The first module of the course aims to illustrate the main historical processes concerning Europe and the Mediterranean in the medieval millennium (500-1500), taking into account the most recent historiographical debates and some of the written sources in question. The focus will be on the main aspects of human action between society, economy, religion, politics, and culture. The main topics of the course are: written and material sources, solids and voids; economy, religion, and culture in Late Antiquity (4th-6th centuries); the emergence of the Roman-Barbarian kingdoms (5th-6th centuries); early medieval empires (8th-9th centuries); the countryside: from the manorial system to incastellamento (7th-12th centuries); cities: urbanism, demography, economy from the inheritance of Rome to the new expansion (7th-12th centuries); the Reform of the Church (11th-12th centuries); political reorganizations, between cities and kingdoms (11th-13th centuries); cultural and religious paths between the early and late Middle Ages (6th-13th centuries); conjuncture and crisis of the 14th century (14th century); the new features of the Renaissance (15th century).

G. Albertoni, S. M. Collavini, T. Lazzari, Introduzione alla storia medievale, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2020;
G. Sergi, L'idea di Medioevo. Fra storia e senso comune, Roma, Donzelli, 1998;
V. Loré, R. Rao, Medioevo da manuale. Una ricognizione della storia medievale nei manuali scolastici italiani, in RM Rivista, 18/2 (2017), pp. 305-313 only (free download here: http://www.rmojs.unina.it/index.php/rm/article/view/5353).

Non-attending students are advised to study A. Cortonesi, Medioevo. Profilo di un millennio, Rome, Carocci, various editions, instead of Albertoni-Collavini-Lazzari, Introduction to Medieval History.

Urban landscapes and heritages: a political and cultural history.
The second module aims to retrace some moments in the history of Euro-Mediterranean cities in the Middle Ages, focusing in particular on two thematic axes: 1) presence, uses, and reuses of material structures inherited from Antiquity and Late Antiquity (walls, gates, public palaces, temples, basilicas, squares, bridges); 2) the symbolic, ceremonial, and political values attributed to those structures, then paying further attention to monuments such as statues and columns, and the various memorial narratives attributed to them over time. From this point of view, medieval cities present themselves as an important laboratory of experimentation: indeed, from that laboratory emerged the concept of «urban decorum», which is now at the center of political and cultural debate. The module will involve a cross-analysis of material and written sources, among which inscriptions and the so-called «city praises» (laudes urbium) will be favored.

For attending students, the exam is based on a) the materials provided by the teacher and discussed in class; b) the study of the following works:
- C. La Rocca, Cassiodoro, Teodato e il restauro degli elefanti di Bronzo della Via Sacra, in RM Rivista, 11/2 (2010), pp. 25-44
- D. Internullo, «Decus Urbis». Un'altra prospettiva sui «Mirabilia» di Roma e le origini del «decoro urbano» (secoli XII-XV), in Quaderni Storici, 163/1 (2020), pp. 159-183
- A. Fiore, La pietrificazione dell'identità civica (Italia centro-settentrionale, 1050-1220 c.), in Construir para perdurar. Riqueza petrificada e identidad social (siglos XI-XIV), Pamplona 2022, pp. 185-211
The three works will be made available by the teacher on the course's Teams channel.

To the above three essays, non-attending students should add the integral study of the following volume:
- R. Rao, I paesaggi dell'Italia medievale, Carocci, Rome, 2015

The course is divided into three parts, corresponding to three different training objectives.
The first part offers a general picture of the subject; the second focuses on a specific monographic theme; the third provides the methodological foundations of political history, through the analysis of the different historiographical schools and through the comparison with the different types of sources.

P. Carusi, I partiti politici italiani dall'unità ad oggi, Ed. Studium 2015

the study of the season of "compromesso storico" will be deepened

A. D'Angelo, Andreotti, la Chiesa e la "solidarietà nazionale", Roma, Edizioni Studium, 2020

The formation of Latin America: the colonial era (XVI-XVII-XVIII centuries).
Spanish America, Portuguese America: the geographical environment, the populations encountered.
The stages of discovery. The stages of conquest. The consequences in Europe.
The modalities of colonization. The evangelization of the Indians, the role of religious orders.
Institutions during the Iberian domination. State and Church in America.
Economy, trade, transport. Colonial society.
The changes of the eighteenth century. Reforms and revolts.
Independence, phases and main events. Thought and action of Simón Bolívar.
The political and economic structure in the nineteenth century. The liberal order and progress.
The secularization of society. The great migrations between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The impact of European ideologies. The crisis of the thirties. Populism.
The problem of economic development.
The creation of the Organization of American States and Latin America in the Cold War. Dictatorships, transition, democracy.

The examination is composed by two part: general part; monographic part.
General part: Carmagnani, M., L’altro Occidente. L’America Latina dall’invasione europea al nuovo millennio, Torino, Einaudi, 2003, or following editions.
Or:
Williamson, E., The Penguin History of Latin America, London, Penguin Books, 2010.
Or:
Malamud, C., Historia de América, Madrid, Alianza editorial, 2010.

Monographic part. One of the following books:
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Idolatria e identità creola. Le cronache andine tra Cinquecento e Seicento, Roma, Viella, 2007.
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Il Perù nella storia e nella storiografia, Roma, Bulzoni, 2013.
-Livi Bacci, M., Conquista. La distruzione degli indios americani, Roma, Carocci, 2013.
-Klein, H., Il commercio atlantico degli schiavi, Roma, Carocci, 2014.
-Nocera, R., Stati Uniti e America latina dal 1823 a oggi, Roma, Carocci, 2009.

The formation of Latin America: the colonial era (XVI-XVII-XVIII centuries).
Spanish America, Portuguese America: the geographical environment, the populations encountered.
The stages of discovery. The stages of conquest. The consequences in Europe.
The modalities of colonization. The evangelization of the Indians, the role of religious orders.
Institutions during the Iberian domination. State and Church in America.
Economy, trade, transport. Colonial society.
The changes of the eighteenth century. Reforms and revolts.
Independence, phases and main events. Thought and action of Simón Bolívar.
The political and economic structure in the nineteenth century. The liberal order and progress.
The secularization of society. The great migrations between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The impact of European ideologies. The crisis of the thirties. Populism.
The problem of economic development.
The creation of the Organization of American States and Latin America in the Cold War. Dictatorships, transition, democracy.

