GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
(objectives)
THE GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY COURSE IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE A SOLID KNOWLEDGE BACKGROUND ON: 1) THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE PROKARYOTIC CELL; 2) THE MECHANISMS OF REPLICATION, EXCHANGE, RECOMBINATION AND EXPRESSION OF DNA IN BACTERIA; 3) THE NUTRITION, GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF BACTERIA; 4) THE STRUCTURAL, GENETIC, AND METABOLIC DIVERSITY IN BACTERIA; 5) THE ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS AND THE CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH;6) THE CONCEPT OF BACTERIAL SPECIES AND THE EVOLUTION AND THE TAXONOMY OF BACTERIA; 7) THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; 8) THE PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY OF BACTERIOPHAGES AND ANIMAL VIRUSES 9) THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BACTERIA, VIRUSES AND HIGHER ORGANISMS.
|
Code
|
20401820 |
Language
|
ITA |
Type of certificate
|
Profit certificate
|
Module:
(objectives)
THE GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY COURSE IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE A SOLID KNOWLEDGE BACKGROUND ON: 1) THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE PROKARYOTIC CELL; 2) THE MECHANISMS OF REPLICATION, EXCHANGE, RECOMBINATION AND EXPRESSION OF DNA IN BACTERIA; 3) THE NUTRITION, GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF BACTERIA; 4) THE STRUCTURAL, GENETIC, AND METABOLIC DIVERSITY IN BACTERIA; 5) THE ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS AND THE CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH;6) THE CONCEPT OF BACTERIAL SPECIES AND THE EVOLUTION AND THE TAXONOMY OF BACTERIA; 7) THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; 8) THE PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY OF BACTERIOPHAGES AND ANIMAL VIRUSES 9) THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BACTERIA, VIRUSES AND HIGHER ORGANISMS.
|
Code
|
20401820-3 |
Language
|
ITA |
Type of certificate
|
Profit certificate
|
Credits
|
6
|
Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
|
BIO/19
|
Contact Hours
|
48
|
Type of Activity
|
Basic compulsory activities
|
Teacher
|
IMPERI FRANCESCO
(syllabus)
Introduction to and history of Microbiology (4 hours) Functional diversity and distribution of microorganisms, main discoveries in the microbiology field, present and future biotechnological applications of microorganisms.
Structure and functions of bacterial cells (20 hours) Structure of the prokaryotic cell. Cell division: binary fission. Cytoplasm, cytoplasmic inclusions and sub-cellular organelles. Cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall in Bacteria and Archaea. Mechanisms involved in protein secretion and cell wall biogenesis. Surface appendages: flagella and pili. Bacterial motility and chemotaxis. Cell differentiation in bacteria and sporulation. Microbial communities: biofilms. Bacterial metabolism: chemoorganotrophs, chemolithotrophs and phototrophs. Bacterial cultures and methods for bacterial cell count. Antibiotics: activity and mechanisms of action. Evolution and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
Bacterial genetics and regulation of gene expression (8 hours) Structure of the bacterial genome. Operons. Pangenome of bacterial species. Mobile genetic elements: plasmids and transposable elements. Horizontal gene transfer: transformation, conjugation, transduction. Structure-function of bacterial RNA polymerase. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Examples of global regulators: catabolite repression and quorum sensing.
Principles of virology (4 hours) Structure of viruses. Life cycles of bacteriophages. Genomes and replication strategies of bacteriophages. Regulation of viral genes. Specialized transduction.
Principles of bacterial taxonomy (4 hours) The concept of bacterial species. Bacterial identification: culture- and molecular-based approaches. Molecular clocks and phylogenetic analysis. Characterization of complex microbial communities.
(reference books)
Title: Brock. Biology of microorganisms Authors: Madigan, Martinko Editor: Pearson
|
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
|
From to |
Delivery mode
|
Traditional
|
Attendance
|
not mandatory
|
Evaluation methods
|
Oral exam
|
Teacher
|
AFFABRIS ELISABETTA
(syllabus)
Replicative cycle of three different positive ssRNA viruses compared: poliovirus, hepatitis C virus, phage Qβ or MS2 (examples of Baltimore class IV viruses) The vesicular stomatitis virus and the flu virus in comparison (examples of Baltimore class V viruses) Retroviruses (examples of Baltimore class VI viruses): oncogenic retroviruses and the AIDS virus. Because the hepatitis B virus (Baltimore class VII) is called an upside down retrovirus. Antimicrobial vaccines (the story: Jenner and smallpox, Pasteur and rabies, examples of anti-viral and antibacterial vaccines of today: anti-tetanus, polio, anti-pertussis, anti-hepatitis B, anti-HPV, anti-flu, anti- meningococcus)
(reference books)
Use PDF files of lessons and exercise present in the Moodle platform and the following textbook: N. J. Dimmock, A. J. Easton, K. N. Leppard - Introduction to Modern Virology - Seventh edition 2016 -Wiley Blackwell - ISBN 978-1-119-97810-7 or later editions. Consult the web site viralzone.expasy.org.
