and spatial forms; architecture and place: settlement models; constructive systems and architectural figures; architecture and light; space, dimension and proportion.
The lessons will illustrate these themes also through a critical analysis of some works from the history of architecture, representing some archetypes and their evolution and hybridization.
Particular attention will be paid to the formation of the figurative culture needed to guide the design choices, so as to develop in the students the ability to manage the complexity of the project according to a conscious aesthetic and spatial thought.
The exercises proposed during the first semester will stimulate the student to immediately translate into design practice the theoretical notions acquired during the lessons.

Bruno Zevi, Saper vedere l’architettura. Saggio sull’interpretazione spaziale dell’architettura, Einaudi, Torino 1948
Gio Ponti, Amate l’architettura. L’architettura è un cristallo, Rizzoli, Milano 2015 [1° ed. 1957]
Robert Venturi, Complessità e contraddizione nell’architettura, Dedalo, Roma 1980 [1° ed. Complexity and contradiction in architecture, 1966]
Gaston Bachelard, La poetica dello spazio, Dedalo, Bari 1975
Ludovico Quaroni, Progettare un edificio. Otto lezioni di architettura, Kappa, Roma 2001 [1° ed. 1977]
Franco Purini, L’architettura didattica, Gangemi, Reggio Calabria 1980
Christian Norberg-Schulz, Il significato nell'architettura occidentale, Electa, Milano 1994
Franco Purini, Comporre l’architettura, Laterza, Roma-Bari 2000
Iñaki Ábalos, Il buon abitare. Pensare le case della modernità, Cristian Marinotti Edizioni, Milano, 2009
Francesco Venezia, Che cos’è l’architettura. Lezioni, conferenze e un intervento, Electa, Milano 2011

i. Introduction to basic aspects of the structural concept.
ii. A sketch of the fundamentals of Statics.
iii. Main features of the mechanical behaviour of the structural elements and their assemblage, and consequently of the global structural response.
iv. Some examples of both structural and architectural design choices, with a particular focus on common building materials.

G. Pizzetti, A.M. Zorgno Triscuoglio, "Principi statici e forme strutturali", Utet, 1980

The subject of this course is to show in a simple and intuitive manner, without loosing the rigor of a university course, which are the goals of structural design within the framework of the design of civil realizations.
Design is a multifold activity. In the case of structural design the fundamental task is to transfer loads to the foundations. Loads can be due to gravity but also to other natural actions in many cases external ones. This is the case of seismic action, wind and others.
The course intends to clarify the difference between the real problem to be solved: build the structure, and the instruments with whom we tackle and solve the design procedure.
Structural design is intended essentially as the solution to two main aspects: safety and functionality of the construction. However these former should be attained while respecting many other conditions imposed to the structures due to social functional aesthetic economic and others which contribute to the sustainability evaluation of the realization.
With reference to existing constructions taken as examples, the structure and its behavior is discussed. The physical interpretation of the behavior from the mechanical point of view is illustrated with reference to simple models. Alternative solutions are therefore discussed. First simple indications are given concerning definitions of structural elements in which a structure can usually be decomposed to simplify their structural conception. The whole structure as well as beams columns shear walls and stairs are therefore dealt with as well as of the different construction materials..
Finally the concept of the scale is discussed to present the representativeness of scaled models.

Reference texts and tutorial materials are given by the teacher during lessons.

Mario Salvadori (1998). Perchè gli edifici stanno in piedi. Strumenti Bompiani, collana diretta da Umberto Eco.

Basics of statics of rigid bodies: body, force, moment of a force, static balance.
Basics of mechanics of building materials: glossary.
Introduction to structural mechanics: bending and normal stresses in linear elements, shear force in walls or septa.
Structural elements and their behavior: joists, beams, pillars, frames, walls, reinforced concrete septa.
A focus on: overhangs, stairs, bracing.
Organization of buildings: frame, wall box, reinforced concrete septa, mixed structure.
Structural reading of twenty-one important houses in the history of architecture of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.

The reference text is being written. The class notes are sufficient, given that attendance at the course is compulsory.
The power point files of the lessons will be provided to the students.

i. Introduction to basic aspects of the structural concept.
ii. A sketch of the fundamentals of Statics.
iii. Main features of the mechanical behaviour of the structural elements and their assemblage, and consequently of the global structural response.
iv. Some examples of both structural and architectural design choices, with a particular focus on common building materials.

G. Pizzetti, A.M. Zorgno Triscuoglio, "Principi statici e forme strutturali", Utet, 1980

The subject of this course is to show in a simple and intuitive manner, without loosing the rigor of a university course, which are the goals of structural design within the framework of the design of civil realizations.
Design is a multifold activity. In the case of structural design the fundamental task is to transfer loads to the foundations. Loads can be due to gravity but also to other natural actions in many cases external ones. This is the case of seismic action, wind and others.
The course intends to clarify the difference between the real problem to be solved: build the structure, and the instruments with whom we tackle and solve the design procedure.
Structural design is intended essentially as the solution to two main aspects: safety and functionality of the construction. However these former should be attained while respecting many other conditions imposed to the structures due to social functional aesthetic economic and others which contribute to the sustainability evaluation of the realization.
With reference to existing constructions taken as examples, the structure and its behavior is discussed. The physical interpretation of the behavior from the mechanical point of view is illustrated with reference to simple models. Alternative solutions are therefore discussed. First simple indications are given concerning definitions of structural elements in which a structure can usually be decomposed to simplify their structural conception. The whole structure as well as beams columns shear walls and stairs are therefore dealt with as well as of the different construction materials..
Finally the concept of the scale is discussed to present the representativeness of scaled models.

Reference texts and tutorial materials are given by the teacher during lessons.

Mario Salvadori (1998). Perchè gli edifici stanno in piedi. Strumenti Bompiani, collana diretta da Umberto Eco.

Basics of statics of rigid bodies: body, force, moment of a force, static balance.
Basics of mechanics of building materials: glossary.
Introduction to structural mechanics: bending and normal stresses in linear elements, shear force in walls or septa.
Structural elements and their behavior: joists, beams, pillars, frames, walls, reinforced concrete septa.
A focus on: overhangs, stairs, bracing.
Organization of buildings: frame, wall box, reinforced concrete septa, mixed structure.
Structural reading of twenty-one important houses in the history of architecture of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.

The reference text is being written. The class notes are sufficient, given that attendance at the course is compulsory.
The power point files of the lessons will be provided to the students.