The examination is composed by two part: general part; monographic part.
General part: Carmagnani, M., L’altro Occidente. L’America Latina dall’invasione europea al nuovo millennio, Torino, Einaudi, 2003, or following editions.
Or:
Williamson, E., The Penguin History of Latin America, London, Penguin Books, 2010.
Or:
Malamud, C., Historia de América, Madrid, Alianza editorial, 2010.

Monographic part. One of the following books:
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Idolatria e identità creola. Le cronache andine tra Cinquecento e Seicento, Roma, Viella, 2007.
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Il Perù nella storia e nella storiografia, Roma, Bulzoni, 2013.
-Livi Bacci, M., Conquista. La distruzione degli indios americani, Roma, Carocci, 2013.
-Klein, H., Il commercio atlantico degli schiavi, Roma, Carocci, 2014.
-Nocera, R., Stati Uniti e America latina dal 1823 a oggi, Roma, Carocci, 2009.

The First Module, will trace the development of North American institutions from the early explorations and colonial settlements through the end of the XIX Century. The territorial, political, and social formation of the United States and Canada, the historical and theoretical basis of the respective Constitutions, the evolution of society, and the relationships between the various groups and minorities will be studied.

Stefano Luconi, La “nazione indispensabile”. Storia degli Stati Uniti dalle origini a Trump, Le Monnier Università, 2020 cap. 1, 2, 3

Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018 (capitoli: 2, 5, 6, 7)

The Second Module will cover the Twentieth Century by focusing on the challenges faced by American and Canadian society, such as causes and effects of migrations, economic crises and social inequalities, concentrating on diversity, labor, and individual freedom as special features of the modern American experience.
The role that the United States and Canada have played in the international forum will also be analyzed.

Stefano Luconi, La “nazione indispensabile”. Storia degli Stati Uniti dalle origini a Trump, Le Monnier Università, 2020 (capitoli 4, 5, 6)

Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018 (capitoli 8, 9, 10, 14)

And the following readings:
Santese, Angela. "Ambientalismo, Pacifismo E Guerra Fredda: Il Nuovo Antinuclearismo Nella Storiografia Statunitense." Ricerche Di Storia Politica 20.1 (2017): 43-56.
Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018, cap 16
Raffaella Baritono, L'anti intellettualismo nella democrazia Americana, in "il Mulino, Rivista trimestrale di cultura e di politica" 1/2022, pp. 120-130

The concepts of geographic horizon and geographical discovery. Travel and Geography in ancient and medieval times. The medieval nautical cartography. The maritime republics. Spain and Portugal from the Middle Ages and Modern Age. The Portuguese on the route to India. Great geographical discoveries: premises and consequences. Humanism and Renaissance. The XVI century. The Illuminismo. The “construction” of geographical science in the nineteenth century. The modern exploration. The history of discovery and its exploitation. The Geography and contemporary society.

Teaching Unit I-6 CFU
• Ilaria Luzzana Caraci, Al di là di altrove, Milano Mursia, 2009;
• Historical Atlas.

Teaching Unit II - 6 credits (36 hours) Travels and geography: from homination to space exploration

The materials on the CD-ROM attached to the manual (Ilaria Luzzana Caraci, Al di là di altrove, Milano, Mursia) allow to deepen the historical and social processes analyzed in the basic module. Essays, taking the structure of the manual, reconstruct migration, travel and exploration, trade and commercial networks, the circulation of people, goods and ideas between the various continents, as well as the biographies and works of the Protagonists of The expansion of the geographic horizon to our day.

Teaching Unit II-6 CFU
Depth cards from the CD enclosed with the manual (Ilaria Luzzana Caraci, Al di là di altrove, Milano Mursia, 2009): see list on page Bacheca (http://studiumanistici.uniroma3.altervista.org/jml/33-adascenzo)
ATTENTION: the manual must be equipped with an attached CD-Rom (available at the Petrocchi Library). Attending students will discuss with the teacher.

List of appendices to be studied:

Appendici al capitolo terzo L’orizzonte geografico dell’antichità
1. I miti della creazione nelle antiche civiltà
3. Hatshepsut e la spedizione alla Terra di Punt lez. 3
5. Le città fenicie
6. Il viaggio dei Fenici al servizio del faraone Neco II
7. I viaggi di Imilcone e Annone
8. L’Impero persiano

Appendici al capitolo quarto La geografia greca. Da descrizione a scienza della Terra
3. Erodoto di Alicarnasso e le sue Storie
4. Eratostene
7. La geografia in Aristotele

Appendici al capitolo quinto L’Età romana
1. Le spezie orientali
2. I rapporti tra Roma e la Cina
3. Il Periplo del Mare Eritreo
4. Strabone
5. La geografia in Seneca e Plinio
6. Claudio Tolomeo
7. Il De reditu suo di Rutilio Namaziano

Appendici al capitolo sesto I secoli «bui»
3. San Brandano e la sua Navigatione
4. Cosma Indicopleuste

Appendici al capitolo settimo «Il piacere per chi si diletta di girare il mondo»: la geografia dell’Islam
6. Ibn Bāttūtā

Appendici al capitolo ottavo Precursori di Colombo? L’epopea vichinga
1. La Vinland Map
3. Le saghe
4. Le altre «prove» della scoperta vichinga dell’America
5. I Vichinghi e la «Terra del Vino»

Appendici al capitolo nono Il risveglio dell’Occidente
1. La cultura geografica del Basso Medioevo
3. Francesco di Balduccio Pegolotti e la sua Pratica della mercatura

Appendici al capitolo decimo Missionari e mercanti sulle vie dell’Oriente
1. Il Prete Gianni
2. Le relazioni di viaggio di Giovanni da Pian del Carpine e Guglielmo da Rubruck
3. Il Milione
4. Selezione di passi dal Milione
6. Il mappamondo di Fra Mauro
7. I viaggi di Niccolò dei Conti
8. Gerolamo da Santo Stefano e Gerolamo Adorno

