Università Roma Tre

1) in sintesi:
a starting from systematic knowledge on the chemical-physical characteristics of the main materials that can be used in construction (ceramic, metal, organic, natural and synthetic) and on their transformative possibilities in semi-finished products, components and structural systems, the student will critically investigate the most appropriate use and economically congruent at:
- configuration of the architectural image of the buildings;
- construction of their spatialities;
- optimization of their environmental qualities.
This starts from the study of simple examples of architectures - contemporary and non-contemporary - selected in order to allow effective critical connections between the conformation of their tectonic system and the construction solutions that allow the connection of their functional parts throughout the constructed work.
These solutions will be tested on four different construction types:
masonry construction systems;
wooden construction systems;
reinforced concrete construction systems;
steel construction systems;
mixed systems.
2) a consideration.
beyond a broad classification, however to be expressed more in conceptual than taxonomic terms, returning an organic framework of materials and production and assembly techniques that can be used today by the designer in construction is practically impossible, given the vast manuals available (unfortunately , not always effectively usable) and the equally vast amount of information that can be extracted from the web (unfortunately, not always controllable in their performance aspects). It is therefore considered formally more useful and appropriate for university architecture studies, to provide the student with adequate methodological bases to build, around the possible materials that can be used in the project investigated / developed from time to time, a detailed network of knowledge that will guide them responsibly to assess whether the technical solutions adopted / adoptable are appropriate with respect to the system of objectives that each project, by its intrinsic definition, aims to achieve.
The attention of the course will therefore be focused on some simple construction methods, within the scope of a first year, but able to relate the current practice with the complex set of interactions between technology, architecture and the environment, also starting students to understand the evolutionary nature of these interactions.

IL CORSO ASSUME COME RIFERIMENTO I SEGUENTI TESTI.
A) PER QUANTO RIGUARDA LA DESCRIZIONE DELLE PARTI FUNZIONALI DI UN SISTEMA ARCHITETTONICO E DELLE SOLUZIONI TECNICHE IMPIEGATE NELLA PRATICA CORRENTE DELLE COSTRUZIONI PUÒ ESSERE UTILE LA CONSULTAZIONE DEI SEGUENTI MANUALI:
AA.VV. ATLANTE DEI MATERIALI, UTET SCIENZE TECNICHE (GRANDE ATLANTE DI ARCHITETTURA, N.19), TORINO 2006;
MANUALE DI PROGETTAZIONE EDILIZIA VOLUME 3 (MATERIALI E PRODOTTI), VOLUME 4 (TECNOLOGIE), HOEPLI , MILANO 1995.
B) COME LETTURE UTILI:
GORDON, JAMES EDWARD, LA SCIENZA DEI MATERIALI RESISTENTI, OVVERO PERCHÉ NON SPROFONDIAMO NEL PAVIMENTO, EDIZIONI SCIENTIFICHE E TECNICHE MONDADORI, MILANO 1976;
GORDON, JAMES EDWARD, STRUTTURE, OVVERO PERCHÉ LE COSE STANNO IN PIEDI, EDIZIONI SCIENTIFICHE E TECNICHE MONDADORI, MILANO 1979;
WESTON, RICHARD, MATERIALS, FORM AND ARCHITETCTURE, YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS, NEW HAWEN (USA) 2003.

The course deals with materials, construction techniques and construction elements, and will highlight their historical evolution and the relationship between construction techniques and the conception of the architectural space in relation to the basic principles of structural functioning and the building envelope. The approaches to each topic are related to:
- the performances provided by materials and construction elements in response to the requirements that the building must satisfy;
- the building as a system of related architectural, functional and construction elements in order to deliver the performances;
- the building process as a system of players (users, designers, builders, etc.) and activities.
The course will be developed through a series of lectures integrated with visits, site visits (and exercises. Specifically, the programme is divided into two parts:
I. materials (a. clay materials; B. stone materials; C. types of concrete; D. wooden materials; E. metal materials; F. glass materials);
II. construction elements (G. land, foundations and attachment to the ground; H. elevated structures; I. vertical casing and internal walls; L. internal horizontal elements and roofing; M. mechanical and pedestrian vertical connections; N. interior and exterior fixtures).

- IT.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/MATERIALI_DA_COSTRUZIONE
- JAMES EDWARD GORDON, LA SCIENZA DEI MATERIALI RESISTENTI, OVVERO PERCHÉ NON SPROFONDIAMO NEL PAVIMENTO, EDIZIONI SCIENTIFICHE E TECNICHE MONDADORI, MILANO 1976
- JAMES EDWARD GORDON, STRUTTURE, OVVERO PERCHÉ LE COSE STANNO IN PIEDI, EDIZIONI SCIENTIFICHE E TECNICHE MONDADORI, MILANO 1979
- FREI OTTO, BODO RASCH, FINDING FORM: TOWARDS AN ARCHITECTURE OF THE MINIMAL, EDITION AXEL MENGES, STUTTGART 1995
- PIERGIORGIO ROSSI, ARCHITETTURA VS. AMBIENTE, FRANCO ANGELI EDITORE, MILANO 2008