Università Roma Tre

• Machines and Heat exchangers: Classifications;
• State functions and process-dependent entities. Equations of state;
• Fundamental laws of thermodynamics: conservation, equivalence and evolution of a thermodynamic system;
• Energy conservation;
• Irreversible processes;
• Thermodynamic processes and diagrams. Relevant thermodynamic processes (e.g. isentropic, polytropic, isothermal, isobaric, isochoric processes)
• Compression and expansion processes: adiabatic processes, intercooled compression, re-heated expansion)
• Thermodynamic laws applied to the analysis of energy conversion systems: relevant case studies
• Combustion processes
- Combustion: generalities;
- Combustion at constant volume;
- Combustion at constant pressure for open and closed systems.
• Thermodynamic cycles and periodical processes
- Ideal, limit and real cycles;
- Direct and inverse cycles;
- Performance of thermodynamic cycles: power, efficiency, COP and other relevant indexes
- Relevant cycles: Brayton/Joule, Rankine, Hirn, Stirling, Ericsson, Beau de Rochas, Diesel, Sabathé)
- Combined cycles
- Periodical processes and related diagrams

• Introduction to applied fluid-dynamics:
- Control volume analysis;
- 1D, 2D and 3D analyses;
• Conservation of mass, momentum and energy. The entropy.
• The effect of fluid viscosity and compressibility:
• Definition of Mach Number and equations for gasses in terms of Mach Number;
• Subsonic, transonic and supersonic flows;
• Fanno Flow;
• Rayleigh Flow;
• Varying-area isentropic flows: Hugoniot equations for nozzles and diffusers;
• Converging-diverging nozzles;
• Nozzles, diffusers and converging-diverging nozzles in real conditions.
• Evaluation of thrust, work, power and efficiency in simple cases.
• Cavitation in hydraulic machines: generalities, Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH),
• Relevant applications for energy conversion and propulsion systems
• Cavitation: generalities, Net Positive Suction Head available and required
• Relevant cases in hydraulic plants

• L. Borel, D. Favrat, "Thermodynamics and Energy Systems Analysis", EPFL Press, 2010, ISBN 978-2-940222-45-2
• R. D. Zucker, O. Biblarz, “Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics”, Ed. Jhon Wiley & Sons, 2002, ISBN 0-471-05967-6