Appendici al capitolo undicesimo La via marittima alle Indie
1. Il De Canaria di Giovanni Boccaccio
2. Enrico il Navigatore
3. I navigatori italiani al servizio del Principe Enrico
6. I padrões
7. Vasco da Gama
8. L’arrivo di Vasco da Gama in India

Allegati al capitolo dodicesimo Le premesse della scoperta dell’America
1. Le vie transasiatiche e le vicende politiche dell’Asia centrale tra XIV e XVI secolo
2. L’ambiente umanistico fiorentino
3. Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli
5. John of Mandeville

Allegati al capitolo tredicesimo Buscar el Levante por el Poniente. Cristoforo Colombo e i suoi viaggi
1. La cultura di Colombo
2. La scoperta del Nuovo Mondo
3. Il Trattato di Tordesillas
4. La scoperta del continente

Appendici al capitolo quattordicesimo Ma chi ha scoperto l’America?
1. Fernando Colombo e le Historie della vita e dei fatti dell’Ammiraglio Don Cristoforo Colombo
2. I documenti colombiani dell’Archivio di Stato di Genova

Appendici al capitolo quindicesimo I primi viaggi esplorativi in America
4. Il viaggio di Pedro Álvarez Cabral
5. La questione vespucciana

Appendici al capitolo sedicesimo Dalla scoperta alla conquista
1. Alonso de Ojeda e i suoi viaggi
3. Gli effetti della conquista nell’Istoria del Mondo Nuovo di Gerolamo Benzoni
4. Bartolomé de Las Casas
5. L’incontro tra Cortés e Montezuma

Appendici al capitolo diciassettesimo I Portoghesi in Oriente e il viaggio di Magellano
2. Lodovico de Vartema
3. Giovanni da Empoli
5. Ferdinando Magellano
6. La sosta nella Baia di San Giuliano
7. La morte di Magellano

Appendici al capitolo diciottesimo L’Europa del Cinquecento e i nuovi mondi
1. Le raccolte di viaggi dei secoli XVI-XVII
4. Giovanni Battista Ramusio e la sua opera

Appendici al capitolo diciannovesimo Le esplorazioni moderne
1. Giovanni da Verrazzano
2. Jacques Cartier
3. La fondazione della Compagnia di Gesù e San Francesco Saverio, «Apostolo delle Indie»
4. Matteo Ricci
5. Martino Martini

Appendici al capitolo ventesimo I passaggi alle Indie e l’esplorazione dell’Oceano Pacifico
1. Sebastiano Caboto, la «sfinge della storia americana»
2. Henry Hudson
3. I viaggi di Vitus Bering
4. William Edward Parry
5. I viaggi di Tasman
6. I Diari di Cook
7. Le grandi spedizioni oceaniche francesi della seconda metà del Settecento

Appendici al capitolo ventiduesimo Esplorazioni e conquiste in America e in Asia
1. René Robert de La Salle
2. Alexander Mackenzie
3. Le donne viaggiatrici
4. I Viaggi di Pietro Della Valle
6. Nicolay Przhevalsky

Appendici al capitolo ventitreesimo Il secolo d’oro della geografia
1. Mungo Park
2. La ricerca delle sorgenti del Nilo
3. Livingstone e Stanley
4. Charles Darwin e il viaggio della Beagle

Appendici al capitolo ventiquattresimo Viaggi e geografia tra Ottocento e Novecento
1. La conquista dei Poli
2. Robert Falcon Scott
3. La Transiberiana
4. La geografia tedesca di fine Ottocento
5. La geografia italiana tra Ottocento e Novecento
6. Sven Anders Hedin

Conclusioni Tra passato e futuro. Il Novecento
1. La conquista dell’Everest
2. Le spedizioni italiane nel Karakorum

The first module (6 cfu) will provide an introduction to the knowledge of those physical environmental characteristics of our planet that constitute the natural component of the landscape. Top topics to be covered during the I Module: Basic Concepts of Astronomical Geography; The planet Earth; The representation of the Earth's surface; The lithosphere: minerals and rocks; Stratigraphy and Tectonics; Volcanic phenomena; Seismic phenomena; The Plaque Tettonica and the Evolution of the Earth; Marine hydrography; Continental hydrography; The terrestrial atmosphere; Elements and factors of the climate; Modeling the Earth's surface.

GEOGRAPHY I module (6 cfu)Attending students:- lesson notes and supplementary learning material that will be provided during the course.Non-Attending Students:-E. Lupia Palmieri, M. Parotto, Il Globo terrestre e la sua evoluzione,Edizione blu-Seconda edizione,testo unico, Milano, Zanichelli,2019 (ISBN: 978-88-08-32899-1). NB: Chapter-wise topics that are deleted: “L’Universo e il Sistema solare”(cap.1); “Storia della Terra” (cap. 11) e l’ “Appendice”.From the chapter dedicated to "“La Terra e la Luna” (cap. 2), are TO BE DONE ONLY the paragraphs on: "“La forma e dimensioni della Terra", “Le coordinate geografiche”; “Le raffigurazioni della superficie terrestre”; "Il moto di rotazione terrestre”; “Il moto di rivoluzione terrestre e le stagioni”.The following chapters are to be done in its entirety: L’atmosfera e il clima (cap. 3); L’ambiente marino (cap.4); I ghiacciai e le acque continentali (cap.5); La crosta terrestre: minerali e rocce (cap. 6); La giacitura e le deformazioni delle rocce (cap.7); I fenomeni vulcanici (cap. 8); I fenomeni sismici (cap. 9); La Tettonica delle placche: un modello globale (cap. 10).

The second module (6 cfu) will emphasize the different aspects of the territorial organization of the relationship between man and the environment, interpreted in a space-time dimension. A series of lessons will be directed in particular to the deepening of the physical-anthropic evolution of Italian landscapes. Main topics to be addressed during the second module: What is human geography; Spatial interaction and spatial behavior; Population and migration; Ethnic Geography; Urban systems and urban structures; Territorial economic structures: primary, secondary, tertiary and beyond; Environmental challenges.