|
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
|
From to |
Delivery mode
|
At a distance
|
Attendance
|
not mandatory
|
Evaluation methods
|
Oral exam
|
|
|
Module:
(objectives)
THE GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY COURSE IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE A SOLID KNOWLEDGE BACKGROUND ON: 1) THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE PROKARYOTIC CELL; 2) THE MECHANISMS OF REPLICATION, EXCHANGE, RECOMBINATION AND EXPRESSION OF DNA IN BACTERIA; 3) THE NUTRITION, GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF BACTERIA; 4) THE STRUCTURAL, GENETIC, AND METABOLIC DIVERSITY IN BACTERIA; 5) THE ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS AND THE CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH;6) THE CONCEPT OF BACTERIAL SPECIES AND THE EVOLUTION AND THE TAXONOMY OF BACTERIA; 7) THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; 8) THE PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY OF BACTERIOPHAGES AND ANIMAL VIRUSES 9) THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BACTERIA, VIRUSES AND HIGHER ORGANISMS.
|
Code
|
20401820-2 |
Language
|
ITA |
Type of certificate
|
Profit certificate
|
Credits
|
2
|
Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
|
BIO/19
|
Contact Hours
|
16
|
Type of Activity
|
Core compulsory activities
|
Teacher
|
AFFABRIS ELISABETTA
(syllabus)
What are viruses and how do they replicate. Types of capsids and their function, types of genomes and phases of the viral multiplication cycle. Definition of viral and quasi-species and introduction to viral taxonomy Acute, latent and persistent infections: definition and examples David Baltimore's breakdown of viruses into 7 replication classes and the differences between classes. Virus titration, cultivation and isolation methodologies Antibodies: structure and function, monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, use in microbiology The definition of serotype and genotype and methods used to define them (neutralization test and genome sequencing) Attack mechanisms and viral penetration The size of the viral genomes and their distinctive characteristics compared to the cellular genomes Genetic variability in DNA and RNA viruses in comparison. The host's restriction against phage infections. Introduction to innate antimicrobial immunity and PAMPs, induction of type I interferons and introduction to the mechanism of action. Notes on the humoral and cell adaptive immune response against microbial infections: role of B, Tc and Th lymphocytes; differences between primary and secondary response to infections Comparative replication cycle of DNA phages (T4 phage, lambda, Mu and M13 as examples of Baltimore class I and II phages. SV40 and human papillomaviruses, two small dsDNA animal viruses (examples of Baltimore class I animal viruses): replication cycle, definition of host and permissive and non-permissive cells, promotion of oncogenesis.
(reference books)
Use PDF files of lessons and exercise present in the Moodle platform and the following textbook: N. J. Dimmock, A. J. Easton, K. N. Leppard - Introduction to Modern Virology - Seventh edition 2016 -Wiley Blackwell - ISBN 978-1-119-97810-7 or later editions. Consult the web site viralzone.expasy.org.
|
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
|
From to |
Delivery mode
|
Traditional
At a distance
|
Attendance
|
not mandatory
|
Evaluation methods
|
Oral exam
|
|
|
Module:
(objectives)
THE GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY COURSE IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE A SOLID KNOWLEDGE BACKGROUND ON: 1) THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE PROKARYOTIC CELL; 2) THE MECHANISMS OF REPLICATION, EXCHANGE, RECOMBINATION AND EXPRESSION OF DNA IN BACTERIA; 3) THE NUTRITION, GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF BACTERIA; 4) THE STRUCTURAL, GENETIC, AND METABOLIC DIVERSITY IN BACTERIA; 5) THE ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS AND THE CONTROL OF MICROBIAL GROWTH;6) THE CONCEPT OF BACTERIAL SPECIES AND THE EVOLUTION AND THE TAXONOMY OF BACTERIA; 7) THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; 8) THE PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR VIROLOGY OF BACTERIOPHAGES AND ANIMAL VIRUSES 9) THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BACTERIA, VIRUSES AND HIGHER ORGANISMS.
|
Code
|
20401820-1 |
Language
|
ITA |
Type of certificate
|
Profit certificate
|
Credits
|
1
|
Scientific Disciplinary Sector Code
|
BIO/19
|
Contact Hours
|
-
|
Laboratory Hours
|
10
|
Type of Activity
|
Core compulsory activities
|
Teacher
|
IMPERI FRANCESCO
(syllabus)
Laboratory practice: - Gram staining - Viable cell count by plating assays - Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of antibiotics - Antibiogram (Kirby-Bauer assays)
(reference books)
Title: Brock. Biology of microorganisms Authors: Madigan, Martinko Editor: Pearson
|
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
|
From to |
Delivery mode
|
Traditional
|
Attendance
|
not mandatory
|
Evaluation methods
|
Oral exam
|
Teacher
|
AFFABRIS ELISABETTA
(syllabus)
practical laboratory exercises: 1. introduction to animal cell cultures 2. hemagglutination test as a titration or serological identification test
(reference books)
didactic material is provided during the exercises
|
Dates of beginning and end of teaching activities
|
From to |
Delivery mode
|
Traditional
At a distance
|
Attendance
|
not mandatory
|
|
|
|