Università Roma Tre

The Course focuses on the basic concepts of Modern Cosmology and its link with Astrophyisics. The goal is to provide a coherent, up-to-date picture of this subject from both a theoretical and observational viewpoint. - Fundamental observations in Astrophysics and Cosmology: the sky in different energy bands. Photometry and spectroscopy. Cosmic Structures: galaxies, groups, clusters and the cosmic web. The global Hubble expansion. The cosmic microwave background. The intergalactic medium and the abundance of "metals". Indirect evidence for a Dark Matter component. Accelerated expansion of the universe and the Dark Energy problem. - General relativity in a nutshell: Space-Time. Distances. Horizons. Field Equations. Metrics. Schwarzschild metric. The Cosmological Principle and the Fredmann-Robertson-Walker metric. The Black Hole concept. Rotating Black holes. Gravitational waves. T he Cosmological Principle and the Fredmann-Robertson-Walker metric. Friedman Equations. Newtonian limit. - The Standard Cosmological Model: Olber's paradox. Redshift. Cosmological Horizons. Co-moving coordinates and proper distance. Luminosity Distance. Angular diameter distance. Observational tests: Hubble test, angular diameter test, number counts. Ideal fluids relevant in Cosmology: equation of state and mean density evolution. Solutions to the Friedman Equation. The equivalence epoch. Einstein - de Sitter model. Curved models. Models with cosmological constant. Thermal history of the universe: Decoupling. Recombination. matter-Antimatter and the baryon asymmetry. Planck Epoch and quantum gravity. Hadronic Epoch. Leptonic Epoch. Radiative epoch. Neutrino decoupling. Cosmological Nucleosynthesis. Matter epoch. First objects. Re-ionization. - Beyond the standard model: Horizon paradox. Flatness paradox. Inflationary solution. Cosmic inflation. Inhomogeneity and anisotropy. Jeans gravitational instability and the the growth of cosmic structures.

(Coles P., Lucchin F. )Cosmology [Wiley 2000]
(Liddle )"An introduction to modern Cosmology" [Wiley]
(Dispense del corso)Dispense del corso []
(Kolb e Turner)" The Early Universe" [Ed. Adison Wesley]
(S. M. Carroll)Spacetime and Geometry: an Introduction to General Relativity [Addison-Wesley]
(Raine, D., Edwin, T.)Black Holes" an introduction [Imperial College Press]