Attending students:- lesson notes and supplementary learning material that will be provided during the course.Non-Attending Students:- A.L. Greiner, G. Dematteis, C. Lanza. Geografia umana. Un approccio visuale, UTET, 2019 .

The course will address the evolution of the world economy geographic scenario in recent decades, as well as the evolution of the conceptual tools needed to understand the radical changes of economic and political nature materialized in this same period. With this in mind, we are going to discuss: the globalization and its territorial effects (from the breakup of the postwar global order, to the emergence of the Global South); the geography of resources (agricultural, mining, energetic); the industrial sectors in the third millennium; the centrality of urban spaces in the contemporary economy; the geography of transport and tourism and so on. There will be lectures and eventual workshops.

The FIRST book is written by Chiara Certomà, Sergio Conti, Paolo Giaccaria, Ugo Rossi, Carlo Salone; the title is "Geografia economica e politica" and is edited in 2022 by PEARSON.

The course will address the evolution of the world economy geographic scenario in recent decades, as well as the evolution of the conceptual tools needed to understand the radical changes of economic and political nature materialized in this same period. With this in mind, we are going to discuss: the globalization and its territorial effects (from the breakup of the postwar global order, to the emergence of the Global South); the geography of resources (agricultural, mining, energetic); the industrial sectors in the third millennium; the centrality of urban spaces in the contemporary economy; the geography of transport and tourism and so on. There will be lectures and eventual workshops.

The SECOND book is translated by G. PETTENATI, R. SOMMELLA, A. VANOLO (eds); the title is "Introduzione alla geografia politica. Spazi, luoghi, politiche" and is edited in 2021 by UTET.(Original Title "An introduction to political geography", M. Jones, R. Jones, M. Whitehead, M. Woods, D. Dixon, M. Hannah)

The first module of the course aims to illustrate the main historical processes concerning Europe and the Mediterranean in the medieval millennium (500-1500), taking into account the most recent historiographical debates and some of the written sources in question. The focus will be on the main aspects of human action between society, economy, religion, politics, and culture. The main topics of the course are: written and material sources, solids and voids; economy, religion, and culture in Late Antiquity (4th-6th centuries); the emergence of the Roman-Barbarian kingdoms (5th-6th centuries); early medieval empires (8th-9th centuries); the countryside: from the manorial system to incastellamento (7th-12th centuries); cities: urbanism, demography, economy from the inheritance of Rome to the new expansion (7th-12th centuries); the Reform of the Church (11th-12th centuries); political reorganizations, between cities and kingdoms (11th-13th centuries); cultural and religious paths between the early and late Middle Ages (6th-13th centuries); conjuncture and crisis of the 14th century (14th century); the new features of the Renaissance (15th century).

G. Albertoni, S. M. Collavini, T. Lazzari, Introduzione alla storia medievale, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2020;
G. Sergi, L'idea di Medioevo. Fra storia e senso comune, Roma, Donzelli, 1998;
V. Loré, R. Rao, Medioevo da manuale. Una ricognizione della storia medievale nei manuali scolastici italiani, in RM Rivista, 18/2 (2017), pp. 305-313 only (free download here: http://www.rmojs.unina.it/index.php/rm/article/view/5353).

Non-attending students are advised to study A. Cortonesi, Medioevo. Profilo di un millennio, Rome, Carocci, various editions, instead of Albertoni-Collavini-Lazzari, Introduction to Medieval History.

Urban landscapes and heritages: a political and cultural history.
The second module aims to retrace some moments in the history of Euro-Mediterranean cities in the Middle Ages, focusing in particular on two thematic axes: 1) presence, uses, and reuses of material structures inherited from Antiquity and Late Antiquity (walls, gates, public palaces, temples, basilicas, squares, bridges); 2) the symbolic, ceremonial, and political values attributed to those structures, then paying further attention to monuments such as statues and columns, and the various memorial narratives attributed to them over time. From this point of view, medieval cities present themselves as an important laboratory of experimentation: indeed, from that laboratory emerged the concept of «urban decorum», which is now at the center of political and cultural debate. The module will involve a cross-analysis of material and written sources, among which inscriptions and the so-called «city praises» (laudes urbium) will be favored.

For attending students, the exam is based on a) the materials provided by the teacher and discussed in class; b) the study of the following works:
- C. La Rocca, Cassiodoro, Teodato e il restauro degli elefanti di Bronzo della Via Sacra, in RM Rivista, 11/2 (2010), pp. 25-44
- D. Internullo, «Decus Urbis». Un'altra prospettiva sui «Mirabilia» di Roma e le origini del «decoro urbano» (secoli XII-XV), in Quaderni Storici, 163/1 (2020), pp. 159-183
- A. Fiore, La pietrificazione dell'identità civica (Italia centro-settentrionale, 1050-1220 c.), in Construir para perdurar. Riqueza petrificada e identidad social (siglos XI-XIV), Pamplona 2022, pp. 185-211
The three works will be made available by the teacher on the course's Teams channel.

To the above three essays, non-attending students should add the integral study of the following volume:
- R. Rao, I paesaggi dell'Italia medievale, Carocci, Rome, 2015

The concepts of geographic horizon and geographical discovery. Travel and Geography in ancient and medieval times. The medieval nautical cartography. The maritime republics. Spain and Portugal from the Middle Ages and Modern Age. The Portuguese on the route to India. Great geographical discoveries: premises and consequences. Humanism and Renaissance. The XVI century. The Illuminismo. The “construction” of geographical science in the nineteenth century. The modern exploration. The history of discovery and its exploitation. The Geography and contemporary society.

Teaching Unit I-6 CFU• Ilaria Luzzana Caraci, Al di là di altrove, Milano Mursia, 2009;• Historical Atlas.

Teaching Unit II - 6 credits (36 hours) Travels and geography: from homination to space exploration The materials on the CD-ROM attached to the manual (Ilaria Luzzana Caraci, Al di là di altrove, Milano, Mursia) allow to deepen the historical and social processes analyzed in the basic module. Essays, taking the structure of the manual, reconstruct migration, travel and exploration, trade and commercial networks, the circulation of people, goods and ideas between the various continents, as well as the biographies and works of the Protagonists of The expansion of the geographic horizon to our day.

