Università Roma Tre

Hazard and risk applied to volcanoes: concepts, history, perspectives. Deterministic and probabilistic approach on the short-, medium- and long-term. Volcano monitoring systems. Volcanic unrest. Eruptive and reference scenarios. Elicitations. Build up of the event-tree.
Hazard related to effusive activity (lava flows, domes, lava fountains, strombolian activity). Hazard related to explosive eruptions (pyroclastic flows, fall deposits, ash plumes, climate changes). Mobilization of volcanic products (lahars). Hazard related to sector collapses and related tsunamis. Hazard from gas emission. Seismic hazard in volcanic areas. Integrate approach and multi-hazard analysis.
Basic principles to evaluate the volcanic risk (vulnerability and exposure; evacuations, resilience, dissemination). Volcanic risk in the Civil Protection.
Examples of definition of the volcanic hazard at the main active Italian volcanoes (Etna, Stromboli, Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei).

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