Teaching Unit II-6 CFUDepth cards from the CD enclosed with the manual (Ilaria Luzzana Caraci, Al di là di altrove, Milano Mursia, 2009): see list on page Bacheca (http://studiumanistici.uniroma3.altervista.org/jml/33-adascenzo) ATTENTION: the manual must be equipped with an attached CD-Rom (available at the Petrocchi Library). Attending students will discuss with the teacher.List of appendices to be studied:Appendici al capitolo terzo L’orizzonte geografico dell’antichità 1. I miti della creazione nelle antiche civiltà 3. Hatshepsut e la spedizione alla Terra di Punt lez. 35. Le città fenicie 6. Il viaggio dei Fenici al servizio del faraone Neco II 7. I viaggi di Imilcone e Annone 8. L’Impero persiano Appendici al capitolo quarto La geografia greca. Da descrizione a scienza della Terra 3. Erodoto di Alicarnasso e le sue Storie 4. Eratostene 7. La geografia in Aristotele Appendici al capitolo quinto L’Età romana 1. Le spezie orientali 2. I rapporti tra Roma e la Cina 3. Il Periplo del Mare Eritreo 4. Strabone 5. La geografia in Seneca e Plinio 6. Claudio Tolomeo 7. Il De reditu suo di Rutilio Namaziano Appendici al capitolo sesto I secoli «bui» 3. San Brandano e la sua Navigatione 4. Cosma Indicopleuste Appendici al capitolo settimo «Il piacere per chi si diletta di girare il mondo»: la geografia dell’Islam 6. Ibn Bāttūtā Appendici al capitolo ottavo Precursori di Colombo? L’epopea vichinga 1. La Vinland Map 3. Le saghe 4. Le altre «prove» della scoperta vichinga dell’America 5. I Vichinghi e la «Terra del Vino» Appendici al capitolo nono Il risveglio dell’Occidente 1. La cultura geografica del Basso Medioevo 3. Francesco di Balduccio Pegolotti e la sua Pratica della mercatura Appendici al capitolo decimo Missionari e mercanti sulle vie dell’Oriente 1. Il Prete Gianni 2. Le relazioni di viaggio di Giovanni da Pian del Carpine e Guglielmo da Rubruck 3. Il Milione 4. Selezione di passi dal Milione 6. Il mappamondo di Fra Mauro 7. I viaggi di Niccolò dei Conti 8. Gerolamo da Santo Stefano e Gerolamo Adorno Appendici al capitolo undicesimo La via marittima alle Indie 1. Il De Canaria di Giovanni Boccaccio 2. Enrico il Navigatore 3. I navigatori italiani al servizio del Principe Enrico 6. I padrões 7. Vasco da Gama 8. L’arrivo di Vasco da Gama in India Allegati al capitolo dodicesimo Le premesse della scoperta dell’America 1. Le vie transasiatiche e le vicende politiche dell’Asia centrale tra XIV e XVI secolo 2. L’ambiente umanistico fiorentino 3. Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli 5. John of Mandeville Allegati al capitolo tredicesimo Buscar el Levante por el Poniente. Cristoforo Colombo e i suoi viaggi 1. La cultura di Colombo 2. La scoperta del Nuovo Mondo 3. Il Trattato di Tordesillas 4. La scoperta del continente Appendici al capitolo quattordicesimo Ma chi ha scoperto l’America? 1. Fernando Colombo e le Historie della vita e dei fatti dell’Ammiraglio Don Cristoforo Colombo 2. I documenti colombiani dell’Archivio di Stato di Genova Appendici al capitolo quindicesimo I primi viaggi esplorativi in America 4. Il viaggio di Pedro Álvarez Cabral 5. La questione vespucciana Appendici al capitolo sedicesimo Dalla scoperta alla conquista 1. Alonso de Ojeda e i suoi viaggi 3. Gli effetti della conquista nell’Istoria del Mondo Nuovo di Gerolamo Benzoni 4. Bartolomé de Las Casas 5. L’incontro tra Cortés e Montezuma Appendici al capitolo diciassettesimo I Portoghesi in Oriente e il viaggio di Magellano 2. Lodovico de Vartema 3. Giovanni da Empoli 5. Ferdinando Magellano 6. La sosta nella Baia di San Giuliano 7. La morte di Magellano Appendici al capitolo diciottesimo L’Europa del Cinquecento e i nuovi mondi 1. Le raccolte di viaggi dei secoli XVI-XVII 4. Giovanni Battista Ramusio e la sua opera Appendici al capitolo diciannovesimo Le esplorazioni moderne 1. Giovanni da Verrazzano 2. Jacques Cartier 3. La fondazione della Compagnia di Gesù e San Francesco Saverio, «Apostolo delle Indie» 4. Matteo Ricci 5. Martino Martini Appendici al capitolo ventesimo I passaggi alle Indie e l’esplorazione dell’Oceano Pacifico 1. Sebastiano Caboto, la «sfinge della storia americana» 2. Henry Hudson 3. I viaggi di Vitus Bering 4. William Edward Parry 5. I viaggi di Tasman 6. I Diari di Cook 7. Le grandi spedizioni oceaniche francesi della seconda metà del Settecento Appendici al capitolo ventiduesimo Esplorazioni e conquiste in America e in Asia 1. René Robert de La Salle 2. Alexander Mackenzie 3. Le donne viaggiatrici 4. I Viaggi di Pietro Della Valle 6. Nicolay Przhevalsky Appendici al capitolo ventitreesimo Il secolo d’oro della geografia 1. Mungo Park 2. La ricerca delle sorgenti del Nilo 3. Livingstone e Stanley 4. Charles Darwin e il viaggio della Beagle Appendici al capitolo ventiquattresimo Viaggi e geografia tra Ottocento e Novecento 1. La conquista dei Poli 2. Robert Falcon Scott 3. La Transiberiana 4. La geografia tedesca di fine Ottocento 5. La geografia italiana tra Ottocento e Novecento 6. Sven Anders Hedin Conclusioni Tra passato e futuro. Il Novecento 1. La conquista dell’Everest 2. Le spedizioni italiane nel Karakorum

The course is divided into three parts, corresponding to three different training objectives.
The first part offers a general picture of the subject; the second focuses on a specific monographic theme; the third provides the methodological foundations of political history, through the analysis of the different historiographical schools and through the comparison with the different types of sources.

P. Carusi, I partiti politici italiani dall'unità ad oggi, Ed. Studium 2015

the study of the season of "compromesso storico" will be deepened

A. D'Angelo, Andreotti, la Chiesa e la "solidarietà nazionale", Roma, Edizioni Studium, 2020

The formation of Latin America: the colonial era (XVI-XVII-XVIII centuries).
Spanish America, Portuguese America: the geographical environment, the populations encountered.
The stages of discovery. The stages of conquest. The consequences in Europe.
The modalities of colonization. The evangelization of the Indians, the role of religious orders.
Institutions during the Iberian domination. State and Church in America.
Economy, trade, transport. Colonial society.
The changes of the eighteenth century. Reforms and revolts.
Independence, phases and main events. Thought and action of Simón Bolívar.
The political and economic structure in the nineteenth century. The liberal order and progress.
The secularization of society. The great migrations between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The impact of European ideologies. The crisis of the thirties. Populism.
The problem of economic development.
The creation of the Organization of American States and Latin America in the Cold War. Dictatorships, transition, democracy.

The examination is composed by two part: general part; monographic part.
General part: Carmagnani, M., L’altro Occidente. L’America Latina dall’invasione europea al nuovo millennio, Torino, Einaudi, 2003, or following editions.
Or:
Williamson, E., The Penguin History of Latin America, London, Penguin Books, 2010.
Or:
Malamud, C., Historia de América, Madrid, Alianza editorial, 2010.

Monographic part. One of the following books:
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Idolatria e identità creola. Le cronache andine tra Cinquecento e Seicento, Roma, Viella, 2007.
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Il Perù nella storia e nella storiografia, Roma, Bulzoni, 2013.
-Livi Bacci, M., Conquista. La distruzione degli indios americani, Roma, Carocci, 2013.
-Klein, H., Il commercio atlantico degli schiavi, Roma, Carocci, 2014.
-Nocera, R., Stati Uniti e America latina dal 1823 a oggi, Roma, Carocci, 2009.

The formation of Latin America: the colonial era (XVI-XVII-XVIII centuries).
Spanish America, Portuguese America: the geographical environment, the populations encountered.
The stages of discovery. The stages of conquest. The consequences in Europe.
The modalities of colonization. The evangelization of the Indians, the role of religious orders.
Institutions during the Iberian domination. State and Church in America.
Economy, trade, transport. Colonial society.
The changes of the eighteenth century. Reforms and revolts.
Independence, phases and main events. Thought and action of Simón Bolívar.
The political and economic structure in the nineteenth century. The liberal order and progress.
The secularization of society. The great migrations between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The impact of European ideologies. The crisis of the thirties. Populism.
The problem of economic development.
The creation of the Organization of American States and Latin America in the Cold War. Dictatorships, transition, democracy.

The examination is composed by two part: general part; monographic part.
General part: Carmagnani, M., L’altro Occidente. L’America Latina dall’invasione europea al nuovo millennio, Torino, Einaudi, 2003, or following editions.
Or:
Williamson, E., The Penguin History of Latin America, London, Penguin Books, 2010.
Or:
Malamud, C., Historia de América, Madrid, Alianza editorial, 2010.

Monographic part. One of the following books:
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Idolatria e identità creola. Le cronache andine tra Cinquecento e Seicento, Roma, Viella, 2007.
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Il Perù nella storia e nella storiografia, Roma, Bulzoni, 2013.
-Livi Bacci, M., Conquista. La distruzione degli indios americani, Roma, Carocci, 2013.
-Klein, H., Il commercio atlantico degli schiavi, Roma, Carocci, 2014.
-Nocera, R., Stati Uniti e America latina dal 1823 a oggi, Roma, Carocci, 2009.

The First Module, will trace the development of North American institutions from the early explorations and colonial settlements through the end of the XIX Century. The territorial, political, and social formation of the United States and Canada, the historical and theoretical basis of the respective Constitutions, the evolution of society, and the relationships between the various groups and minorities will be studied.

Stefano Luconi, La “nazione indispensabile”. Storia degli Stati Uniti dalle origini a Trump, Le Monnier Università, 2020 cap. 1, 2, 3

Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018 (capitoli: 2, 5, 6, 7)

The Second Module will cover the Twentieth Century by focusing on the challenges faced by American and Canadian society, such as causes and effects of migrations, economic crises and social inequalities, concentrating on diversity, labor, and individual freedom as special features of the modern American experience.
The role that the United States and Canada have played in the international forum will also be analyzed.

Stefano Luconi, La “nazione indispensabile”. Storia degli Stati Uniti dalle origini a Trump, Le Monnier Università, 2020 (capitoli 4, 5, 6)

Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018 (capitoli 8, 9, 10, 14)

And the following readings:
Santese, Angela. "Ambientalismo, Pacifismo E Guerra Fredda: Il Nuovo Antinuclearismo Nella Storiografia Statunitense." Ricerche Di Storia Politica 20.1 (2017): 43-56.
Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018, cap 16
Raffaella Baritono, L'anti intellettualismo nella democrazia Americana, in "il Mulino, Rivista trimestrale di cultura e di politica" 1/2022, pp. 120-130

The first module (6 cfu) will provide an introduction to the knowledge of those physical environmental characteristics of our planet that constitute the natural component of the landscape. Top topics to be covered during the I Module: Basic Concepts of Astronomical Geography; The planet Earth; The representation of the Earth's surface; The lithosphere: minerals and rocks; Stratigraphy and Tectonics; Volcanic phenomena; Seismic phenomena; The Plaque Tettonica and the Evolution of the Earth; Marine hydrography; Continental hydrography; The terrestrial atmosphere; Elements and factors of the climate; Modeling the Earth's surface.

GEOGRAPHY I module (6 cfu)Attending students:- lesson notes and supplementary learning material that will be provided during the course.Non-Attending Students:-E. Lupia Palmieri, M. Parotto, Il Globo terrestre e la sua evoluzione,Edizione blu-Seconda edizione,testo unico, Milano, Zanichelli,2019 (ISBN: 978-88-08-32899-1). NB: Chapter-wise topics that are deleted: “L’Universo e il Sistema solare”(cap.1); “Storia della Terra” (cap. 11) e l’ “Appendice”.From the chapter dedicated to "“La Terra e la Luna” (cap. 2), are TO BE DONE ONLY the paragraphs on: "“La forma e dimensioni della Terra", “Le coordinate geografiche”; “Le raffigurazioni della superficie terrestre”; "Il moto di rotazione terrestre”; “Il moto di rivoluzione terrestre e le stagioni”.The following chapters are to be done in its entirety: L’atmosfera e il clima (cap. 3); L’ambiente marino (cap.4); I ghiacciai e le acque continentali (cap.5); La crosta terrestre: minerali e rocce (cap. 6); La giacitura e le deformazioni delle rocce (cap.7); I fenomeni vulcanici (cap. 8); I fenomeni sismici (cap. 9); La Tettonica delle placche: un modello globale (cap. 10).

The second module (6 cfu) will emphasize the different aspects of the territorial organization of the relationship between man and the environment, interpreted in a space-time dimension. A series of lessons will be directed in particular to the deepening of the physical-anthropic evolution of Italian landscapes. Main topics to be addressed during the second module: What is human geography; Spatial interaction and spatial behavior; Population and migration; Ethnic Geography; Urban systems and urban structures; Territorial economic structures: primary, secondary, tertiary and beyond; Environmental challenges.

Attending students:- lesson notes and supplementary learning material that will be provided during the course.Non-Attending Students:- A.L. Greiner, G. Dematteis, C. Lanza. Geografia umana. Un approccio visuale, UTET, 2019 .

The course will address the evolution of the world economy geographic scenario in recent decades, as well as the evolution of the conceptual tools needed to understand the radical changes of economic and political nature materialized in this same period. With this in mind, we are going to discuss: the globalization and its territorial effects (from the breakup of the postwar global order, to the emergence of the Global South); the geography of resources (agricultural, mining, energetic); the industrial sectors in the third millennium; the centrality of urban spaces in the contemporary economy; the geography of transport and tourism and so on. There will be lectures and eventual workshops.

The FIRST book is written by Chiara Certomà, Sergio Conti, Paolo Giaccaria, Ugo Rossi, Carlo Salone; the title is "Geografia economica e politica" and is edited in 2022 by PEARSON.

The course will address the evolution of the world economy geographic scenario in recent decades, as well as the evolution of the conceptual tools needed to understand the radical changes of economic and political nature materialized in this same period. With this in mind, we are going to discuss: the globalization and its territorial effects (from the breakup of the postwar global order, to the emergence of the Global South); the geography of resources (agricultural, mining, energetic); the industrial sectors in the third millennium; the centrality of urban spaces in the contemporary economy; the geography of transport and tourism and so on. There will be lectures and eventual workshops.

The SECOND book is translated by G. PETTENATI, R. SOMMELLA, A. VANOLO (eds); the title is "Introduzione alla geografia politica. Spazi, luoghi, politiche" and is edited in 2021 by UTET.(Original Title "An introduction to political geography", M. Jones, R. Jones, M. Whitehead, M. Woods, D. Dixon, M. Hannah)

The first module of the course aims to illustrate the main historical processes concerning Europe and the Mediterranean in the medieval millennium (500-1500), taking into account the most recent historiographical debates and some of the written sources in question. The focus will be on the main aspects of human action between society, economy, religion, politics, and culture. The main topics of the course are: written and material sources, solids and voids; economy, religion, and culture in Late Antiquity (4th-6th centuries); the emergence of the Roman-Barbarian kingdoms (5th-6th centuries); early medieval empires (8th-9th centuries); the countryside: from the manorial system to incastellamento (7th-12th centuries); cities: urbanism, demography, economy from the inheritance of Rome to the new expansion (7th-12th centuries); the Reform of the Church (11th-12th centuries); political reorganizations, between cities and kingdoms (11th-13th centuries); cultural and religious paths between the early and late Middle Ages (6th-13th centuries); conjuncture and crisis of the 14th century (14th century); the new features of the Renaissance (15th century).

G. Albertoni, S. M. Collavini, T. Lazzari, Introduzione alla storia medievale, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2020;
G. Sergi, L'idea di Medioevo. Fra storia e senso comune, Roma, Donzelli, 1998;
V. Loré, R. Rao, Medioevo da manuale. Una ricognizione della storia medievale nei manuali scolastici italiani, in RM Rivista, 18/2 (2017), pp. 305-313 only (free download here: http://www.rmojs.unina.it/index.php/rm/article/view/5353).

Non-attending students are advised to study A. Cortonesi, Medioevo. Profilo di un millennio, Rome, Carocci, various editions, instead of Albertoni-Collavini-Lazzari, Introduction to Medieval History.

Urban landscapes and heritages: a political and cultural history.
The second module aims to retrace some moments in the history of Euro-Mediterranean cities in the Middle Ages, focusing in particular on two thematic axes: 1) presence, uses, and reuses of material structures inherited from Antiquity and Late Antiquity (walls, gates, public palaces, temples, basilicas, squares, bridges); 2) the symbolic, ceremonial, and political values attributed to those structures, then paying further attention to monuments such as statues and columns, and the various memorial narratives attributed to them over time. From this point of view, medieval cities present themselves as an important laboratory of experimentation: indeed, from that laboratory emerged the concept of «urban decorum», which is now at the center of political and cultural debate. The module will involve a cross-analysis of material and written sources, among which inscriptions and the so-called «city praises» (laudes urbium) will be favored.

For attending students, the exam is based on a) the materials provided by the teacher and discussed in class; b) the study of the following works:
- C. La Rocca, Cassiodoro, Teodato e il restauro degli elefanti di Bronzo della Via Sacra, in RM Rivista, 11/2 (2010), pp. 25-44
- D. Internullo, «Decus Urbis». Un'altra prospettiva sui «Mirabilia» di Roma e le origini del «decoro urbano» (secoli XII-XV), in Quaderni Storici, 163/1 (2020), pp. 159-183
- A. Fiore, La pietrificazione dell'identità civica (Italia centro-settentrionale, 1050-1220 c.), in Construir para perdurar. Riqueza petrificada e identidad social (siglos XI-XIV), Pamplona 2022, pp. 185-211
The three works will be made available by the teacher on the course's Teams channel.

To the above three essays, non-attending students should add the integral study of the following volume:
- R. Rao, I paesaggi dell'Italia medievale, Carocci, Rome, 2015

The course is divided into three parts, corresponding to three different training objectives.
The first part offers a general picture of the subject; the second focuses on a specific monographic theme; the third provides the methodological foundations of political history, through the analysis of the different historiographical schools and through the comparison with the different types of sources.

P. Carusi, I partiti politici italiani dall'unità ad oggi, Ed. Studium 2015

the study of the season of "compromesso storico" will be deepened

A. D'Angelo, Andreotti, la Chiesa e la "solidarietà nazionale", Roma, Edizioni Studium, 2020

The formation of Latin America: the colonial era (XVI-XVII-XVIII centuries).
Spanish America, Portuguese America: the geographical environment, the populations encountered.
The stages of discovery. The stages of conquest. The consequences in Europe.
The modalities of colonization. The evangelization of the Indians, the role of religious orders.
Institutions during the Iberian domination. State and Church in America.
Economy, trade, transport. Colonial society.
The changes of the eighteenth century. Reforms and revolts.
Independence, phases and main events. Thought and action of Simón Bolívar.
The political and economic structure in the nineteenth century. The liberal order and progress.
The secularization of society. The great migrations between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The impact of European ideologies. The crisis of the thirties. Populism.
The problem of economic development.
The creation of the Organization of American States and Latin America in the Cold War. Dictatorships, transition, democracy.

The examination is composed by two part: general part; monographic part.
General part: Carmagnani, M., L’altro Occidente. L’America Latina dall’invasione europea al nuovo millennio, Torino, Einaudi, 2003, or following editions.
Or:
Williamson, E., The Penguin History of Latin America, London, Penguin Books, 2010.
Or:
Malamud, C., Historia de América, Madrid, Alianza editorial, 2010.

Monographic part. One of the following books:
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Idolatria e identità creola. Le cronache andine tra Cinquecento e Seicento, Roma, Viella, 2007.
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Il Perù nella storia e nella storiografia, Roma, Bulzoni, 2013.
-Livi Bacci, M., Conquista. La distruzione degli indios americani, Roma, Carocci, 2013.
-Klein, H., Il commercio atlantico degli schiavi, Roma, Carocci, 2014.
-Nocera, R., Stati Uniti e America latina dal 1823 a oggi, Roma, Carocci, 2009.

The formation of Latin America: the colonial era (XVI-XVII-XVIII centuries).
Spanish America, Portuguese America: the geographical environment, the populations encountered.
The stages of discovery. The stages of conquest. The consequences in Europe.
The modalities of colonization. The evangelization of the Indians, the role of religious orders.
Institutions during the Iberian domination. State and Church in America.
Economy, trade, transport. Colonial society.
The changes of the eighteenth century. Reforms and revolts.
Independence, phases and main events. Thought and action of Simón Bolívar.
The political and economic structure in the nineteenth century. The liberal order and progress.
The secularization of society. The great migrations between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The impact of European ideologies. The crisis of the thirties. Populism.
The problem of economic development.
The creation of the Organization of American States and Latin America in the Cold War. Dictatorships, transition, democracy.

The examination is composed by two part: general part; monographic part.
General part: Carmagnani, M., L’altro Occidente. L’America Latina dall’invasione europea al nuovo millennio, Torino, Einaudi, 2003, or following editions.
Or:
Williamson, E., The Penguin History of Latin America, London, Penguin Books, 2010.
Or:
Malamud, C., Historia de América, Madrid, Alianza editorial, 2010.

Monographic part. One of the following books:
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Idolatria e identità creola. Le cronache andine tra Cinquecento e Seicento, Roma, Viella, 2007.
-Guarnieri Calò Carducci, L., Il Perù nella storia e nella storiografia, Roma, Bulzoni, 2013.
-Livi Bacci, M., Conquista. La distruzione degli indios americani, Roma, Carocci, 2013.
-Klein, H., Il commercio atlantico degli schiavi, Roma, Carocci, 2014.
-Nocera, R., Stati Uniti e America latina dal 1823 a oggi, Roma, Carocci, 2009.

The First Module, will trace the development of North American institutions from the early explorations and colonial settlements through the end of the XIX Century. The territorial, political, and social formation of the United States and Canada, the historical and theoretical basis of the respective Constitutions, the evolution of society, and the relationships between the various groups and minorities will be studied.

Stefano Luconi, La “nazione indispensabile”. Storia degli Stati Uniti dalle origini a Trump, Le Monnier Università, 2020 cap. 1, 2, 3

Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018 (capitoli: 2, 5, 6, 7)

The Second Module will cover the Twentieth Century by focusing on the challenges faced by American and Canadian society, such as causes and effects of migrations, economic crises and social inequalities, concentrating on diversity, labor, and individual freedom as special features of the modern American experience.
The role that the United States and Canada have played in the international forum will also be analyzed.

Stefano Luconi, La “nazione indispensabile”. Storia degli Stati Uniti dalle origini a Trump, Le Monnier Università, 2020 (capitoli 4, 5, 6)

Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018 (capitoli 8, 9, 10, 14)

And the following readings:
Santese, Angela. "Ambientalismo, Pacifismo E Guerra Fredda: Il Nuovo Antinuclearismo Nella Storiografia Statunitense." Ricerche Di Storia Politica 20.1 (2017): 43-56.
Luca Codignola e Luigi Bruti Liberati, Storia del Canada, Bompiani, Milano 2018, cap 16
Raffaella Baritono, L'anti intellettualismo nella democrazia Americana, in "il Mulino, Rivista trimestrale di cultura e di politica" 1/2022, pp. 120-130